中国文化英语教程Unit5

中国文化英语教程Unit5第1页/共43页Unit5

Eco-awarenessinTraditionalChineseCulture第2页/共43页Lead-inTextstudyExercisesContent第3页/共43页Lead-inWatchavideoclipoftheEnglishdocumentaryHome,andnoticetheeco-philosophyitholds.第4页/共43页IntroductionThePhilosophyof“Life”EcologicalAestheticsHumansatOnewithOtherLivingThingsTextstudy第5页/共43页IntroductionProtectionoftheeco-environmentiscapturingwiderinternationalattentiontoday.Eco-ethicsandeco-philosophyhaveariseninthefaceoftheincreasinglyseriousecologicalcrisisfacingthewholeworld.第6页/共43页Eco-ethicsandeco-philosophyThemainideaofeco-ethicsandeco-philosophyistoreplace“human-centrism(人类中心主义)”with“eco-holism(生态整体主义)”.Itholdsthatalllivingthingsintheearth’sbiosphereareentitledtoequalrightssimilartothoseofhumanbeings,ortherightstosurvivalanddevelopment.Introduction第7页/共43页WhenweexaminetraditionalChineseculture,wealsofindfromancienttimesastrongeco-consciousnessthatisatonewitheco-ethicsandeco-philosophy.采菊东篱下悠然见南山山气日夕佳飞鸟相与还Introduction第8页/共43页The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”TraditionalChinesephilosophyisaphilosophyof“life”.Confucius“Heavenisthe

sourceofalllivingthings.”The“creationoflife”isthe“HeavenlyWay

(天道)”andthe

“HeavenlyDestination

(天命)”.

TheBookofChanges(Yijing)“Thecontinuouscreationoflifeischange

(生生之谓易).”

ThegreatvirtueofHeavenand

Earthiscreatinglife

(天地之大德曰生).“

第9页/共43页The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”Mencius“(Oneshould)loveone‘sfamily,lovethepeople,andlovealllivingthingsintheworld

(亲亲而仁民，仁民而爱物).”

Confucianthinkersoflatergenerationscarriedon

theideaof“HeavenandEarthgivingbirthtoalllife

(天地生物之心)”,andthusemphasizedloveforand

kindnesstowardalllivingthings.第10页/共43页ManyprominentConfucianscholarsofthe

SongDynasty(960-1279)echoedtheirmaster'sviewonlife.周敦颐程颐张载程颢The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”第11页/共43页“Heavencreateslifethroughyangandnurtures

(养育)

lifethroughyin

(天以阳生万物，以阴成万物).”—ZhouDunyi(1017-1073)

Note:ZhouDunyi:周敦颐。北宋理学家，曾撰写《太极图书》和《通书》。The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”周敦颐第12页/共43页“Thenatureoflifeislove

(生之性便是仁).”—ChengYi(1033-1107)Note:ChengYi:程颐。称伊川先生，河南府（今河南洛阳）人，与程颢为兄弟，世称“二程”，同受学于理学创始人周敦颐，后建立了自己的理学体系。程颐The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”第13页/共43页“Allpeopleintheworldaremybrothersandallbeingsintheworldaremycompanions

(民吾同胞，物吾与也).“—ZhangHengqu(1020-1077)Note:ZhangHengqu:张横渠，名载，字子厚，北宋哲学家，人称横渠先生。理学支脉“关学”创始人，反对“有生于无”的思想，提出“太虚”即“元气”、“气”，是万物生成的本源。The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”第14页/共43页“Thosewithloveregardthemselvesasthesameasotherlivingthingsintheworld

(仁者以天地万物为一体).”—ChengHao(1032-1085)Note:ChengHao:程颢。称明道先生，为程颐兄弟。“二程”为理学的奠基者。The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”第15页/共43页Note:ZhengBanqiao:郑板桥。清代著名画家，“扬州八怪”的主要代表，以三绝“诗、书、画”闻名于世的书画家、文学家。“Ilovedalllivingthingsintheworld,beitanantoraninsect.Thiswasthe‘willofHeaven’,andthathumanbeingsshouldunderstandHeaven’swill.”—ZhengBanqiao(1693-1765)The

Philosophyof“Life

(生)”第16页/共43页Relatedtoeco-ethicsandeco-philosophyisthe

eco-aestheticsoftraditionalChineseculture.瘦西湖SlenderWestLakeinYangzhou,JiangsuProvince,asceneofvibrantlifeEcologicalAesthetics第17页/共43页EcologicalAesthetics第18页/共43页AncientChinesethinkersregardednature,withhumanbeingsincludedinit,astheworldoflife.Alllivingthingsintheworldhavetheirownlifeandstateofbeing.EcologicalAesthetics第19页/共43页EcologicalAesthetics第20页/共43页EcologicalAesthetics第21页/共43页Loveforalllivingthingsintheworldandappreciationfortheirstateofbeingcanoftenbefoundinancientworksofartandliterature.HumansatOnewithOtherLivingThingsArtDongQichang(1555-1636),afamouspainterofthelateMingDynasty,explainedthat,mostartistsenjoyedalonglifebecauseeverythingtheyobservedwasfulloflife.Note:DongQichang:董其昌。“华亭派”的主要代表，精于书画鉴赏，其书画风格名重当世，并成为明代艺坛的主流。第22页/共43页DongYou,collectorandconnoisseur

(鉴赏家)

oftheSongDynasty,emphasizedthatartistsshoulddepict(描绘)thestateoflife,whichexistsinnature.Therefore,artistsshouldobserveandlearnfromnature.HumansatOnewithOtherLivingThingsWangGai(1654-1710)oftheQingDynastycomparedthehappinessoffishintheirnaturalworldtothatofhumansintheirnaturalworld.Note:WangGai:王概。擅诗画，传世作品有康熙《玉山观画图》轴等；且擅诗文，著有《澄心堂纸赋》称于时。第23页/共43页HumansatOnewithOtherLivingThingsAworkofWangGai第24页/共43页LiteratureInthepoemsoftheTangandSongdynasties,whenChinesepoetryreachedtheapex(预点)ofdevelopment,birdsandflowerswereoftendepictedasiftheyhadhumanfeelings.感时花溅泪恨别鸟惊心落花人独立微雨燕双归HumansatOnewithOtherLivingThings第25页/共43页InStrangeTalesfromMake-doStudio(LiaozhaiZhiyi),byPuSongling(1640-1715),humanbeingsandotherlivingthingsaredescribedasbeingofthesamekind.Manyofthestoriestelloflovebetweenmenandbeautifulwomenincarnated(化身的)fromplantsoranimals.Note:1.StrangeTales

fromMake-doStudio:《聊斋志异》。清代文言短篇小说集，蒲松龄撰，合计近500篇。故事来源非常广泛，具有很高的思想价值和独特的艺术风格。2.PuSongling:蒲松龄。清代文学家，别号柳泉居士，山东淄川（今属淄博市）人。HumansatOnewithOtherLivingThings第26页/共43页PuSonglingHumansatOnewithOtherLivingThings第27页/共43页ExercisesComprehensionCommunicationApplication第28页/共43页Comprehensionl.SkimmingandScanningGothroughthepassagequicklyandanswerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.1)Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlypointout?2)WhatisemphasizedintheConfucianphilosophyof

“life”?ThefirstparagraphmainlypointsouttheurgencyoftheecologicalproblemsIntheConfucianphilosophyof“life”,loveforandkindnesstowardalllivingthingsare

emphasized.第29页/共43页3)AccordingtoZhengBanqiao,whatisthe“willofHeaven”?AccordingtoZhengBanqiao,the“willofHeaven”istolovealllivingthingsintheworld,be

itanantoraninsect.4)Whatiseco-aestheticsoftraditionalChineseculturerelatedto?Eco-aestheticsoftraditionalChinesecultureisrelatedtoeco-ethicsandeco-philosophy.Comprehension第30页/共43页6)InthepoemsoftheTangandSongdynasties,howwerebirdsandflowersusually

depicted?InthepoemsoftheTangandSongdynasties,birdsandflowerswereoftendepictedasifthey

hadhumanfeelings.Comprehension5)WhydoChinesepaintersneverpaintdeadanimals?Chinesepaintersneverpaintdeadanimalsbecausetheylovealllivingthingsintheworld

andappreciatetheirstateofbeing.第31页/共43页II.CarefulReading1.Readthepassagecarefullyandfillinthe

followingblankswiththe

missinginformation.Human

beings

have

done

so

much

damage

to

the

natural

environment

that__________________

____

.2)

The

quotations

from

Zhou

Dunyi,

Zhang

Zai,

and

Cheng

Hao

show

that_______________________

________________________________________

_____________________________________.ComprehensiontheveryexistenceofhumanbeingsthemselvesisthreatenedConfucianlovestartsfrom

loving

one’sfamilyandotherpeople,tolovingalllivingthingsintheworld第32页/共43页4)Zhou

Dunyi

found

pleasure

in__________________________________,while

Cheng

Hao

enjoyed

observing

living

things

such

as

________and

___

.Comprehensionobservingthenaturalgrowthofgrassfishnewlyhatchedchicks3)

Zheng

Banqiao

advised

people_______________

to_______________

instead

of

___________________if

they

really

love

birds.plantmoretreeskeepingtheminacageasbirds’home第33页/共43页Many

Chinese

painters

believed

that

in

order

to

bring

vitality

to

their

works,

they

must______

_____________________________________.

6)The

story

of

“Xiangyu”

is

a

good

example

to

illustrate

that

____________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________.Comprehensionobserveandlearnfromnaturehumansandotherlivingthingsareofthesamekindandtheysharewealandwoetogether第34页/共43页2.PuteachofthefollowingintoEnglishandthencompareyourtranslationwiththatinthepassage．1)天以阳生万物，以阴成万物。——周敦颐2)生之性便是仁。——程颐Heavencreates

life

through

yang

and

nurtures

life

through

yin.—

Zhou

DunyiThe

nature

of

life

is

love.—

Cheng

YiComprehension第35页/共43页

4)民吾同胞，物吾与也。——张载5)仁者以天地万物为一体。——程颢All

people

in

the

world

are

my

brothers

and

all

beings

in

the

world

are

my

companions.

—

Zhang

ZaiThose

with

love

regard

themselves

as

the

same

as

other

living

things

in

the

world.

—

Cheng

HaoComprehension3)亲亲而仁民，仁民而爱物。——孟子(One

should)

love

one’s

family,

love

the

people,

and

love

all

living

things

in

the

world.

—

Mencius第36页/共43页6)我图娱悦，彼在囚牢，何情何理，而必屈物之性以适吾性乎。——郑板桥7)万物之生意最可观。——程颢It

is

unreasonable

to

keep

them

in

a

cage

just

to

please

myself,

to

oppress

their

nature

to

suit

my

nature!—

Zheng

Banqiao

Life

and

its

state

of

being

is

most

worthy

of

appreciation.—

Cheng

HaoComprehension第37页/共43页Communication

Thefollowingaresomequotes

from

Chinese

and

foreign

poets.

Read

them

carefully

and

find

out

their

views

about

man

and

nature.泥融飞燕子，沙暖睡鸳鸯。——杜甫

一重一掩吾肺腑，山鸟山花吾友于。——杜甫人鸟不相乱，见兽皆相亲。——王维一松一竹真朋友，山鸟山花好弟兄。——辛弃疾高秋总馈贫人实，来岁还舒满眼花。——杜甫第38页/共43页Woodman

spare

the

tree!

Touch

not

a

single

bough!

In

youth

it

sheltered

me.

And

I’ll

protect

it

now.—

George

Pope

MorrisWe

cannot

command

nature

except

by

obeying

her.—

Francis

BaconWhen

one

tugs

at

a

single

thing

in

nature,

he

finds

it

attached

to

the

rest

of

the

world.—

John

MuirCommunicationThe

chessboard

is

the

world,

the

pieces

are

the

p