高考英语总复习之语法专题代词 2 试题

作人：多莘创factory.但,表示时间是,间隔,重量,国家,城,地点等无生命的名词也可用’s形式来表示其所有关系,如:threedays’sickleave,halfanhour’swalk,today’snewspaper,aton’sweight,China’sagriculture,Shanghai’sindustry.,常用于以下情况之下:①.名词较长时,如:thestoryofdoctorBethune,theworksofMarx,EngelsandLenin②.名词的定语较长,如:thesonofthemanwhoyoujusttalkedto,thenameoftheboystandingthere4.of+名词的’s所有格形式或者名词性物主代词称为双重所有格.在表示所属物的名=oneofmyfather’sfriends,twobrothersofhis,someinventionsofEdison’s,somehousesofmygrandfather’s.关于双重所有格还需注意以下几点:①.在双重所有格中,of前面的名词不和the连用,如不能说:thenewdressofSusan’s.但假设有定语从句在后,那么可以用the,如可以说:thefriendsofmyfather’swhoisgoingabroadof须是人,而且是特指第二章：代词英语代词分为以下八类:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,不定代词,疑问代词,连接代词,关系代词.本章只说明前五类代词的用法,后三类代词的用法在其他章节说明人称代词一.人称代词的形式:人称代词有人称,数和格的变化我我们你/你们他她它他们/她们/它们格Iweeymeshimherm二.人称代词的用法:1.主格的用法:作主语,表语a.HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.b.ItishewhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.2.宾格的用法:作及物动词的宾语或者介词的宾语.a.Mr.LiteachesusEnglish.b.WeoftengoandseeheronSundays.c.Youarereallyabovemeinmaths.d.Fatherboughtanewbikeforhim.3.关于人称代词用法需注意的问题:①.在than/as引导的比拟状语从句中常有略,注意其中的人称代词作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格.在这类从句中,在不引起误解的情况下,有时用宾格代词代替主格代词a.HelikesMarybetterthanI(likeMary).他比我更喜欢玛丽b.HelikesMarybetterthan(helikes)me他喜欢我,更喜欢玛丽c.HeistallerthanI/me.②.在强调句中,假设被强调的局部是代词,那么其格不变,如:a.ItwasIwhofirstopenedthedoorthismorning.b.Itwasmewhomtheytalkedabout.④.在同位语中,人称代词的格视与之同位的词在句中的成分而定,如:a.We,TomandI,showedhermanywonderfulpictures.b.Sheshowedus,Tomandme,manywonderfulpictures.非正式场合用they/them/their代替,如:a.Nobodycame,didhe/they?b.Whoevercomes,tellhim/themthenews.⑥.在be或者tobe之后的人称代词的格应根据它所指代的名词或者代词在句中的成分而定a.Ithoughtitwasshe./Ithoughtittobeher.⑦.在口语中常用宾格代词作表语a.Theysaythefirebrokeoutatmidnight.=Peoplesaythefirebrokeoutatmidnight./Itissaidthatthefirebrokeoutatmidnight.⑨.三个人称代词同时出现时,其顺序一般是:你,他/她,我;我们,你们,他们a.You,heandIallenjoymusic.物主代词表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词一.物主代词的形式:物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种他他们的/她们irtheirs你的/你们的ouryours形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词我们的urs的mymine她的herhers他的hishis它的---二.物主代词的用法:1.形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,作定语,如:ourwork,herstudents,theirhouse2.名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,作主语,表语,宾语a.Hisbrotherisadriver;mineisaworker.b.Thesebooksaremine.c.YoucanusemybikeandImayusehers.3.“of+名词性物主代词〞可构成双重所有格,如:a.WangLingisafriendofmine.b.Thisbabyofhersissolovely.4.物主代词用法应注意的问题:①.动名词的逻辑主语假如位于句首,那么多用物主代词,如:a.Hiscominglatemadeeveryoneangry.②.在介词后,表示身体某部位或者身上某位置的名词前,用the而不用物主代词,如:a.I’vehurthiminthefinger.b.Hehitmeontheback.c.Hecaughtmebythehair.d.Themanpulledmebythesleeve.揪住了我的衣袖.反身代词一.反身代词的形式:myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselves二.反身代词的用法:a.HetaughthimselfEnglish.b.Heisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.2.在句中作名词或者代词的同位语,以加强名词或者代词的语气,一般表示“亲自〞“本人〞a.Imyselfdidthework.b.YouhadbetteraskTomhimself.指示代词一.指示代词的形式:this,that,these,those,it,such,same二.指示代词的用法:1.this/these常指时间是,空间或者心理上较近的人或者物,that/those常指时间是,空间或者心理上较远的人或者物2.this/these常指后面要提到的事物,有启下的作用;而that/those常指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用a.WhatIwanttotellyouisthis:ThemeetingisputoffuntilFriday.b.Hehadabadcold.Thatiswhyhedidn’tattendthemeeting.3.that/those还可用来代替上文出现过的名词.作此用法时,它们的用法及与one/定语问定语问题有前置定语或者后置定语有前置定语或者后置定语必无前置定语,必有后置定语必无前置定语,必有后置定语代替什么词某名词某名词nessec.Thestudentsinclassoneworkharderthanthose(=thestudents)inclasstwo.d.Thequestionisaneasyone.e.Whichpencilsdoyouwant?Theredones.f.Hehasanewcoatandseveraloldones.g.Ihavelostmypen.Iamgoingtobuyone.①.such代替或者修饰可数与不可数名词都可a.Heissuchaman.b.Idon’tlikesuchwords.c.Suchisourplan.a.Onesuchgrammarbookisenough.③.such+a(n)+adj.+n构造等同于so+adj.+a(n)+n,如:a.Itissuchagoodchance.=Itissogoodachance.a.Hehasmadesuchgreatprogress.b.Itwassuchgoodweather.a.Hehasmadesomuchprogress.5.thesame的用法:thesame=同样(的),可以作定语,表语,主语和宾语a.TheyleftforBeijingonthesameday.b.HewillgotoswimandI’lldothesame.c.Whetherhewillcomeornot,itisallthesametome.①.it指前面己经提到的人或者事物ta.Itistimeforthemeeting.b.ItisSaturdaytoday.c.Itisfinetoday.d.Itoftenrainsinsummeranditoftensnowsinwinterinthiscity.e.Itisfivekilometerfromhometotheschool.f.Itiswellwithyou?你身体好吗?③.it作形式主语:it作形式主语时,真正的主语可以是动词不定式,动名词或者由的主语移到后面a.Itisagoodhabittodomorningexercise.b.Itisnouselearningwithoutthinking.c.Itispitythatyoudidn’tseesuchagoodfilm.导的宾语从句.当宾语之后有宾补,而作宾语的不定式或者宾语从句用词较多时,常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语移到后面a.IfinditeasytolearnEnglishwellifintherightway.b.IconsideritwrongthatyoustandtooclosetoanEnglishman.b⑤.it用于强调句型:It+is/was+被强调的局部+that/who+其他b.ItisProfessorWangthat/whoteachesusEnglisheveryMondayc.Itisusthat/whoProfessorWangteachesEnglisheveryMondayd.ItisEnglishthatProfessorWangteachesuseveryMondayafternoon.(强调句)e.ItiseveryMondayafternoonthatProfessorteachesusEnglish.强(调不定代词all,both,either,neither,other,another及some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词二.不定代词的使用:1.不定代词的使用要注意以下几个方面①.不定代词作主语时,要明确其终究是单数还是复数,如:both是复数,either/neitherall复数a.Bothofthemarestudents.b.Allwerepresentatthemeeting.c.Allgoeswell.②.不定代词作定语时,要明确其修饰可数与不可数的问题,如:many/few修饰可数③.all/both/each/everybody/everything等含有“全部〞或者“每个〞意义的词与否认词not连用时,通常表示局部否认.全部否认时通常采用否认代词none,noone,dyneithernothinga.Notallantsgooutforfood.=Allantsdon’tgooutforfood.并不是所有的蚂蚁出去找食物b.Noneofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.2.some/any的用法:①.some常用于肯定句中.some在以下情况下也用于疑问句:表示恳求或者邀请;期待肯定答复,或者认为对方肯定答复的可能性很大时;表建议时a.Couldyoulentmesomemoney?b.Willyouhavesomemilk?c.Areyouwaitingforsomefriends?d.Wouldyoulendmesomebooksplease?a.Idon’thaveanyink.b.Doyouhaveanyink?c.Youcancomeandseemeatanytime.d.Anystudentcansolvetheproblem.①.no=notany,通常用作定语,修饰可数或者不可数a.Thereisnomilkintheglass.b.Hehasnobrother.②.none代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或者复数都可(参看“主谓一致〞);none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数a.Noneofthestoriesare/isinteresting.4.many/much的用法:many用来修饰或者代替可数名词;much用来修饰或者代替不可数名词a.Manystudents,manyofthestudents.b.Muchhasbeendone./Hehasmuchtodo./Hehasmuchworktodo.lea.Fewofthemaregoodatskating.b.Imetafewofmyfriendsattheparty.c.Thereisstillalittlemilkinthebottle.d.Littleremainstobesaid.6.each/every的用法:①.each指“每个〞的个别的情况,相当于汉语的“各个〞②.every虽有“每个〞的意思,但常从整体出发,强调一共同性,相当于“每个都〞aEveryoneofushasstrongandweakpoints(强调所有人都…)fushasstrongandweakpoints③.主语中有each/every,构成反意问句时,多用复数变化.,如:a.Everystudentlikethefilm,don’tthey?b.Eachofustakespartintheactivity,don’twe?a.Noteveryworkercandoit.ana.Oneshouldbestrictwithoneself.b.Oneshouldservehiscountrywholeheartedly.③.one/ones代替上文出现过的可数名词,以防止重复a.Hehasawasher.Iwanttobuyonetoo.b.Whic