2021-2022年安徽省宿州市公共英语五级(笔试)知识点汇总（含答案）

2021-2022年安徽省宿州市公共英语五级(笔试)知识点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Waterisasimportantasvitamins,mineralsandproteinsforlife.

A.TrueB.Fasle

2.Sugarincoldsweetdrinksslowstheliquidfromgettingintotheblood-stream.

A.RightB.Wrong

3.听力原文：Iwanttotalktodayaboutsomestudies.Theyseemtoindicatethatthereisastartlingworld-widedeclineinthenumberofamphibians,suchasfrogs,toadsandsalamanders.There'slittledoubtthatonereasonwhythenumberofamphibiansisdecliningistheirhabitatshavebeendestroyedwhenthedevelopersfillinpondsandmarshestobuildhouses.Amphibianscan'tjustmovesomewhere.Theyneedwatertolaytheireggsin.Anotherproblemisthegrowingfishindustry.Anotherrangeofpopularpoolfishsuchascarphavebeenintroducedtomanylakesandpondsallovertheworld.Raisingandsellingthesefishcanbeprofitable,butthefisheattheeggsandoffspringofamphibiansthatwerealreadylivinginthelakesandponds.Otherfactorscouldbecontributingtothedeclineincludeacidrainandthespreadofpesticideresidues.Manypesticidesthatfarmersaddedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsandotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughamphibiansallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibians'body.

Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?

A.Thedistributionofdifferentspeciesofamphibians.

B.Possiblereasonsforreductioninthenumberofamphibians.

C.Theeffectsofenvironmentalchangeonthefishindustry.

D.Guidelinesfortheresponsibleuseofpesticides.

4.WhatdoesDr.Hubercomparetheuniverseto?

5.Inwhichrespectdoesthestudents'organizationsseemtobeeffective?

A.Dealingwithacademicaffairsoftheuniversity.

B.Ensuringthatthestudentsobserveuniversityregulations.

C.Evaluatingstudents'performanceintheirstudy.

D.Keepingupthestudents'enthusiasmforsocialactivities.

6.MrMillerhadknownalotaboutcarpentryandelectricwiringbeforehewasengagedindo-it-yourself.

A.RightB.Wrong

7.Howmanyreactionscouldyouhavetowardstheteacher'sreport?

8.Dr.WilsonsuggeststhatWangshouldextendhisstayattheuniversity.

A.TrueB.Fasle

9.Accordingtothespeaker,whywerelogcabinsespeciallypopulartosettlerswhomovedwest?

A.Theycouldeasilybuildtheloghousesthemselves.

B.Theycouldconstructthehousesfromkits.

C.Theylikedthecozyatmosphereoftheloginterior.

D.Theywantedhomesthatcouldbetransported.

10.PartC

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.

Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.

听力原文：W:Dr.Huber,whendidyoufirstbecomeinterestedinphysicsandmusic?

M:Ican'trememberatimewhenIwasn'tinterestedinphysics.WhenIwasachild,Iwasverycuriousabouttheworldaroundme.Forexample,Ialwayswonderedwhylightbehavesthewayitdoes.Ifounditmorefuntoplaywithaprismthantoplaywiththekidsintheneighborhood.Iwasn'tverysocial,butIwasreallyintofiguringouthowthingsworked.IgotmyowntelescopewhenIwaseightyearsold,andIlovedtotakeitoutatnightandgostargazing.Iwouldlookattheplanetsandstarsandwonderwhatwasoutthere.WhenIwasten,myfatherboughtmeabookontheuniverse,andIjustateitup.Infact,Istillhavethatbookrighthereinmyoffice.Itwasthesamewithmusic.I'vealwayshadanaturalearformusic,perfectpitch.Evenasayoungchild,ifIheardasongontheradio,Icouldgorighttothepianoandplayit.WhenIheardasoundliketheringofatelephone,Icouldidentifyitspitchandplaythenoteonthepiano.However,Ididn'tdevelopaseriousinterestinbecomingapianistuntilIwasincollege.Ialsoseemedtodowellinschoolinthevisualartslikepaintinganddrawing.

W:Whatcommonalitydoyouseebetweenmusicandphysics?

M:Thereisacommonmisconceptionthatartandsciencearecompletelyseparatedfromeachother.Ithinkthedistinctionisartificial.Inreality,artandsciencearenotasmutuallyexclusiveasonemightassume.Solvingacomplicatedmathematicalproblem,forexample,canrequirethesamedegreeofcreativethinkingaspaintingalandscapeorwritingapoem.IfeelanindefinabletinglewhenIplaytheSchumannConcertoordancethepasdedeuxfromRomeoandJuliet.Igetthatthesametinglefromtheoreticalphysics.Thebeautyofartisreadilyapparenttomostpeople.However,inthecaseoftheoreticalphysics,thebeautyisnotnearlyasaccessibletothegeneralpublic,butitiseverybitasexciting.Natureseemstofollowcertainprinciples,verymuchthesameasartdoes.It'snotuncommonforphysiciststobecomeaccomplishedmusicians.Musictheoryisaverymathematicaldiscipline.Relationshipsamongvariousnotesinclassicalharmonyarebasedonsimplemathematicalrelationships.

W:Youhavesaidthatphysicsisbeautiful.Whatmakesitbeautifultoyou?

M:Tome,it'sincrediblethewaynatureseemstoworksoperfectly.Ithinkitisbeautiful.Ialwaystellmystudentsonthefirstdayofclass."IfyoulikereadingSherlockHolmesdetectivestories,you'11likedoingphysicsproblems."Physicsisaboutfiguringthingsout—discoveringhowtheywork,justlikeadetective.Alotofpeoplefearphysicsbecausetheyviewitasabigcomplicatedjumbleoffactsthathavetobememorized.Butthat'snottrue.It'sanunderstandingofhownatureworks,howthevariouspartsinteract.Onecanviewartandliteratureastherelationshipsandinteractionsofideas.Inthesameway,physicsstudiestherelationshipsandinteractionsofconcepts.Inotherwords,tomeartandsciencefundamentallyattempttoachievethesameobjective—understandingoftheworldaroundus.Thewholeuniverseseemstofollowsomeverybasicprinciplesasitevolvesinwithtime,someoftheseprinciplesincludingtheConservationofEnergyandtheConservationofAngularMomentum.Theconservationlawsofphysicsarelikenon-interestbearingcheckingaccounts.Inthecaseofenergyconservation,youcanmakeenergydepositsandenergywithdrawals,butalltheenergyisaccountedfor.TherotationofobjectsisgovernedbyalawcalledtheConservationofAngularM

11.PartC

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.

Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.

听力原文：Imagineyouareahighschoolprincipal．Ateacherburstsbreathlesslyintoyouroffice．“There'safistfightinthedining-room．”shegasps．Theresponsibilityisyourstostopthefight．Howdoyoumeetit?

(1)Perhapsyou，asayoungster，tookpartinfightsandyourpresent-daytieswithstudentsarewarmandstrong．Youcanstopthefightbecauseyourprestigeishighamongthem．

(2)Youhaveaplanprepared．Otherschoolshavebeendisruptedsoyouhavealreadyplannedawaytostopanyfight．

(3)Youaretotallyconfidentofyourabilityinacrisis．Youarereadytostrideintothelunchroomandtakechargewithoutasinglequalm．Stoppingthefightwillbeeasy．

(4)Youferventlywishthatyoucoulddelegatethejobsinceyouknowthatyou'renotatalentedpeacemaker．Youwishyoucouldreturntothejobofplanningfortheschool'sneedtenyearshence．

Oneofthesefourreactionswouldbethefirstyou'dfeel．butonlyone—nottwoorthreeofthem，saythreepsychologists．Thesepsychologists—Dr.HarrietMann,Dr.HumphreyOsmondandMiriamSiegler—havecomeupwithaschemeforsortingpeopleregardlessoftheireducation，ageorsituation．

Theconceptisbasedonthepremisethatallpeoplehaveabasicwayofseeingtime．Eachofusispredisposedtoseealleventsfromtimevantagepoint．Eitheritremindsyouofthepast(past-oriented)，howtheeventfitsintotoday，yesterday，andtomorrow(timeline)，whatitistoday(present)，orhowitwilldevelop(future)．

Thethreebeganworkingin1968whenDr.MannandMrs.SieglerwereassistantstoDr.Osmond,director，attheBureauofResearch，NewJerseyNeuro-PsychiatricInstituteinPrinceton．Dr.OsmondiscurrentlydevisingwaystomakeempiricalstudiesofthetheoryandDr.MannisinCambridge，Massachusetts，writingabookontheWorldsofTime．Theirtake-offpointwasaninterestinobservationsmadebySwisspsychologistCarlGustavJung，whodescribedinthe1920sthetemperamentaldifferencesoffourpsychologicaltypes．Jungisknownasthefounderofanalyticpsychology．SinceJung'sworkin1921，however，noonehadconceivedofatheoreticalframeworkthatwouldaccountforthefourtypes．Withoutsuchaframework，therewasnopossibilityofsubstantiatingthatpeopleofdifferenttypesexperiencetheworldverydifferently．

Timeandspacearethetouchstonesinthesystem．Eachperson，afterall，useshistimesomehowandexistswithinandactsuponthespacearoundhim．Dr.Mann，andcompanyproposethatcertaintraitsaresharedbypersonsfallingineachofthefourcategories．

Thefirsttype，thepasttype，seestimeasbeingcircular．Forhim，thepastcropsupinthepresentandthenreturnstothepastasamemory．Heenjoyscollectingsouvenirsandkeepingdiaries．HetellsstoriesaboutGreatAuntHattieandalwaysremembersyourbirthday．

Pasttypesarepeggedbythissystemasemotionalpeoplewhoseetheworldinahighlysubjectiveway．Forinstance，SchoolPrincipalI(pasttype)couldidentifywiththefightandknowhowtohandleitbecauseofsomepastexperience-whetheritbesimilarfightsasachildhimselforonespreviouslydealtwithastheschoolprincipal．Inaddition，pasttypesusuallyfollowstrictmoralcodesandoftenarevaluedmoreforwhattheyarethanforwhattheydo．Thisqualityitself-becauseitlendsauthoritarianstrengthtoonewhopossessesit-mightcausethestudentstoquitfighting．Pasttypesoftenhavebeenfoundtobeskillfulatassessingtheexactemotionaltenorofaneventandareadeptatinfluencingothers'emotions，accordingtotheMann

12.Whatproblemdoesthemanthinkcanbesolvedifthegovernmentputupsmallunitstobuildsolarpanels?

A.Theheatsupply.

B.Theelectricsupply.

C.Thewatersupply.

D.Theunemploymentsituation.

13.Whatservicemustbepaidfor?

A.Computerclasses.

B.Trainingsessions.

C.Laserprinting.

D.Packageborrowing.

14.WhendidDr.Huberbecomeinterestedinpiano?

15.Whatlessoncouldbedrawnfromtheaccident?

A.Accuratecommunicationisofutmostimportance.

B.Pilotsshouldbeabletospeakseveralforeignlanguages.

C.Aircontrollersshouldkeepaclosewatchontheweather.

D.Cooperationbetweenpilotsandaircontrollersisessential.

二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.

【C20】

17.(40)

18.(50)

19.(48)

20.(37)

21.

【C5】

22.(43)

23.

【C3】

24.

【C15】

25.

【C7】

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.(68)

27.(67)

28.

______canpresentthevisitorthesignificanceofHeavenKitchen?

29.PartC

Directions:Answerquestions71-80byreferringtothefollowinggames.

Note:AnswereachquestionbychoosingA,BorCandmarkitonANSWERSHEET1.Somechoicesmayberequiredmorethanonce.

A=RotherhitheB=BarnesC=WillesdenD=King'sCrossWhichcity…

usedtohavelotofproblemssuchasdrugs,streetcrime,etc.?71.______

hastheunpopularstyle.ofarchitecture?72.______

hasthemostexpensiveproperties?73.______

offersbigout-fashionedhousesatlowerprice?74.______

islocatedinaquietresidentialarea?75.______

sawabigincreaseinpricelastyear?76.______

willbuildalotofnewfacilities?77.______

isestimatedtobeagoodinvestment?78.______

encouragesnight-lifecultureforyoungpeople?79.______

createsenergeticmulti-culturalatmosphere?80.______

A

Rotherhithe

Rotherhithemaybemostfamousforitscongestedtunnelbutmanyyoungbuyersarewarmingtoitsriversidecharms.

Itisstillmuchcheaperthanitswatersideneighbors.Thehousingstockispredominately1980sflats,manyarrangedincul-de-sacs(死胡同)andclosesaroundSurreyQuaysRoad.

TheunpopulararchitecturehasledtotheareabeingcalledtheMiltonKeynesofLondonbutpropertiesarespaciousandunfashionablestyle.haskeptpricesdown.

PaulMitchell,ofestateagentsAlexNeil,says,"Thereispreciouslittleperiodproperty,butyouwillgetfarmoreforyourmoneyherethanaVictorianhousewithlotsoforiginalfeaturesdowntheroadinBermondsey."

SurryQuaysshoppingcenterprovidesalltheamenitiesofahighstreetbuttheareaislackinginfun.However,SouthwarkCouncilisintalkstodevelopthe"nighttimeeconomy"whichcouldwellleadtoanincreaseinbarsandrestaurantstocaterfortiegrowingnumberofyoungprofessionalresidents.

"Itispossibletogetagoodthree-bedroomhouseinRotherhithefor280,000,"saysSumineJordaan-Robinson,ofagentsBurwoodMarsih,"Abouteightminutes;walkfromtheJubileelinewhichwillhaveyouinBondstreetin15minutes.TherearerotthatmanyareasinLondonwherethatispossible."

B

Barnes

BarnessitsjustacrosstheriverfromHammersmithinsouthwestLondon,butitcouldnotbemoredifferentfromthenoiseandbustleoftheoppositebank.

IthasbeencalledoneofthelasttrueLondon"villages"withhappyresidentskeepingitsoldschoolcharmsquietfromnoseyoutsidersandpotentialdevelopers.

BeingbytheriverandpredominatelyresidentialgivesBarnesanattractivelylazyvibe.Ithasatraditionalvillagegreencompletewithidyllicduckpondandquaintpub.ThehighstreetisaboutasfarfromthePoundShopandPrimarkambienceofitsneighborsasispossible.

ButbuyingintoBarnesisnotcheap."Familyhousesaresnappedupincrediblyquickly,"claimsChrisCarney,salesnegotiatoratBoileausestateagents."Itisveryhardtogetpropertiesofthissize,withoutsidespacesoclosetoLondon,whichiswhytheyareexpensive."

LargedetachedVicuorianhousesonthetwomainroads,CastlenauandLonsdale,normallyhavebetweenfiveandsevenbedrooms,gardensof120ftandoffstreetparking.Thesesellforanythingbetween￡2millionand￡5million.Bythevillagegreentherearerowsofimmaculateterraced

30.

Fromthepassage,welearnthattheauthor

A.didn'tlikeRaoul'swayofdeliveringthepaper

B.didn'trealizewhyRaouldeliveredthepaperthatway

C.didn'tknowthatRaoulcameveryearlyinthemorning

D.didn'tfeelitnecessarytomeetRaoulwhenhecame

31.(74)

32.ShortagesoffluvaccinearenothingnewinAmerica,butthisyear'sisawhopper.Untillastweek,itappearedthat100millionAmericanswouldhaveaccesstoflushotsthisfall.ThenBritishauthorities,concernedaboutquality-controlproblemsataproductionplantinLiverpool,barredallfurthershipmentsbytheChironCorp.Overnight,theU.S.vaccinesupplydwindledbynearlyhalfandfederalhealthofficialsfoundthemselvesmakinganunusualplea.Insteadofbeseechingusalltogetvaccinated,they'renowurgingmosthealthypeoplebetweentheagesof2and64notto."Thisreemphasizesthefragilityofourvaccinesupply,"saysDr.MartinMyersoftheNationalNetworkforImmunizationInformation,"andthelackofredundancyinoursystem."

Whyissuchabasichealthservicesoeasilyknockedout?Mainlybecauseprivatecompanieshavehadlittleincentivetopursueit.Tocreateasingledoseoffluvaccine,amanufacturerhastogrowlivevirusina2-week-oldfertilizedchickenegg,thencracktheegg,harvestthevirusandextracttheproteinsusedtoprovokeanimmunere-sponse.Profitmarginsarenarrow,demandisfickleand,becauseeachyear'sfluvirusisdifferent,anyleftovervaccinegoestowaste.Asaresult,theUnitedStatesnowhasonlytwomajorsuppliers(ChironandAventisPasteur)—andwhenoneofthemrunsintotrouble,thereisn'tmuchtheothercandoaboutit."Avaccinemakercan'tjustcallupandorder40millionmorefertilizedeggs,"saysManonCox,ofConnecticut-basedProteinSciencesCorp."There'sawholeindustrythat'sscheduledtoproduceacertainnumberofeggsatacertaintime."

Sleekertechnologiesarenowintheworks,andexpertsarehopingthatthisyear'sfiascowillspeedthepaceofinnovation.Themainchallengeistoshiftproductionfromeggsintocellcultures—amediumalreadyusedtomakemostothervaccines.Fluvaccinesareharderthanmosttoproducethisway,butseveralbiotechcompaniesarenowpursuingthisstrategy,andoneculture-basedproduct(SolvayPharmaceuticals'Invivac)hasbeenclearedformarketinginEurope.

ForAmericans,theimmediatechallengeistomakethemostofalimitedsupply.Thegovernmentestimatesthat95millionpeoplestillqualifyforshotsunderthevoluntaryrestrictionsannouncedlastweek.That'snearlytwicethenumberofdosesthatclinicswillhaveonhand,butonly60millionAmericansseekoutshotsinanormalyear.Infact,manyexpertsarehopingtheshortagewillserveasanawarenesscampaign—encouragingthepeoplewhoreallyneedaflushottogetone.

Shortagesoffluevaccineshowthat______.

A.Americareliestoomuchonforeignsuppliers

B.thedemandoffluevaccinesishighthisyear

C.qualityproblemisaseriousprobleminfluvaccineproduction

D.thesupplyoffluvaccinesisratherweakandAmericahasnoback-upmeasurestomakeitup

33.PartA

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

TodayTVaudiencesallovertheworldareaccustomedtothesightofAmericanastronautsintip-topcondition,withfairhair,crew-cuts,goodteeth,anuncomplicatedsenseofhumourandaseverelylimitednon-technicalvocabulary.

Whatmarksoutanastronautfromhisearthboundfellowhumanbeingsissomethingofadifficultproblem.Shouldyouwishtointerviewhim,youmustapplybeforehand,andyoumustbepreparedforalongishwait,evenifyourapplicationmeetswithsuccess.Itis,inanycase,outofthequestiontointerviewanastronautabouthisfamilylifeorpersonalactivities,becausealltheastronautshavecontractswithanAmericanmagazineunderconditionsforbiddinganyunauthorizeddisclosuresabouttheirprivatelives.

Certainobviousqualitiesareneeded.Anyonewhowouldbeaspacemanmustbeinperfecthealth,musthavepowersofconcentration(sinceworkinsideaspacecraftisexceptionallydemanding)andmusthaveconsiderablecourage.Again,space-workcallsfordedication.Courageanddedicationareparticularlyessential.Inthewell-knowncaseoftheChallengersevencrewmemberslosttheirlivesinspacebecauseofthefaultyequipmentintheshuttle.Anothermustbeoutstandingscientificexpertise.Itgoeswithoutsayingthattheyallhavetohaveprofessionalaeronauticalqualificationsandexperience.

Astrikingfeatureoftheastronautsistheirages.Fortheyoungerman,inhistwenties,say,spaceisout.OnlyoneofthefiftymenworkingforNASAin1970wasunder30.TheoldestastronauttodateisAlanShepard,America'sfirstmaninspace,who,atnearlyfifty,wasalsothemanwhocaptainedApollo13.Theaverageageisthelatethirties.ThecrewmembersofApollo11wereallbornwellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.In1986theChallengerastronautshadanaverageageof39.Therangewasfrom35to46.

Inasocietywheremaritalcontinuityisnotalwaysexhibited,theastronauts'recordinthisrespecthitsyouintheeye.OfallthemarriedmeninNASAgroup,onlytwoorthreearedivorcedfromtheirwives.Mindyou,itishardtotellwhethersomethinginthebasiccharacterofanastronautencouragesfidelityorwhethertheselectionprocessdemandsthatacandidateshouldbehappilymarried.

TheNASAastronautsliveinunattractivesmallcommunitiesdottedhereandtherearoundthebaseinTexas.Youwouldexpectthemtofindtheirfriendsfromamongtheirprofessionalassociates,butthisisnotthecase.Rather,theyprefertomakefriendswiththenormalfolkintheirdistricts.Astronauts,likeeverybodyelse,mustgetfedupwithtalkingshopallthetime,andwhereastheyareindeedanelite,theirdailylifeoutsideworkshouldbeasnormalaspossible,ifonlyforthesakeoftheirfamilies.

Asfortheastronauts'politicalleanings,theyseemtobetowardstheright.Thismaybeduetothefactthatalargeproportionoftheastronautshaveamilitarybackground.Ontheotherhand,itcouldbejustcoincidence.

Detailsoftheprivatelifeofanastronautarehardtocomeby,becausetheyare______.

A.hisownbusinessandprivacy

B.secretsasfarasinterviewsareconcerned

C.thepropertyofanAmericanmagazine

D.thefirst-ratenationalconfidentialinformation

34.

Accordingtothefirstparagraphofthepassage,theauthorconsiderswhichofthefollowingtobemosthelpfulindeterminingthevalueofspecialprotectivelaborlegislationforwomen?

A.Acomparativestudyofpatternsofwork-relatedillnessesinstatesthathadsuchlawsandinstatesmatdidnot.

B.Anestimateofhowmanywomenworkersareinfavorofsuchlaws.

C.Ananalysisofthecosttoemployersofcomplyingwithsuchlaws.

D.Anexaminationoftheactualeffectsthatsuchlawshavehadinthepast0nwomenworkers.

35.

Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofmanyemployeehealthinsuranceplans?

A.Theycoverallthecommonmedicalconditionsaffectingmen,butonlysomeofthoseaffectingwomen.

B.Theylackthespecialprovisionsforwomenworkersthatproposedspeciallaborlawsforwomenwouldprovide.

C.Theypaythemedicalcostsassociatedwithpregnancyandchildbirthonlyforthespousesofmaleemployees,notforfemaleemployees.

D.Theymeetminimumlegalrequirements,,butdonotadequatelysafeguardthehealthofeithermaleorfemaleemployees.

36.(78)

37.(76)

38.Defendersofspecialprotectivelaborlegislationforwomenoftenmaintainthateliminatingsuchlawswoulddestroythefruitsofacentury-longstrugglefortheprotectionofwomenworkers.Evenabriefexaminationofthehistoricpracticeofcourtsandemployerswouldshowthatthefruitofsuchlawshasbeenbitter;theyare,inpractice,moreofacursethanablessing.

Sex-definedprotectivelawshaveoftenbeenbasedonstereotypicalassumptionsconcerningwomen'sneedsandabilities,andemployershavefrequentlyusedthemaslegalexcusesfordiscriminatingagainstwomen.AftertheSecondWorldWar,forexample,businessesandgovernmentsoughttopersuadewomentovacatejobsinfactories,thusmakingroominthelaborforceforreturningveterans.Therevivalorpassageofstatelawslimitingthedailyorweeklyworkhoursofwomenconvenientlyaccomplishedthis.Employershadonlytodeclarethatovertimehourswereanecessaryconditionofemploymentorpromotionintheirfactory,andwomencouldbequitelegallyfired,refusedjobs,orkeptatlowwagelevels,allinthenameof“protecting”theirhealth.Byvalidatingsuchlawswhentheyarechallengedbylawsuits,thecourtshavecolludedovertheyearsinestablishingdifferent,1essadvantageousemploymenttermsforwomenthanformen,thusreducingwomen'scompetitivenessonthejobmarket.Atthesametime,eventhemostwell-intentionedlawmakers,courts,andemployershaveoftenbeenblindtotherealneedsofwomen.Thelawmakersandthecourtscontinuetopermitemployerstoofferemployeehealthinsuranceplansthatcoverallknownhumanmedicaldisabilitiesexceptthoserelatingtopregnancyandchildbirth.

Finally,laborlawsprotectingonlyspecialgroupsareoftenineffectiveatprotectingtheworkerswhoareactuallyintheworkplace.Somechemicals,forexample,posereproductiverisksforwomenofchildbearingyears；manufacturersusingthechemicalscomplywithlawsprotectingwomenagainstthesehazardsbyrefusingtohirethem.Thusthesex-definedlegislationprotectsthehypotheticalfemaleworker,buthasnoeffectwhateveronthesafetyofanyactualemployee.Thehealthriskstomaleemployeesinsuchindustriescannotbenegligible.sincechemicalstoxicenoughtocausebirthdefectsinfetusesorsterilityinwomenarepresumablyharmfultothehumanmetabolism.Protectivelawsaimedatchangingproductionmaterialsortechniquesinordertoreducesuchhazardswouldbenefitallemployeeswithoutdiscriminatingagainstany.

Insum,protectivelaborlawsforwomenarediscriminatoryanddonotmeettheirintendedpurpose.Legislatorsshouldrecognizethatwomenareintheworkforcetostay,andthattheirneeds—goodhealthcare.adecentwage,andasafeworkplace—aretheneedsofallworkers.Lawsthatignorethesefactsviolatewomen'srightsforequalprotectioninemployment.

Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingresultedfromthepassageorrevivalofstate1awslimitingtheworkhoursofwomenworkers?

A.Womenworkerswerecompelledtoleavetheirjobsinfactories.

B.Manyemployershaddifficultyinprovidingjobsforreturningveterans.

C.Manyemployersfoundithardtoattractwomenworkers.

D.Thehealthofmostwomenfactoryworkersimproved.

39.

Anderson'searlysuccesshas______.

A.greatlyspeededthedevelopmentofmedicine

B.broughtnoimmediateprogressintheresearchofgene-therapy

C.promisedacuretoeverydisease

D.madehimanationalhero

40.(72)

四、阅读理解(5题)41.

根据下列选项回答41～50题：

第

41

题

hasadriverseatthatCanbeadjustedtofitmostpeople?_________

42.

根据下列文章回答21～25题：

第

21

题

Concerningtheprotectionofprivacyandincreasedsurveillanceofcommunication，theauthorseemstoinsiston__________．

43.

第

47

题

enablesplayerstoconstructbuildingsindifferentstyles?__________

44.

第

43

题

providesstudentswithvocationaltraining?__________

45.

根据下列文章回答36～40题：

第

36

题

Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?

参考答案

1.B

2.A

3.B

4.Apuzzle

5.B

6.B

7.One

8.B

9.A

10.Eightyearsold

11.Stopfighting．

12.D

13.C

14.Incollege．

15.A

16.whichwhich解析：此空后的句子应为定语从句，修饰“tokeneconomies”，故此空应填一个可引导定语从句的词，而且前面可加介词in。

17.knowledgeknowledge解析：前面讲商家正确的分析市场的供需信息，知道是什么因素影响顾客的购买欲望。这就是他们利用的信息知识。故答案为knowledge。

18.normalnormal解析：根据上下文