2020年山东省新高考英语试卷

2020年山东省新高考英语试卷题号IIIIIIIVV总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）APOETRYCHALLENGE

Writeapoemabouthowcourage，determination，andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife．Prizes

3GrandPrizes：TriptoWashington，D．C．foreachofthreewinners，aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinnerˈschoice．Tripincludesround﹣tripairtickets，hotelstayfortwonights，andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld．

6FirstPrizes：ThebookSkyPioneer：APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch．

50HonorableMentions：Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners，whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhartˈsfinalflight．Rules

Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification．

■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer．Yourpoemcanbeanyformat，anynumberoflines．

■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper．Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper．

■Onthesamesheetofpaper，writeortypeyourname，address，telephonenumber，andbirthdate．

■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear．Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip？A.Two． B.Three． C.Four． D.Six．Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget？A.Aplaneticket． B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo．

C.AspecialT-shirt． D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart．Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification？A.Typingyourpoemout．

B.Writingapoemof120words．

C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper．

D.MailingyourentryonOctober30．B

JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree．ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin﹣EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelorˈsdegree．

Mauer，ofEdgar，Wisconsin，grewuponafarminafamilyof10children．Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm，andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids．Afterhighschool，Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege，workingtopayhertuition（学费），becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation．Aftergraduation，sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling．

Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown．Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves：nursing．ShechosetheUW﹣EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJosephˈsHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour﹣yeardegreeclosetohome．Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids．Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree：Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills，andher68﹣year﹣oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes．

Throughitall，sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors．Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）toachievehergoal，givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy．"Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers，"shesays．However，herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree．Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthatˈsprettypowerful．WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool？A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork．

B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown．

C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege．

D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome．WhydidJennifercheesetheprogramatMinistrySaintJosephˈsHospitalinMarshfield？A.Totakecareofherkidseasily．

B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses．

C.Tosavemoneyforherparents．

D.Tofindawell﹣paidjobthere．WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal？A.Herhealth． B.Hertimewithfamily．

C.Herreputation． D.Herchanceofpromotion．WhatcanwelearnfromJenniferˈsstory？A.Timeismoney．

B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers．

C.Hardworkpaysoff．

D.Educationisthekeytosuccess．C

Inthemid-1990s，ToniBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan．Heleftaftersevenmonths，physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind．Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea．

Hisvisit，however，endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat．Hencethisbook，ChasingtheSea：LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia，whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan，wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea．ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland，andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway：Rustam，histranslator，a1ovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia，OlegandNatasha，hishostsinTashkent，andastringofforeignaidworkers．

ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan，madeoffriendlinessandwarmth，butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety．InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing．InFerghana，heattendsamountainfuneral（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty．AndinKarakalpakstan，heissaddenedbytheduststorms，diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea．

MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences，makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan，seenfromWesterneyes．HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican，aswellashisdelicatestomach．Astheauthorexplains，thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook，orevenapieceofreportage．Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions．WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan？A.Hisfriendsˈinvitation． B.Hisinterestinthecountry．

C.Hisloveforteaching． D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph2referto？A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease．

B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia．

C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan．

D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissellˈsroadtripinUzbekistan？A.Romantic． B.Eventful． C.Pleasant． D.Dangerous．Whatisthepurposeofthistext？A.Tointroduceabook．

B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon．

C.Torememberawriter．

D.Torecommendatraveldestination．D

AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch，boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake．Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份），itˈsthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid．

Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits，theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments．Inthefirst，95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership．Beforethefilmbegan，eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack．Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst．Inhernaturalstate，theactorweighed105pounds．Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds．

Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood．Theparticipantsfollowedsuit，takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave．However，theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin．

Forthesecondtest，inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls．Intheothercase，shetook30pieces．Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest：theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces．

Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenweˈremakingdecisions．Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore，sowillI．Callitthe"Iˈllhavewhatsheˈshaving"effect．However，weˈlladjusttheinfluence．Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion，IˈllholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits．Butifathinpersoneatsalot，Iˈllfollowsuit．Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim，whycanˈtI？Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout？A.Foodsafety． B.Movieviewership．

C.Consumerdemand． D.Eatingbehavior．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles"inparagraph1referto？A.Bigeaters． B.Overweightpersons．

C.Pickyeaters． D.Tallthinpersons．Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor？A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants．

B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher．

C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests．

D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown．Onwhatbasisdowe"adjusttheinfluence"accordingtothelastparagraph？A.Howhungryweare． B.Howslimwewanttobe．

C.Howweperceiveothers． D.Howwefeelaboutthefood．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）

Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking．（1）____Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker？Herearesomeprinciplesyoumostmaster．

Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting，relaxedandcomfortable．Toooften，whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech，youfocusonthe"public"attheexpenseofthe"speaking．"（2）____Focusonthespeaking．Talkdirectlytoyouraudience，beyourselfandmakeaconnection．

Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes．Yet，theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking．Peopleˈsattentionwandersconstantly．Infact，mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeakerˈsmessage．So，donˈtstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessitˈsatrulyseriousone．（3）____

Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker．（4）____Andlikeeverythingelseinlife，thattakespractice．Remember，evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis．

（5）____Itˈsraretohearsomeonesay，"Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger．"Ontheotherhand，youprobablycanˈtcountthetimesthatyouˈvethought，"Iˈmgladthattalkisover．Itseemedtogoonforever!"Sosurpriseyouraudience．Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated．Itˈsbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend．

A.Dotheopposite．

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker．

C.Youdonˈtneedtoapologizeforaminorslip．

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore．

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience．

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners．

G.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe．

A.Dotheopposite．

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker．

C.Youdonˈtneedtoapologizeforaminorslip．

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore．

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience．

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners．

G.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe．

A.Dotheopposite．

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker．

C.Youdonˈtneedtoapologizeforaminorslip．

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore．

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience．

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners．

G.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe．

A.Dotheopposite．

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker．

C.Youdonˈtneedtoapologizeforaminorslip．

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore．

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience．

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners．

G.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe．

A.Dotheopposite．

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker．

C.Youdonˈtneedtoapologizeforaminorslip．

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore．

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience．

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners．

G.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe．三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia．Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond（1）____．Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof（2）____therefromaveryyoungage．

Whenhewas16，Molaibegantonoticesomething（3）____happeningaroundhishome．Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe（4）____itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds．（5）____，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell．He（6）____thatitwasbecausetherewerenˈtenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe（7）____．Thesolution，ofcourse，wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek（8）____duringthedaytime．Heturnedtothe（9）____departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere．However，Molaiwentlookingonhisownand（10）____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees．

（11）____youngplantsinthedryseasonwas（12）____foraloneboy．Molaibuiltatthe（13）____ofeachsapling（幼树）abambooplatform，whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto（14）____rainwater．Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow．

Molai（15）____toplanttreesforthenext37years．Hiseffortshaveresultedin1，360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.

A.dream B.job C.home D.choice

A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge

A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward

A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage

A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise

A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted

A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust

A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter

A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance

A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed

A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding

A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial

A.back B.top C.foot D.side

A.cooldown B.keepoff C.purify D.collect

A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings，e．g．stamps，postcardorantiques．Inthe18thand19thcenturies，（1）____（wealth）peopletravelledandcollectedplants，historicalobjectsandworksofart．Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig（2）____untiltheydied，andthenitwasgiventoamuseum．The80，000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane，forexample，（3）____（form）thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum（4）____openedin1759．

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic（5）____（call）galleriesorrooms．Often，onlyasmallpartofamuseumˈscollection（6）____（be）ondisplay．Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch．

Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors．Aswellaslookingatexhibits，visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations（模拟）andimagine（7）____（they）livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor（8）____（walk）througharainforest．AttheJorvikCentreinYork，thecityˈsVikingsettlementisrecreated，andpeopleexperiencethesights，soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown．Historical（9）____（accurate）isimportantbutsoisentertainment．Museumsmustcompete（10）____peopleˈssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements．Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：

1.参加人员；

2.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；

3.活动反响。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ACross-CountryRunningRace

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity．Astheeconomywasindecline，somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs．Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet．Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges．

Mrs．Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman．Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor．Sheknewtheyhadproblems，andtheyneededallkindsofhelp．Whenshehadtime，shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem．

Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore．Therewasamansickinbed，hiswife，whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork，andtheirlittleboy．Thelittleboy﹣hisnamewasBernard﹣hadinterestedherverymuch．

"Iwishyoucouldseehim，"shesaidtoherownchildren，John，Harry，andClara．"Heissuchahelptohismother．Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney，butIdonˈtseewhathecando．"

Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom，thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard．"Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney，"saidClara．"Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch．"

"SodoI，"saidHarry．"Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem．"

Forsomemoments，Johnsaidnothing，but，suddenly，hesprangtohisfeetandcried，"Ihaveagreatidea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish（完成）．"

Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention．WhenJohnhadanidea，itwassuretobeagoodone．"Itellyouwhatwecando，"saidJohn．"YouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentus？Well，wecanmakepopcorn（爆米花），andputitintopaperbags，andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsellit．"注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

WhenMrs．MeredithheardofJohnˈsidea，shethoughtitwasagoodone，too．

​​​​​​​

Witheverythingready，Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness．

答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】B

【解析】1.根据第二段"3GrandPrizes：TriptoWashington，D.C．foreachofthreewinners，aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice．三个大奖：三位获奖者，一位家长和获奖者选择的另一个人，各自前往华盛顿特区。"可知每位大奖得主可以带两个人参加这次免费旅行。故选A。

2.根据第四段"50HonorableMentions：Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners，whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight．50个荣誉提名：评委将选出多达50位荣誉提名获奖者，每人将获得一件T恤，以纪念埃尔哈特的最后一次飞行。"可知每一位获奖者都会得到一件特别的T恤。故选C。

3.根据"Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification．小心遵守所有规则，以免被取消资格。Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer．Yourpoemcanbeanyformat，anynumberoflines．可知诗的字数必须在100以内，120会被取消资格。故选B。

4.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】C

【解析】1.根据第二段Afterhighschool，Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege，workingtopayhertuition（学费），詹妮弗去了当地的一所技术学院，工作以支付她的学费，可知她自食其力读完技术学院。故选C。

2.根据第三段

ShechosetheUW﹣EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour﹣yeardegreeclosetohome．Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids．她选择了威斯康星州马士菲尔德圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau-Claire项目，因为她可以在离家较近的地方，她可以开车去上课，晚上回家帮助孩子。可知詹妮弗要在马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院做这个项目，能够更方便照顾孩子。故选A。

3.根据最后一段Throughitall，sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors．Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）toachievehergoal，givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy．在这一切中，她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业。詹妮弗为了实现自己的目标而牺牲，放弃了和孩子们在一起的许多夜晚，也错过了孩子重要的学习活动。可知詹妮弗为了达到她的目标牺牲了她和家人在一起的时间。故选B。

4.本文讲述詹妮弗•莫尔因为出生贫穷，自食其力读完技术学院，后来结婚后，又边照顾孩子，边攻读四年制学位，并以优异成绩毕业。告诉我们讴歌道理：努力工作有回报。故选C。

8.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】B【小题4】A

【解析】1.根据第一段的Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceof

theAralSea．几年后，仍然被这个国家吸引，他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。可知，比塞尔对这个国家的兴趣使他回到了乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。

2.根据第一段的Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceof

theAralSea．几年后，仍然被这个国家吸引，他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。可知第二段首句里面的that指的是"写一篇关于咸海的文章"。故选D。

3.根据第三段的ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan，madeoffriendlinessandwarmth，butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety．这是对乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速的观察，它既有友好和温暖，也有社会黑暗的一面。可知，比塞尔在乌兹别克斯坦的公路之旅是多事的。A.Romantic浪漫的；B.Eventful多事的；C.Pleasant愉快的；D.Dangerous危险的。故选B。

4.根据文章最后一段的句子Astheauthorexplains，thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook，orevenapieceofreportage．Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions．正如作者所解释的，这既不是一本旅行书，也不是一本历史书，甚至不是一篇报告文学，无论它是什么，其结果都是对最纯粹的中亚传统的精辟生动的描述。可知，文章主要介绍一本书的内容。故选A。

12.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】C

【解析】1.根据第一段AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch，boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake．根据《消费者研究杂志》（JournalofConsumerResearch）最近的一项研究，我们的饮食同伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄取量。可知最近的研究主要是关于饮食行为的。故选D。

2.根据第一段Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份），it'sthebeanpoles

withbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid．现存的研究是你应该避免和体重较大的人一起吃大餐，与之相反的是你真正需要避免的是那些有着大胃口的______。根据第三段Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood．Theparticipantsfollowedsuit，takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave．However，theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin．胖版和瘦版的演员都吃了大量的食物，参与者也跟着做了，吃了比平时多的食物，然而，当演员瘦的时候，他们吃得明显更多。可知跟着瘦的吃的多人，你会吃的更多。可知beanpoles意思是瘦的人，结合选项：A.Bigeaters大食客；B.Overweightpersons超重者；C.Pickyeaters挑食者；D.Tallthinpersons又高又瘦的人。故选D。

3.根据最后一段Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions．测试表明，当我们做出决定时，社会环境是非常有影响力的。可知研究人员要雇用演员是为了看看她会如何影响参与者。故选A。

4.根据最后一段However，we'lladjusttheinfluence．Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion，I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits．Butifathinpersoneatsalot，I'llfollowsuit．Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim，whycan'tI？不过，我们会调整影响的．如果一个超重的人吃了很多，我会克制一点，因为我看到了他的饮食习惯的结果。但是如果一个瘦的人吃得多，我也会照做。如果他能吃得多，保持苗条，为什么我不能呢？可知我们是以我们如何看待他人来调整他人对自己的影响力的。故选C。

16.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】B【小题5】D

【解析】1.根据上文Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking．有些人天生就有演讲的天赋。G选项：然而，大多数人都是有效的演讲者，因为他们是训练使然。表示转折，下文讲述如何成为演讲者，故选G。

2.根据上文Toooften，whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech，youfocusonthe"public"attheexpenseofthe"speaking．"很多时候，当你站起来发表演讲时，你关注的是"公众"，而不是"演讲"。和下文Focusonthespeaking．专注于演讲。可知前后是相反的，A选项：反其道而行之。意思相符，故选A。

3.根据上文So，don'tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit'satrulyseriousone．所以，当你犯了错误时，不要停止讲话，除非是真正严重的错误。C选项：Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip．你不需要为一个小失误道歉。承接上文，句式结构也一样，故选C。

4.根据上文Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker．你的目标并不是成为一个完美的演说家。B选项中的effective（有效的）和perfect（完美）相对，B：你想成为一个有效的演说家。意思相符。故选B。

5.根据下文It'sraretohearsomeonesay，"Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger．"很少有人会说："我真希望那个演讲者能多说几句话。"可知听众觉得说的少了好，D选项：说到公开演讲，少既是多。意思相符，故选D。

21.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】D【小题5】A【小题6】B【小题7】B【小题8】D【小题9】C【小题10】B【小题11】C【小题12】A【小题13】B【小题14】D【小题15】D

【解析】1.A.dream梦想；B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice选择。由下句的"Helearnedthevalueandbeautyofnaturetherefromaveryyoungage．他很小的时候就懂得了自然的美和价值。"可知他很喜欢村庄的湿地，他已经把这里当作了他第二个家，故选C。

2.A.nature自然；B.youth青年；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知识。根据"Thevillagelaynearsomewetlands．这个村庄靠近湿地。"可知湿地是属于大自然的，所以是懂得了大自然的美，故选A。

3.A.precious珍贵的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing烦人的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据下句的"Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds．那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，造成的破坏已经赶走了许多鸟。"可知这样的现象是Molai不想看到的，故选C。

4.A.waste浪费；B.tension紧张；C.pain痛苦；D.damage毁灭；根据下半句的"causedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds．洪水造成了许多鸟类的迁徙。"可知这场洪水造成了鸟类的迁徙，所以可以称作是一次毁灭性的事故，故选D。

5.A.Besides除了；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。由下句"thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell．蛇的数量也减少了。"可知上文说这场洪水使得鸟类迁徙，并且除了这些，蛇的数量也减少了，故选A。

6.A.agreed同意；B.realized意识；C.remembered记住；D.predicted预测。由后半句"itwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthem．那是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们。"可知Molai意识到这场灾难的原因是没有足够的树木保护动物，故选B。

7.A.noise噪音；B.heat热量；C.disease疾病；D.dust灰尘。根据上文"Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds．那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，造成的破坏已经赶走了许多鸟。"可知是由于没有足够的树木帮它们抵挡热量，故选B。

8.A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter庇护所。根据"itwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthem．那是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们。"可知是让它们在白天寻找避难所，故选D。

9.A.labor劳工；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance金融。根据下文的"forhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere．去寻求帮助但是被告知在这里不能种植东西。"可知他应该是去寻求和种植有关的部门，故选C。

10.A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发现；C.left离开；D.managed管理。根据本句的"Molaiwentlookingonhisown．Molai自己去寻找。"和"wherehebegantoplanttrees．他开始在那里种树。"可知被告知此处无法种树后开始自己寻找地方种树，所以他发现了一个地方然后在那个地方自己植树造林，故选B。

11.A.Decorating装饰；B.Observing观察；C.Watering浇水；D.Guarding守卫。根据"inthedryseason在干旱的季节"以及前文"wherehebegantoplanttrees．他开始在那里种树。"可知他在干旱的季节时需要给树的幼苗浇水，故选C。

12.A.tough强硬的、困难的；B.illegal不合法的；C.fantastic奇妙的；D.beneficial有益的。根据"foraloneboy．对于一个孤单的男孩来说，"可知对于一个男孩来说在干旱的季节给每天都给树的幼苗浇水是很困难的，故选A。

13.A.back背部；B.top顶部；C.foot脚部；D.side一旁。根据下文的"platform（平台）"以及"whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater．Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow．他在那里放了一个带小洞的陶罐来收集雨水，然后水就会滴落在下面的植物上。"可知这个平台应该是放在了植物的顶部，然后收集的雨水才能滴落在植物上面，故选B。

14.A.cooldown冷却；B.keepoff远离；C.purify净化；D.collect。收集；根据"Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow．然后水就会滴落在下面的植物上。"可知雨水应该是被这个平台收集起来然后逐渐的滴落到植物上，故选D。

15.A.returned返回；B.learned学习；C.failed失败；D.continued继续。根据最后一句"Hiseffortshaveresultedin1，360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals．他的努力已使1360英亩的自然生长的土地成为许多动植物的家园。"可知Molai一直坚持种树，最后使得这片土地成为许多动植物的家园，故选D。

36.【答案】【小题1】wealthy【小题2】or【小题3】formed【小题4】which/that【小题5】arecalled【小题6】is【小题7】themselves【小题8】walking【小题9】accuracy【小题10】for

【解析】1.句意：在18世纪和19世纪，有钱人旅行和收集植物，历史文物和艺术作品。people是名词，要用形容词修饰作定语，故填wealthy．

2.句意：他们把他们的藏品放在家里，直到它变得太大或者它们死掉。untilitgottoobig和untiltheydied之间是选择关系，故填or．

3.句意：例如：汉斯•斯隆爵士收集的80000件物品形成了于1759年开业的大英博物馆的核心藏品。根据时间状语in1759，要用一般过去时，故填formed．

4.句意：例如：汉斯•斯隆爵士收集的80000件物品形成了于1759年开业的大英博物馆的核心藏品。先行词theBritishMuseum在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which/that，故填which/that．

5.句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分叫做画廊或房间。parts与call之间是动宾关系，且表示一般事实，要用一般现在时的被动语态。主语parts是复数，助动词用复数形式are，故填arecalled．

6.句意：通常，博物馆的藏品只有一小部分展出。part与be之间是主谓关系，且表示一般事实，要用一般现在时。主语part是单数，be动词用单数形式is。故填is．

7.句意：游客可以玩电脑模拟和想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期或者在雨林中漫步。主语和宾语为同一个人，用反身代词themselves作宾语，故填themselves．

8.句意：游客可以玩电脑模拟和想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期或者在雨林中漫步。imagine后接动词时用动名词形式，livingatadifferenttimeinhistory和walkingthrougharainforest产并列的动名词短语，故填walking．

9.句意：历史的准确性很重要，娱乐也很重要。句中缺少主语，用名词作主语。accuracy是不可数名词。故填accuracy．

10.句意：博物馆必须与其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。competefor（为……）争夺；竞争，是固定搭配，故填for．

37.【答案】

ACross-CountryRunningRace

LastSundaywitnessedanextraordinarycross-countryrunningrace,whichnearlydrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacherofourschool.

Thestudentsselectedfromeveryclasstookpartinthecompetition.Theroutemeasuredfivekilometers,fromourschoolgatetothefootofNanshanMountain.Everyrunnertriedtheirbesttofinishthetask,withtheirclassmatesalongthewaygivingthemnecessarilyhelpaswellasencouragement.Atlast,alltherunnersmanagedtoarrivethefinishline,receivingcheersfromallthedirections.

Theactivitywashighlyspokenof,becausenotonlydiditprovidechanceforustoexercise,butalsomadeusmorecohesive.

【解析】【思路点拨】

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