【课件】Unit+5Discovering+Useful+Structures人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit5MusicDiscoveringUsfulStructure（过去分词作表语和状语）ThePastParticipleusedasthePredicativeandAdverbial

Part1

PastParticipleasthePredicative(过去分词用作表语)过去分词（done）作表语构成系表结构1.Sheseems

surprisedatthenews.2.Theylooked

frightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.3.Thedooris

closed.过去分词可置于

后作

语，用来表示主语的性质、特征或

。系动词表状态常见的系动词有：状态系动词：be2.持续系动词：keep,remain,stay,3.表象系动词：seem,appear似乎4.感官系动词：look,smell,sound,taste,feel5.变化系动词：become,grow,turn,get变成，变得基本用法1.过去分词可放在连系动词be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等之后作表语，构成主系表结构，表示主语所处的状态,

相当于一个形容词。

excited(激动的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；crowded(拥挤的)；lost(丢失的)；

amazedgone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的)；tired(疲劳的)；pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)；surprised(吃惊的);married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等

常见的作表语的V-ed（过去分词）有:有些过去分词（短语）源于主系表结构，不表被动动作而表示状态。bedressedin

穿着be

lost

in沉浸在bedevotedto

致力于belocatedin

位于beburiedin

专心于固定搭配betiredof厌烦beabsorbedin...专心致志bebornin…

出生在

bepreparedfor....为...准备的V-ed作表语，强调主语的特点或状态，相当于形容词；被动语态中，句子主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟by。

Eg：Thewindowisbroken．

窗户破了

(表状态)

ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.

(表动作)窗户被汤姆打破了。

用法2.V-ed作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别:比较过去分词和现在分词作表语的区别：1.Thenewshetoldusissurprising.Mostofthestudentsaresurprised.

3.Thefilmisexciting.Weareexcited.

过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”主语是人，修饰人；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”，主语是物，修饰物。3.过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：Weare____________(interest)inthefilm.Thefilmis____________(interest)

tous.Michellesounded__________(excite)tohearthenews.Thenewssounded____________(excite).interestedinterestingexcitedexciting过去分词作表语一般形容人,表示

现在分词作表语一般形容物,

表示感到......令人......Thequestionisrather__________(puzzle).puzzlingThestudentisquite___________(puzzle).puzzledMr.Smithdeliveredaspeech,whichwasvery__________(inspire).Theaudiencewere___________(inspire)afterlistenningtothespeech.inspiredinspiring过去分词做表语1.Theplantsthattheyfoundtherewere

(amaze).2.Iwas

(astonish)tolearnthathislonglostchildhadbeenfound.3.She

had

a

(worry)

look

on

her

face

because

she

failed

theexam.

4.

He

looked

(interest)

in

the

idea

I

put

forward.

5.The

motherwenttovisitEinstein.(puzzle)

amazingamazedworriedinterestedpuzzled6.All

his

fans

are

_________(inspire)by

LiJian’s

humor

inVoiceofChina.7.Bebrave.Youlooklikea

___

bird(frighten)8.Thefiercetigerlooks

___

(frighten).Keepawayfromitscageoritwillattackyou.inspiredfrightenedfrighteningPartTwo

PastParticipleastheAdverbial(过去分词用作状语)过去分词作状语1.BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.2.Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”找出下列句子的逻辑主语把下列句子写成两个简单句1.Born

intheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.Whitacre

wasbornintheUSAon2January1970.WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.2.Movedbyhismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Hewasmoved

byhismusic.Hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.Hewasinspired.Heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.

过去分词作状语的条件：过去分词逻辑主语与句子主语一致（同一个主语）过去分词和逻辑主语是被动的关系Eg:Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.Hewasinspired.Heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.

(give)achanceagain,Icandobetter.过去分词作状语的条件：过去分词逻辑主语与句子主语一致（同一主语）过去分词和逻辑主语是被动的关系IwasgivenGiven过去分词作状语的条件：过去分词逻辑主语与句子主语一致（同一主语）过去分词和逻辑主语是被动的关系（有些固定搭配不表被动，表主语的状态）常见的固定搭配：belostin(沉迷);beseated(坐);beborn(出生于);bedressedin(穿着)beinterestedin(对...感兴趣)；beworriedabout(担心);beabsorbedin（专心)过去分词作状语的条件：过去分词逻辑主语与句子主语一致（同一主语）过去分词和逻辑主语是被动的关系（有些固定搭配不表被动，表主语的状态）

Worriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettled(不安的)thesedays.Iwasworried

1.Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettled(不安的)forthefirstfewdays.2.

Iamworried,becausedaddyisill.3.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.4.Givenanotherhour,Icanworkoutthisquestion.5.Hebecameannoyedwiththestudents.6.Leftaloneinthiscity,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.作状语作表语作状语作状语作表语判断下面画线部分在句子中做什么成分作状语

过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、让步等情况。过去分词用作状语Whenwater

isheated,waterturnsintosteam.=heated,waterturnsintosteam.

When过去分词作时间状语1.过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when,while,until”等，使其时间意义更明确。Becausehewasexhausted,hefellfastasleep.=exhausted,hefellfastasleep.BecauseExhausted因为太疲惫了，他很快就睡着了。2.过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since,because或as引导的原因状语从句。IfIamgivenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.=givenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.If过去分词作条件状语3.过去分词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。Given

moretime,wewilldobetter.

--->Ifwearegivenmoretime,wewilldobetter.Althoughhewas

laughedatbyothers,hestillsmilesatlife.=laughedatbyothers,hestillsmilesatlife.Although过去分词作让步状语4.过去分词作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。ThoughIwasinvitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty．即使被他邀请了，我也不会参加聚会。

→

Invitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty．5.过去分词作方式/伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。The

old

man

walkedinthepark,supportedbyhis

wife.=The

old

man

walkedinthepark,andhewassupportedbyhiswife.Thegirlleft,andshewasfollowedbyalittledog.=Thegirlleft,followedbyalittledog.过去分词作方式或伴随状语1.作时间状语，可转换为when,while或after等引导的状语从句。2.作条件状语，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的状语从句。3.作原因状语，可转换为as,since或because等引导状语从句4.作让步状语，可转换为although,though或evenif等引导的状语从句。5.作方式或伴随状语，则可转换为and并列结构。过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随等情况,相当于一个状语从句。1.过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随和结果等，其逻辑主语为主句的_______，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的_______关系;2.可在其前面加上连词______________________等,以便明确作何种状语。

3.相当于一个__________从句或由______连接的并列句。主语被动if/because/when/though状语and归纳过去分词作状语的步骤：判断出所给动词在句中作状语；找出所给动词的逻辑主语（句子的主语)；考虑逻辑主语和所给词的关系，如果是被动关系，用done/过去分词_______(see)fromthehill,the

city

lookslike

a

big

garden.

Seen1.Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.

从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语thecity之间是逻辑上的被动关系)2.Seeingfromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.

从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主动关系)观察下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别.过去分词作状语:现在分词作状语：Difference:现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。观察下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别.过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。（五）解题步骤：1.判断给出的动词在句中充当状语2.找出句子的主语；3.若是充当状语，判断该动词与句子主语是什么关系；4.若是被动关系，则用_______分词;主动关系则用______分词.过去现在Ⅰ.单句填空1.__________（catch）

in

a

heavy

rain,George

was

wet

through.Caught2.The____________look

on

her

face

suggested

that

she

was____________,for

the

scene

was

_____________.（frighten）frightenedfrightenedfrightening3.He

stood

there

silently,_________（move）

to

tears.moved4.The

story

was________________and

we

all

felt

_____________.（encourage）encouragingencouraged5.____________（discuss）

many

times,the

problems

were

settled

at

last.Discussed6.___________（order）

over

a

week

ago,the

books

are

expected

to

arrive

any

time

now.Ordered7.He

looked

__________（worry）

after

reading

the

letter.worried8.Some

medicines,if

wrongly________（take）,can

kill

a

person.taken9.When_________（ask）

her

future

plans,the

girl

said

that

she

wanted

to

be

a

teacher.asked10.The

Emperor’s

New

Clothes,is

an

____________

text.All

of

us

are

____________

in

it.（interest）interestinginterestedⅡ.用过去分词改写下列句子1.It

is

generally

considered

that

goods

which

are

bought

through

computers

are

much

cheaper.→It

is

generally

considered

that

goods_______________________________are

much

cheaper.bought

through

computers2.The

disc,which

is

digitally

recorded

in

the

studio,sounded

fantastic

last

night.→The

disc,digitally__________________________,sounded

fantastic

last

night.recorded

in

the

studio3.The

Town

Hall

which

was

completed

in

the

1800s

was

the

most

distinguished

building

at

that

time.→The

Town

Hall,___________________________,was

the

most

distinguished

building

at

that

pleted

in

the

1800s4.When

a

piece

of

ice

is

taken

into

a

warm

room,it

soon

changes

into

water.→When

____________

a

warm

room,a

piece

of

ice

soon

changes

into

water.taken

intoⅢ.语法填空

1.____________（observe）

on

the

first

day

of

the

first

lunar

month,Chinese

Lunar

New

Year,also

2._________（call）

the

Spring

Festival,is

well

3.___________（receive）