全球化的管理信息系统

1全球化的管理信息系统GlobalInformationSystems2什么是GlobalInformationSystems?一个跨国组织使用的信息系统?不同国家的不同组织使用的一个系统?为什么GIS如此特殊、重要?考虑的问题？3GIS的商业化定义…Aglobalinformationsystemis:anorganisationalandmanagementsolution,basedoninformationtechnology, ...toachallengeposedbytheenvironment …inaninternational/globalcontext4或者…Globalizationoftrade,theemergenceofinformationeconomies,andthegrowthoftheInternet…haverecasttheinternationalroleofISinbusinessandmanagement.TheInternetisingthefoundationfornewwaysofdoingbusinessanddistributingknowledge–aroundtheworld.Suppliers,customers,andintermediariesaregloballyinterconnectedandinterdependent.5与GIS相关的问题系统功能系统开发系统的战略管理与文化相关的问题E-Commerce…6GIS的例子HSBC，DeutscheBank:跨越全球的帐户管理OutsourcingFedEx’sSupertrackerSystem

技术变革组织结构的问题商业与政治环境变革的复杂连接性8技术变革LocalAreaNetworks(LANs)toWideAreaNetworks(WANs)toWirelessNetworksInternet,Intranets,Extranets&PortalsFrompersonalcomputingtocollaborativecomputingtovirtualcomputingFace-to-facetoDistributed(withaudio-andvideo-conferencing)ElectroniccommerceE-everything9Web的发展CNINJPAUUKDEFRFIUSHKAll19970.010.0016724110197.91.819990.030.0051430219133237394.620001.30.521393319154245526.12001 20022.1 3.60.7 ???37 44+53 55+38 57+35 39+20 28+46 52+54 59+54 60+8.5 9.6Source:10组织结构的问题远程办公与远程工作:Tele-workTeamwork减少组织内部的通信层次Outsourcing24hour“roundtheclock”workE-workVirtualWork11商业与政治环境对生产力的要求越来越高全球化竞争的挑战不断缩短的商业周期错综复杂的世界格局不断出现的变革E-everything12挑战上述的每个领域都对组织提出了挑战复杂的局势

TechnologyandGlobalisationarerapidlytransformingnotonlythewaywework,butalsothewaywethinkaboutwork.14文化Patternedwaysofthinking,feelingandreactingBehaviourstylesNegotiatingtechniquesProtocolBusinesspracticesCulturalmisunderstandingscanthreatenorevendestroyyoureffortsinaforeigncountry15UnderstandingCulture…isnotjustaboutobserving.“thesamebehaviourcanhavedifferentmeaningsanddifferentbehaviourscanhavethesamemeaning”[Schneider&Barsoux,1997]Whydopeoplebehaveinthisway?Whataretheirvalues/beliefs?16WhatisCulture?HUMANNATUREuniversaltolaugh

tocryCULTUREgrouplevelconstructWhenisitappropriatetolaugh?tocry?Whereisitappropriatetolaugh?tocry?

wayoflifepasseddownfromonegenerationtothenextthrougheducationandexperience–ConciseColumbiaEncyclopediacollectiveprogrammingofthemind–GeertHofstedePERSONALITYindividualeachofuslaughs

/

cries

atdifferenttimes/places17IcebergModelofCultureBehaviourAttitudesAssumptionsValuesBeliefs18CultureAbovetheSurfaceGreetingsHowshouldyougreetsomeone?kiss,boworshakehandsDoesitdependonwhotheyare?DressWhatisappropriateattireatwork?atafuneral?PunctualityWhatdoesitmeantobe“ontime”?Howquicklyshouldyoureplytoane-mail?GiftgivingShouldyougivegiftstobusinessassociates?What

shouldyougive?

CorporateLogosWhatprojectsthe

“right”

image?19CultureBelowtheSurfaceAttitudes“Ican’tlivewithoutacellphone”Assumptions“Onlyboyscaneengineers”Values“Myfamilyismoreimportantthanmyjob”Beliefs“Mypurposeinlifeis…”20TheInternetandCultureEasytoaccesscontent,mostlyinEnglishandfrom“Western”or“Developed”countriesWebculture?MostlyWesterninfluenced.Universalaccess-butculturallylimitedinscope.MuchculturalinsensitivityNotjusttext,butalsodesign…21ColoursinDifferentCultures

adaptedfromRusso&Boor(1993)Howfluentisyourinterface?ColourCultureRedBlueGreenYellowWhiteAngloDangerStrong;reliableSuccessSafetyCowardPurityFrenchAristocratFreedom;peaceCrimeLucky;temporaryNeutralChineseHappy;SuccessHeavenMingdyn.;cloudsWealthy;powerfulDeath;purityJapaneseAnger;dangerVillainYoung;energeticGrace;nobilityDeathArabDeathVirtueFertile;strongHappy;wealthyJoyIndianLife---Wealth;fertileSuccessDeath222324CultureandWorkplaceIssuesGlobaltransferofISapplications(acrosscultures)isproblematicatbest.Fewresearchershaveinvestigatedtheseissues-probingtheiceberg.Mosttextbooksassumeamonocultural(andethnocentric)perspectiveIfitworksforus,it’llworkforthem.Theyare“human”aren’tthey?!25CultureandWorkplaceIssuesLimitedunderstandingofwhyfailuresoccurbeyondthegeneric“culture”explanation.Descriptionsofsuccessfulglob