高考词汇词性变化规律含名动形副和其他

高考词汇词性变化规律（1）:

名词类变化.以后缀-ce结尾的名词后缀变为以-ent后缀结尾的形容词confidence—confident自信的difference—different不同的evidence证据—evident明显的independence—independent独立的intelligence智力—intelligent聪明的patience—patient有耐心的silence—silent沉默的violence—violent暴力的.以后缀-ency结尾的名词变为以-ent后缀结尾的^容词emergency—emergent紧急的fluency-fluent流利的；流畅的frequency频率—frequent频繁的efficiency—efficient有效率的.名词十-y后缀变为形容词anger-angry生气的cloud—cloudy多云的dirt—dirty脏的dust—dusty布满尘土的ease—easy容易的；安易的fog—foggy有雾的frost—frosty结霜的；严寒的greed—greedy贪吃的；贪婪的guilt—guilty内疚的；有罪的health—healthy健康的hunger—hungry饥饿的ice—icy结冰的mess—messy杂乱的mist—misty有雾的noise—noisy吵闹的；嘈杂的salt—salty咸的sleep—sleepy困的snow—snowy有雪的storm—stormy暴风雨的sun—sunny晴朗的taste—tasty可口的；好吃的thirst—thirsty渴的；渴望的wealth—wealthy富有的wind—windy有风的.名词十-ly后缀变形容词year—yearly每年的brother—brotherly兄弟般的day—daily每天的friend—friendly友好的month—monthly每月的quarter—quarterly每季的week—weekly每周的.名词十-al后缀变为形容词agriculture—agricultural农业的benefit—beneficial有益的commerce—commercial商业的2convention—conventional传统的culture—cultural文化的environment—environmental环境的face—facial表面的music—musical音乐的nation—national国家的nature—natural自然的；天然的office—official官方的origin—original原来的profession—professional专业的season—seasonal季节的；季节性的鬻案苫髯愿的传统的.名词十-ous后辍变为形容词adventure—adventurous冒险的danger—dangerous危险的humour—humorous幽默的mountain—mountainous多山的poison—poisonous有毒的.动词+-er后缀变为指物的名词cooker炊具counter柜台drawer抽屉receiver听筒；话筒speaker扬声器typewriter打字机.名词加后频-ician表示人electriciann.电工magiciann.魔术师musiciann.音乐家physiciann.内科医生politiciann.政治家techniciann.技术员.以-ist后缀结尾的名词，表示人，.家,…者art—artist艺术家biology—biologist生物学家journal—journalist新闻工作者；记者physics—physicist物理学家piano—pianist钢琴家psychology—psychologist心理学家science—scientist科学家social—socialist社会主义者special—specialist专家tour—tourist游客.以后缀-ology结尾的名词，表示.学archaeology考古学biology生物学ecology生态学geology地质学psychology心理学sociology社会学technology技术；工艺drama—dramatic戏剧（性）的energy—energetic精力充沛的enthusiasm—enthusiastic热情的romance—romantic浪漫的science—scientific科学的sympathy—sympathetic同情的.名词+-hood后缀变为名词adult—adulthood成年boy—boyhood少年时代brother—brotherhood手足之情child—childhood童年man—manhood男子气概neighbour—neighbourhood令B里；街坊.名词+-ship后缀结尾，变为抽象名词championship冠头军衔friendship友谊hardship困苦；苦难leadership领导地位；领导才能membership成员资格relationship关系scholarship奖学金高考词汇词性变化规律（2）：动词类变化.动词+后缀-y变为名词deliver—delivery运送discover—discovery发现recover—recovery康复丁恢复.动词+后般-ing变为名词begin—beginning开始;开端build—building建筑（物）cross—crossing十字路口end—ending结局;结尾engine—engineering工程feel—feeling感觉hear—hearing听力market—marketing促销meet—meeting会议paint—painting绘画;油画spend^spending花销suffer^suffering苦难train—training训练;培养.动词+后缀-ment变为名词acquire—acquirementn.取得accomplish—accomplishment成就achieve—achievement成就adjust—adjustment调整;调节amuse—amusement愉快;快乐;消遣announce—announcement宣告;述说appoint—appointment约会;预约;任命argue—argument争论arrange—arrangement安排assess—assessment评估assign—assignment分配;任务astonish—astonishment惊讶develop—development发展disappoint—disappointment失望embarrass—embarrassment尴尬employ—employment雇用enjoy—enjoyment享受;欢乐entertain—entertainment款待;娱乐equip—equipment设备establish—establishment建立govern—government统治;政府improve—improvement提高judge—judgement判断move—movement运动;移动punish—punishment惩罚settle—settlement定居;解决state—statement陈述;说明.动词+后8-ive变为形容词act—active积极的attract—attractive吸引人的cooperate—cooperative合作的impress—impressive给人印象深刻的protect—protective保护的relate—relative相关的sense—sensitive敏感的object—objective客观的negative消极的passive被动的positive积极的subjective主观的.动词+后缀-able变为形容词accept—acceptable可接受的adjust—adjustable可调节的admire—admirable令人钦佩的afford—affordable负担得起的change—changeable易变的comfort—comfortable舒服的consider—considerable重要的；相当大的desire—desirable值得做的;可取的enjoy—enjoyable令人愉快的favour—favourable赞成的;有利的forget—forgettable健忘的honour—honourable可敬的;光荣的reach—reachable可获得的;可达到的reason—reasonable合理的rely—reliable可靠的;可信赖的remark—remarkable不平凡的suit—suitable合适的understand—understandable可理解的value—valuable宝贵的.动词+后缀-ed变为形容词absorb—absorbed专心的;聚精会神的accustom—accustomed习惯的balance—balanced平衡的bury—buried专心的complicate—complicated复杂的determine—determine坚定的;有决心的devote—devoted忠实的experience—experienced有经验的learn—learned博学的limit—limited有限的organize—organized有组织的suppose—supposed应该的relate—related相关的skill^skilled熟练的unite—united联合的;统一的.动词+后缀-ing/+-ed变为形amuse—amusing好笑的;有趣的—amused愉快的astonish—astonishing令人惊讶的—astonished感到惊讶的bore—boring令人厌烦的—bored厌烦的confuse—confusing令人迷惑的—confused感到迷惑的convince—convincing令人信服的—convinced坚信不移的depress—depressing令人沮丧的—depressed沮丧的disappoint—disappointed失望的—dis叩pointing令人失望的disturb—disturbing令人不安的；—disturbed扰乱的;精神失常的embarrass—embarrassing令人尴的—embarrassed尴尬的excite—exciting令人兴奋的—excited兴奋的frighten—frightening令人害怕的—frightened害怕的relax—relaxing使人放松的—relaxed轻松的satisfy—satisfying令人满意的—satisfied对……满意的shock—shocking令人震惊的—shocked震惊的surprise—surprising令人吃惊的—surprised吃惊的tire—tiring令人疲劳的.动词+后缀-tion变为名词accelerate—acceleration加速accumulate—accumulation积累adapt—adaptation适应;改编addict—addiction沉溺;嗜好；d器——黑;黑「羡拥护apply—application申请appreciate—appreciation感激;欣赏assume—assumption假定;设想celebrate—celebration庆祝classify—classification分类;归类combine—combination联合congratulate—congratulation祝贺construct—construction建筑物consume—consumption消费contradict—contradiction反驳contribute—contribution贡献cooperate—cooperation合作correct—correction改正;纠正create—creation创造;创建declare—declaration宣言;公告decorate—decoration装饰decorate—decoration装饰determine—determination决/心digest—digestion消化elect—election竞选;选举erupt—eruption火山爆发evaluate—evaluation评估exhibit—exhibition展览;展览会expect—expectation期望;期待fascinate—fascination魅力;入迷graduate—graduation毕业graduate—graduation毕业hesitate—hesitation犹豫;踌躇imagine—imagination想象immigrate—immigration迁移;移居indicate—indication指示;暗示infect—infection传染interrupt—interruption中断object—objection反对occupy—occupation占领;占据organize—organization组织pollute—pollution污染predict—prediction预言prepare—preparation准备protect—protection保护recommend—recommendation推荐;介绍reflect—reflection思考;反映regulate—regulation规则;规章reject—rejection拒绝;抛弃relax—relaxation放松satisfy—satisfaction满意;满足starve—starvation挨饿;饿死substitute—substitution代替;取代translate—translation翻译transport—transportation交通.动词+后缀-ure变为名词press—pressure压力please—pleasure乐事;快乐expose—exposure暴露;揭发fail—failure失败mix—mixture混合物.动词+后缀-sion变为名词admit—admission容许;承认permit—permission允许impress—impression印象express—expression表情;表达revise—revision复习possess—possession拥有conclude—conclusion结论confuse—confusion困惑;混淆.动词/形容词+后缀-ance变为名词guide—guidance指导tolerate—tolerance宽容ignore—ignorance无知;愚昧appear—appearance出现important—importance重要（性）elegant—elegance优雅大方assist—assistance援助resist—resistance抵抗guide—guidance指导annoy—annoyance恼怒

高考词汇词性变化规律（3）形容词类变化.形容词+后缀-ity变为名词electric—electricity电；电流；电学equal—equality平等major—majority大多数popular—popularity受欢迎；流行real—reality现实secure—security安全similar—similarity相似点.以后缀-ity结尾的高频名词cruelty残忍diversity多样性necessity必需品；需要possibility可能性security安全similarity相似（性）.形容词+后缀-en变为动词bright—brighten使愉快；使明亮broad—broaden加宽；拓宽dark—darken使变暗deep—deepen加深；使变深fright—frighten（使）惊吓hard—harden使变硬light—lighten使变轻long—lengthen加长loose—loosen（使）变松；放松；松开quick—quicken加快ripe—ripen变成熟；使成熟sharp—sharpen磨快；使锋利short—shorten变短；缩短soft—soften使变软strong—strengthen加强weak—weaken使变弱wide—widen加宽；拓宽.形容词+后缀-th变为名词deep—depth深；深处grow—growth成长long—length长；长度strong—strength力量grow—growth成长long—length长；长度strong—strength力量true—truth真理warm—warmth温暖wide—width宽度actual—actually实际上entire—entirely完全；全部地gradual—gradually逐渐地fortunate—fortunately幸运地final—finally最后extreme—extremely极其5.形词+后缀-ness变为名词aware—awareness意识词性变化规律（4）:反义词careless—carelessness粗心大意conscious—consciousness知觉dark—darkness黑暗eager—eagerness渴望happy—happiness幸福；高兴kind—kindness仁慈；好意lonely—loneliness孤独rude—rudeness粗鲁sad—sadness悲哀；悲伤sick—sickness疾病weak—weakness弱点；虚弱willing—willingness愿意.以后缀-ious结尾的形容词ambitious有雄心的；野心勃勃的cautious小心的；谨慎的conscious有意识的envious忌妒的；猜忌的mysterious神秘的religious宗教上的；虔诚的.以后缀-ical结尾的形容词economical经济的；节约的electrical与电有关的historical与历史有关的logical逻辑的magical神奇的；像变魔术似的musical音乐的；悦耳的political政治的.形容词+后缀-ly变为用词fluent—fluently流利地frequent—frequently频繁地；经常地

词性变化之反义词.动词—Mdis-+动词agree—disagree不同意appear—disappear消失appoint—disappoint使失望approve—disapprove反对；不赞成comfort—discomfort使不舒适cover—discover发现like—dislike不喜欢.形容词—前缀in-+形容词accurate—inaccurate不精确的adequate—inadequate不充分的appropriate—inappropriate不合适的expensive—inexpensive便宜的experienced—inexperienced经验不足的.形容词—前缀淅-+形patient—impatient不耐心的polite—impolite没礼貌的possible—impossible不可能的practical—impractical不实用的proper—improper不合适的.形容词—前缀un-+形容词变able—unable不能的aware—unaware不知道的believable—unbelievable不可相信的certain—uncertain不确定的clear—unclear不清楚的comfortable—uncomfortabl不舒服的common—uncommon不常有的conscious—unconscious失去知觉的fair—unfair不公平的forgettable—unforgettable难忘的fortunate—unfortunate不幸的fit—unfit不合适的friendly—unfriendly不友好的h叩py-unhappy不高兴的；不幸福的known-unknown无名的likely-unlikely不可能的lucky-unlucky不幸的necessary-unnecessary不必要的pleasant-unpleasant不愉快的fortunate-unfortunate不幸的important—unimportant不重要的usual—unusual不寻常的willing—unwilling不情愿的.名词-名词+后缀-less构成的形容词aim-aimless无目的的care-careless粗心大意的count-countless无数的doubt-doubtless无疑的end-endless无尽的harm-harmless无害的help-helpless无助的home-homeless无家可归的hope-hopeless无希望的limit-limitless无限的rest-restless不安的use-useless无用的.动词-前缀mi