2022届山西省高考适应性练习（一模）英语试题（解析版）

山西省2022年高考考前适应性测试试题（卷）省一模英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30.B.At18:30.C.At10:30.2.Whatwillthewomanhave?A.Hotmilk.B.Blackcoffee.C.Mineralwater.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Families.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.5.WhatdoesJaneaskthewomantodo?A.Advertisehergym.B.Takeafitnessclass.C.Checkherschedule.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmuchdoesthefirsttourpackagecosteachperson?A.$429.B.$525.C.$1050.7.Whatdoesthesecondtourpackagecover?A.Meals.B.CarhireC.Flighttickets.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheprobablecauseoftheman’sproblems?A.Heoftenovereats.B.Heworkstoohard.C.Hesmokesheavily9.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Stopworkingandgoonavacation.B.Giveupsmokingassoonaspossible.C.Changehisdietandgetsomeexercise.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthewomanperform?A.Nextweek.B.Nextmonth.C.Nextsemester.11.Whydoesthewomanwanttoleavetheorchestra?A.Shelosesinterestinit.B.Theclassscheduleistight.C.Thesingingcourseistoohard.12.Whatclubdidthemanjoin?A.Theorchestraclub.B.Thedramaclub.C.Thesoccerclub.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydothespeakersdecidetocancelthemeeting?A.Thetrafficisheavy.B.Theweathermaybebad.C.Theyhavegotnewplans.14.Whereisthemeetingscheduledtotakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Attheman’shouse.C.Onthecampus.15.Whatistheman’sattitudetothewoman’ssuggestion?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Uncaring.16.Howmanymemberswillthespeakerscallintotal?A.10.B.20.C.22.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowdoAmericanfootballplayersplayfootball?A.Theycanonlykicktheball.B.Theycanthrowandrunwiththeball.C.Theyhavefivechancestomovetheballtenyards.18.Whatshouldplayersdoiftheywanttogetpoints?A.Movetheballtotheotherend.B.Stealtheballfromanopponent.C.Carrytheballandthrowittenyards19.HowlongisthefootballseasoninAmerica?A.Onemonth.B.Twomonths.C.Threemonths.20.Whenwillthebestteamshavetheadditionalgame?A.InJanuaryB.InSeptemberC.InNovember第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASaintPaulhasfouricerink(溜冰场)locations.Allhockey(冰球)rinkshaveboardsandnets.Seebelowforlocations,hours,andupdates.ColdWeatherPolicy:Rinkswillcloseiftemperaturesreach—25F.WarmWeatherPolicy:Inordertopreventextendedclosuresduetodamagedice,rinkswillcloseifmeltwaterisvisibleonthesurface.RinkHours&Locations:Rinkhoursandconditionsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.Rinkswillcloseperiodicallyformaintenance.Appointedhockeyrinksmaybeunavailableforopenskatingdoringhockeypracticesorscheduledopenhockeytimes.PleasecallthenumberslistedbelowtoconfirmdetailsRinkNameStatusLightedHoursContactGrovelandClosedLightsturnoffat7pmdaily651-695-3714LangfordParkClosedLightsturnoffat9pmdaily651-298-5765PalaceOpenLightsturnoffat5pmdaily651-298-5677PhalenOpenMon-Fri:Lightsturnoffat9pmSat&Sun:Lightsturnoffat7pm651-793-6600Ourmaintenancecrewanddedicatedvolunteersworkhardtokeeptherinksclean,butSaintPaulsnowpilesupfastandfreezeseasily,whichcanquicklyreducetheskateablesurfaceareaoftherink.Evenifyoufeelyoucan’tcommittovolunteering,youarestilldesiredtohelpbyclearingsnowwhilevisitingtherinks.ThankyoufordoingyourparttomakeSaintPaulrinksgreat.1.Whatsituationcancauserinkstoclose?A.Nowaterisfoundonthesurface. B.Thetemperaturesarebelow25F.C.Rinksundergomaintenancechecks. D.Theboardsandnetsarealmostbroken.2.Whichrinkwillyougotoifyouareavailableat8pmonTuesdays?A.Phalen. B.Palace. C.Groveland. D.LangfordPark.3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A.ToadvertiseSaintPaul’sicerinks. B.TopresentSaintPaul’ssnowpiles.C.Tostimulatevisitorstoremovesnow. D.Topraiserinks’crewandvolunteers.【1~3题答案】【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了SaintPaul的四个溜冰场的位置，开放时间以及注意的细节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据RinkHours&Locations:中的“Rinkswillcloseperiodicallyformaintenance.(溜冰场将定期关闭去维护)”可知在维护期间，溜冰场将关闭。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据RinkHours&Locations:中的PhalenOpenMon-Fri:Lightsturnoffat9pmSat&Sun:Lightsturnoffat7pm651-793-6600可知在周二下午8点，如果你有时间，可以去Phalen，因此它周一至周五，灯光在晚上9点关闭。故选A.【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Evenifyoufeelyoucan’tcommittovolunteering,youarestilldesiredtohelpbyclearingsnowwhilevisitingtherinks.(即使你感觉你不能投身于志愿者活动，你仍旧被期待在参观溜冰场时，可以帮助清理雪。因此最后一段鼓励参观者帮助除雪。故选C。BHecametoBritain,16,withahandfulofqualifications.￡5inpocketandaburningambition.Thirty-fiveyearslater,Vijay,51,andhisbrother.Bhikhu.ownadrugcompanywhichdoes$234millionworthofbusinesseachyear.Togethertheyareworth￡280millionandnowtheyhavebeenjointlynamed“EntrepreneuroftheYear”.Itisaninspirationaltale.Yetdespitetheirwealthandthisaward,Vijayremainsmodestabouttheirsuccess.Hepraiseshismother:“Sheisanincrediblelady.Shetaughtushardwork,honestyandwehavebasedourlivesonthosequalities.”In1967,VijaykissedhismothergoodbyetoLondontomakehisfortune.“Ihadlittlemorethanmyqualificationsand$5,”saysVijay.“Buttogowiththose,Ihadahugeambitiontomakesomethingofmyself,”herecalls.Typically,Vijaylooksonthebrightside.“Whenyoustartfromzero,thingscan’tgetanyworse.Youhaveonlyonewaytogo.andthat’sup-ifthereisahungerinyourstomachforsuccess.”Vijnysays.“MybrotherandIweredeterminedtobetterourselvesandBritainwasthelandofopportunity.”By1982,hehadownedsixchemist’sshops,whenBhikhu,athenfinancialanalyst,joinedhim,addingsome“financialdiscipline”tohiscompany.Vijaysays:“Isimplycouldn’thavedoneitwithouthim.”Asheputsit,“Broughtupunderoneroof,weunderstandoneanotherfromAtoZ.”Vijayiskeentocontinuerepayingthecountryhehasmadehisown.“Wehopewearemodecitizensandwouldliketoremainso,”hesays.“Weareluckyenoughtoliveinacountrythatneverstandsinourway.”Hismessageforyoungpeopleistodothesame:“Identifyyouraim,anddonotletanythingdiscourageyoufromachievingthatgoal.”4.WhatdidVijaypossesswhenstartinghisbusiness?A.£280millionincash. B.Asmalldrugcompany.C.Thetitle“EntrepreneuroftheYear”. D.Nothingbutqualificationsandambition.5.WhatistherecipeforVijay’ssuccess?A.Hisbrother’sfinancialaid. B.Hisidentityofmodelcitizen.C.Theperseveranceinhisgoal. D.Encouragingquotesfrommom.6.Whichcanprobablyreplacetheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?A.Wesharesomethingincommon. B.Weknoweachotherinsideout.C.Wecountoneachotherincareer. D.Wetwotogethercreatefireandwater.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FromPennilesstoMillionaire B.TheSignificanceofEducationC.ThePowerofDeepBrotherhood D.AModestSuccessfulBusinessman【4~7题答案】【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了被评为“年度企业家”的Vijay和Bhikhu的成功史，以及成功的秘诀。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“HecametoBritain,16,withahandfulofqualifications.￡5inpocketandaburningambition.Thirty-fiveyearslater,Vijay,51,andhisbrother,Bhikhu,ownadrugcompanywhichdoes$234millionworthofbusinesseachyear.(16岁时，他来到英国，带着一些资历，口袋里的￡5，还有一个燃烧的雄心。35年后，51岁的维贾伊和他的兄弟，Bhikhu。拥有一家每年价值2.34亿美元的制药公司)”,以及第三段第二句“‘Ihadlittlemorethanmyqualificationsand$5,’saysVijay.‘Buttogowiththose,Ihadahugeambitiontomakesomethingofmyself’(维贾伊说:‘除了我的资历和5美元之外，我一无所有。但与此同时，我有一个巨大的抱负，那就是要成就一番事业。')”可知，创业阶段，他除了资格证书和雄心，什么都没有。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句开始“Whenyoustartfromzero,thingscan’tgetanyworse.Youhaveonlyonewaytogo.andthat’sup—ifthereisahungerinyourstomachforsuccess.”Vijnysays.‘MybrotherandIweredeterminedtobetterourselvesandBritainwasthelandofopportunity.’（‘当你从零开始，事情不会变得更糟。你只有一条路可走。如果你的胃里有一股渴望成功的欲望，那就是成功。’Vijny说，‘我弟弟和我决心让自己变得更好，而英国是一片充满机遇的土地。’)”可知，Vijny对目标的执着是他的成功的秘诀。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“Broughtupunderoneroof,weunderstandoneanotherfromAtoZ.(我们在同一个屋檐下长大，彼此了解)”，fromAtoZ意为“彻底地；从头至尾”。A项“Wesharesomethingincommon.(我们有共同之处)”；B项“Weknoweachotherinsideout.(我们互相了解得很透彻)”；C项“Wecountoneachotherincareer.(我们在事业上互相依靠)”；D项“Wetwotogethercreatefireandwater.(我们简直是水火不容)”。B项与该句语意相近，故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了把手起家的Vijay凭借雄心壮志，打拼到拥有一家每年营业额过亿美元的制药公司的经历。故FromPennilesstoMillionaire(从一文不名到百万富翁)，符合题意。故选A项。CAsetoftusks(象牙)isusuallyanadvantageforelephants,allowingthemtodigforwater,peelbarkforfoodanddefendthemselves.Butduringepisodesofintenseivorypoaching,thosebigtusksmayinvitedanger.NowresearchershavefiguredouthowyearsofcivilwarandpoachinginMozambiquehaveledtoagreaternumberofelephantsthatwillneverdeveloptusks.Duringtheconflictfrom1977to1992,fightersonbothsideskilledelephantsforivorytofinancewarefforts.Intheregion,around90%oftheelephantswerekilled.Thesurvivorswerelikelytoshareakeycharacteristic:halfthefemaleswerenaturallytuskless-theysimplyneverdevelopedtusks-whilebeforethewar,lessthanafifthlackedtusks.Afterthewar,thosetusklesssurvivingfemalespassedontheirgeneswithexpected,aswellassurprising,results.Abouthalftheirdaughtersweretuskless.Moreconfusing,two-thirdsoftheiroffspring(后代)werefemale.“Theyearsofunrestchangedtheevolutioninthatpopulation,”saidevolutionarybiologistShaneStaton.Mostpeoplethinkofevolutionassomethingthatproceedsslowly,buthumanscanhittheaccelerator.“Whenwethinkaboutnaturalselection,wethinkaboutithappeningoverhundreds,orthousandsofyears,”saidSamuelWasser,aconservationbiologistattheUniversityofWashington.“Thefactthatthisdramaticselectionfortusklessnesshappenedover15yearsisoneofthemostastonishingfindings.”Nowthescientistsarestudyingwhatmoretusklesselephantsmeansforthespeciesanditsenvironment.“Ifanelephantdoesn’thavethetooltopeelbarkfromtrees,thenwhatchainreactionwillhappen?”8.Whathaveresearchersfoundoutaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Thefunctionoftusks. B.Theinfluenceofcivilwar.C.Thefightagainstivorypoaching. D.Reasonsfornaturallytusklesselephants.9.Whatdoparagraph2and3tellusabouttheelephants?A.Theirpriceytusks. B.Theirevolutionprocess.C.Theirendangeredconditions. D.Theirsufferingsduringthewar.10.WhatsurprisedSamuelaboutthefindings?A.Therapidspeedofevolution. B.Elephants’genderimbalance.C.Elephants’populationreduction. D.Thediversityofnaturalselection.11.Whichmightbeoneoftheresultsofthechainreaction?A.Elephantswilldieoutsoon. B.Elephantswillshifttheirdiet.C.Elephantswillsufferfromstarvation. D.Elephantswillbereplacedbyotherspecies.【8~11题答案】【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【解析】【导读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了莫桑比克大象因为多年的内战和偷猎，在进化过程中导致了无象牙大象的出现，文章分析了进化的原因以及可能导致的结果。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“NowresearchershavefiguredouthowyearsofcivilwarandpoachinginMozambiquehaveledtoagreaternumberofelephantsthatwillneverdeveloptusks.(现在，研究人员已经弄清莫桑比克多年的内战和偷猎是如何导致大量的大象永远长不出象牙的。)”可知，研究人员弄清楚了天生没有象牙的大象的原因。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thesurvivorswerelikelytoshareakeycharacteristic:halfthefemaleswerenaturallytuskless-theysimplyneverdevelopedtusks-whilebeforethewar,lessthanafifthlackedtusks.(这些幸存者很可能共享一个关键特征:一半的雌性天生没有象牙——它们从来没有长出象牙——而在战前，只有不到五分之一的大象没有象牙。)”和第三段内容“Afterthewar,thosetusklesssurvivingfemalespassedontheirgeneswithexpected,aswellassurprising,results.Abouthalftheirdaughtersweretuskless.Moreconfusing,two-thirdsoftheiroffspring(后代)werefemale.‘Theyearsofunrestchangedtheevolutioninthatpopulation,’saidevolutionarybiologistShaneStaton.(战争结束后，这些没有象牙的幸存雌性大象将它们的基因遗传给了下一代，结果出乎意料，也令人惊奇。大约一半的女儿没有象牙。更令人困惑，三分之二的后代是女性。进化生物学家ShaneStaton说:“多年的动荡改变了这一种群的进化。”)”可推断，二、三两段讲述了大象的进化过程。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段SamuelWasser说的话“Thefactthatthisdramaticselectionfortusklessnesshappenedover15yearsisoneofthemostastonishingfindings.(这种对无象牙的戏剧性的选择发生在15年期间，是最令人惊讶的发现之一。)”可知，Samuel吃惊进化的速度。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ifanelephantdoesn’thavethetooltopeelbarkfromtrees,thenwhatchainreactionwillhappen?(如果大象没有剥树皮的工具，那么会发生什么连锁反应呢?)”可推断，这种连锁反应可能导致的结果是大象饮食的转变。故选B。DIt’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?Manysmartappliancestoday,particularlysmartphonesandvirtualassistantsareequippedwithvoicecommandcapabilities.Theycan,therefore,listentoandrecordyourcommentsandconversationsevenafterthey’vecarriedoutyouroriginalcommand.Concernsaboutdevicesturningonvoicecommandbythemselvesandlisteningevenwhenyoudonotenablethefeaturehavealsobeenraised.Thequestionthenis:Whatactuallyhappenswhenyoursmartdeviceislistening?Howmuchinformationgetsrecorded,andwheredoesthiseventuallyendupin?Takealisteningappcalled“Alphonso”asanexample.Youcan’tdownloaditdirectlyfromtheAppStore,butitcomeswithsomegamesandappsthatyoucanfix.Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Now,what’stostopdevicesfromgatheringotherdata?Theycanbemadetolookatchatandtextmessagesoryourcalendar,forexample,everythingaboutyouwouldbefairgame.Somepopularsmarthomeplatformscancontroltheplatformstofallsilentbutstillremainactive,capturingeverywordyouspeakthatcanpotentiallylandyouinsomesortofphishing(网络欺诈)trouble.Thisseemstobethepricewehavetopayfortheconveniencethattechnologygivesus.Privacyseemsnon-existent.Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.12.WhatcanweinferaboutIoTmentionedinparagraph1?A.PeoplerelytoomuchonIoT. B.IoTspiesareexactlyamongus.C.IoTcanbeadouble-edgedsword. D.IoTmerelycomeswithadarksecret.13.Whatisthepotentialriskassociatedwithsmartdevices?A.Voicecommandcapabilities B.Personaldataandidentitytheft.C.Originalcommandrecognition. D.Location-basedtrackingfunction.14.Whydoestheauthortake“Alphonso”asanexample?A.Topresenthowsmartdevicessendads. B.Tointroducetheadvantageofvoicecommands.C.Toshowtheusageofdownloadinglisteningapp. D.Toexplainhowhiddenappstealpeople’sprivacy.15.Wheredosethearticlegonext?A.Waystopreventinformationleakage. B.Reasonsforthelossofpersonaldata.C.Tricksofobtainingsensitiveinformation. D.Methodsofinteractionswithtechnologies.【12~15题答案】【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了智能设备在提供方便的同时，也会有一些潜在的风险。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“It’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?（这是一个相互联系的世界，几乎所有的设备，家用电器，以及运行着某种计算机的机器，都可以通过物联网与其他设备相互联系。在这个我们称之为人类文明的旅程中，这是一个多么大的大跃进啊！但是最近的进步是否伴随着某天会转向我们的黑暗秘密呢？智能设备会在我们周围监视吗？）”可知，通过物联网与其他设备相互联系，是人类文明的进步，但进步也伴随着风险，即泄露我们的秘密，所以可推知，IoT是一把双刃剑。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”可知，智能设备会记录我们的数据，并发送到某个服务器上，从而窃取了我们的信息。选项B与文意相符，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”推知，通过实例解释了智能设备窃取我们信息的过程，选项D符合题意，故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.（因此，我们应该采取措施，保护自己免受这种可能性。）”可知，此处提出了要保护我们免遭危险的办法是采取措施，所以接下来的内容可能描述一些具体的保护方法。选项A符合题意，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Procrastination(拖延症)isacommonproblemweface,whichharmsnotonlyourperformancebutalsoourself-confidence.____16____.So,herewego.●PlaninadvanceIfyoudon’tplanyourday,youwillfinditdifficulttobeproductiveandgetmoredone.Youmaynotrememberwhatyouhavetodo,orevenifyoudoremember,youmayprocrastinate.Therefore,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodothenextday,mostprobablybeforesleepingatnigh.____17____.●StartfromthemostimportantMostofthetime,wecomplainthatwedon’tgetenoughtime.____18____.So,youhavetofocusonlyonthoseimportantandmeaningfulthingsandleteverythinggo.Nowsincetheworkisimportantandmeaningful,mostprobably,itwouldbedifficult.Andyouknowmorningisthebesttimefordoingdifficultjobs.It’sapowerfulstrategyforyoutotakeactioninthemorning●____19____Thenextthingisyouneedtofocusyourattentiononwhatyoudo.Andit’sonlypossibleifyouworkinadistraction-freeenvironment.Themostcommondistractionisthephone.____20____.Youmightthinkthatcheckingyourmessagesonlytakesafewseconds,sowhatistheharminthat.Buttheproblemisnotthetime;therealproblemistheattention.So,prepareyourselffordeepworkbyeliminatingallthedistractions.A.RemovethedistractionsB.FocusyourattentiononphonesC.ItcanhelpyoustopprocrastinatingD.HenceitisnecessarytoovercomethisproblemE.SoitwouldbebetterifyoukeepitsilentorinflightmodeF.ThissimplestepwouldmakeyourdayorganizedandproductiveG.Butthethingisthatyouwillneverhaveenoughtimetodoeverything【16~20题答案】【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是怎么克服拖延症。【16题详解】空格前说“Procrastination(拖延症)isacommonproblemweface,whichharmsnotonlyourperformancebutalsoourself-confidence.(拖延症是我们面临的一个普遍问题，它不仅损害了我们的表现，也损害了我们的自信)”，因此空格处会接着说到应该解决这个问题，然后后文讲如何解决，D选项“Henceitisnecessarytoovercomethisproblem(因此，有必要克服这个问题)”说明了要解决拖延症这个问题，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】空格前说“Therefore,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodothenextday,mostprobablybeforesleepingatnigh.(因此，列出你第二天要做的所有事情的清单，很可能是在晚上睡觉前)”由此推知，空格处承接这上文，应该说这样做的好处，F选项“Thissimplestepwouldmakeyourdayorganizedandproductive(这个简单的步骤会让你的一天变得有条理和富有成效)”说明了列出第二天要做的所有事情的清单会让你的一天变得有条理和富有成效，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】空格前说“Mostofthetime,wecomplainthatwedon’tgetenoughtime.(很多时候，我们抱怨我们没有足够的时间)”，空格后说“So,youhavetofocusonlyonthoseimportantandmeaningfulthingsandleteverythinggo.(所以，你必须只关注那些重要和有意义的事情，而不是一切事情)”由此推知，空格处应说到为什么只关注重要和有意义的事情，G选项“Butthethingisthatyouwillneverhaveenoughtimetodoeverything(但问题是你永远不会有足够的时间去做所有的事情)”说明了不能做所有事情的原因是没有足够的时间，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】空格处是本段的小标题，根据空格下方的“Thenextthingis,youneedtofocusyourattentiononwhatyoudo.Andit’sonlypossibleifyouworkinadistraction-freeenvironment.(接下来，你需要把注意力集中在你所做的事情上。只有在一个没有干扰的环境中工作才有可能)”可知，本段主要讲的是要去除干扰，A选项“Removethedistractions(消除干扰)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。【20题详解】空格前说“Themostcommondistractionisthephone.(最常见的干扰是电话)”由此推知，空格处应说“怎么消除电话的干扰”，E选项“Soitwouldbebetterifyoukeepitsilentorinflightmode(所以最好保持静音或飞行模式)”说明了保持静音或飞行模式就可以消除电话的干扰，因此E选项承接上文，符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThereisanarttobeingagoodtourguideandMartinknowswhatitis.Lastspring,ItookatriparoundLondonwithMartin,atourguide.Accustomedtoguideswhoare____21____excellentbutwhooftenturnouttobe____22____,IwassostruckbyMartin’sperformancethatI____23____himoutagaintosee,ifcould,justhowthe____24____wasdone.ThistimethetourwasforapartyofforeignEnglishlearners,agedanythingbetween20and60.Asthe“____25____”gathered,Martinwelcomedthemwithakindofhuge____26____,asifhehadbeenwaitingforthemwithexcitementandatouchofanxiety,nowthankfully____27____.Ihavetosay,allthisseemedabsolutely____28____.Soonafter,we____29____theBritishMuseum,“agreatarchitecturalshowpiece”,advisedMartin.Hecontinued____30____questionswhichledtoa____31____aboutbuilding,fishandchips,Londoners,and____32____Shakespeare.Thiswashowhelikedtowork:themes,introducedasifnaturally,were____33____forlaterdiscussion.Itwasovertwohoursofnon-stop____34____,withinformation,observationandhumour.Attheendofourtour,Martinsaysencouraginglyto____35____hisguide:“IdohopeyouenjoyLondon.”Thereareseveralhundredother____36____outthere,alllookingfora(n)____37____ofthework.Ithinkaswetalk,thatIamstartingtounderstandwhygoodguidesareso____38____.It’smuchmore____39____thanitlooks,anditdemands,foreverystretchofroad,anevenlonger____40____ofstudyandforethought.21.A.constantly B.never C.occasionally D.always22.A.bossy B.considerate C.sensitive D.suspicious23.A.sent B.sought C.asked D.helped24.A.experiment B.trip C.trial D.trick25.A.tourists B.foreigners C.fans D.performers26.A.pleasure B.admiration C.complaint D.appreciation27.A.satisfied B.relieved C.amazed D.inspired28.A.demanding B.funny C.genuine D.accidental29.A.passed B.ignored C.inspected D.sponsored30.A.explaining B.boosting C.accepting D.answering31.A.negotiation B.quarrel C.disagreement D.conversation32.A.only B.still C.even D.just33.A.laiddown B.turneddown C.rolledover D.setout34.A.argument B.persuasion C.promotion D.performance35.A.start B.end C.test D.reform36.A.learners B.specialists C.guides D.Londoners37.A.mass B.amount C.variety D.share38.A.frank B.rare C.outgoing D.honest39.A.rewarding B.amusing C.challenging D.frightening40.A.patience B.strength C.determination D.stretch【21~40题答案】【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.A27.B28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B36.C37.D38.B39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过参加导游马丁的导游活动，明白了做一个好的导游是一门艺术。【详解】1.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我习惯了那些偶尔很优秀，但是经常很专横的导游，我被马丁的表现深深打动了，所以我再次找到他，如果可以的话，看看这个把戏是怎么玩的。A.constantly持续不断地；B.never从不；C.occasionally偶尔地；D.always总是。根据下文“excellentbutwhooftenturnouttobe___2__”，可知此处指经常情况都是专横，偶尔时候是优秀的。故选C。2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.bossy专横的；B.considerate体贴的；C.sensitive善解人意的；D.suspicious怀疑的。结合前文“excellentbutwhooftenturnouttobe”可知，此处应用一个和excellent相反的意思，故选A。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sent发送；B.sought寻找；C.asked问；D.helped帮助。根据下文“himoutagaintosee”，可知，此处指我再一次找到马丁，故选B。4.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.experiment实验；B.trip旅程；C.trial试验；D.trick手段，花样，诀窍，窍门。根据上文描述可知，此处是指作者想知道马丁是怎么做到一直那么“优秀”的，即他的窍门是什么。故选D。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当“游客”聚集起来的时候，马丁带着一种巨大的愉悦欢迎他们，就好像他一直带着兴奋和焦虑等待着他们，谢天谢地，现在终于解脱了。A.tourists游客；B.foreigners外国人；C.fans粉丝；D.performers表演者。根据前文“ThistimethetourwasforapartyofforeignEnglishlearners,agedanythingbetween20and60.”可知，参加这次旅程的是为一群外国英语学习者准备的，年龄在20到60岁之间。所以此处指游客们。故选A。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.pleasure愉悦；B.admiration钦佩；C.complaint抱怨；D.appreciation感激。根据前文“Martinwelcomedthemwithakindofhuge”可知，用拥抱欢迎游客，所以应该是高兴的。故选A。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.satisfied满意；B.relieved解脱；C.amazed惊讶；D.inspired启发。根据前文“hehadbeenwaitingforthemwithexcitementandatouchofanxiety,nowthankfully”可知，一直在等待，此刻游客们全部到来，所以对马丁而言，就是等待的结束，即有种解脱感。故选B。8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不说，这一切看起来都是真的。A.demanding要求高的；B.funny可笑的；C.genuine真的；D.accidental意外的。根据前文“Martinwelcomedthemwithakindofhuge_6___,asifhehadbeenwaitingforthemwithexcitement”可知，马丁的动作及他表达的内容并非事实所表述的，但这就的确发生了。所以看起来就如同真的一样。故选C。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，我们经过了大英博物馆，马丁建告知我们，这是一座伟大的建筑展品。A.passed经过；B.ignored忽视；C.inspected调查；D.sponsored赞助。根据下文“Hecontinued__10__questionswhichledtoa__11_____aboutbuilding,”，可知，马丁带着这些游客游览，所以此处指我们经过大英博物馆。故选A。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续提问，引发了一场关于建筑，炸鱼和薯条、伦敦人甚至莎士比亚的讨论。A.explaining解释；B.boosting增加；激励；C.accepting接受；D.answering回答。根据下文“whichledtoa__11__aboutbuilding,fishandchips.”可知，此处指马丁继续提出问题，让游客们回答。故选B。11.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.negotiation谈判；B.quarrel争吵；C.disagreement分歧；D.conversation交谈；谈话。根据下文“aboutbuilding,fishandchips,Londoners”可知此处指马丁的问题引起了游客们的讨论。故选D。12.考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.only只，仅仅；B.still仍旧；C.even甚至；D.just恰好。根据语境，此处指马丁的提问甚至提到了关于莎士比亚的问题。故选C。13.考查短语词义辨析。句意：这就是他喜欢的工作方式:主题，被自然地介绍出来，为以后的讨论奠定基础。A.laiddown制定；B.turneddown拒绝；C.rolledover翻滚；D.setout出发。根据空处前后文可知，此处指前面的问题为后面的讨论打好了基础，故选A。14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个多小时的连续表演，充满了信息，观察和幽默。A.argument争论；B.persuasion说服；C.promotion促销活动；D.performance表演。此处指马丁在这两个小时的导游过程中的表现。故选D。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的旅行结束时，马丁用鼓励性的话结束他的导游:“我希望你们喜欢伦敦。”A.start开始；B.end结束；C.test测试；D.reform改革。根据前文“Attheendofourtour”可知，此处指马丁结束他的这次导游活动。故选B。16.考查名词词义辨析。句意：外面还有好几百个导游，都想分一杯羹。A.learners学习者；B.specialists专家；C.guides导游；D.Londoners伦敦人。结合上文中作者提到自己参加导游马丁的事例和下文“alllookingfora(n)17ofthework.”可知，此处指还有很多其他导游。故选C。17.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.mass大量；B.amount许多；C.variety多种多样；D.share正常的一份。结合语境，此处指其它那些从事导游的人，都渴望从这份工作中分得利益。故选D。18.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想在我们谈话的时候，我开始明白为什么好的导游这么少了。A.frank坦白的；B.rare罕见的；稀有的；C.outgoing外向的；D.honest诚实的。结合前文作者参加马丁导游的这次活动，作者看到了导游为完成工作的表现，作者明白了为什么好的