牛津译林版2020高一英语-必修一-Unit1-Back-to-school-知识点学案

学生姓名：辅导内容：U1教学目标：重点单词：focus/detail/base/remind/aim/proposal/exchange/contribution重点短语：asaresultof重点句型：【同步知识梳理】知识点1：focusn.焦点，重点，中心点用法解析及拓展：课文原句：Settinggoalsgivesyouafocusinlife.设定目标会让你的生活有重点。例：Ourmainfocusisonhelpingpeoplegetbackintowork.我们关注的重点是帮助人们再就业。vt.&vi.(把…)集中于；调节（…的）焦距；使聚焦常用搭配：focuson集中（注意力，精力等）于focusone’sattentiononsth.把某人的注意力集中到某事上近义短语：centeron（注意力）集中到（=becentredon）concentrate…on把注意力集中于，全神贯注于fixone’sattention/eyes/mindon把注意力/双眼/思想集中于…上（常用语被动语态）例题训练：Withtheattention_______(focus)onthetask,theyhadnotimetotakepartintheparty.focused知识点2：detailn.细节，具体情况，详情用法解析及拓展：课文原句：Torealizeyourgoals,youneedtohaveagoodplan,manageyourtimewellandpayattentiontodetails.为了实现你的目标，你需要有一个好的计划，管理好你的时间，并关注细节。常用搭配：indetail详细地（放在句末做状语）gointodetail(s)详细叙述forfurtherdetails欲知详情例：Forfurtherdetails,youcanreadthenextchapterfirst.知识点3：asaresultof由于用法解析及拓展：课文原句：Asaresultofyouraction,yourdreamwillcometrueandhopefullyyouwillliveahappylife.有了你的行动，你的梦想就会实现，你也有希望过上幸福的生活。特别注意：asaresult“结果，因此”，单独做状语例：Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.结果，人类形成了至今仍存在的一系列的性格类型。拓展：resultin+结果，导致，造成resultfrom+原因（由…而）造成例句：Thetalksresultedinreducingthenumberofmissiles.Wearestilldealingwithproblemsresultingfromerrorsmadeinthepast.例题训练：Jennynearlymissedtheflightasaresult_______doingtoomuchshopping.Hisfailureresulted_________notworkinghardenough.of;from知识点4：basevt.以…为基础（依据）n.根据，基础，基地，总部，大本营，底部用法解析及拓展：课文原句：Instead,youshouldsetgoalsbasedonyourabilitiesandskills.相反，你应该基于你的能力和技巧来定目标。常用搭配：bebasedon/upon以…为根据/基础例：Beinganimportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.=Basedonemotionratherthanonreason,yourimportantdecisionwillmakeyouregretfulsoonerorlater.把重要的决定建立在情感之上，而不是理性之上，你早晚要后悔的。联想词：basicadj.基本的，基础的，根本的basicallyadv.基本的，从跟本上说basisn.基础（pl.）bases例题训练：________(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.Basing知识点5：remindvt.提醒,使想起用法解析及拓展：课文原句：Thiswillremindyouofwhatyouareworkingforandkeepyoufocused.这会让你想到你再为什么而努力并且让你精力集中。常见用法：remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事，是某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that提醒某人….例：Thepictureswillremindmeofthedayswhenwewereinourhometown.这些照片让我想起我们在故乡的日子。Ihavetoremindmyselfthatsomebirdsaren’tmeanttobecaged.Theirfeathersarejusttoobright.我得经常提醒自己，有些鸟儿是关不住的，他们的羽毛太鲜亮了。例题训练：Theletterwasanuncomfortable__________(remind)ofmydebts.reminder知识点6：proposalproposevt.提议；建议suggestion/recommendation/advice（同义词）用法解析及拓展：原文：Proposalforanewclub成立新俱乐部的提议、◆n.提议，建议，动议；求婚putforward/comeupwithaproposal提出建议makeaproposal提出建议；求婚propose(doing)sth.提议(做)某事proposethat…（should）do提议/建议…做①How

could

you

make

a

proposal

without

a

ring?

你怎么可以去求婚而不带上戒指呢？②He

was

thefirst

person

to

propose

the

construction

of

thebridge.

他是第一个提议建这座桥的人。③Sheproposedthatthebookshouldbebanned.

她提议查禁这本书例题训练：①He

__________________

which

wasworth

consideration.

他提出一项值得考虑的建议②_________________

paythemoneyfrompublicfunds.

有人提议用公款支付这笔钱。③Hisproposalthatthesystem_______________wasrejected.

他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。

【答案】①put

forward

a

proposal②Itwasproposedto③shouldbechanged知识点7：aimn.目的，目标，瞄准用法解析及拓展：课文原句：Clubaim:Toimproveshortstorywritingskills.俱乐部目的：提高短篇故事的写作技巧。常用搭配：takeaimat瞄准，批评；achieveone’saim达到某人的目的withtheaimof…目的是例：Teamworkisrequiredinordertoachievetheseaims.完成这些目标需要团队合作。②vi.&vt.力争做到，目的是，针对，瞄准常用搭配：aimtodosth.力争做到某事aimat瞄准，目的在于，针对beaimedatdoingsth.旨在做某事例：Inaword,theprogrammeraimstoencouragestudentstobeactivecitizensandengagethemselvesinmakingadifferenceinsociety.总之，这个计划的目的是鼓励学生们成为积极的市民并让他们在社会中发挥作用。Thisactivityisaimedatimprovingthestudents’abilityoflisteningandspeaking.这项活动的目的是为了提高学生的听说能力。例题训练：We

teenagers

should_______________

something

useful

tothe

society.

我们青年人应该以为社会做贡献为目标。What

________________

in

New

Year?

在新的一年里你的目标是什么？③She

wentto

London

__________________a

job.

她去伦敦是为了找工作。①

aim

at

contributing②do

you

aim

to

do③with

the

aim

of

finding知识点8：exchangen.交换，交流，兑换用法解析及拓展：课文原句：Lastyear,IhadthechancetostudyataBritishsecondaryschoolasanexchangestudent.去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国的一所中学学习。常用搭配：inexchangefor…例：Itisillegalforapublicofficialtoaskpeopleforgiftsormoneyinexchangeforfavorstothem.公务人员为某些人提供便利以换取礼品或金钱的行为是非法的。②vt.交换，交流，兑换常见搭配：exchangesth.withsb.和某人交换某物exchangeAforB用A换B例：Ifthecoursefailstoprovidecompletesatisfactiontoyou,youcaneasilyexchangeitforanyothercoursethatweoffer.如果课程不能让您十分满意，您可以轻松将其换成我们提供的其他任何课程。例题训练：①I’venever______________________

thosemoms.

我从来没和那些妈妈们说过话。

②Would

you

like

my

old

TV

______________________________?

用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？①exchangedwordswith②in

exchange

for

this

camera知识点9：alarmn.闹钟，恐慌，警报，警报器用法解析及拓展：课文原句：IlikeitsomuchthatIstilluseitasmyalarm！我如此喜欢它以至于我仍然在用它作为我的闹钟！常用搭配：inalarm惊恐地（常用作状语）raise/soundthealarm发出警报afire/smokealarm防火/烟雾警报器analarmclock闹钟analarmsystem警报系统例：Iturnedinalarmasthewindblewthedooropen.风把门吹开，我惊慌地转过头看。②vt.使惊恐，使害怕例：ThisisanunfortunateaspectoftheInternetthatalarmsme.这是英特网一个不利的方面，使我有些不安。联想词：alarmedadj.担忧的，恐慌的bealarmedby/atsth.因某事而恐慌bealarmedtodosth.做某事而感到恐慌例：Iwasalarmedtoseethemencarryingguns.看到那些人带着枪我感到很恐慌。②alarmingadj.令人担忧的，令人恐慌的例：Asweallknow,withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,theearth’sresourcesarerunningoutatanalarmingrate,soweshouldmakegooduseofthem.众所周知，随着科技的发展，地球的资源正在以惊人的速度消耗着，因此我们应该充分利用它们。例题训练：①__________________inthemiddleofthenight

.

半夜里一辆汽车的警报器突然响了起来 ②She

shrieked____________

when

she

saw

themouse.

她看见老鼠时惊恐地尖声喊叫起来。③Our

countryside

isdisappearing

_________________.

我们的农村地区正在以惊人的速度消亡。①Acar

alarmwentoff

②in

alarm③at

an

alarming

rate知识点10：contributionn.贡献，捐款，捐赠，稿件用法解析及拓展：课文原句：ClassdiscussionisveryimportantintheUK,butIcouldnotmakemuchofacontributionbecausesometimesIwasn’tabletoexpressmyselfclearlyinEnglish.课堂讨论在英国很重要，但我做不了多少贡献，因为有时候我无法清楚地用英语表达自己的想法。◆n.贡献；捐赠；捐款；投稿contributeto有助于；导致，促成；contribute…to…向…投稿/捐赠make(great)contributionsto对…做出(巨大的)贡献①Wecontributed￡5000totheearthquakefund.

我们向地震基金捐赠了5000英镑。②The

three

sons

also

contribute

to

thefamily

business.

3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。③

LearningEnglish

makes

contributions

to

one's

development

to

someextent.

英语也为个人发展做出一定得贡献。联想词：contributevi&vt.捐献，捐赠；（给报纸，杂志）撰稿，投稿vi.促成contributorn.投稿人，捐款人，促成者例题训练：①We'renot

sayingthat

everyone

needsto

___________________________.

我们并不是要每个人都必须为穷人奉献生命。②I

believethat

each

of

us

can

______________the

future

of

the

world.

我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。②I

persuadedmyselfthat

Icould

_______________________________.

我相信我能为祖国作出贡献。①contribute

their

lives

to

thepoor ②contribute

to③make

contributions

to

themotherland知识点11：fortunately用法解析及拓展：原文：Fortunately,myteachersandclassmateswerealwayshelpfulandgavemelotsofencouragement.幸运的是，我的老师和同学们一直乐于助人，给了我很多鼓励。（教材P12）◆adv.幸运的；辛亏makeafortunate发财tryone’sfortunate碰运气befortunatein在某方面幸运befortunatetodosth.有幸做某事①I

waslate,

but

fortunately

themeeting

hadn't

started.

我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。②I

was

fortunate

to

be

oneof

the

lucky

user.

我有幸成为幸运网友之一。③We

became

companionsin

misfortune.

我们成了患难之交。联想词：fortunen.财富；命运；运气fortunateadj.adj.幸运的;吉利的misfortunen.不幸unfortunateadj.unfortunatelyadv.知识点12：attractvt.吸引，使喜欢，招引，引起（反应）用法解析及拓展：例：TheonethatattractedmemostwastheRugbyclub.最吸引我的是英式橄榄球俱乐部。常见搭配：attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意attractsb.tosth.吸引某人关注某物例：ProfessorDavidWilsonthinksthatitcanattractthepolice’sattentiontogroupbehavior.戴维·威尔逊教授认为它可以吸引警察关注群体行为。联想词：attractionn.吸引力，有吸引力的事，向往的地方touristattraction风景区attractiveadj.有吸引力的知识点13：过去分词作状语原文：Instead,youshouldsetgoalsbasedonyourabilitiesandskills.相反，你应该根据你的能力和技能来设定目标。用法解析及拓展： 本句中“basedonyourabilitiesandskills”是过去分词作方式状语。过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果等。①Asked(Whenhewasasked)whathadhappened,hisfaceturnedred.（时间状语）当他被问及发生了什么的时候，他的脸红了。②Frightened(Becauseshewasfrightened)bythehorrormovie,thegirldidn'tdaretosleepalone.（原因状语）因为被惊悚电影吓坏了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。③Grown(Iftheseseedsaregrown)inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.（条件状语）如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。④Left(Althoughhewasleft)athome,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.（让步状语）虽然John被单独留在房间里,他一点都不害怕。⑤Shewalkedoutofthehouse,(andshewas)followedbyherlittledaughter.（伴随状语）她走出房子，后面跟着她小女儿。例题训练：①_________________,waterchangesintosteam.当加热时，水变成水蒸气。②________________whathedid(Becausetheteacherwassatisfiedwith...),theteacherpraisedhiminclass.由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。③______________inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。④________________ahundredtimes,hestillcan’tunderstandit.即使给他解释一百篇，她还是不会明白。⑤Shesatbythewindow,______inthought.①Whenheated②Satisfiedwith③Grown④Explained⑤lost知识点14：so…that…引导结果状语从句原文：IlikeitsomuchthatIstilluseitasmyalarm！我是那么的喜欢它以至于我仍然拿它当闹钟！用法解析及拓展：例：ThestoneissoheavythatIcan‘tliftitup.Thisissoimportantameetingthatyoushouldattendit.

Thereweresomanypeopleinthestreetwatchingthefirethatfirefighterscouldnotgetclosetothebuilding.备注：sothat也可以连在一起使用；可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句；引导目的状语从句相当于“inorderthat”①She

burned

theletters

so

that

her

husband

wouldnever

read

them.②You'veadjusted

the

microscope

so

that

it

reflects!

such…that…中such常用来修饰名词，具体形式如下：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句such+adj.+可数名词复数+that从句①Sheissuchagoodteacherthatallofusloveandrespecther.②ItwassuchbadweatherthatIhadtostayathome.③TheyaresuchinterestingbooksthatIwanttoreadthemoncemore.例题训练：他是如此聪明的一个孩子以至于老师们都很喜欢他①_________________________________________②_________________________________________①Heissocleverthatteacherslikehimverymuch.②Heissuchacleverboythatteacherslikehimverymuch.【同步语法梳理】句子成分和句子结构一．句子成分 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 指出下列句子中的主语及它的性质：①Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular. ②oftenspeakEnglishinclass. ③One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls. ④Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure. ⑤Smokingdoesharmtothehealth. ⑥Therichshouldhelpthepoor. ⑦WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.①countrymusic（名词）②We（代词）③One-third（数词）④Toswim（不定式）⑤Smoking（动名词）⑥Therich（名词化的形容词）⑦WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtest（主语从句）2．谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.3.表语表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。指出下列句子中的表语及它的性质：①OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican. ②Isityours? ③Theweatherhasturnedcold. ④Thespeechisexciting. ⑤Threetimessevenistwentyone? ⑥HisjobistoteachEnglish. ⑦Hishobbyisplayingfootball. ⑧Themachinemustbeoutoforder. ⑨Timeisup.Theclassisover. ⑩Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.①American（名词）②yours（代词）③cold.（形容词）④exciting（分词）⑤twentyoneexciting（数词）⑥toteachEnglish（不定式）⑦playingfootball（动名词）⑧outoforder（介词短语）⑨up/over.（副词）⑩thathehasneverbeenabroad（表语从句）4.宾语宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。指出下列句子中的宾语及它的性质：①Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday. ②Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime. ③Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive. ④Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday. ⑤Hepretendednottoseeme. ⑥Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic. ⑦Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.①exhibition（名词）②me（代词）③five（数词）④theold（名词化形容词）⑤nottoseeme（不定式短语）⑥listeningtopopularmusic（动名词短语）⑦listeningtopopularmusic（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.5.宾语补足语英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。指出下列句子中的宾补及它的性质：①HisfathernamedhimDongming.②Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.③Letthefreshairin.④Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.⑤Wesawherenteringtheroom.⑥Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.⑦Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.Dongming（名词）②white（形容词）③in（副词））④tolendhismoneytoyou（不定式短语）⑤enteringtheroom（现在分词）⑥ingoodorder（介词短语）⑦whatyourcityisnow（从句）6.定语修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。指出下列句子中的定语及它的性质： ①Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词） ②Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry. ③Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool. ④HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised. ⑤Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom. ⑥Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout. ⑦HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.①beautiful（形容词）②developing/developed（代词）③women（名词）④His（代词）⑤toentertheclassroom（不定式短语）⑥teaching（动名词）⑦abouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）7.状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示： Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组） Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语） Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短语） Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语） Waitaminute.（名词） Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）指出下列句子中的状语以及其种类: ①Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语） ②Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因状语） ③Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（条件状语） ④MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语） ⑤Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语） ⑥Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴随状语） ⑦Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语） ⑧Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果状语） ⑨Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（让步状语） ⑩Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）①atsix（时间状语）②becauseoftherain（原因状语）③ifitdoesn’train（条件状语）④onthethirdfloor（地点状语）⑤withgreatcare（方式状语）⑥withadictionaryinherhand.（伴随状语）⑦Inordertocatchupwiththeothers（目的状语）⑧hefellasleepimmediately（结果状语）⑨thoughsheisold（让步状语）⑩thanheis（比较状语）8.同位语对修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释。Tom,mybestfriend,leftforLondonyesterday.二．英语句子的基本结构英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：1：ＳＶ（主＋谓）2：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）3：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）4：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）5：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）1.主+谓（SV）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。例如：Thewaterisboiling.水开了。

Theyhavebeenwaitingthereforhours.他们一直在那儿等了数小时。

Thetrainwillleavesoon.火车就要开了。

2.主+谓+宾（SVO）

此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等例如：Tomhasabrother.汤姆有一个弟弟。

Theywantedtohavearest.他们想歇息一会儿。

Hesuccessfullycarriedouthisplan.他成功地实行了他的计划。3.主+谓+宾（SVO）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等例如：Tomhasabrother.汤姆有一个弟弟。

Theywantedtohavearest.他们想歇息一会儿。

Hesuccessfullycarriedouthisplan.他成功地实行了他的计划。4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（SVOO）

此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语："间接宾语"多由代词或名词充当；"直接宾语"，往往由名词充当。这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。例如：Hebroughtmeacoat.他给我带来一件大衣。

Passmethedictionary,please.请将词典递给我。

Ilendhimmybicycle.我把自行车借给他了。5.主+谓+宾+宾补（SVOC）此句型概括了这样一种情况：有些及物动词的后面有时常带复合宾语结构（即：宾语+宾语补足语）。在这一结构中，宾语补足语是对宾语"做什么"、"怎么样"等方面进行补充说明。例如：Weelectedhimourmonitor.我们选他当班长。Thenewsmademehappy.那消息使我很高兴。Weknowhimtobeanexpert.我们知道他是专家。Heheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.他听见有人在开门。Ifoundmyselfindark.我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。练习：指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语【精题精练精讲】一.单词拼写1.We'dbetter

discuss

everything

in

__________(细节)

before

we

workout

the

plan.2.The

photos__________(提醒)

us

that

we

all

appreciate

beauty.3.Your

_________(建议)

isbeing

actively

considered.

4.This

_________(技能)

is

useful

but

it

has

itslimitations.

5.His

_________(职业的)

career

startedat

Colgate

University.6.A

distinction

shouldbe

madebetweenthe

primary

and

_________(次要的)tasks.7.We

needto

promote

anopen

_________(交流)of

ideas

and

information.8.She

had

a

pretty

_________(艰难的)

childhood.9.He

madeaverypositive

_________(贡献)

tothe

success

of

the

project.10._________(幸运的是),

she

knew

atonce

what

todo.

11.Iwould

unhesitatingly

choose

thelatter

_________(选择).12.Films

with

big

stars

always

_________(吸引)great

attention.二.单句语法____________thebasisofpractice,thistheorywasgenerallyaccepted.Thevolunteerstriedtocalmthe____________(alarm)childrendown.Ididsomehouseworkforhiminexchange____________threemeansaday.____________(attract)bythesweetvoice,Iwalkedintotheoldhouse.His____________(contribute)totheworldwasreallyadmirable.His____________(propose)wasrefusedbyhisboss,whichmadehimalittlesad.Thegirldoesthreepart-timejobsaiming___________(pay)offherschoolloan.Mymotheroftenremindme___________(mind)mymannersinpublic.Theoldmanfelldown.____________(fortunate),somepassengershelpedhim.Whateverhappens,hewillstick__________hisgoalofenteringatopuniversity.一.单词拼写 1.detail 2.remind 3.proposal 4.fessional 6.secondary7.exchange8.tough9.contribution10.Fortunately11.option12.attract二.单句语法On2.alarmed3.for4.Aposal7.topay8.tomind9.Fortunately10.to七选五Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.

(1)

Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.

(2)

Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.

(3)

Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.

(4)

Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.

(5)

Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!1.根据空前的内容"生活忙碌没有时间锻炼"和空后的内容"晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处"，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中thenlistenup!（那么请仔细听！）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。2.根据上一句Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释，故选E。3.空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会一整天卡路里都在燃烧，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。4.根据此处缺一个主题句，空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。5.根据空后句子"Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的饮食。）"，A项（你将坚持你的饮食。）符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。【新三单词拓展】新三Lesson2【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆equal v.等于◆raise v.募集；筹（款）◆vicar n.牧师◆torchlight n.电筒光★equal v.等于AequalB与…相匹敌Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.beequalto+n:1.与…相匹敌2.有能力做某事to-介词eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.★raisev.募集；筹（款）raisemoney筹款raiseprice提高raiseahorse饲养raiseafamily供养raisewheet种植小麦raiseanarmy招募raiseashout发出喊声★vicar n.牧师★torchlight n.电筒光Lesson3【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆goddess n.女神◆archaeologist n.考古学家◆Aegean adj.爱琴海的◆explore v.考察，勘探◆promontory n.海角◆prosperous adj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的◆civilization n.文明◆storey n.楼层◆drainage n.排水◆worship n.崇拜◆sacred adj.宗教的，神圣的◆fragment n.碎片◆remains n.遗物，遗迹，废墟◆classical adj.（希腊罗马）古文化的◆reconstruct v.修复◆rest v.倚放，放置◆hip n.屁股，臀部◆full-length adj.（裙衣）拖地长的◆graceful adj.优雅的◆identity n.身份★goddessn.女神★archaeologistn.考古学家★Aegeanadj.爱琴海的★explorev.考察，勘探Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.explorationn.explorern.探险家★promontoryn.海角★prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的Ourfinanceisprosperous.thriving昌盛的，兴旺的booming蓬勃的，景气的flourishing繁茂的，健康的★civilizationn.文明highlevelofcivilization高度文明civilizev.★storeyn.楼层★drainagen.排水★worshipn.崇拜respect;admireWhodoyouworshipinthworld?warshipn.军舰战船★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的holyadj.神圣的，圣洁的solemnadj.庄严的，庄重的sacredmusic圣乐sacredpromise神圣的诺言★fragmentn.碎片★remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟★classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的classicalmusic古典音乐classicaleducation人文科学教育classicadj.第一流的Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.classicn.杰作，经典之作★reconstructv.修复re-重新，再次construct构造，建造，组织buildhouse造建筑物putupatentconstructasentenceconstructabrokenstatuaryerect:buildhighbuildingserectmonument建造纪念碑erectclocktower建造钟楼setup;establish;found建立Eg:setupstudents’unionestablishaschool/rulefoundacountryconstructionn.constructiveadj.有教育意义的constructorn.建设者★restv.倚放，放置★hipn.屁股，臀部[口]在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的Eg:Haryisarealhip.玛丽真是赶时髦Theguyisn’tahip.这家伙什么都不懂joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的Eg:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.shootfromthehip信口开河Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshotfromthehip.★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的afull-lengthdress★gracefuladj.优雅的agracefulladyelegant(behavier)★identityn.身份【能力拓展训练】阅读理解AAsasummerjob,IusedtodohouseworkforMr.Fleagle.WhenIenteredhishouse,Isawthatbookswerepiledup（堆积）likeasmallhill.Itwaslikealibrary,exceptwithnoordertothearrangement."Read,borrow,keep,orfindsomethingyoulike.Whatdoyouread?"Mr.Fleaglesaid."Idon'tknow."AndIdidn't.Igenerallyreadwhatwasinfrontofme,soIstartedtolookthroughthepilesofbooks.Iaskedhimtochooseabookforme."Youreallyreadallofthese?"Iasked."Thesearen'tmany,"Mr.Fleaglesaid,"Theyarenothing,justwhatI'vekepttheonesworthlookingatasecondtime."Afteramoment,hehandedmeadarkredhardcoverbook,fairlythick.Istartedtoreadthebookafterfinishinghousework,sittingoutdoorsonanuncomfortablekitchenchair.TranslatedfromFrench，thelanguagewassimple,impossibletoresist（抵挡）.Whentheeveninglightfinallyfailed，Imovedinsideandreadallthroughthenight.Thirtyyearslater,Istillremembertheexperience,Itwasmyfirstconnectionwiththeworldliterature,andIwasamazedbytheconnectedpoweranovelcouldcontain.Allinall,abook,ifitarrivesbeforeyouattherightmoment,intheproperseason,willchangethewayofallthatfollows.1.ThewriterthoughtthatMr.Fleaglewas______.A.strictandselfish B.honestbutrudeC.warm-heartedandfriendly D.strongbutlazy2.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecaninferthatMr.Fleagle______.A.readallthebookstwice B.readmorebooksthanhekeptC.didn'tdomuchreading D.likedreadingforeignbooks3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？______A.Weshouldalwaystakeadvicefromothers．B.Summerjobsarereallygoodforyoungpeople．C.Agoodbookcanchangethedirectionofourlife．D.Abookwithhardcoverisusuallyinterestingtoread．BCarloshadbeeninNewYorkforfivemonthsandhedetestedit.Hewouldneverforgetthedaywhentheplanelanded.Hisparentshadbigsmilesontheirfacesastheydiscussedthewonderfulnewlifetheywouldhaveinthisgreatcity.Hisoldersisterandbrotherstaredinwonderandexcitementatthebuildings.UncleMiguelandAuntEsperanzathoughtofthegoodjobstheywouldget.

GrandmotherandGrandfathertoldhimwhataluckyboyhewastocometothiswonderfulcity.ButCarloswaslonely.Thecitylookedbig,cold,anddirtytohim.

Theylivedinanapartment(公寓)inManhattan.Therewerestoresandcinemasclosetotheirhome.But,Carlosdidn'twantthesethings.HelovedhishomeinthecountryinPuertoRico;helovedthegreenfields,thehotsun,andthelovelybeaches.

Hedidn'twanttogotoschoolbecauseitmadehimthinkofhisfriendsathome.Andhedidn'twanttolearnanewlanguagethat,couldneverdescribetheworldasbeautifullyashisown.

Hebegantogodowntothedock(码头),becausethismadehimfeelclosertoPuertoRico.Hesat