2022-2023年安徽省黄山市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)

2022-2023年安徽省黄山市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

DemocracywasexpectedinallMiddleEastnationsundertheinfluenceofIraq.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.Ageodesicdomeisbasicallyasphericalstructurecreatedfromrectangles.

3.

Intheexperimenttherecruitersshouldsnaptheirfingerswhentheydecide______.

4.

____________willbeoneofthepoliticalinitiativestakentotacklethesuicideprobleminAustralia.

5.

TheJapaneseapproachisnotusefulatalltotheAmericanmanagement.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

Australianschoolsandsocialinstitutionsmayhavecontributedtotheproblemofsuicideamongboysbyfocusingongivinggirlsmoreopportunitieswhileleavingboysontheirown.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Besidesthefeatureof"doingmorewithless",thesphericalstructureofdomecanalsoallownatural______withoutobstruction.

8.

LauraBushbelievesthatifwomencannotreceiveeducation,theycannotmakecontributiontothesociety.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

SomeoftheSun'sradiationthatisabsorbedbytheEarth'ssurfacebecomesheatenergyintheform.of______.

10.DuringBeijingOlympics,touristscaneasilyobtaintheinformationaboutgameresultsandtrafficconditionsintimefrom______.

11.

WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheEdinburghFestival?

A.Itisafestivalheldonlyforthelocalresidents.

B.Itisathree-dayfestivalheldineverysummer.

C.Itisafestivalwithbothindoorandoutdooractivities.

D.ItisanartfestivalthatisheldonPrincesStreet.

12.

WhenIfirstlearnedLisp(表处理语言),whatIlikedmostaboutitwasthatitconsideredme______.

13.TheGreenCampus

Ifyouattendedthisyear'scommencement(毕业典礼)atWilliamsCollegeinwesternMassachusetts,youprobablysampledthefreshfoodmadefromlocallyproduced,hormone-freemilk.Youmighthavetriedtheorganicgreenswithediblecabbageblossomsorsampledthefreshasparagus(芦笋)allfromnearbyfarms.Thesedishesnotonlytastedbetterthanstandardonesbutalsosavedfossilfuelsnormallyusedtoshipfoodlongdistances.Disposableplatesandcutlerywerenowheretobefound,reducingtrashby80percent.Andtheraredisposableitemswereeco-friendly."Weusedcompostablepaper'napkinsandbiodegradablestraws,"saysStephanieBoyd,whohelpedorganizethe"greencommencement"aspartofherjobaschairofWilliams'sclimate-actioncommittee.

Itwasnotonlyaimedtoimpressparents.Moreandmorecollegesaregettingseriousaboutgoinggreen.InJune,284universitypresidentsrepresentingsomeofthenation'smostinfluentialschoolsannouncedanagreementpledgingtomaketheircampuses"carbonneutral".Themessagewasclear."We'resayingthatsustainabilityisnolongeranelective,"saysCornellpresidentDavidSkorton.Theirmotivationwasn'tmerelytoreduceenergyconsumptionandwaste.Asa$315billionsectoroftheeconomy--andonethatwilltrainfutureleaders--highereducationhasaspecialresponsibilitytoencourageenvironmentalstewardship.Theuniversitypresidentshopethatevenstudentswhodon'tpursueincreasinglypopularmajorsinenvironmentalstudieswilllearnsimplyfrombeingonagreencampus,livingingreenbuildings,eatingsustainablefoodandabsorbingeverydaymessagesofconservation.Andwhoknows?Far-reachingenvironmentalprogramsmaycreateanairofexcitementthatattractsapplicants."Inthelongrun,studentswillsay,whywouldIwanttogotoaschoolthatdoesn'tcareaboutthis?"saysMichaelCrow,presidentofArizonaStateUniversity,whichhas.madeamajorcommitmenttosustainability.

AtHarvard,goinggreenstartsbeforestudentsevenarriveoncampus,whenfreshmenreceivemailingsurgingthemtobuyonlyenergy-efficientrefrigeratorsfortheirdormroomsandpurchasecompactfluorescent(发荧光的)bulbs,whichuseanaverageof18Wattsapieceinsteadof75.Butsomeofthemosteffectivelobbyingcomesfromstudentsthemselves.Harvardpays20undergraduatestohelpgetthegreenmessageouttofellowstudentsinafunway.ThatmightmeanwhippingupacompetitionbetweenresidentialhousestowinthecovetedGreenCupforthegreatestenergyreductionsandbiggestincreasesinrecycling.Oritcouldbeorganizingtrash-freedancesorgreenmovienights("WhoKilledtheElectricCar?")withfreeicecreamforanyonewhobringsarecyclablebowl.Onedayayear,studentscollecttrashfromHarvardYardandpileitintoasingleheap,called"MountTrashmore".Thegiantmound(垛)remindsstudentshowmuchtheyarethrowingawayandhowmuchwastetheycouldavoidbyrecycling.Studentsevencompetetocomeupwiththebestecothemedcartoons.Thisyear'ssecond-placewinnershowedMarilynMonroewithhericonicbillowingskirtunderthecaptionwinddoesgreatthings.Thefunaddsuptoserioussavings."Energyuseinthedormshasdecreased15percentoverthepastfewyears,andrecyclinghasrisen40percent,"saysLeithSharp,headoftheHarvardGreenCampusInitiative.

Atmanyschools,theconstructionofanewbuildingisanotherchancetopushgreensolutions."Whatmessagedoesaconventionalcampussend?"asksDavidOrr,whoteachesenvironmentalstudiesatOberlin."Itsendsthemessagethatenergyischeapandplentiful."AtOberlinandothercolleges,administratorsareseekingtoreversethatmessagewithenergy-efficientbuildings.TheLewisCenteratOberlin,openedin2000,wasoneofthefirsts.It'spoweredentirelybysolararrays,whichproduce30percentmor

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

WhydowecallMadagascaraDarwinianplayground?

A.Becauseofitsgeographicisolation.

B.Becauseitsnatureisstillinoriginalform.

C.Becausemostofitsplantsareendemic.

D.Becausemostofitsanimalsareendemic.

15.

TheideaofusingCDtoreplacecassettetapewasdrivenbythelowsoundqualityofthelatter.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

______forthecreditcardnumbersofthebuyersisaproblem.

17.

Despitethedeclineofthedeathtollinahurricane,thecostsofthedamageareincreasinggreatlyinthe20thcentury.

18.TheGeodesicDome(圆顶屋)--theHouseoftheFuture?

R.BuckminsterFullerspentmuchoftheearly20thCenturylookingforwaystoimprovehumanshelterbyapplyingmoderntechnologicalknow-howtoshelterconstruction,makingsheltermorecomfortableandefficient,andmoreeconomicallyavailabletoagreaternumberofpeople.

Afteracquiringsomeexperienceinthebuildingindustryanddiscoveringthetraditionalpracticesandperceptionswhichseverelylimitchangesandimprovementsinconstructionpractices,Fullercarefullyexaminedandimprovedinteriorstructureequipment,includingthetoilet,theshower,andthebathroomasawhole.Hestudiedstructureshells,anddevisedanumberofalternatives,eachlessexpensive,lighter,andstrongerthantraditionalwood,brick,andstonebuildings.

In1944,theUnitedStatessufferedaserioushousingshortage.GovernmentofficialsknewthatFullerhaddevelopedaprototypeoffamilydwellingwhichcouldbeproducedrapidly,usingthesameequipmentwhichhadpreviouslybuiltwar-timeairplanes.Theycouldbe"installed"anywhere,thewayatelephoneisinstalled,andwithlittleadditionaldifficulty.WhenoneofficialflewtoWichita,Kansastoseethishouse,whichBeechAircraftandFullerbuilt,themanreportedlygasped,"MyGod!Thisisthehouseofthefuture!"

Soon,unsolicitedcheckspouredinfrompeoplewhowantedtopurchasethisnewkindofhouse,butFullerwasneverabletogetitintofullproduction.Thiswasduetomanyobstaclessuchasonlyunioncontractorswereabletohookthehousesuptowater,powerandsewersinmanycities.However,becausethehouseswerealreadywiredandhadtheplumbinginstalledbytheaircraftcompany,manyconstructiontradeunionsmadeitclearthattheywouldnotworkonthehouses.Therewerealsoin-housedifferencesbetweenFullerandthestockholders.Fullerdidnotfeelthehousedesignwascomplete;therewereproblemshewantedtofix.Butthestockholderswantedtomoveahead.However,themainobstructionwasobtainingthefinancingforthetoolingcosts,whichwerepurposefullynotincludedinthenegotiationswithinvestors.Nobankwouldfinancetheprojectwithunionproblemsandstockholderbattles.

Afterthewar,Fuller'seffortsfocusedontheproblemofhowtobuildashelterwhichissolightweightthatitcanbedeliveredbyair.Sheltershouldbemobilewhichwouldrequiregreatbreakthroughsintheweight-reductionofthematerials.Technologywouldhavetofollownature'sdesignasseenbythespider'swebwhichcanfloatinahurricanebecauseofitshighstrength-to-weightratio.NewshelterwouldhavetobedesignedthatassimilatestheseprinciplesandthatwasFuller'sintent.

OneofthewaysBuckminsterFullerwoulddescribethedifferencesinstrengthbetweenarectangleandatrianglewouldbeapplypressuretobothstructures.Therectanglewouldfoldupandbeunstablebutthetrianglewithstandsthepressureandismuchmorerigid--infactthetriangleistwiceasstrong.Thisprincipledirectedhisstudiestowardcreatinganewarchitecturaldesign,thegeodesicdome,basedalsouponhisideaof"doingmorewithless".Fullerdiscoveredthatifasphericalstructurewascreatedfromtriangles,itwouldhaveincomparablestrength.

Thesphereusesthe"doingmorewithless"principleinthatitenclosesthelargestvolumeofinteriorspacewiththeleastamountofsurfaceareathussavingonmaterialsandcost.Fullerreintroducedtheideathatwhenthesphere'sdiameterisdoubleditwillquadrupleitssquarefootageandproduceeighttimesthevolume.

Thespherical(球形的)structureofadomeisoneofthemostefficientinterioratmospheresforhumandwellingsbecauseairandenergyareallowedtocirculatewithoutobstruction.Thisenablesheatingandcoolingtooccurnatu

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

______,notwhiteandnon-Hispanic,constitutesone-fourthofthepresentU.S.population.

20.

TheboxofficeofTerminatorismorethanthatofMyBigFatGreekWedding.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B11】

22.(32)

A.SignificantlyincreasingthetemperatureoftheEarth.

B.SignificantlycoolingtheEarth.

C.Keepingtheatmospherereasonablywarm.

D.Causingseverepollution.

23.(28)

A.Itwasthewrongform.

B.Hehadnosocialsecuritynumber.

C.Thevocabularywasnettoospecific.

D.Hecouldn'tread.

24.听力原文：M:Ithinkthatdogracingiskindoffunandexciting.I'venevermissthat.

W:Forme,I'mmorefondofhorsesthancarsanddogs.

Q:Whatcanbeconcludedfromtheconversation?

(15)

A.Themanthinksearracingistooexcitingtomiss.

B.Themanprefersdogracingtohorseorcarracing.

C.Thewomanprefershorseracingtodogorcarracing.

D.Thewomandislikesdogsandcars.

25.听力原文：M:DidyougotothatBusinessStrategylectureonFriday?Imisseditandneedtocopyyournotes.

W:I'dsayyoucouldborrowmynotes,butSarah'sgotthem.BecarefulnottomissProfessorBrown'sseminar,hetakesattendanceinthat.

Q:Whatisthewomantellingtheman?

(14)

A.Shewantstoborrowhisnotesandadviseshimtoattendthelecture.

B.Shewantstoborrowhisnotesandadviseshimtoattendtheseminar.

C.Shecanlendhernotesrightnowandadviseshimtoattendthelecture.

D.Shecan'tlendhimhernotesrightnowandadviseshimtoattendtheseminar.

26.听力原文：M：Thecityisgoingtoteardownthoseoldhousesandputupanewshoppingcenter．

W：Anothershoppingcenter?That'snothingnew．

Q：Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(15)

A.Theoldhousesshouldbeturnedintostores.

B.Thecityneedsevenmoremodernization.

C.Thisshoppingcenterisquiteold.

D.Newshoppingcentersareverycommon.

27.(25)

A.Expandingandsecure.

B.Contracting,yetstable.

C.Growing,yetuncertain.

D.Promising,yetshrinking.

28.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Yourassignmentsthistermwillbetowritetwomajorresearchpapers.Oneofthemostimportantthingsaboutwritingaresearchpaperisgivingpropercreditforyoursourcesofinformation.Failuretodothisiscalledplagiarism,whichisaform.ofintellectualdishonesty.Plagiarismisakindofstealingoratleastanunauthorizedborrowingofsomeoneelse'sideas.Sometimesinexperiencedstudentswillplagiarizeunintentionally,andthenbesurprisedwhentheteacherwon'taccepttheirpapersorgivethemafallinggrade.Thebestwaytoavoidunintentionalplagiarizingistobeverycarefulingatheringyourinformation.Asyoutakenotesonbooksandmagazinearticlesaboutthetopicyou'veselected,firsttrytoassimilatetheinformationthoroughly.Secondlywriteitdowninyourownwords.Thisiscalledparaphrasing.Ifyoudoagoodjobofparaphrasing,you'llcapturethemainideafromyoursourcewithoutactuallyusinganyphrasesfromit.Mostofyournotesshouldprobablybeparaphrased.However,occasionallyyoumayfindsomethingyouwishtoquotedirectlyinyourresearchpaper.Inthiscasebesurethatyoucopythequotationpreciselyinyournotesandencloseitinquotationmarks.Thatway,whenyouarefinalizingyourresearchpaper,you'llbeabletorememberwhichofyournotesaredirectquotesandwhichareyourownsummariesofthematerial.Youcanthenincorporatethemappropriatelyandgivetheoriginalauthorpropercredit.

(27)

A.Gatheringnonrelevantmaterials.

B.Stealinganotherperson'sideas.

C.Sharingnoteswithsomeoneelse.

D.Handinginassignmentslate.

29.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Aresearchersaysleadintheenvironmentcouldbeamajorcauseofviolencebyyoungpeople.DoctorHerbertNeedlemanisaprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicineinPennsylvania.Hesaysthe【B1】______ofleadinthebrainchangestheneuronsthatcontrolactionsandthatcancauseapersontoactinantisocialand【B2】______ways.

Leadisametalthatis【B3】______dangeroustobabiesandyoungchildren.Theycangetitintotheirbodiesbybreathingor【B4】______leaddust,orbyeatingsoilorpiecesofleadpaint.Childrenwithhighlevelsofleadcan【B5】______brainandnervoussystemdamage,learning【B6】______,slowgrowth,headachesandhearingloss.

Inthe19thcentury,DoctorNeedlemanfoundlowerscoreson【B7】______testseveninchildrenwhodidnothavesuchsignsoflead【B8】______.Afterthat,leadwasremovedfromgasolineandpaintintheUnitedStates.Yetmanyhomesstillhaveoldleadpaint.Leadwasalsousedinolderwaterpipes.Infact,【B9】______.

Thenewestresearchshowsthatevenverysmallamountsofleadinbonescanaffectbraindevelopment.【B10】______.In2008,suchtestsweredoneon190youngpeoplewhowereinjailandthefindingsshowedthattheiraveragelevelswerehigherthannormal.And,in2002,【B11】______.Yettheselevelswerestillconsideredsafebythegovernment.

【B1】

30.(35)

A.BecausemanyVictorianbridesbelievedinthemythofvirginity.

B.Becausewhiteweddingdresswereveryexpensive.

C.BecauserichVictorianbridesworewhiteweddingdressasadisplayofwealth.

D.Becausewhitedresswasassociatedwithspecialoccasions.

31.(26)

A.Stayathome.

B.Visittheexhibitionlater.

C.Hewillgothereindividually.

D.Gotovisititwiththewoman.

32.听力原文：W:JeanreallylosthertemperinDr.Brown'sclassthismorning.Wewereallshockedbyheraggressiveness.

M:Oh,didshe?ButIthinkherfranknessisreallysomethingtobeappreciated.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(15)

A.HeadmiresJean'sstraightforwardness.

B.HethinksDr.Browndeservesthepraise.

C.HewilltalktoJeanaboutwhathappened.

D.HebelievesJeanwasrudetoDr.Brown.

33.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Takingyourdogonvacationmayhavebeen【B1】______adecadeago,buttodayit'sflee.

【B2】______thepet-friendlyhotel,wheredogsarejustpartofthefamily,theLoewsMiamiBeachhashadmorethan1,200B3【B3】______guestssofarthisyear.Dogs,likekids,stayfreethere.

Alotofpeoplejustwanttotravelwiththeiranimals,sothehotel【B4】______gueststocomewiththeirpets.Thehotelhasaspecial【B5】______forthemfromthetimetheyenterthedoortillthetimetheyleave.

Therearefleshgrapesbythepoolforthediscerningdogandacupoficecubesforthehotdog.Anddon'tforgetthespecialdoggiedinnermenu.Thehotelkitchen【B6】______tocaninesaswellastheirmasters.Themostpopulardogdishisa【B7】______ofbeef,vegetablesandrice.It'sreallygreat.【B8】______,thepeoplefoodisevenbetter.

【B9】______.Someofthemdon'thavechildren,andthedogsmayfillthatgapforthem.【B10】______.Butwhatpetwouldn'twanttobewelcomedbacktoawelcomemealthatincludesanall-beefhamburgerbone?

【B11】______.

【B1】

34.

【B4】

35.听力原文：M:Howaboutyesterday'slecturesonAmericanFolklore?

W:Theyweren'tatallboring.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelectures?

(16)

A.Thelectureswereallboring.

B.Notallthelectureswereinteresting.

C.Thelectureswereratherinteresting.

D.Thelectureswerejustsoso.

36.(29)

A.Differencesbetweenpeoplewillgraduallydisappear.

B.Differencesbetweenpeoplewillnotexistasonehopes.

C.Differencesbetweenpeoplewillalwayscontinuetoexistandtheworldwillbeadullplace.

D.Differencesbetweenpeopledoexisteventhoughdifferentnationalitiesbehaveexactlyalike.

37.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:I'mscurry,Mike.Ihavetoputoffourmeetingtillfouro'clockthisafternoon.Mr.Andersonwantsmetorevisetheannualreportrightnow.

M:Takeyourtime.Myscheduleisflexible.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(12)

A.Themeetingisnotonhisschedule.

B.Hedoesn'tmindpostponingthemeeting.

C.Themeetinggoesagainsthisschedule.

D.Hedoesn'tmindhavingmeetingaheadofschedule.

38.听力原文：OK,soinourlastclasswewerediscussingbigbandsswingmusic.Yourememberthiswasakindofdancemusicwithasteadyrhythm.(26)Buttodaywedealwithmusicplayedbysmallerjazzbands.It'scalledbebopand(27)itmayuseallsortsofnewtypesofrhythms,someofwhichareveryirregular.We'lltalkmoreaboutthatlater.(26)ButfirstIwanttotalkaboutsomeofthesocialelementsthatIbelievecontributedtothedevelopmentofbebopmusic.Todothis,wehavetolookatwhenbeboparoseandstartedbecomingsopopular,whichwasfromthelate1930sthroughthe1940s,fromthetimeoftheenvironmentforbebopmusicwasthedeclineoftheUSeconomy.Duringthegreatdepression,theeconomysufferedtremendously.Andfewerpeoplehadmoneytospendonentertainment.ThenduringWorldWarIIthegovernmentimposedanewtaxonpublicentertainment,whatyoumightcallperformancetax.(28)Thegovernmentcollectedmoneyonperformancesthatincludedanytypesofacting,dancingorsinging,butnotinstrumentalmusic.Sotoavoidthisnewtax,somejazzbandsstoppedusingsingersaltogether.(29)Theystartedrelyingonthecreativityoftheinstrumentalisttoattractaudiences.(28)Thiswaswhatbebopbandsdid.Nowrememberalotofbandshavesingers.Sotheinstrumentalistssimplyplayedinthebackgroundandhadoccasionalsoloswhilethesingersangthemelodytosongs,butnotbebopbands.(27)Sotheinstrumentalistshadmuchmorefreedomtobecreative.Sotheyexperimented,playingthemusicfasterandusingnewirregularsortsofrhythms.

(33)

A.Characteristicsofbigbandsswingmusic.

B.Thedevelopmentofbebop.

C.TherelationshipbetweenAmericanmusicandeconomy.

D.Thedifferencesbetweenbebopmusicandswingmusic.

39.听力原文：W:Ourrentisnowalready＄800amonth.

M:Iknow.It'sexactlyone-thirdmorethanitwaswhenwefirstmovedin.

Q:Howmuchrenthadbeenpaidatfirst?

(16)

A.＄450.B.＄750.C.＄600.D.＄800.

40.听力原文：M：Arewomeneverseeninthemediatobesuperiortomen?

W：Veryrarely,infact．Andwhentheyareseentobebetter,orfaster，orstrongerthanmentheyarealsoseentobeafreak(反常的；稀罕的)．Youknow，someonewithsuperhumanpowers．Inotherwords，theyarenotseentobeanordinarypersonlikeyouorme．

M：Whydoyouthinkthisis?

W：(23)It'sprobablybecauseifpeopleknowit'stooridiculoustobetrue,thentheyarenotgoingtobelieveit．Thiswayitwon'tharmmen'simage．

M：Sowhat'stheInternetlike?

W：(24)Infact．IthinktheInternetisprobablytheworstofallthemedia．Idon'tknowwhyexactly,butIthinkitisprobablybecausethereislittleornocontrolovertheInternet．Instead，theInternetisseenasatypeofno-man'sland，ifyoulike．Thatistosayit'snotactuallyownedbyoneperson,oronecompany．ThereforepeoplearefreetoputwhateverinformationontlieInternettheywant．

M：SowouldyousaythenthatinformationontheInternetshouldbesupervised?

W：IthinkthereshouldbesomecontrolovertheInternetbecausesomeoftheimagesaredangerous．

M：Dangerous?I'mafraidyoumightbeexaggeratingaboutit．

W：Notreally,indeed．ForadultsIguessit'snotsuchabigproblembecausematurepeopleareabletodecideforthemselveswhattobelieveandwhatnottobelieve．(25)Butchildrenareadifferentmatter．Theyacceptinformationthatispresentedtothemwithouquestioningthatinformationorconsideringtheconsequencesofbelievingit．Inotherwords，childrenbelievewhattheysee,orwhattheyaretold．

M：Yes，itisreallyabigproblem．

(20)

A.Becausewomenaresuperiorinreallife.

B.Becausemenwanttokeeptheirimage.

C.Becausewomencan'tbebetterthanmen.

D.Becausenobodybelieveswomen'spower.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.FromParagraph1,wecanlearnthat______.

A.withInternet,studentsmayfinditevenmoredifficulttodoresearchwork

B.Internetrarelyprovidesstudentswiththesourceofmaterialsforpapercompiling

C.Internethasbeatenthecompaniesdevotingtoacademecheatinggreatly

D.theinventionofInternethascreatedgreatopportunitiesforacademiccheating

42.SomeofthemostbasicconceptsofpsychologyweredefinedbySigmundFreudandtwoofhisfollowers,AlfredAdlerandCarlGustavJung.

SigmundFreud,anAustrianneurologist,wasthefounderofpsychoanalysisand,somewouldsay,ofmodernpsychologyitself.ThemainhypothesisofFreud'stheoryisthathumanbehavior.isdeterminedprimarilybyunconsciousmotives.Theseunconsciousmotivescanbediscoveredthroughtheuseoffreeassociation,thatis,throughtalkingoutproblemswiththepatient.Freud'stheoryofpersonalityinvolvedthreebroadareasofinvestigationintohumanbehavior.structural,dynamic,anddevelopmental.Structurally,Freuddividedthehumanpersonalityintoid,ego,andsuperego.Theidisthecompletelyunconsciouspartofself.Itistherepository(资源)ofone'sinstinctualneedsanddrives.Freudpositedthatitconsistedofeverythingpsychologicalthatwasinherited.

Theegoistherationalaspectofthepersonality.Itgovernstheimpulsiveneedscreatedbytheidanddecideswhichneedscanandwillbesatisfiedaccordingtotheconditionsoftheenvironment.Thesuperegoistheconscience,theethicalormoralaspectofpersonality.Itisformedbythetraditionalvaluesandidealsofthesocietyorcultureinwhichapersonisborn.Thesuperegostrivesfortheideal.The"conscience"partprovidesguiltfeelingswhenmoralvaluesareviolated.The"ego-ideal"partprovidesfeelingsofpridewhentheselfactsinconsonancewithtraditionalvaluesofthegroup.

Freud'sdynamicconceptsinvolvedinstinct,libido,andanxiety.Generally,wetermbehavior.asinstinctiveifitoccurswithoutanyapparentopportunityofitshavingbeenlearned.Freud's"instinct"differedinthatitreferstoaninbornbodilyconditionrepresentedby"wish"and"need".Libidoisdescriptiveofone'semotionalorpsychicenergy.Thisenergyenableslife"instincts"toperform.theirworkandisderivedfromprimitivebiologicalurges,forexample,thesexdrive.Thus,thelibidoisusuallygoaldirected.Anxiety,inpsychologicalterms,isanuncontrollablestateoffearoftenunrelatedtoaspecificobjectorevent.Freud'sdevelopmentalconceptsincludedidentification,displacement,defensemechanisms,andpsychosexualstages.Identificationlabelsthebehavior.ofanindividualwhoimitatesanotherpersonorgroup(moviestar,gangster,etc.).Displacementoccurswhentheinstinctisblockedandthefrustratedenergyisthendivertedtosubstituteobjects.Defensemechanisms(repression,projection,andreaction)describebehavior.reactingtorelieveextremepressureandtodefendtheego.Psychosexualstagesrefertothefivesetstagesofanindividual,frombirththroughadolescence,oral(breast-suckingbabyhood),anal(toilet-trainingperiod),phallic(3-6years'developmentofsexualfeelings),latency(intermediatestagebetweenphallicandbeginningofpuberty(青春期),andgenital(formationofgenuinerelationshipsandtheendofnarcissism(自我陶醉)).

Freud'stwodisciplesbrokewiththemas