幼师英语Unit10儿童的认知发展简介

幼师英语Unit10儿童的认知发展简介第1页/共53页PracticeforChildren`sEnglishTeachingSkills

1、Playthefollowinggameforchildren.2、Readtheexpressionsforclassroommanagement3、Readthefollowingstory4、Readthefollowingrhymes5、Readthefollowingchants6、Singthefollowingsong第2页/共53页1、Playthefollowinggameforchildren.

WeatherCards（天气卡片）Firstly,teacherpastesaglobalmaponthewall.Andthensetsoutsomecards,onthemtherearesomesymbolsrepresentingweatherofsunny,cloudy,rainyandsoon.Onechildsaysabouttheweatherinsomeplace,forexampleas“Londonisrainy.”OtherchildrenshouldpickuptherainycardassoonaspossibleandpastethecardonthemapwhererepresentLondon.Whoisfast,whoisthewinner.第3页/共53页2、Readtheexpressionsforclassroommanagement

（1）排队！Lineup!（2）立正！Attention!（3）站站直！Straightenup!（4）报数。Countoff.（5）一个跟着一个走。Gooneafteranother.第4页/共53页第5页/共53页弯弯膝盖。Bendyourknees.（8）（9）游戏的名字叫…。Thenameofthegameis…./Thegameiscalled….（10）碰碰脚趾。Touchyourtoes.拍拍手。Clapyourhands.第6页/共53页第7页/共53页（15）跳得高。Jumphigh.（16）往后跨。Stepbackward.（17）往前跨。Stepforward.（18）站成一条直线。Standinaline.第8页/共53页3、Readthefollowingstory

TheStorm（暴风雨）Afriendofminehasabeautifulfour-year-olddaughter.Sheissmartandlovestotalk.Ifacontestwerebeingheldforthecutestlittlegirl,shewouldwinhandsdown.Onenighttherewasaviolentthunderstorm.Thelightningflashedandthethunderrumbled--itwas第9页/共53页oneofthosescarystormsthatforceeveryonetostopandtrembleabit.Myfriendranupstairstohisdaughter’sbedroomtoseeifshewasafraidandtotellherthateverythingwouldbeallright.Hegottoherroomandfoundherstandingonthewindowsill,againsttheglass.Whenheshouted“Whatareyoudoing?”,sheturnedawayfromtheflashinglightningandhappilysaid,“IthinkGodistryingtotakemypicture.”

第10页/共53页4、Readthefollowingrhymes

ItIsRaining（下雨了）

Itisraining,itisraining,Onmyhead,onmyhead.Pitter,patter,raindrops,Pitter,patter,raindrops,I’mallwet!I’mallwet!第11页/共53页

Rainbow(彩虹)

Rainbowpurple,rainbowblue,Rainbowgreenandyellow,too.Rainboworange,rainbowred,Rainbowshiningoverhead.第12页/共53页Snow（雪）

Snowcold,snowsoft,Snowclean,snowwhite.Withthesnowballs,Theboyswillfight.第13页/共53页TheSun（太阳）

Thesunisup,Betweenthetrees.Towakethebirds.Thesunisupandshining.第14页/共53页WindTricks（风儿戏法）Thewindisfulloftrickstoday.Itblewournewspaperaway.Itchasedthetrashcandownthestreet,Andalmostblewusoffourfeet!第15页/共53页Clouds（云）WhenIlookintothesky,Icanseethecloudsgoby.Theydon’tevermakeasound,Asthewindspushthemaround.Pushthemaround.Somegofastandsomegoslow.Iwonderwherethecloudsallgo.第16页/共53页5、ReadthefollowingchantsHotandHumid（又热又湿）It’shottoday.It’shottoday.Hotandhumid.Hotandhumid.It’shottoday.It’shottoday.Isn’tit?Isn’tit?Itsureis.Itsureis.第17页/共53页HotandhumidHotandhumidToohot.Toohot.Muchtoohot.Muchtoohot.Toohottowork.Toohottowork.Toohottoplay.Toohottoplay.Toohottowalktoworktoday.Toohottowalktoworktoday.It’shottoday.It’shottoday.第18页/共53页HotandhumidHotandhumidToohot.Toohot.Muchtoohot.Muchtoohot.Toohottowork.Toohottowork.Toohottoplay.Toohottoplay.Toohottowalktoworktoday.Toohottowalktoworktoday.第19页/共53页RainonMyUmbrella

（雨点落在我伞上）

Dripdrip,drip,drip,Dripdrip,drip,drip,Dripdrip,drip.Dripdrip,drip.Rainonmyumbrella,Rainonmyumbrella.Neverstops.Dripdrip,drip.第20页/共53页6、Singthefollowingsong

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Questionsfortextdiscussion

第22页/共53页relate v. 讲,叙述;使联系;与…有联系/关系mental adj. 精神的,智力的literacy n. 有读写能力provide v. 供应,供给,准备relevant adj. 有关的,适当的critically adv. 批判性地第23页/共53页reason v.推理,推断,分析

direct vt. 指引,指导manipulate vt. 操作,摆布,控制

inquire v. 询问,问明classify vt. 分类,分等label vt.贴标签于;把…归类compare v. 比较,相比,第24页/共53页experiment vi. 尝试,进行实验

meaningful adj. 意味深长的cognition n.认识能力achievement n. 成就,功绩peer n. 同龄人,同等的人manipulative adj. 用手控制的,巧妙处理的progress vi. 前进,进步,第25页/共53页reinforce vt. 加强,强化original adj. 新颖的，独创的;有独到见解的inwords 用语言；口头上第26页/共53页Children’sCognitiveDevelopment

Cognitivedevelopmentisaboutknowingandthinking.Itrelatestoknowledgeandhowthatknowledgeisacquired.Asyoubegintoplanforchildreninthisdevelopmentalfocusarea,considerchildren’sdevelopmentofmentalabilities,language,memory,creativity,communication,andliteracy.第27页/共53页Thesettingthatenhancescognitivedevelopmentisonethatprovidesinterestingandrelevantopportunitiesforchildrentodeveloptheirthinkingandcommunicationabilities.Playallowsthechildtothinkcritically---tosee,toexploreandtoreason.Thenaturalcuriosityofchildrendirectstheirinterestinsolvingaproblem.Themanipulatingandexploringofrealobjectsencourageschildrentodiscover,toinquire,toremember,toclassify,tolabel,tocompare,andtoseecauseandeffect.第28页/共53页

Thesearecriticalthinkingskillsthatemergewhenchildrenareallowedtoexperimentandmakemeaningfulchoices.Thelanguageorlanguagesachildacquiresarethefirstandmostapparentoutcomethatindicatescognitionisdeveloping.第29页/共53页

Thecapabilitytothinkaboutideasandthentocommunicatethoseideasinwordsisasignificantcognitiveachievement.Languageisthefoundationtoachild’sinteractionwithfamilyandpeers.Languageaffectsemotionalbehaviorsaswell.第30页/共53页Teachersshouldencouragechildrentoreasonandtocommunicatethroughoutthedaywithexploratoryandmanipulativematerials.Cognitivegrowthprogressesaschildrenacquireskillsincriticalthinkingandlanguage.Youwillsupportchildrenintheircognitivedevelopmentandlanguagedevelopmentbyhelpingthemtorecognizenewideasandbyreinforcingtheiroriginalandcreativeideas.

第31页/共53页1.Itrelatestoknowledgehowthatknowledgeisacquired.它与知识有关，与怎样获得知识有关。（1）relatevt.讲，叙述：使联系；显示…的关系：e.g.Herelatedwhathehadseeninthetheatre.他把在剧场中所看到的情况叙述了一遍。TheBelgianlanguageiscloselyrelatedtoFrench.比利时语与法语密切相关。第32页/共53页

（2）vi.与…有联系/关系(常与to连用)：e.g.Sheisconcernedonlyaboutwhatrelatestoherself.她只关心与自己有关的事。第33页/共53页2.Thesettingthatenhancescognitivedevelopmentisonethatprovidesinterestingandrelevantopportunitiesforchildrentodeveloptheirthinkingandcommunicationabilities.提高认知发展的环境只有一个，那就是为发展儿童的思维和交际能力提供有趣的和适当的机会。第34页/共53页（1）provide(sth.)forsb./sth.为…提供；为…做准备；

为…提供生计，赡养e.g.Thelocalgovernmentprovidedspecialbusesfortheguests.地方政府为宾客提供了专车。Wemustprovideforthefuture.我们必须为将来做好准备。Hehasawifeandsevenchildrentoprovidefor.他需要赡养妻子和七个孩子。

（2）provide(sb.)withsth.给…提供e.g.BeijingUniversityprovidedherwithanallowancewhenshewasstudyingthere.北京大学在她学习期间给她提供了津贴。第35页/共53页3.---tosee,toexploreandtoreason.---去看，去探索，去推理。reasonvi/vt.推理,思维;讲道理(常与with连用);推断,分析(常接that宾语从句)：e.g.Animalsdonothavetheabilitytoreason.禽兽没有思维能力。Itisuselesstoreasonwithher.跟她讲道理没用Hereasonedthatsinceshehadnotansweredhislettershemusthavelefthere.他推断，由于她没有给他回信，她一定是已经离开这里了。第36页/共53页4.Themanipulatingandexploringofrealobjects…摆弄和探究真实的实物…manipulatevt.操作,摆布,控制e.g.Hequicklylearnedhowtomanipulatethecontrolsofaplane.他很快学会了操作飞机的操纵装置。Itisasimplemattertomanipulatesuchasituation.控制这种局面是很简单的事情。第37页/共53页5.…toseecauseandeffect.…去看原因与结果。

（1）causen.原因,起因;e.g.Smokingisthebiggestpreventablecauseofdeathanddisease...在可以预防的引发死亡和疾病的因素当中，吸烟排在第一位…（2）vt.引起,导致,造成e.g.Theearthquakecausedgreatdamage.地震造成很大损害。第38页/共53页第39页/共53页7.Thelanguageorlanguagesachildacquiresarethefirstandmostapparentoutcomethatindicatescognitionisdeveloping.儿童获得的一种或几种语言是最早的、最明显的，表明认知在发展的结果。第40页/共53页8.Thecapabilitytothinkaboutideasandthentocommunicatethoseideasinwordsisasignificantcognitiveachievement.考虑想法的能力和随后用语言交流那些想法，是个有重要意义的认知成就。inwords用语言；口头上e.g.Thebeautyofthescenecannotbeexpressedinwords.景色之美无法用言语表达。Ifoundithardtoconveymyfeelingsinwords.我觉得难以用言语来表达我的感情。第41页/共53页9.Cognitivegrowthprogressesaschildrenacquireskillsincriticalthinkingandlanguage.在儿童获得批判性思维和语言技巧时，认知发展进步了。

（1）progressn.前进；进步e.g.Themedicalcommunitycontinuestomakeprogressinthefightagainstcancer.医学界在抗癌的斗争中不断取得进步。（2）vi.前进；发展；进步e.g.Weareprogressingfairlywiththework.我们正在顺利地进行工作。Sheisprogressinginherstudies.她学习有进步。第42页/共53页第43页/共53页

St.Patrick'sDaySt.Patrick'sDayiscelebratedonMarch17,thesaint'sreligiousfeastdayandtheanniversaryofhisdeathinthefifthcentury.TheIrishhaveobservedthisdayasareligiousholidayforover1,000years.OnSt.Patrick'sDayIrishfamilieswouldtraditionallyattendchurchinthemorningandcelebrateintheafternoon.第44页/共53页Peoplewoulddance,drinkandfeast--onthetraditionalmealofIrishbaconandcabbage.SaintPatrick,wholivedduringthefifthcentury,isthepatronsaintandnationalapostleofIreland.BorninRomanBritain,hewaskidnappedandbroughttoIrelandasaslaveattheageof16.Helaterescaped,butreturnedtoIrelandandwascreditedwithbringingChristianitytoitspeople.

第45页/共53页InthecenturiesfollowingPatrick'sdeath(believedtohavebeenonMarch17,461),themythologysurroundinghislifebecameevermoreingrainedintheIrishculture:PerhapsthemostwellknownlegendisthatheexplainedtheHolyTrinity(Father,SonandHolySpirit)usingthethreeleavesofanativeIrishclover,theshamrock.第46页/共53页

Inmodern-dayIreland,St.Patrick'sDaywastraditionallybeenareligiousoccasion.Infact,upu