中考英语第二轮语法专项复习资料

人教版英语中考第一轮复习日期：Allthingscometothosewhowait.学校_______班级_______姓名__________专题主谓一致与therebe句型【复习目标】1.掌握主谓一致的原则。2.掌握therebe句型。【考点讲解】考点一主谓一致主谓一致指句子主语和谓语在语法形式上必须保持一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。1.语法一致谓语动词与主语在人称和数上要保持一致，即主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。(1)谓语动词用单数的情况：主语例句不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词Theflowerissobeautiful.这朵花很漂亮。Itseemsdark.天似乎要黑了。either,neither,each,one等＋of＋复数名词，以及由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词Eachofushasanewbook.我们每个人都有一本新书。Isthereanythingwrongwithyourcomputer?你的电脑有什么问题吗？不定式、动名词或从句Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes.在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。Whatyousaidiswrong.你所说的是错的。thenumberof＋名词复数“……的数量”，中心词是numberThenumberofstudentsinourclassis50.我们班的学生人数是50。(2)谓语动词用复数的情况：主语例句复数名词或代词Theflowersaresobeautiful.这些花很漂亮。anumberof＋名词复数“许多……”Anumberoftreesareplantedeveryyear.每年有许多树木被种植。both…and…连接主语，谓语动词用复数形式BothPeterandMikecomefromEngland.彼得和迈克都来自英国。其他情况：(3)主语后面跟with/alongwith/aswellas/ratherthan/besides/but/except等词时，谓语动词与最前面的主语保持一致。如：EveryoneexceptTomandJackhascomehere.除了汤姆和杰克之外，每个人都来这儿了。(4)“some/most/alotof/lotsof/plentyof＋名词”或“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词常和其后的名词保持数的一致。如果名词是复数，则谓语动词用复数；如果是不可数名词或名词单数，谓语动词用单数。如：AquarteroftheworkersarefromGuangdong.有四分之一的工人来自广东。(5)由and连接的两个词指不同的人或物，谓语动词用复数形式；若两个词指同一个人或物(即and后面的名词前面没有冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。如：TomandMikearegoodfriends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。Thewriteranddoctorhascome.这位作家兼医生已经来了。(6)由kind，piece,pair，glass等+of+名词构成短语时，谓语动词形式要根据这些词的单复数来确定。如：Apairofglassesislyingonthetable.桌子上有一副太阳镜。【中考练兵】()1.(2012广东)—BothLiLeiandHanMeimei______fondoftheTVprogramABiteofChina.—Iamalsodeeplymovedbyitsstories.A．is B．amC．was D．are()2.(2010广东)Robertwithhistwokids______tothebeachforvacationeveryyear.A．go B．goesC．went D．aregoing()3.—Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?—Either______OK,butIprefercoffeewithmilk.A．is B．areC．was D．were()4.Running______agoodwaytoexerciseeveryday.A．is B．wasC．are D．were()5.—What______thenumberofthestudentsinyourschool?—Abouttwothousand.Anumberofthem______fromthecountryside.A．are;is B．is;isC．is;are D．are;are2.意义一致意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。(1)表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积、长度等复数名词作主语时，一般被看做一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：Threemonthshaspassedsinceyouleft.你已经离开三个月了。Tenyearsisalongtime.十年是一段很长的时间。(2)trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes等词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但若这些词被apair/twopairs修饰，谓语要和pair的形式保持一致。如：Myglassesarebroken.我的眼镜坏了。Fivepairsofshoeshavebeensoldinthemorning.早晨卖出了五双鞋。(3)“the＋形容词”，常表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。如：Theyoungareworkinghardtogetabetterlifethesedays.如今年轻人正为了更好的生活而努力工作。(4)“the＋姓氏名词复数”，表示“……一家或……夫妇”，谓语动词用复数。如：TheWhitesaregoingtoEuropefortheirholidaynextweek.怀特夫妇下周要去欧洲度假。(5)有些集合名词如people，police等，形式上是单数，而意义上却表示复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；有些名词如news，works(工厂)，或以s结尾的学科名称，maths,physics，politics等，形式上是复数，而意义上却表示单数，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Ihopethereisgoodnewstonight.我希望今晚有好消息。(6)family/class/team/group/crowd等名词作主语时，若看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若强调整体中的每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。如：Hisfamilyisn'tlarge.他的家庭不大。Afterdinner，hisfamilyusuallytakeawalkalongthelake.晚饭之后，他的家人通常会沿着湖边散步。【中考练兵】()6.(2014广东)—Doyouneedmoretimetocompletethetask?—Yes.Anothertendays__________enough.A．is B．wasC．are D．were()7.Look!Thepolice______carryingthefoodontothebankoftheriver.A．am B．isC．are D．were()8.Fortymiles______alongwaytowalkinaday.A．is B．wereC．be D．are()9.(2017中考预测)Theyoung________towatchthenewmoviePersonalTailor(《私人订制》)verymuch.A．likeB．likesC．planD.plans()10．Thispairofpants______mine.Yoursmay____onthebed.(2014，绥化)A．is；beB．are；beC．are；are3.就近一致就近一致原则指的是谓语动词的人称和数与并列主语中最靠近它的那个主语保持一致。遵循此原则的常见结构有：therebe,notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...,either...or...等。如：①Neitheryounorheknowshowtousethecomputer.你和他都不知道怎么用这台电脑。②NotonlyIbutalsoTonyisfondofwatchingTV.不仅我，而且托尼也喜欢看电视。【中考练兵】()11.(2013广东)NotonlymyfriendsbutalsoI______interestedinfootballandMessiisourfavoritestar.A．be B．amC．is D．are()12.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforsupper,Jack?—Eithernoodlesorrice______OK.Idon'tmind.A．are B．wereC．is D．was()13.There______anumberofbooksinthelibraryandthenumberofthem______increasing.A．has;is B．have;areC．are;is D．is;are考点二Therebe句型（5年3考）1.含义Therebe句型表示“某处有某人或某物”。There无词义，be动词必须和主语保持人称和数的一致。如果主语部分是两个或两个以上的并列主语，be动词的形式与邻近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。如：Thereissomemilkandvegetablesinthefridge.冰箱里有一些牛奶和蔬菜。2.基本结构(1)肯定句：Therebe(is/are/was/were)＋sb./sth.＋地点。如：Therearetwoapplesandanorangeinthebasket.篮子里有两个苹果和一个橘子。(2)否定句：Therebe＋no/notany＋sb./sth.＋地点。如：Therearen'tanybooksonthedesk.桌上没有书。注意：not和no的区别：not作副词，no作形容词，因此“nota(n)/any＋名词”相当于“no＋名词”。如：Therearen'tanypicturesonthewall.＝Therearenopicturesonthewall.墙上没有画。(3)一般疑问句及回答：Be＋there＋sb./sth.＋地点？如：—Isthereanymilkinthecup?杯子里有牛奶吗？—Yes,thereis.是的，有牛奶。◆Therebesb.doingsth.＋地点/时间。某地/某时有某人正在做某事。3.Therebe句型的时态Therebe句型时态的变化体现在be动词上，而且可以和助动词或情态动词连用。具体见下表：一般现在时Thereis/are...一般过去时Therewas/were...一般将来时Therewillbe.../Thereis/aregoingtobe...现在完成时Therehave/hasbeen...含情态动词Therecan/may/shouldbe...4.辨析Therebe句型和have◆Therebe句型表示某处存在某物或某人，不强调此物归某人所有；have表示某人拥有某物或某人，强调所属关系。如：Thereisabottleofcolaonthedesk.桌上有一瓶可乐。◆当have表示包括、存在的含义时，可以与Therebe句型互换。如：Aweekhassevendays.＝Therearesevendaysinaweek.一个星期有七天。【中考练兵】14.（2017河北83题）five,inourgroup,there,students,are________________________________________________.15．a，there，here，near，is，bookstore_____________________________________________?()16.(2019凉山州中考)—What'sinthepictureonthewall?—There________ateacherandsomestudentsplayingsoccerontheplayground.A．hasB．areC．isD．have()17.(2019临沂中考改编)—I'mgettinghungry.Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfood?—Ofcourse!There________arestaurantaroundthecorner.A．willbeB．wasC．isD．are()18.(2019兰州中考)Inthenearfuture，there________selfdrivingcarsinourcity.isB．wasC．areD．willbe【综合演练】一、单项选择()1.(2019新疆维吾尔自治区中考)NotonlyJackbutalsoI________crazyaboutthefootballmatch.A．amB．isC．areD．be()2.(2019福建中考改编)There________alargebowlofjiaozionthetable.A．isB．areC．beD．were()3.(2019成都中考改编)SmartphonesmadebyHuawei________gettingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld.A．isB．haveC．areD．has()4.(2019安徽中考改编)Onsunnydays，mygrandmaoften________anovelbythewindow.A．readB．readsC．toreadD．reading()5.(2019天水中考改编)Twofifthsofthestudentsinourclass________goingtothesummercampinBeijingnextweek.A．isB．amC．beD．are()6.BothMikeandI________readyforthenewhighschoollife.A．beB．amC．isD．are()7.Shewithhermotheroften________hillsonSundays.A．climbsB．climbC．climbedD．toclimb()8.TheTVnewsreportsthatthere________astormthedayaftertomorrow.A．isB．wasC．willbeD．hasbeen()9.Doingeyeexercises________goodforyoureyes.A．isB．areC．wasD．were()10．There____somemilkandtwoeggsonthetable.(2014，永州)A．isB．areC．has()11．EveryoneexceptTomandJohn____therewhenthemeetingbegan.(2013，威海)A．areB．isC．wereD．was()12．—Maths______myfavouritesubject，whataboutyou？—Physics____．Ithinkit'sveryinteresting.A．is；isB．are；areC．are；is()13．Inourschoollibrarythere______anumberofbooksonscience，andintheseyearsthenumberofthem____growinglargerandlarger.A．are；isB．is；areC．have；areD．has；is()14．Noone____swimminginsuchbadweather.A．likeB．likesC．likingD．liked()15．—Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithmetonight?—I'dloveto，but____ofustwohastickets.Doyouhavesome?bothB．allC．neitherD．none()16.There____somegoodadviceabouthowtoreduceairpollutionontheInternet.A.is B.are C.be D.have()17.(2015呼和浩特中考)Neithertheheadmasternortheteachers________takeavacationnextweek.A．weregoingtoB．isgoingtoC．aregoingto()18.(2015南充中考)Thenumberofthevolunteers________100now.Andasmallnumberofthem________alreadygonetotheworkplace.A．is；haveB．are；haveC．is；are()19.(2015绵阳中考)Forkidsofthisage，twohoursofsittinginaclassroom________toolong.A．isB．areC．was()20.(2017中考预测)There________lotsofsheepandpigsonmyuncle'sfarmnow.A．wasB．wereC．are二、词汇运用。1．EitherTomorshe____(be)goingtothepartynextweek.Oneofthemmuststayathome.2．Theactoranddirector____(be)comingtogiveusaspeechnextweekend.(2013，兰州)3．WhenIgotthere，theyeach_____(read)abook.4．Neitherofus____(like)thestorybook.5．Thispairoftrousers_____(make)bymyauntlastyear.6．Afootballteamoften____(have)elevenplayers.7．Noonebutmyparents____(know)thetruth.8．Jim'sfamily____(enjoy)watchingTVaftersupper.9．Look！Theclass_____(do)morningexercisesontheplayground.10．Twentyyears____(have)passedsincehelefthishometown.

专题主谓一致与therebe句型参考答案考点一【中考练兵】1—5DBAAC6—10ACAAA10—13BCC考点二【中考练兵】14.Therearefivestudentsinourgroup.15.Isthereabookstorenearhere?CCD【综合演练】一、单项选择1—5AACBD6—10DACAA11—15DAABC16—20ACAAC二、词汇运用1.is2.is3.werereading4.likes5.wasmade6.has7.knows/knew8.enjoy9.aredoing10.has

学校班级姓名专项二代词第一课时知识导图一、人称代词注意：it的用法可表示婴儿及不明身份的人；可表示时间、天气、温度、距离、季节、情况等；可做形式主语和形式宾语；可用于以下句型：Itisadjfor/ofsbtodosth.Ittakessbsttodosth.Itseemsthat...Itisone’sturntodosth.Itisadjthat...Itistimetodosth.Itistimethat...Itistimefor...Sbfind/think/make/feel/consideritadjtodosth.对点训练(2019常德)Canyoutalkto________(they)andplaygameswiththem?(2020原创)Iadvise________(she)togotothatrestaurant.Thefoodtherewillagreewithher.3.(2019石家庄市桥西区一模)Mary,couldyoulend________yourpen?Ileftmineathome.A.IB.meC.myD.mine4.(2019秦皇岛市海港区二模)Jackishappy.Ms.Wang,anexcellentteacher,teaches________maththisterm.A.heB.himC.himselfD.his5.(2019湘潭改编)________isunhealthyforustogotoschoolwithouteatingbreakfastinthemorning.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.One6.Hedidn'tmake________clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC．itD.these物主代词注意：形物代变名物代1变my-mine2不变his,its其余后面加sallone’slife某人一生，终生allone’slife某人一生，终生changeone’smind改变某人的主意do/tryone’sbest尽某人最大努力loseone’slife丧生，牺牲loseone’sway某人迷路makeupone’smind某人下定决心toone’ssurprise使某人感到惊讶的是withone’shelp在某人的帮助下对点训练1.(2019兰州)TomandJerryhavealotincommon.________(they)favoritebasketballplayerisJamesHarden.2.(2019绍兴改编)Whenourwashingmachinebroke,ourneighborsletususe________(they)．3.(2020原创)I'mgoingtotry________(I)besttostudyhardinreturnformyteacher'shelp.4.(2020原创)Afterfinishingdoing________(you)homework,youcanhavearest.5.(2019重庆A卷)Theirplantsdon'tgrowverywell,but________lookreallygood.A.weB.ourC.oursD.ourselves6.(2019兰州)Frankisafriendof________.HeisascientistfromCanada.myB.IC.meD.mine7.(2019石家庄市41中一模)Iwashedmyclothesyesterday.Didyouwash________？A.hisB.yoursC.hersD.ours不定代词注意:不定代词用法1.Both和all做主语，谓语动词用复数；2.either，neither做主语，谓语动词用单数；3.either...or...,neither...nor...遵循就近原则，谓语动词与较近的主语一致（遵循就近原则的还有therebe，notonly...butalso...,not...but...等）；4.Every,each做主语，谓语动词用单数;5.Noneof做主语，与不可数名词连用，谓语动词用单数；与可数名词连用，谓语动词用单复数均可；none一般用于回答howmany，howmuch问题；noone与nobody同意，一般用于回答who或含有anyone,anybody的疑问句；nothing一般用于回答what或含有anything的疑问句。afew有一点，表肯定含义Few几乎没有，表否定含义afew有一点，表肯定含义Few几乎没有，表否定含义可数不可数不可数alittle有一点，表肯定含义little几乎没有，表否定含义复合不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数；个别复合不定代词还有其他意思，如：someone,somebody表示大人物；noone,nobody表示小人物；这些用法也要知悉。含有复合不定代词的常见句型：Thereissomethingwrongwithhasnothing/somethingtodowith...sbcandonothingbut许多，大量Anumberof+可名复，谓语动词用复数；（注意与thenumberof用法区分）Agreatdealof+不可数名词；Lotsof/alotof/plentyof+可名复/不可数均可；it/one/that三者辨析It指同类同物；one指同类不同物；that用于比较结构中，代替上文提到的名词单数；those用于比较结构中，代替上文提到的名词复数；other,others,theother,theothers,another辨析特指theother特指theothertheothers泛指otherothersanotherone...theother...一个...另一个...one...theother...一个...另一个...some...others...一些...另一些...other+名词复数=otherstheother+名词复数=theothersanother泛指三者或三者以上的另一个oneanother=eachother相互对点训练对点训练1.(2019安徽)Couldyoustayalittlelonger?Ihave________moretotellyouabouttheplanfortomorrow.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing2.(2019温州)Samfindssweepingrobotsuseful,andheplanstobuy________forhisgrandma.itB.oneC.thisD.that3.(2019宿迁)Asthelightsintheroomwentout,itwasverydarkand________couldbeseenclearly.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing4.(2019石家庄43中二模)Hehadtostopinthemiddleofhisspeechbecause________raisedaquestion.A.someoneB.anyoneC.nobodyD.everyone5.(2020原创)Hewassothirstythathedrankallofthemilkinthebottle.Thereis________left.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew6.(2020原创)ManypeopleinCanadaspeakFrenchbuttheirFrenchisverydifferentfrom________ofFrance.oneB.itC.thatD.ones7.(2020原创)________ofthetwinslikescoffee.Couldyougetsometeaforthem?AllB.BothC.NoneD.Neither8.(2020原创)IthinkChinesecultureisthebestof________.Itakeprideinmynation.bothB.allC.itD.that9.—Doyouwantcoffeeortea?—________.Idon'treallymind.NoneB.NeitherC.EitherD.All10.Ireallywanttobuyanewhouse,butIcan'tafford________．oneB.itC.thatD.this

专项二代词第一课时答案参考答案人称代词1.them2.her3.B4.B5.C6.C物主代词Their2.theirs3.my4..your5.C6.D7.B不定代词1-5ABDAA6-10CDBCA

学校：班级：姓名：专项二代词第二课时一、反身代词注意：常见反身代词的固定搭配对点训练1.(2019淮安)Thejourneywasalittleboring.Wedidn'tenjoy________(we)atall. 2.(2020原创)Infact,ifyouarenotconfidentenoughtospeakEnglish,youcantalkto________(you)first.3.(2019遂宁)Thebabyistooyoung.Don'tleaveherathomeby________．sheB.herC.hersD.herself4.Help_______tosomefruits,Jim.Thankyou.Theartist_________(she)willcometoourschoolnextweek.Thelittleboyisonlyfour,buthecandress__________.二、指示代词对点训练1.Ihaveabadcold.________iswhyIdidn'tgotoschool.A.ThisB.ThatC．TheseD.Those2.—Speak,please.—Hello.________isTaylorspeaking.IneedtotalktoJohn.A.ThisB.ThatC.TheseD.Those三、疑问代词链接中考()1.(2018上海)Theretiredcouplehavedecidedtogotocollege.It'stimefor________tobeginanewlife.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs()2.(2018连云港)TheRio2018

Olympictorch(火炬)began________

95­dayjourneyinBrazilonMay3rd.A.it

B.its

C.it's

D.itself()3.(2018十堰)Wemustprotectplantsbecausetheyarefriendsof________．A.we

B.us

C.our

D.ours()4.(2018荆门)—Doyouknowwhotaught________French?—Nobody.Helearneditby________.A.his;himself

B.him;himC.him;himself

D.his;him()5.(2018哈尔滨)—WhichofthetwoT­shirtswouldyouliketochoose?—Both.ThenIcangiveonetomybrotherandleave________tomyself.A.another

B.theother

C.other()6.(2018黄石)Thetwinslookexactlythesame.________ofthemareinmyclass.A.Each

B.Both

C.Either

D.None()7.(2018宜昌)—WhenarewegoingtoseethemovieZootopia,thisafternoonortonight?—________isOK.I'mfreetoday.A.Either

B.Neither

C.Both

D.All

()8.(2018德州)—Wherewouldyouliketogoforyoursummerholiday,BeijingorShanghai?—________.IwillgotoSanyainHainan.A.Both

B.Each

C.Neither

D.Either()9.(2018乐山)Idon'tunderstandwhatyousaid.Wouldyoupleasegiveme________example?A.another

B.other

C.others()10.(2018齐齐哈尔)—Whowashurtinthetrafficaccident?—________．A.None

B.Noone

C.Nothing()11.(2018安顺)—Isthere________intoday'snewspaper?—No.Ierestinganything

B.somebodyinteresting

C.interestingsomething

D.anythinginteresting()12.(2018天津)Ican'tfindmyticket.IthinkIhavelost________．A.it

B.one

C.this

D.them()13.(2018广东)—Iamalittlehungry,Daddy.—Seethecupcakesontheplate？Butyoucanonlytake________.Dinnerisreadysoon.A.it

B.one

C.this

D.that()14.(2018泰安)Ifound________hadchangedalotwhenIwenttomyhometownagain.A.there

B.it

C.he

D.this()15.(2018鄂州)—ThepopulationofChinaislargerthan________ofIndia.—Yes,butIndia'spopulationisincreasingrapidly.A.it

B.one

C.that

D.this()16.(2018绥化)—________didyouwritetolastnight?—Apenpal.What

B.Where

C.Whom

专项二代词第二课时参考答案反身代词ourselves2.yourself3.D4.yourself5.herself6.himself指示代词1.B2.A链接中考1-5BBDCB6-10BACAB11-15DABBC16C

学校：班级：姓名：语法专项动词的时态（现在进行时与过去进行时）知识点1：现在进行时1.含义：用于表示现在正在进行的动作或在现阶段持续发生的动作或存在的状态。2.构成：am/is/are+动词的现在分词形式3.动词原形变现在分词（V-ing）规则（1）直接在动词词尾加ing；如:go→going,carry→carrying,play→playing等（2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing；如:give→giving,make→making,live→living等（3）以重读闭音节结尾的辅元辅结构双写词尾字母加ing,初中阶段常见的单词有put,begin,run,sit,get,swim,forget,stop,shop,let,plan,hit,cut,chat等；如:put→putting,swim→swimming,plan→planning（4）以ie结尾的，把ie变y加ing如:lie→lying（说谎），tie→tying（系），die→dying（死）现在进行时的用法。（1）现在进行时表示说话的时候正在进行的动作，经常和now，rightnow，atthemoment等时间状语或者动词look，listen等连用。如：MyfatheriswatchingTVnow.我爸爸现在在看电视。Look!Mybrotherisplayingbasketballthere.看！我弟弟正在那里打篮球。（2）现在进行时可以表示目前一段时间内一直进行的动作，经常和thesedays，thisweek，atpresent等时间状语连用。如：Myparentsareworkingonafarmthesedays.这些天我的父母在农场干活。（3）现在进行时还可以表示现在不断发展变化的事情，表示不断发展变化的动词有get，grow，turn，become等。如：Theleavesareturningyellow.树叶在变黄。（4）现在进行时还可以表示将要发生的动作，只限于动词arrive，begin，go，come，leave，fly等动词。如：Iamcomingsoon.我马上来。WeareleavingforShanghai.我们打算动身去上海。（5）无明显标志词需根据语境来判断，经常和Don’ttalk（不要说话），Bequiet（安静点），Wherebe+sb（某人在哪里）.It’s+...o’clock（现在几点了）等句子连用。如：Bequiet!Thebabyissleeping.安静点，这个婴儿在睡觉。—Whereismom?妈妈在哪里？—Sheiscookinginthekitchen.她在厨房做饭。It’seighto’clock.WearehavingEnglishclass.现在八点了，我们正在上英语课。（6）表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,常与always,constantly,forever等连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。如:Heisalwayseatinginclass.他总是在班级吃东西有些动词不能用于进行时态（1）表示事实状态的动词：have,belongto（属于），possess（拥有），include（包含），contain（含有，容纳）等；（2）表示心理状态的词：love,like,dislike,mind,hate等；（3）瞬间动词：accept,receive,allow,decide,refuse等；（4）系动词seem,appear,smell,feel,taste等，但是feel表示一时的感受时可以用进行时。6.现在进行时和一般现在时的区别。（1）现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，或者某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与now,listen,look,atpresent,atthemoment等词连用。例如：Listen!Thebirdissinginginthetree.听！小鸟在树上唱歌。（2）一般现在时表示习惯性，经常性的动作。例如：Shegoestoschoolatseveno’clock.她七点钟去上学。（3）一般现在时所描述的事情一般不会发生改变，例如物体的性质等。例如：Thetableismadeofwood.这个桌子是木头做的。（4）一般现在时表达客观事实或真理：例如：Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.地球比月亮大。【真题展示】1.(2019重庆B卷)Listen!Thebirds______inthetreesoutsideourhotel.A.singB.aresingingC.sangD.weresinging2.（2015河北34题）We’reproudthatChina_______strongerandstrongertheseyears.A.willbecome B.becameC.isbecoming D.wasbecoming3.（2017河北31题）Don’ttakethedictionaryaway.I_______it.A.use B.usedC.amusing D.haveused4.(2019河北30题）It_____.Pleasetakeanumbrellawithyou,Annie.A.rainsB.israiningC.rainedD.wasraining5.(2019株洲改编)Theworldischangingwitheverysecond；andChina，too,________witheverysecond.A.changesB.changedC.ischangingD.haschanged6.(2019邯郸市永年区实验中学三模)Thenoisecomesfromtheboys.They________aparty.A.holdB.areholdingC.willholdD.haveheld知识点2：过去进行时1.含义：用于表示过去的某个时刻正在发生的动作或在过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作。2.结构：was/were+动词ing形式（现在分词）3.用法：（1）表示过去的某一时刻正在发生的动作。如:Iwasreadinginthelibraryatthistimeyesterday.（2）表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。如:Theywerehavingameetingfrom2:00to4:00yesterdayafternoon.（3）过去进行时常与always等频度副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩。如:Jackwasalwayschanginghismind.（4）go,come,leave,arrive,start等动词，其过去进行时表示过去按计划即将发生的动作。如:Iwasleavingwhenhecamein.Shetoldmeshewascomingtoseeme.（5）与过去进行时连用的时间状语：atthistime,yesterday,atthattime,then,attenlastnight,from...to...,thedaybeforeyesterday,thosedays等。（6）含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中过去进行时的运用：在含有when引导的时间状语从句中，从句一般用过去时，主句用过去进行时。表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。在含有while引导的时间状语从句中，从句主句均可用过去进行时，表示动作在过去某一时刻同时进行。如：Wewereeatingdinnerinthekitchenwhenweheardthenewsontheradio.当我们在收音机上听到新闻时，我们正在厨房吃饭。注意：在上述情况中，若动词为表示动作的瞬间动词时，一般用一般过去时，而不用过去进行时。如：Luckily,whenlwenttoseehim,hewasathome.幸运的是，我去看他时，他在家。【真题展示】1.（2015河北37题）IsawJeffinthepark.He_______onthegrassandreadingabook.A.sits B.sat C.issitting D.wassitting2.(2019河北34题）Sorry,Ididn’tseeyou,becauseI____apicture.A.drawB.drewC.wasdrawingD.havedrawn3.(2019兰州)Peterwithhisclassmates________forthebuswhentheearthquakehappened.A.iswaitingB.waswaitingC.arewaitingD.werewaiting4.(2019滨州改编)Ididn'tpickupyourphonebecauseI________mypetdoginmyyard.A.walkedB.waswalkingC.amwalkingD.willwalk5.(2019湘潭改编)MyEnglishteachertookaphotoofmewhileI_______atthesportsmeeting.A.runB.wasrunningC.ranD.amrunning6.(2019市28中三模)Mymother___whileIwasdoingmyhomework.A.cooksB.iscookingC.wascookingD.cooked【增补训练】1.(2019石家庄市桥西区三模)You'dbetternotgothisway.Theworkers________theroad.A.haverepairedB.arerepairingC.repairedD.willrepair2.(2019承德一模)Waitamoment!He________thepianointheroom.A.playsB.isplayingC.hasplayedD.played3.(2019石家庄新华区质量检测)PleaseturnofftheTV.Yourfather________inthebedroom.A.sleepsB.sleptC.issleepingD.wassleeping4.(2019石家庄市一模)You________.Don'ttalkonthephone.A.aredrivingB.willdriveC.weredrivingD.drive5.(2019福建32题改编)—Look！Mymother________anewdressforme.—Wow,itlooksveryniceonyou.ismakingB.hasmadeC.willmakeD.makes6.—Isthisraincoatyours?—No,mine________therebehindthedoor.ishangingB.hashungC.hangsD.hung7.(2019石家庄市41中一模)I________inthesupermarketwhenyoucalledme.A.didshoppingB.wentshoppingC.wasshoppingD.amshopping8.(2020原创)IsawTominthelivingroom.He________onthesofawithacupofcoffee.A.satB.wassittingC.sitsD.issitting9.(2020原创)I________myclothes,soIdidn'tnoticemyfatherenteringtheroom.A.washedB.waswashingC.washesD.willwash10.—Hurryup!—Onemoment.I_______mye-mailandthenI’mreadytogo.readB.amreadingC.wasreadingD.haveread11.【江苏省南京市2019年中考模拟】Thereareagroupofpeopleoverthere.Whatdoyouthink_______?A.tohappen B.ishappenedC.willhappen D.ishappening12.【湖北襄阳2019届九年级一轮模拟】—What’sJohndoingrightnow?—He_______soccer.He_______soccereverySaturday.A.isplaying;isplaying B.plays;playsC.isplaying;plays D.plays;isplaying13.Look,somanypeople____gamesinthepark!Theylookveryhappy!A.play B.isplayingC.areplayingD.wereplaying14.(2020原创)Tomysurprise,whenIcamebacktothedormitory,allmyroommateswere________(sleep)．15.(2020原创)Lily,Iam________(listen)toanewsongofJayChounow.Wouldyouliketolistentoitwithme?

语法专项动词的时态（现在进行时与过去进行时）参考答案现在进行时【真题展示】1——6BCCBCB过去进行时【真题展示】1——6DCBBBC【增补训练】1——5BBCAB6——10ACBBB11——13DCCsleeping15.listening

学校：________班级：_________姓名：__________语法专项动词的时态（现在完成时）初中阶段需掌握的六种基本时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时。本节重点是掌握现在完成时。一、现在完成时（一）结构主语＋has/have＋动词的过去分词(done)标志词常与already，yet，just，ever，sofar，before，for+一段时间，since+过去的某个时间点，inthepast/last...years等词连用。（三）用法1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作，对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already,yet,just,ever,sofar,before等词连用。如：IjoinedthebookclublastmonthandIhavereadfivebooksalready.上个月我加入了读书俱乐部，并且我已经读了5本书了。2.表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，也许还要持续下去，常和for,since连用，表示持续的动作或状态，谓语动词多为延续性动词。如：It’sbeenthreeyearssincewelastsawourprimaryschoolclassmates.自从我们上次见到我们小学同学已经3年了。3.延续性动词和非延续性动词的转换.现在完成时的句子中，如果有fortwoyears...等表示一段时间的时间状语，谓语动词要用延续性动词，而不能用非延续性动词。以下是非延续性动词(短语)与对应的延续性动词(短语)之间的转换。非延续性动词延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词leavebe

awayborrowkeep/havebuyhavebegin/startbe

ondiebe

deadfinish/end/stopbe

overjoinbe

in/be

a

member

offall

illbe

illbecomebecome

backbe

backfall

asleepbe

asleepget

to/arrive

in(at)/reachbe

in/atmarrybe

married

(to)wake

upbe

awake注意：现在完成时与一般过去式的区别。现在完成时和一般过去式都可以表示过去发生的动作，但现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响、结果持续到现在，强调的是现在的情况；而一般过去式只表示动作发生在过去。二、过去完成时（一）结构主语+had+动词的过去分词(done)（二）标志词常见的时间标志词包含bylastweek,bytheendoflastyear等。用法1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经发生或完成的动作。2.表示在过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。3.表示从过去某一时间开始持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。【真题展示】1.(2019扬州)—Myfeelingsforyouhavenotchanged.—Butyouhavechanged.Youarenotasyou______．A.areB.wereC.willbeD.havebeen2.(2018河北33题）I_______aninvitationtotheconcert.Ican’twaittogo.A.receive B.willreceiveC.wasreceiving D.havereceived3.（2017河北33题）Wow!You_______dinner!Let’seatnow.A.cook B.arecookingC.willcook D.havecooked4.（2016河北36题）Ourteam_______anotherpoint!Iamsurewe’llwinthegame.A.willget B.hasgotC.isgetting D.wasgetting5.（2015河北32题）Paulaispleasedthatshe_______herlostwatch.A.finds B.found C.hasfound D.willfind6.（2014河北42题）Monica,you_______theexam!Congratulations!A.pass B.havepassedC.willpass D.arepassing【增补训练】1.(2019宜昌改编)Huawei________greatprogress.Nowonderitiswidelyknowninallpartsoftheworld.A.ismakingB.hasmadeC.makesD.made2.(2019保定市定兴县一模)Benandhisbrotheraren'tathome.They________toChengduonbusiness.A.go