牛津版英语八年级上册Unit7知识点讲解与练习(无答案)

牛津版英语八年级上册Unit7Memory只言片语记忆力__________角__________丧失__________改进__________提到__________方法__________拼写__________大脑__________可笑的__________英里__________字母__________值得__________拼写__________除非__________困难__________清单__________步骤__________循环__________类似的__________纸币__________钱包__________篮；筐__________经理__________提取____________________涌出____________________说文解字1.Agreatwaytohelpyouremembersomethingistoimagineapictureofitinyourmind.不定式tohelpyouremembersth作way的后置定语，修饰agreatwaye.g.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthequestion?Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?MywishtovisitFrancehascometrueatlast.helpsbwithsth在某方面帮助某人helponeself（to）请自便withthehelpof在......方面帮助某人Can’thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事e.g.Jimoftenhelpsmewithmaths.imagine想象+名词、动名词、从句e.g.Wecan’timaginelifewithoutanyhardships.运用:(1)我有很多工作要做___________________________________________(2)---DoyouknowNeilArmstrong?---Yes.Heisthefirstman_______onthemoon.A.walkB.walksC.towalkD.walked(3)It’shardtoimagineworkinginaplacelikethat.(英译汉)Ifyoumakethepicturebig,strangeorsilly，youwillrememberitbetter.（1）if引导的条件状语从句，条件状语从句中的动词多用一般现在时，主句中的动词多用一般将来时，即主将从现原则Ishallgoifsheasksme.make+sth+adj形容词作宾语补足语makesbdosth.让某人做某事remembertodosth记得去做某事rememberdoingsth记得做过某事Thismakesitthelongestwordintheworld.当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：Ifinditdifficulttodothejobwell.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.Wethinkitnousecomplaining.Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.4.Remember：apictureisworthathousandwords.记住：一副图画，值1000个单词。beworth+Ving值得......的e.g.Thishouseisworthalotofmoney.Thefilmisworthseeing.这个茶杯值30元____________________________________5.Agoodmethodforrememberingthespellingofawordistomakeashortsentencewitheachotheroftheword.amethodfor+Ving一个做......的方法（2）不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组时，或以what引导的名词性分句，不定式说明主语的内容。6.Forexample,toremembertheword”smiles”,wecanimaginethereisa“mile”betweenthefirstletterandthelastletter.（1）between...and...两者之间。（2）to=inorderto表目的“为了”7.Forexample,ifyouwanttorememberhowtospelltheword”because”,......疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，句中作主语、宾语、表语等。WhentoleaveforLondonhasnotbeendecidedyet.（不定式在句子中做主语）Mr.Smithdidn'tknowwhethertoleaveorstaythere.（不定式在句子中做宾语）IaskedProfessorXuhowtolearnEnglishwell.（不定式在句子中做直接宾语）Thequestionwaswheretogetthemedicineneeded.（不定式在句子中表语）Youwillforgetsomethingveryquicklyunlessyouunderstanditwell.如果你没有理解的话，你很快就会忘记它。（1）Unless=if...not引导条件状语从句“如果不；除非”，也要遵循“主将从现”原则e.g.Unlesshestudiedhard,hewillneverpasstheexams.除非我叫你，你不要离开这栋房子________________________________________forgettodosth忘记去做某事forgetdoingsth忘记做了某事e.g.Sorry,Iforgottobringthebook.(对不起，我忘了带书了。)Iforgotborrowingabookfromyou.（我忘记曾经向你借过书这件事）Forgetquicklyunderstandwell副词修饰动词9.It’seasiertorememberthesestepsifyouunderstandhowthewatercycleworks.动词不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语，而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之后。如：It'snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.(=Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.)学好一门外语不容易。在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，作不定式的逻辑主语。如：It'sdifficultforustofinishthework.对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。It'shardformetoansweryourquestion.要我回答你的问题很难。但是，如果表语是kind,nice,right,wrong,clever,polite等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加一个of引起的短语。如：It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你能帮我，真好。语法：if/unless引导的条件状语从句If引导的条件状语句◆◆引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if。if引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种（非真实条件句会在以后的虚拟语气中阐述），其引导的真实条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。1)如果if条件句讲述自然规律，肯定会发生的事情或客观事实，主句和if从句都用一般现在时态。（主现从现）Eg:Ifyoutakeafishoutofwater,itdies.如果把鱼从水中拿出，它会死。2)

在if引导的条件状语从句中，谈论将来可能出现的情况时，主句一般将来时态祈使句+if从句（一般现在时态）情态动词（主现从现）Ifyouputapieceofpaperintowater,itgetswet.如果你把一张纸放进水中，它会变湿。（主将从现）I’llbuyacarifIhaveenoughmoney.如果我有足够的钱，我会买一辆车。（主祈从现）Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心。Putupyourhandifyouhaveanyquestionstoask.如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。(主情从现)IfIgetthereearly,Icanseethedoctorquickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快点看病。【注意】此处if引导的从句，还可由when，assoonas(一…就…),（not）…until（直到…才），unless(除非)来引导。Eg:Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelightarered.当红灯亮时，交通必须停止。Iwillgohomeassoonasitstopsraining.雨一停我就回家。Pleasedon’tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriendcomesback.请不要离开直到你朋友回来。Unless引导的条件状语从句◆◆unless引导的条件状语从句：unless=if…not“除非,如果不”①Let'sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.=Ifyouarenottootied,let'sgooutforawalk.我们出去散步吧，除非你太累②Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.=Ifyoudon’tstartearlier,youwillfailtoarrivethereintime.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。③Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.=Ifitdoesn’train,thegamewillbeplayed.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。④Mybabysisternevercriesunlesssheishungry.=Mybabysisternevercriesifsheisn’thungry.我的妹妹不会乱哭，除非她饿了。◆◆位置：由if引导的条件状语从句，可放在主句前面或后面。Eg:Ifwegotothebeach,weneedtotakesuncream.=Weneedtotakesuncreamifwegotothebeach.如果我们去海滩，我们需要带上防晒霜。一、用if或unless填空。1.______hewantstoseeme,youcantellhimtowait,2.______itsnowstomorrow,we'llhaveadayortwooff.3.Wewon'tgotohisparty______heinvitesus.4.Sheissuretopasstheexamination______sheisill.5.I'lltakethatcomputer______Ihaveenoughmoney.6.______mygrandmawearsglasses,shecanseebetter.7.Iwon'tbuythatbackpack______itcostslessthan￥20.8.______I'mtired,I'llhavearestfortea.二、用所给词的正确形式填空。1.Ifhe__________(get)alowmarkinthetest,he__________(study)harder;2.Ifyou__________(swim)everydaythissummer,you__________(be)veryhealthy.3.Ifhe__________(nothurry),he__________(notsee)thebeginningofthematch.4.Youcan'tgooutunlessyou__________(finish)yourhomework.5.UnlessIsavemymoneycarefully,I__________(notbe)abletobuyafootball.6.Ifit__________(notrain)tomorrow,we__________(go)tothepark.7.Ifhe__________(return)totheschool,I__________(let)youknow.养兵千日第一节语法选择_____1______yearsago,peopledidn’tknow_____2______tomakeafire.Whenitwasverycold_____3______night,theycouldn’tsleepvery_____4______.Sometimeslighting(闪电)hitaforestand_____5______afire.Atfirstpeoplewerebothsurprised_____6______frightened(害怕的)toseethefire.Theywereafraid_____7______out.Laterafewbravementooksomeofthisfireandmadeafirenear_____8______homes.Theyusedthefiretokeepthem_____9______.Whentheyhadafire,theydidn’tletit_____10______burning(燃烧).Ifitstopped,theycouldn’tstartagain.Maybetheyhadto_____11______foralongtime,sometimesforhours.Latertheylearnthowtomakeafire_____12______piecesofwoodandstones.Nowwe_____13______matches(火柴).Wecanputtheminourpocketand_____14______afirewhenwewant_____15______it.Butwehavetobecarefulwithfire.1.A.ThousandofB.ThousandsofC.TwothousandsD.Twothousand2.A.whatB.whyC.howD.where3.A.atB.inC.onD.for4.A.well

B.good

C.better

D.best5.A.start

B.starts

C.started

D.starting6.A.or

B.and

C.but

D.so7.A.goingB.goC.togoingD.togo8.A.them

B.they

C.their

D.themselves9.A.warm

B.warmly

C.thewarmest

D.mostwarmly10.A.stops

B.stopping

C.stop

D.tostop11.A.waitB.waitsC.waiting

D.waited12.A.by

B.in

C.on

D.with13.A.has

B.have

C.had

D.having14.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.makes15.A.making

B.makes

C.tomake

D.made二、完形填空Anoldmanlivedaloneinatown.Hewantedtodiguphispotatogarden,butitwasvery___16____work.Hisonlyson,whoalways___17____himinthepast,wastheninprison（监狱）.Sotheoldmanwrotealettertohissonandsaid:Dearson,IamfeelingprettybadbecauseitlookslikeIwon'tbeableto_____18______potatoesinmygardenthisyear.I_____19______tomissdoingitbecauseyourmotheralwayslovedplantingtime.I'mjustgettingtoooldtodigupagarden.Ifyouwerehere,allmy_____20______wouldbeover.Iknowyouwoulddigupthegardenforme_____21______youweren'tinprison.Love,DadSoontheoldman_____22______aletter,"Dad,don'tdigupthegarden!That'swhereIburied（埋藏）theguns!”At4a.m.thenextmorning,some_____23______cameanddugupthewholegardenwithoutfindinganygun.Theoldmanwas_____24______andwroteanothernotetohisson.Hetoldhimwhathadhappened,and_____25______himwhattodonext.Hisson'sreplywas,"Goaheadandplantyourpotatoes,Dad.It'sthebestIcoulddoforyoufromhere.”16.A.hard

B.interesting

C.simple

D.boring17.A.taught

B.helped

C.changed

D.stopped18.A.cook

B.dig

C.put

D.plant19.A.hope

B.forget

C.hate

D.decide20.A.trouble

B.illness

C.danger

D.fear21.A.if

B.unless

C.because

D.when22.A.wrote

B.received

C.sent

D.read23.A.friends

B.neighbors

C.policemen

D.prisoners24.A.ill

B.lucky

C.surprised

D.sorry25.A.told

B.called

C.invited

D.asked三、阅读理解ASomepeoplesay,“Extremesportsaresodangerous．Whywouldanyonewanttodothem?”Butthedangeriswhatmakesthemsoexciting.Keepreadingtofindoutaboutthemostpopularones．Bungeejumping：PeopleonsomeSouthPacificislandshavebeenbungeejumpingforhundredsofyears．In1979,somepeoplebungeejumpedoffabridgeinEnglandandmadethesportpopulararoundtheworld．BungeejumpingcametoChinain1996．Skateboarding：Atfirst，thissportwascalled“sidewalksurfing”.Skateboardersoftenjumphighintotheair，godownstepsorslide（滑行）downrailsontheirboards.Theywearbaggytrouserssotheycanmovemorefreely．Skydiving：Thisisprobablythescariestextremesport．Skydiversjumpoutofairplanesaboutfourkilometersupinthesky．Theyusuallyfreefallforawhileandthenopenaparachutetoslowdownforasafelanding．Snowboarding：ThisbecameawinterOlympicsportin1998．Peopletiedtheirfeettotheboardwithspecialshoes．Theydon'tuseanyskisticks．Then，theyridedownhills,jumphighanddotricks．26.Whatmadebungeejumpingpopularallovertheworld?A.Ahistoryofhundredsofyears

B.JumpingoverariverinEnglandC.ComingtoChinain1996

D.JumpingoverabridgeinBritain27.Inwhichsportsdopeoplejumpfromaplaneoffromahighplace?A.Bungeejumping.

B.skydivingC.skateboarding.

D.Snowboarding28.WhichsporthasbecomeaWinterOlympicsport?A.Bungeejumping.

B.Skateboarding.C.Skydiving.

D.Snowboarding.29.Whydosomepeopleliketodotheextremesports?A.It’sexcitingandsafe.B.It’sdangerousbutexciting.C.It’sscaryandsafe.D.It’sscarytolearn.30.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderword“extreme”(paragraphone)mean?A.危险的

B.紧张的C.极限的

D.兴奋的B“Nomanisanisland”isawell-knownlinefromJohnDonne’sDevotion(约翰多恩的奉献-诗集).Itwaswrittenmorethanthreehundredyearsago.Evennowpeoplestillagreewithhim.Noonecanliveacompletelyisolatedlife.Withoutotherpeople,lifewillbecomeemptyandsad.Weallneedtohavefriends.Forsomeofus,althoughmakingfriendsisnotdifficult,feelingshy,wemaynotwanttomakethefirstmove.Itisalsodifficultattimestokeepthefriendswealreadyhave.Therearemanybooksaboutfriendship,butDaleCarnegie’sHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,writtenin1936,isthemostfamous.Ithasbeensoldmillionsofcopiesandputinto28languages.Dale’sadviceseemstobesimple,butitcanhelpyou.Doyouneedtochangethewayyouact?Hereisthelistofadvicefromhisbook:1.Befriendlyandpolite.Alwaysgreetwithasmile.Remembertosay“Thankyou”andtrytobeashelpfulasyoucan.2.Gooutofyourwaytobenice.Findsometimetodospecialthingsforotherpeople.Makingsomesoupforasickneighbourmayseemlikealittlethingtoyou,butitwillmakeyourneighborfeelalotbetter.3.Remembernames.Theysaythatthesweetestmusictoaperson’searsisthesoundofhisorherownname.4.Beopen-minded.Trytounderstandotherpeople’swaysandideasandlearnsomethingfromthem.5.Listenpatiently.Whensomeoneistalkingtoyou,lookathimorher,listencarefullyandsaysomethingwhennecessary.31.Theunderlinedsentence“Noonecanliveacompletelyisolatedlife.”means“___________”.A.Noonecanliveahardlife.

B.Noonecanlivealone.C.Noonecanlivewithoutdifficulty.

D.Noonecanliveonanisland.32.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Suggestionsaboutmakingfriends

B.AshowaboutfriendshipC.Gettingtoknowothers

D.Adviceonhowtobecomesmarter33.Howcanpeopleshowthattheyarefriendlyandpolite?A.Byrememberingothers’names.

B.Byunderstandingotherpeople’sideas.C.Byalwayssmilingatothers.

D.Bylookingatotherswhentheyaretalking.34.Whyisitdifficultforsomepeopletomakefriends?A.Becausetheirlivesareemptyandsad.B.Becausetheyaretoooldtomakefriends.C.Becausetheydon’twanttomakethefirststep.D.Becausetheydon’twanttomoveoutoftheisland.35.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutDaleCarnegie’sbook?A.Ithasfivechapters.

B.Itwaswrittenin1963.C.ItcanonlybereadinEnglish.

D.Ithasbeenboughtbymillionsofpeople.阅读填空Streetartisaverypopularformofartthatisverypopularallovertheworld.36.Nowevenartmuseumsandgalleries(画廊)arecollectingtheworksofstreetartists.Peopleoftenhavedifferentopinionsaboutstreetart.37.othersthinkitisaverybeautifulnewformofculture.Inthestreetartworld,graffiti(涂鸦)canbethemostpopular.ItbaganinNewYorkinthe1980s.Firstsomeyoungpeoplepaintedwordsandimagesonthewall.Theyfoundthepaintingscouldshowtheirdisagreementaboutsociety.38.Streetartistsdothisfordifferentreasons.Someofthemthinktheyareclosertothepeople.39.InToday’sworldtheInternethasabiginfluenceonstreetart.40.Thestreetartmovementliveswiththeenergyandlifeofabigcity,soitwillcontinuetochangeandgrow.Youcanfinditonbuildings,sidewalks,streetsigns.Somethinkitisakindofdestruction(破坏).Otherstryshowingtheirpoliticalopinions.Later,thiscolorful,energeticstyleofwritingbecameknownasgraffiti.E.Artistscanshowtheirpicturestotheaudienceallovertheworldinashorttime.四、写作第一节首字母填空41.Doyouwanttoi________yourstudylevel?