大学英语2第七单元答案

1.Scientistsusedtobelievethatanimalswerelikemachinesprogrammedtoreacttostimuli.Theywerenotconsideredcapableoffeelingorthinking,andcertainlynotofunderstandingabstractconcepts.Suggestedanswer:Scientistsusedtobelievethatanimalswerelikemachinesprogrammedtoreacttostimuli,inotherwords,theywerenotconsideredcapableoffeelingorthinking,andcertainlynotofunderstandingabstractconcepts.2.OurperceptionsofanimalsarefilteredthroughourownhumanunderstandingoftheworldandweoftenprojecthumanfeelingsandthoughtsontoothercreaturesSuggestedanswer:Ourperceptionsofanimalsarefilteredthroughourownhumanunderstandingoftheworld,inotherwords,weoftenprojecthumanfeelingsandthoughtsontoothercreatures.3.InhisbookTheDescentofMan,publishedin1871,hequestionedwhetherhighermentalabilitiessuchasself-consciousnessandmemorywerelimitedtohumanbeings.Darwinspeculatedthathumanandnon-humanmindsaren'tallthatdifferentSuggestedanswer:InhisbookTheDescentofMan,publishedin1871,hequestionedwhetherhighermentalabilitiessuchasself-consciousnessandmemorywerelimitedtohumanbeings,inotherwords,Darwinspeculatedthathumanandnon-humanmindsaren'tallthatdifferent.1.Sorensaidifaburglarcame,HogahnwouldprobablylickhimSuggestedanswer:Sorensaidifaburglarcame,Hogahnwouldgosofarastolickhim.2.HogahnwassoprotectivethathebarkedatanyonewhocamenearthehouseSuggestedanswer:Hogahnwassoprotectivethathewentsofarastobarkatanyonewhocamenearthehouse.3.IeventhoughtofHogahnasmyfirstgrandchildSuggestedanswer:IwentsofarastothinkofHogahnasmyfirstgrandchild.4.InthepastscientistsbelievedthatanimalswerenotcapableoffeelingorthinkingSuggestedanswer:Inthepastscientistswentsofarastobelievethatanimalswerenotcapableoffeelingorthinking.5.DarwinarguedthatanimalsfacethesamechallengesandhavethesamebasicneedsashumansSuggestedanswer:Darwinwentsofarastoarguethatanimalsfacethesamechallengesandhavethesamebasicneedsashumans.6.Scientistsnowaskifanimalshavefeelingsandintelligence,shoulditaffectthewaywetreatthem?Suggestedanswer:Scientistsnowgosofarastoaskifanimalshavefeelingsandintelligence,shoulditaffectthewaywetreatthem?1.Havingaconceptofnumbershelpsgeesetokeeptrackoftheir.YouranswerCorrectanswerflock2.3.Wewereattackedbyanangryofbees,butnoonegotstung.CorrectanswerswarmYouranswerOnsafariinAfricayoucanseea(n)ofelephantsontheplain.YouranswerCorrectanswerherd4.5.Ourboatwassurroundedbyalargeofdolphins.YouranswerCorrectanswerschoolThepopsingerwasgreetedbyahugeoffans.YouranswerCorrectanswerarmy6.Whensomeoneisinhospitalit'straditionaltobringthemsomechocolates,ora(n)ofgrapes.YouranswerCorrectanswerbunch.(1)(2)Markhasthreedogs.He'sareal.YouranswerCorrectansweranimal(1)(2)lover(1)(2)Theaveragecontainsbetweenfourandfivelitresofblood.YouranswerCorrectanswerhuman(1)(2)body(1)(2)Scientistsaretryingtoprovewhetheranimalsarecapableof.YouranswerCorrectanswerabstract(1)(2)reasoning(1)(2)Survivalisabasiccommontoallcreatures.CorrectansweranimalYouranswer(1)(2)instinct5.6.(1)(2)Therehasalwaysbeenconflictandwarintheworld.Youcan'tchange.YouranswerCorrectanswer(1)(2)humannature(1)(2)Animalsdon'tunderstandlikeart,cultureandsociety.CorrectanswerabstractYouranswer(1)(2)concepts1.Ihadtossedsticksforhimbeforeandknewtheapproximatedistancetheywouldgo,dependingupontheirweightandmymotion.Thisstick,however,caughtagustand,flyingwherethesheetwantedtogo,sailedacrosstheyard,overthefence,and,withafineskater'stouch,glidedontothepondSuggestedanswer:我以前也经常这样为他扔木头。根据木头的不同重量和我动作的大小，我知道它们大概能飞多远。但这块木头赶上了一阵疾风，朝着床单想去的方向飞过了院子，越过了围栏，最后以溜冰高手般的优美动作滑进湖水里。2.ThenextmomentIwasstandinginthewaterandHogahnwasswimmingtowardme,breakingtheicewithhisfrontpaws.Heseemedalittlestartledbytheintrusionoftheiceinhispath,butdefinitelyincontrol.IwentasfarasIcoulduntilthepondbottomsankdownundermyweightandtheicewaterpenetratedmyjacket,andIstoodandwaitedSuggestedanswer:接下来的一瞬间我已经站在水里，霍根用前爪破冰朝我游过来。一路上冰块的侵扰似乎让他受了些惊吓，但他绝对能控制得住自己。我尽量向前趟，直到我的双脚陷进湖底的烂泥，冰冷的湖水浸透了我的夹克。我站在那儿等着。3.Itcanrecognizedifferentpeopleandmakechoicesaboutwhattoeatorwhichpathtotake.Butdoesthismeanthatananimaliscapableofthinkingand,ifso,canitbeproved?OurperceptionsofanimalsarefilteredthroughourownhumanunderstandingoftheworldandweoftenprojecthumanfeelingsandthoughtsontoothercreaturesSuggestedanswer:它会认人、选择食物、识别道路。但这是否意味着它有思维能力呢？如果有的话，又如何证实呢？我们对动物的认知是经过过滤的，是建立在人类对世界的理解的基础上的，我们常常把人类的情感和思想投射到其他动物身上。4.Manyscientistsinthe20thcenturydismissedsuchfindingsasunreliable,usuallyinfluencedbyanthropomorphism,inotherwords,judginganimalsbyhumanattributes.However,thependulumisnowswingingawayfromthinkingofanimalsasmachineswithoutintelligence,andbacktowardsDarwin'sideas.Awiderangeofstudiesonanimalssuggeststhattherootsofintelligencearedeep,widespreadacrosstheanimalkingdomandhighlychangeableSuggestedanswer:许多20世纪的科学家轻视这些发现，认为它们不可靠，这是受了拟人说的影响，即根据人的特征来判断动物。但是，现在舆论的天平已经不再向那些认为动物像机器一样没有智慧的观点倾斜了，而是向达尔文的观点倾斜。大范围的动物研究表明智：慧之根在动物界的分布既深又广，变化多端。1.夜贼们忙着往皮卡里扔赃物，急着想尽快开车逃走。正在这时，负责看守小区的保安发现了他们，并报了警。（justabout;watchover）Suggestedanswer:Theburglarswerethrowingthestolenitemstothepickupandwerejustabouttodriveawaywhentheguardswatchingoverthelivingquartersfoundthemandcalledthepolice.2.三个士兵在密林深处艰难地行走了一整天，试图走向河的东岸，结果却发现他们只在树林里打转，离目的地仍有几十英里之遥。(onlytofind;shortofSuggestedanswer:Thethreesoldiershadwalkedwithdifficultythroughthewoodsforawholeday,tryingtonavigatetotheeastbankoftheriver,onlytofindthattheyhadbeencirclinginthewoodsandwerestilldozensofmilesshortoftheirdestination.3.我觉得今天早晨做动物心智报告的那位学者显然高估了动物的智慧，她甚至认为黑猩猩能够用电脑跟人进行交流。(gosofarasto

Itseemstomethatthescholarwhotalkedaboutanimalintelligencethismorninghasobviouslyoverestimatedtheanimalintelligence.Shewentsofarastosuggestthatchimpanzeescancommunicatewithhumansthroughcomputers.4.作为志愿者，我们不仅仅要对前来询问或寻求帮助的人微笑服务，我们还应该具备跨文化交际的技巧，否则我们就干不好这个工作。(belimitedtoAsvolunteers,whatweneedtodoisnotjustlimitedtosmilingtothosewhocometousforinformationandhelp.Wemustalsolearnskillsforcross-culturalcommunication,withoutwhichourperformancecannotbesatisfactory.motionpawpenetrate1.veryimpressiveandbeautiful,good,orskillful2.along,highjump3.togetinsideanobjectorbodybygettingthroughsomething4.notexactoraccurate,butgoodenoughtobeuseful5.amovementthatsomeoneorsomethingmakes6.tomoveyourtongueacrosssomething7.extremelylarge8.thefootofsomeanimalssuchascats,dogs9.anamountorsheetofasubstancethatcoversasurfaceYouranswerCorrectanswermagnificentleap.5.penetrateapproximatemotionattributeevolvecapableuncovertunnelpendulumrepeatedlyfilter1.tograduallychangeanddevelopoveralongperiodoftime2.anundergroundpassagemadebyanimals3.manytimes4.topasssomethingthroughanobjecttoremoveparticularthingscontainedinit5.abletodosomething6.usedfortalkingaboutthetendencyofanopinionorsituationtochangefromonepositionorconditiontoitsopposite7.to