2022-2023年山东省淄博市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)

2022-2023年山东省淄博市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Besidesthewayofthreadinganultrathinwirewithblood-flowsensors,anothernoninvasivewayofdetectingmicro-vasculardiseaseistouse______.

2.

Intheearly1860's,moreChinesewereshippedtoCaliforniatoworkas______.

A.goldminersB.railroadbuildersC.steelworkersD.farmhands

3.

ColinAngleconsidersrobotsarenotsodifferentasto______.

4.Nodirectrelationshiphasbeenprovenbetweenhighcholesterollevelsandheartattacks.

5.

Theplantswouldbeinsectresistantasagenefromthesoilbacteriumcoulddirectcellstoproduce______thatistoxictocertaininsects.

6.

Theideaofusingdogstopullsledsbegan______.

A.some35000yearsago

B.1000yearsago

C.before1000B.C.

D.before1908

7.

Insuranceagainstrisksatanacceptablepricecanonlyberealizedwhentheamountofpeoplefacingthesimilarriskisquitelarge.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

WhichisoneoftheservicesofferedbyKelly?

A.TomakesureyourCVmeetstherequirements.

B.TohelpfilltheCVonline.

C.TohelphandyourCVtothecompanies.

D.Toestablishatimetableforyou.

9.

ThequickdevelopmentoftheInternetleadstomoreofficespacesavailable.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Themaindifficultiesofspaceflightareneither______nor______.

11.

Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwithcustodyandaccess,youcansolveitby______.

12.SomeNotesonGender-NeutralLanguage

General

Thepracticeofassigningmasculinegendertoneutraltermscomesfromthefactthateverylanguagereflectstheprejudicesofthesocietyinwhichitevolved,andEnglishevolvedthroughmostofitshistoryinamale-centered,patriarchalsociety.Likeanyotherlanguage,however,Englishisalwayschanging.Oneonlyhastoreadaloudsentencesfromthe19thcenturyhooksassignedforthisclasstosensetheshiftsthathaveoccurredinthelast150years.Whenreaderspickupsomethingtoread,theyexpectdifferentconventionsdependingonthetimeinwhichthematerialwaswritten.Aswritersin1995,weneedtobenotonlyawareoftheconventionsthatourreadersmayexpect,butalsoconsciousoftheresponsesourwordsmayelicit.Inaddition,weneedtoknowhowtheshiftingnatureoflanguagecanmakecertainwordsawkwardormisleading.

"Man"

Manoncewasatrulygenericwordreferringtoallhumans,buthasgraduallynarrowedinmeaningtobecomeawordthatreferstoadultmalehumanbeings.Anglo-Saxonsusedthewordtorefertoallpeople.OneexampleofthisoccurswhenanAnglo-Saxonwriterreferstoaseventh-centuryEnglishprincessas"awonderfulman".ManparalleledtheLatinwordhomo,"amemberofthehumanspecies."notvir,"anadultmaleofthespecies."TheOldEnglishwordforadultmalewaswaepmanandtheoldEnglishwordforadultwomanwaswifman.Inthecourseoftime,wifmanevolvedintotheword"woman.""Man"eventuallyceasedtobeusedtorefertoindividualwomenandreplacedwaepmanasaspecifictermdistinguishinganadultmalefromanadultfemale.Butmancontinuedtobeusedingeneralizationsaboutbothsexes.

Bythe18thcentury,themodern,narrowsenseofmanwasfirmlyestablishedasthepredominantone.WhenEdmundBurke,writingoftheFrenchRevolution,usedmenintheold,inclusiveway,hetookpainstospellouthismeaning:"Suchadeplorablehavocismadeinthemindsofmen(bothsexes)inFrance..."ThomasJeffersondidnotmakethesamedistinctionindeclaringthat"allmenarecreatedequal"and"governmentsareinstitutedamongmen,derivingtheirjustpowersfromtheconsentofthegoverned."Inatimewhenwomen,havingnovote,couldneithergivenorwithholdconsent,Jeffersonhadtobeusingthewordmeninitsprincipalsenseof"males,"anditprobablyneveroccurredtohimthatanyonewouldthinkotherwise.Lookingatmoderndictionariesindicatethatthedefinitionthatlinks"man'withmalesisthepredominantone.Studiesofcollegestudentsandschoolchildrenindicatethatevenwhenthebroaddefinitionsof"msn"and"men"aretaught,theytendtoconjureupimagesofmalepeopleonly.Wewouldneverusethesentence"Agirlgrowsuptobeaman,"becauseweassumethenarrowerdefinitionofthewordman.

ThePronounProblem

ThefirstgrammarsofmodernEnglishwerewritteninthe16thand17thcenturies.TheyweremainlyintendedtohelpboysfromupperclassfamiliesprepareforthestudyofLatin,alanguagemostscholarsconsideredsuperiortoEnglish.ThemaleauthorsoftheseearliestEnglishgrammarswroteformalereadersinanagewhenfewwomenwereliterate.Themasculine-genderpronouns(代词)didnotreflectabeliefthatmasculinepronounscouldrefertobothsexes.Thegrammarsofthisperiodcontainnoindicationthatmasculinepronounsweresex-inclusivewhenusedingeneralreferences.Insteadthesepronounsreflectedtherealityofmaleculturaldominanceandthemale-centeredworldviewthatresulted.

"He"startedtobeusedasagenericpronounbygrammarianswhoweretryingtochangealong-establishedtraditionofusing"they"asasingularpronoun.In1850anActofParliamentgaveofficialsanction(批准)totherecentlyinventedconceptofthe"generic"he.InthelanguageusedinactsofParliament,the

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Apersonmightneeda______amountof2,000caloriestomaintainahealthycondition

14.

IfAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience,theycannotsurvivetheseverecompetitionbetweendevelopedcountries.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.TheHydrogenEconomy

Itseemslikeeverydaythereisanewannouncementinthenewsaboutautomobilespoweredbyfuelcells.Thepromisesaregreat,sincefuelceilshavethepotentialtoveryquicklydoubletheefficiencyofcarswhilesignificantlyreducingairpollution.

Atthesametime,therehavebeennewsstoriesfordecadesabouttheproblemsassociatedwithpetroleum.Everythingfromoilspillstoozonealertstoglobalwarminggetsblamedonourdependenceonfossilfuels.Thesetwoforcesareleadingtheworldtowardwhatisbroadlyknownasthehydrogeneconomy.Ifthepredictionsaretrue,overthenextseveraldecadeswewillallbegintoseeanamazingshiftawayfromthefossilfueleconomywehavetodaytowardamuchcleanerhydrogenfuture.

ProblemswiththeFossilFuelEconomy

Whilefossilfuelshaveplayedanimportantroleingettingsocietytothepointitisattoday,therearefourbigproblemsthatfossilfuelscreate:

Airpollution—Whencarsburngasoline,theinternalcombustionenginealsoproduces:

-Carbonmonoxide,apoisonousgas

-Nitrogenoxides,themainsourceofurbansmog

-Unburnedhydrocarbons,themainsourceofurbanozone

Environmentalpollution—Theprocessoftransportingandstoringoilhasabigimpactontheenvironmentwheneversomethinggoeswrong.Anoilspill,pipelineexplosionorwellfirecancreateahugemess.

Globalwarming—Thecarbondioxidecomingoutofeverycar'stailpipeisagreenhousegasthatisslowlyraisingthetemperatureoftheplanet.Theultimateeffectsareunknown,butitisastrongpossibilitythat,eventually,therewillbedramaticclimatechangesthataffecteveryoneontheplanet.

Dependence—TheUnitedStates,andmostothercountries,cannotproduceenoughoiltomeetdemand,sotheyimportitfromoil-richcountries.Thatcreatesaneconomicdependence.WhenMiddleEastoilproducersdecidetoraisethepriceofoil,therestoftheworldhaslittlechoicebuttopaythehigherprice.

AdvantagesoftheHydrogenEconomy

Thehydrogeneconomypromisestoeliminatealloftheproblemsthatthefossilfueleconomycreates.Therefore,theadvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyinclude:

Theeliminationofpollutioncausedbyfossilfuels—Whenhydrogenisusedinafuelcelltocreatepower,itisacompletelycleantechnology.Theonlybyproductiswater.Therearealsonoenvironmentaldangerslikeoilspillstoworryaboutwithhydrogen.

Theeliminationofgreenhousegases—Ifthehydrogencomesfromtheelectrolysisofwater,thenhydrogenaddsnogreenhousegasestotheenvironment.Thereisaperfectcycle—electrolysisproduceshydrogenfromwater,andthehydrogenrecombineswithoxygentocreatewaterandpowerinafuelcell.

Theeliminationofeconomicdependence—TheeliminationofoilmeansnodependenceontheMiddleEastanditsoilreserves.

Distributedproduction—Hydrogencanbeproducedanywherethatyouhaveelectricityandwater.Peoplecanevenproduceitintheirhomeswithrelativelysimpletechnology.

Theproblemswiththefossilfueleconomyaresogreat,andtheenvironmentaladvantagesofthehydrogeneconomysosignificant,thatthepushtowardthehydrogeneconomyisverystrong.

TechnologicalHurdles

Thebigquestionwiththehydrogeneconomyis,"Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?"Afterthatcomesthequestionoftransporting,distributingandstoringhydrogen.Hydrogentendstobelargeandtrickyinitsnaturalgaseousform.Oncebothofthesequestionsareansweredinaneconomicalway,thehydrogeneconomywillbeinplace.

WhereDoestheHydrogenComeFrom?

Therearetwopossiblesourcesforthehydrogen:

Electrolysisofwater—usingelectricit

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Todayatmosphericcarbondioxideconcentrationsare31percentmorethanthatof______.

17.

Theloud,distinctivenoisesofgenuinelaughteroftenmakeitspreadmorequicklyto______.

18.

Somepeople'spowertosatisfyhisorherurgetoeatcanbeenhancedby______.

19.

AccordingtotheFAO,asthedemandfororganicfoodandproductsincreases,priceswillbelowerfororganicproductsthanconventionalproducts.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Theexistingsatellitesarenotgoodatdetectingthethicknessoftheicepartlybecausetheorbitsofsatelliteswith______donotcovereveryportionoftheocean.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(25)

A.Peopleworkinginalargefactory.

B.Peoplewalkingoncrowdedcitystreets.

C.Aneverydayactivityinasmalltown.

D.Awell-knownhistoricalevent.

22.(45)

23.(32)

A.Hewasoneofthebest-educatedmenoftheWest.

B.Hewasthebest-knownlawyerinIllinois.

C.HewastheonlyUnitedStatesPresidentwhoWasbornintoapoorfamilyandhadlittleformaleducation.

D.Hewasoneoftheworld'sgreatestmenofalltime.

24.(42)

25.(26)

A.Itsauthorisunknown.

B.It'susefulasateachingtool.

C.Itusesanextensivevocabulary.

D.Childrenfinditrepetitiveandboring.

26.【B1】

27.(16)

A.Theresultiswhatshehadexpected.

B.Thetestisnotwelldesigned.

C.Toofewstudentsgothighmarks.

D.Differencesbetweenstudents'gradesarebig.

28.

【B8】

29.听力原文：TheAfricanancestorsoftoday'sblackAmericanswerebroughttotheU.S.slavesintheseventeenth，eighteenth,andnineteenthcenturies．Theyworkedonfarms，especiallythelargefarmsinthesouthernstates．SlowlytheybecameanecessarypartoftheeconomicsystemoftheSouth．

Slavesdidnothavetherightsofpeople，accordingtothelaw,theywere“things”whichbelongedtothepersonwhoboughtthem．Theyhadtoobeytheordersoftheirownerswithoutquestion．(32)Theywerenotallowedtolearntoread,becausetheirownersfearedthateducatedslaveswouldbegintothinkabouttheinjusticeofthesystemandwouldlearntostrugglefortheirfreedom.Slaveshadtoworklonghoursinextremelyunhealthyconditions．Theirownershadcompletepoweroverthem．Theycouldbeboughtandsoldlikeanimals．Attheslavemarkets,blackchildrenwereseparatedfromtheirparentsandneversawthemagain．(33)Slaveownershadtherighttopunishseverelyanyslavewhobrokerulesorprotestedagainstthesystem.Slaveswereoftenbeatenbrutallybytheirownersorkilled．(34)AftertheCivilWar,onefreeslavereportedthathisownerskilledanolderslavewhowasteachinghimtoread.Therewasalawagainstbrutalitytoslaves,(35)sointheoryanownerwhotreatedaslavebadlycouldbepunished.Inpractice，however,thelawmeantnothing．Anotherlawsaidthatslavescouldnotgiveevidenceagainstwhitepeople，soveryfewownerswereeverpunishedfortheirbrutality.

(33)

A.Theyweretoobusyworkingtolearntoread.

B.Theirownerswereafraidtheycouldread.

C.Theyhadnoonetoteachthemtoread.

D.Theythoughtreadingwasnotnecessary.

30.(22)

A.Hetriestomaketheman'sdatingsuccessful.

B.Hewantstodividethecouple.

C.Heremindthemanwheretheyweremeeting.

D.Hemeanstobringthecouplecloser.

31.(21)

A.Whyspeciesdon'tavoidextinctionbyadapting.

B.Whyspeciesbecomeextinctattheratetheydo.

C.Whyhumansaren'textinct.

D.Howmanyspeciesaren'textinct.

32.听力原文：M:Oh.Hithere.Abeauty,isn'tshe?Doyouwanttotakeheratestride?

W:Well...Um.Howoldisit?

M:Well,it'sonlythreeyearsold.

W:Andwhat'sthemileage?

M:Uh,letmecheck.Ohyes.75,000miles.

W:75,000miles?That'squiteabitforacarthat'sonlythreeyearsold.

M:Well,onceyou'reinthedriver'sseat,you'llfallinlovewithher.Getin.

W:Ugh...Uh,Ican'tseemtogetthedooropen.Itcouldbebroken.

M:Ah,justgiveheralittletap.Ugh.Nowshe'sopened.

W:Great.AdoorIhavetobeatuptoopen.

M:Hey.Getinandstartherup.

W:Oh,thereseemstobesomethingwrong.

M:Well,it'sprobably,thebattery.Iknowshehasenoughgasinher,andIhadourmechaniccheckheroutjustyesterday.Tryitagain.

W:Okay.Howmuchisthisanyway?

M:Oh.It'sarealbargaintodayandtomorrowonlyat$15,775,plusyougettheextendedwarrantycoveringdefects,wear,andtearbeyondthenormalmaintenanceonthevehicleforanextra$500forthenext30,000miles.

W:Uh.Well,almost$16,000isalittleoutofmypricerange,plustheseatscoversaretornalittle.

M:Well,hey,Imightbeabletotalkthemanagerintoloweringthepriceanothertwohundreddollars,butthat'saboutall.

W:No,thanks.IthinkI'lljustkeeplooking.

(20)

A.He'stryingtobuyausedcar.

B.He'stryingtopassadrivingtest.

C.He'stryingtohavehiscarrepaired.

D.He'stryingtosellacar.

33.【B4】

34.

【B3】

35.

【B6】

36.(29)

A.Theycarriedpassengers,butnotcargo.

B.Theywerelarge,butsurprisinglyfast.

C.Theywerethefirstsuccessfulsteam-poweredships.

D.Theyweremorereliablethanothershipsofthe1860's.

37.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.76.B.54.C.92.D.58.

38.听力原文：W:Whatdoyoudoforaliving,Frank?

M:Iamanaerospaceengineer.IhavebeenworkingforNASAforoverfifteenyears.

W:Wow,thatsoundsfascinating.Whatprojectshaveyoubeeninvolvedin?

M:Well,untilrecently,IwasheavilyinvolvedintheCassinimission.Idon'tknowifyou'refamiliarwithitornot.It'soneofNASA'smostexpensiveandambitiousprojects.WearesendingaprobetoexploreSaturnanditsmoons.

W:Thatsoundsreallyinteresting.Areyouinanywayinvolvedintheconstructionoftheinternationalspacestation?

M:Actually,that'swhatI'mworkingonnow.I'mcurrentlyatechnicalliaisonbetweenNASAandseveralEuropeanspaceagencies.It'saninterestingjob,butitcanbeabittoomuchattimes.Theinternationalspacestationisprobablythelargestinternationalventureeverattempted,andIamconstantlydealingwithtechnicaldifficulties,budgetproblems,anddelays.It'snoteasycoordinatingtheeffortsofallthosecountries.IhavebeantoEuropethreetimesinthelastmonth,andIhavetogotoKazakhstannextweek.

W:AndIunderstandthere'ssomecontroversysurroundingthespacestation.Don'tsomepeopleworrythatNASAisspendingtoomuchmoneyontheproject?

M:Manyexpertshavecomplainedthattheprojecthasgrownoutofcontrolandbecomefartooexpensive.ButIlookatitasmorethanaspacestation;Ibelieveit'shelpingtofosterinternationalscientificcooperation.It'snicetoseethescientistsoftheworldworkingtogethertocreateastepping-stonetothefuture.

(20)

A.Itplanstosendaprobetoexplorethemoon.

B.It'sNASA'smostexpensiveprojectsofar.

C.It'sanambitiousproject.

D.It'sinvolvedintheconstructionoftheAmericanspacestation.

39.听力原文：It'sgenerallyagreedthatserious,violentcrimehasreachedalarminglaroportionsintheUnitedStates.AsurveybytheLawEnforcementAssistanceAdministrationfoundthat61%ofallwomenfeelunsafeintheirownneighborhoodsatnight;that45%ofthepopulationisafraidtowalkaloneatnightneartheirownhomes;andthat47%ownguns,largeforself-protection.

Thosearrestedforcrimesanddisproportionatelylikelytobemale,young,amemberofaracialminority,andacityresident.Malesarearrestedaboutfourtimesasoftenasfemales.Onlyinjuvenilerunawaycasesandprostitutionarefemalesmoreoftenarrested.Oneisthesexrolestereotypingwhichencouragesmalestobemoreaggressiveanddaring,whilefemalesareencouragedtobemorepassiveandconformingtotherulesandnorms.Thesecondreasonisthetendencyofpoliceofficersandthecourtstodealmorekindlywithfemaleoffenders.However,itshouldbenoted,inthepastdecade,crimeamongfemaleshasbeenincreasingatmuchfasterratethanamongmales,anegativesideeffectwhichhasbeenattributedtowomenchallengingthetraditionalsexroleofpassivityandconformity.

Youngpeopleappeartocommitfarmorethantheirshareofcrime,includingthecrimesthatareclassifiedbytheFBIasmostserious-rape,murder,robbery,arson,burglary,aggravatedassault,autotheft.In1985,31%ofallarrestswereofpersonundertheageof21,and50%ofallarrestswereofpersonsunder25.

(30)

A.Forhunting.

B.Forprotectinghimself.

C.Forstimulation.

D.Forprotectingthecountry.

40.【B8】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

【C8】

42.Accordingtothepassage,elementaryschoolsencouragechildrento______.

A.playgameswiththeirmatesafterschool

B.spendmoretimeonsomehands-onactivities

C.domorequietactivitiesinsteadofactiveones

D.putalltheirtimeandenergyintoreadingandmathdrills

43.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheeconomicfoundationofsocietyisdependenton______.

A.theabilitytomakemoney

B.thewilltoworkforpleasure

C.thecapacitytoenjoyincentives

D.thecategorizationsofouremotionalexperiences

44.

Anewtendencyisdemographicchangeisthat______.

A.lifeexpectancyhasbeengoingupsteadily

B.thereisadeclineoftheyoungpopulation

C.inAmericathebirthratehasgoneabovereplacementlevel

D.theoldpopulationhasrisensharplyinUSA

45.

Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat______.

A.rewardsarequiteeffectiveinAmerica

B.rewardscanpromoteproductivityinAmerica

C.Americansspeakhighlyofrewards

D.rewardsarenotsopopularinAmericansociety

46.

TogeneticistslikeLewontinandHartl,thecurrentmethod______.

A.isnotsoconvincingastoexcludethelikelihoodthattwoDNAsamplescannevercomefromtwoindividuals

B.isbeyonddisputebecausetwoindividualsofthesameethnicgrouparelikelytohavethesameDNApattern

C.isnotbasedonadequatescientifictheoryofgenetics

D.istheoreticallycontradictorytowhattheyhavebeenstudying

47.

Whichisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Careaboutappearanceinformalsituations.

B.Fashioninformalandinformalsituations.

C.Ignoringappearanceininformalsituations.

D.Ignoringappearanceinallsituations.

48.

Theauthorimpliesthatallelomimeticbehavior.occursmostoftenamonganimalsthat______.

A.preyonotheranimals

B.arelessintelligentthantheirenemies

C.moveingroups

D.haveonesenseorganthatdominatesperception

49.

Thestorywassetprimarilyin______.

A.KlondikeinCanada

B.afarminCalifornia

C.theYukon

D.thewildinCalifornia

50.By"awell-oiledcoginthemachinery"theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis______.

A.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

B.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

C.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual'sfunctionisnegligible

D.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

51.

Theneareraplanetistothesun,______.

A.thelighteritis

B.theheavieritis

C.thegreatergravityitexerts

D.thetasteritorbits

52.

Thegapyearwillbemeaningfulforan18-year-oldif______.

A.theirparentshelpthemmakeathoughtfulplan

B.theydowhattheylike

C.theygetenoughfinancialsupportfromtheirparents

D.theyspendtimedoingnothinginCornwall

53.

Theword"them"(Line6,Para.3)refersto______.

A.gaps

B.roadcourtesies

C.otherdriversontheroad

D.chancesforadrivertoaccelerate

54.

【C2】

55.

In1935-1936,Americans'attitudetowardtheothercountriesmaybedescribedasbeing______.

A.radicalB.isolatedC.calmD.indifferent

56.

Accordingtothepassage,aperson'slife,fromhisbirthtohisdeath,______.

A.isconstantlyshapingtheculturaltraditionsofhispeople

B.ispredominatedbytraditionalcustom

C.iscontinuallyinfluencedbythehabitsofothercommunities

D.ischieflyinfluencedbythepeoplearoundhim

57.

Theword"flip"(lastsentence,Paragraphtwo)mostprobablymeans______.

A.declineB.intensifyC.fluctuateD.reverse

58.Accordingtotheauthor,thefortunesofHerakleionandEasternCanopusdeclinedin______.

59.

Theword"amygdala"(Para.4)probablyreferstotheareainthebrainthat______.

A.memorizesfearfulsituations

B.reactstofearfulsituations

C.controlnegativeemotions

D.reflectsunforgettableimages

60.

HSBCwouldrejectaprojectifitfailstomeet______.

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.【S3】

62.

【S2】

63.

【S8】

64.

【S4】

65.

【S7】

五、6.Translation(5题)66.Theundergraduateinsistedthat______(他到南方去工作).

67.Astudentmust______(吸收尽可能多的知识)tolayasolidfoundationforhisfuturecareer.

68.Justbecauseasubjectisdifficult,_____________(并不意味着你学不好安).

69.People18to29arethemostmobileagegroup,______(他们过去的迁移模式决定了许多地区的未来发展).

70.Bythemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,paintersandsculptorsintheUnitedStates_______________________.(开始在世界范围内对艺术发生重大影响)

参考答案

1.cardiacMRIcardiacMRI解析：同义转述题。本处需要填入名词性成分来作use的宾语。由定位句可知，题干将原文中的alternative替换成another,iswith替换为istouse，所以with后面的内容即是答案，故答案为cardiacMRI。

2.B解析：原文该段第2句中的workcrewstoconstructthefirsttranscontinentalrailroad表明那时候华人到美国是为了修建铁路，可见本题应选B。

3.deservespecialtreatment/betreatedspeciallydeservespecialtreatment/betreatedspecially解析：第2个小标题Legalproblems部分的第2段最后两句：“Existingregulationswilladdressmuchofthechallenge,”saysMrAngle.“I'mnotyetconvincedthatrobotsaresufficientlydifferentthattheydeservespecialtreatment”根据so…asto…结构推测，空白处应该是动词或动词词组。再根据题目中大写的ColinAngle定位答案所在的段落，可发现原文的different后面是从句结构，因此题目只需相应填上从句中的谓宾部分，或者也可以把原文deservespecialtreatment改写成betreatedspecially。

4.NN解析：本题定位信息是relationship；从而将答案出处定位到文章前三段。这三段重点对highcholesterollevels和heartattacks的关系进行了阐述。首段末句指出，胆固醇含量高对心脏病有重大影响。第三段首句进一步指出这种说法已经被研究证明(Researchhasproven...)，故答案为N。

5.operationsimplificationyieldsincreaseoperationsimplification，yieldsincrease解析：在文章“FewerPoisonsintheSoil”部分中，谈到基因改造作物时，作者说“Theherbicidetoleranttypessurvivewhenexposedtobroad—spectrumweedkillers，potentiallyallowingfarmerstoforgomorepoisonouschemicalsthattargetspecificweedspecies．Farmersliketolimittheuseofmorehazardouspesticideswhentheycan，butGMcropsalsoholdappealbecausetheysimplifyoperations(reducingthefrequencyandcomplexityofpesticideapplications)and，insomecases，increaseyields”。

6.C解析：根据第二段第三句可知，这个想法应该在公元前1000年之前。因此C项为答案。

7.A

8.A解析：细节推断题。此处问凯利服务公司会提供哪项服务?原文列举了CV(简历)的重要性，并指出完善简历是凯利服务的服务项目之一，uptoscratch“达到标准”，即A项中meetstherequirements。

9.A

10.technicalcommercialtechnical，commercial解析：第2段的第l句可以找到答案，要实现这一梦想并不是技术和商业上的问题。

11.applyingtothecourtapplyingtothecourt解析：本题空白处问“父母中的一方对抚养和探望孩子的情况不满怎么办”。根据关键词"custodyandaccess"定位于"Whataboutthechildren?"小标题下，在全文第十六段第三句中提到解决此类问题应该诉诸于法庭。因此，答案为applyingtothecourt。

12.A解析：根据“‘Man’”部分第一段“Manoncewasatrulygenericwordreferringtoallhumans，buthasgraduallynarrowedinmeaningtobecomeawordthatreferstoadultmalehumanbeings．Anglo-Saxonsusedthewordtorefertoallpeople．OneexampleofthisoccurswhenanAnglo-Saxonwriterreferstoaseventh-centuryEnglishprincessas‘awonderfulman．’”可见，“man”这个词最初是泛指所有人的，到了17世纪还有作家把公主描述成“awonderfulman．”。故此句判断为YES。

13.dailyaverage

14.C解析：根据题干中的信息词competitiveinscience定位到第一个小标题下的最后一句，可知DavidBaltimore认为，美国人如果在理科没有竞争力，就无法保证现有的生活水平、国家安全和生活方式，但并没有提到他们无法在发达国家的激烈竞争中存活下来。

15.B解析：根据原文的小标题可知，文章探讨了矿物燃料经济(fossilfueleconomy)的弊病、氢能经济(hydrogeneconomy)的优点、需要解决的技术问题以及氢能经济的前景，但并未涉及氢能经济的缺点，因此题干未能准确表述文章主旨。

16.17501750解析：参见第3个小标题TYPESOFGREENHOUSEGASES下面第4段第3、4句：In1750therewereabout281moleculesofcarbondioxidepermillionmoleculesofair．Todayatmosphericcarbondioxideconcentrationsare368ppm，whichreflectsa31percentincrease．

17.individualsaroundusindividualsaroundus解析：第11段最后一句：Eventodayourinhibitionsseemtobedrivenawaywhenwearelaughing，andoftenthevolumeofgenuinelaughtermakesitmoreinfectioustoindividualsaroundus．空白处需要名词性成分。题目中的loud，distinctivenoises在原文第11段第1句出现，原文最后一句提到的thevolume也是此义。题目空白处前的spreadmorequickly相当于原文中的moreinfectious，因此答案为to后的名词成分。

18.meditationorprayermeditationorprayer解析：由题干关键词satisfyhisorherurgetoeat定位到第八个小标题下最后一句。对于一些人来说，沉思或祷告可以提高他们满足自己想吃东西的欲望的能力。

19.C解析：本题涉及到有机食品的价格问题，从而将题目出处定位到WhyisorganicFoodSoExpensive?部分。该部分末段提到FAO指出organicproduce的成本应该会降低(shouldreducecosts)，但并没有提到会降到lowerthanconventionalproducts，因此题干的内容从原文中找不到依据，故答案为NG。

20.radaraltimetersradaraltimeters解析：根据题干中的信息词satellites、detectingthethickness和orbits定位到倒数第二个小标题下的第三段，可知现有的人造卫星可以很好地测量冰的覆盖范围，却不太擅长测量厚度，其部分原因在于带有雷达测高计的卫星的轨道无法覆盖大海的各个部分。

21.C解析：Whatkindofscenemightbeshowninatypicalregionalistpainting?

22.TherewasareasongivenforeachdenialbutJamesMeredithdidnotbelieveanyoftheexcusesTherewasareasongivenforeachdenial，butJamesMeredithdidnotbelieveanyoftheexcuses

23.D

24.somehow

25.B

26.claimedclaimed解析：此处应该填入一个动词，根据itis来判定此句为强调句。

27.D解析：M:Onlyonestudentinmycla