2022-2023学年福建省福州市重点中学高二（下）期中联考英语试卷及答案解析

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年福建省福州市重点中学高二（下）期中联考英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AThefollowingfourfamouspaintings—fromJanvanEyck'sportraittoPabloPicasso'smasterpiece—havestoodthetestoftime.

TheArnolfiniPortrait

JanvanEyck'sArnolfiniPortrait，anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434，inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher，isundoubtedlyoneofthemasterpiecesintheNationalGallery，London.Thispaintingisnotonlyvisuallyinterestingbutalsofamed.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentonfifteenth-centurysociety，throughJanvanEyck'sheavyuseofsymbolism—whilehusbandswentouttoengageinbusiness，wivesconcernedthemselveswithdomesticduties.

TheStarryNight

VincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight，oiloncanvas（油画布），amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanightskyoverasmallhillsidevillage，duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalinSaint-Remy-de-Provence，Francebetween1889and1890.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941，itwasnotwellknown，butithassincebecomeoneofVincentvanGogh'smostfamousworks.

TheHarvesters

TheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.Itdepicts（描绘）theharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofJulyandAugust.NicolaesJonghelinck，amerchantbankerandartcollectorfromAntwerp，onceheldthispainting.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.

Guernica

Guernica，alargeoilpainting，waspaintedbytheCubist（立体派的）Spanishpainter，PabloPicassoin1937.Thetitle"Guernica"referstothecitythatwasbombedduringthewar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult，hascometobeanantiwarsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.Today，thepaintingishousedattheMuseoNacionalCentrodeArteReinaSofíainMadrid.1.Whichofthefollowingpaintingswasproducedearliest？______A.Guernica. B.TheArnolfiniPortrait.

C.TheStarryNight. D.TheHarvesters.2.Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingtheharvestseasons？______A.JanvanEyck. B.VincentvanGogh.

C.PieterBruegeltheElder. D.PabloPicasso.3.WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight？______A.Itwaspaintedonwoodinoils.

B.Itdescribedthepainter'slifeinhospital.

C.Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.

D.Itwasn'twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.BLillian，17，hadjuststartedworkingasalifesaveratabeachinAustraliaonNewYear'sEvewhenbeach-goersstartedtopointandshoutatthewater.Theworkersquicklyexaminedthesituationandsawthatakangaroohadjumpedoutofthebushes（灌木丛）—straightintothesea.

Theanimalseemedconfusedbythefishermenstandingontherocks，Soinsteadofturningbackandheadingbackintothebushes，itjumpedrightintothewater!Thepoorthingbobbed（摆动）aroundinthewavesandwentunderwaterseveraltimesbeforeLilliandecidedtotakeaction.

Aswithanyotheranimalrescue，it'simportanttoapproachthesituationwith.Wildanimalsthatarestressedcanbecomedangeroustotheirrescuers，andLillianwasawareoftherisksasshetookherrescueboardandhitthewateratarun."Itjustdidn'twanttocomeontothebeachbecauseitwaskindofscared，"shesaid."Iwastryingtofigureouthowtogetitontheboard.Butconsideringthatit'sawildanimal，eventhoughIwashelping，Iwouldn'twanttobehurtbyitormakeitmorestressedout."

Asbeach-goersrecordedtherescueontheirphones，Lillianpaddled（用桨划船）behindtheanimalcarefullyandguidedthekangarooontothebeach.AssoonasLillian'sfeettouchedthesand，thebeacheruptedincheersforher!"Itwasquitespecial.Aspeopletherewerecheeringandclapping，thekangaroowasjustsittingthereupinthebushesstaringatme，asifitwasconveyingsomethingwithitsshiningeyes，"Lilliansaid."Ididn'tthinkthatwasgoingtoeverbemyfirstrescue.Imayhavemorerescuesinthefuture，butnonewouldbeasmemorableasthisone."4.Whathappenedtothekangaroo？______A.Itjumpedofftherocksbymistake.

B.Itwasforcedtoleavethebushes.

C.Itjumpedintotheseabyaccident.

D.Itwaswashedawayintothesea.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prudence"inparagraph3probablymean？______A.Inspiration. B.Care. C.Hope. D.Shock.6.Howdidthekangarooreacttoitsrescuer？______A.Itcouldn'twaittoleaveher. B.Itwasworriedabouthersafety.

C.Itseemedgratefulforherhelp. D.Itwasconfusedaboutheraction.7.WhichofthefollowingscanbestdescribeLillian？______A.Far-sightedandindependent. B.Talentedandpositive.

C.Determinedandambitious. D.Braveandcautious.CManyofusknowaboutRussia'sLakeBaikalfromourtextbooks，orbylisteningtoChinesesingerLiJian'shitsong，LieBaikal．Butoverthepastdecade，theworld'sdeepestfreshwaterlakehasbeeninthespotlightforanextremesport．

EachMarchsince2005，about150peoplefromaroundtheworldsignupfortheBaikalIceMarathon．Theycometoexplorethelake'sbreathtakingbeautyandchallengethemselvesinunpredictableconditions．The26-mile（41.84-kilometers）journeystartsonthelake'seasternshore．InMarch，theiceisameterthickandiron-hard．Runnerscrossthisfrozensurface，finishingonthewesternsideofthelake．

Knownasthe"blueeyeofSiberia"，LakeBaikalhasexceptionallyclearwaters．Thismeansitsiceisalmostperfectlytransparent（透明的）．"Seenfromabove，arunnerontheicelooksasifheorshewerejoggingthroughspace．"TheNewYorkTimesnoted．

Thelandscapemightbebeautiful，butit'salsoharsh．Strongwindsblast（侵袭）acrossthelakeandfrostbitecanoccurwithinhalfanhour．Runnerssaythecoldclimateiswhatdrawsthem．Theywanttotesttheirlimits．

"Whenyouareinsuchanenvironment，youdon'thavecarsaroundyou，andyoudon'thavethenoisearound．Ithinktheseextremeracesallowyoutobealonewithnature．"AlicjaBarahona，a64-year-oldrunnerfromtheUS，toldABCnews．

Thelocationofferssomestrangeanduniquecharacteristicsforthismarathon．Thefinishinglineisvisiblefromthestart，buttheendlesswhiteoffersnoprogressmarkers．Theracealsoendswithlittlefanfare（隆重的欢迎）．Touristscrowdingtheicearemostlyaddictedtosnappingselfies（自拍）andjustignoretherunners．

Forsomerunners，theabsenceofspectatorsmakestheracemorechallenging，becauseit'slonely．Theymustfightwiththemselves．"YouarealoneonBaikal．Itisyourrace．Youarealonewithyourself．Allyouneedtodoistodefeatyourself．"VeroniqueMessina，aFrenchrunner，toldtheTelegraph．8.WhatcanweknowabouttheBaikalIceMarathonfromthearticle？______A.Ittakesrunnersfromthenorthernendtothesouthernendofthelake．

B.Itinvolvesextremeweatherandbeautifulscenery．

C.Itattractsmoreandmoreparticipantseachyear．

D.Itisabout26kilometersinlength．9.HowdoestheBaikalIceMarathondifferfromothermarathons？______A.Onlymenareallowedtoruninthisrace．

B.Therunnersareoftendistractedbytourists．

C.Therearemanyprogressmarkersontheice．

D.Therunnerscanseethefinishinglinefromthestart．10.WhatisthemostchallengingpartoftheraceforMessina？______A.Thecoldclimate． B.Thelongdistance．

C.Noisysurroundings． D.Loneliness．11.Howmanyreasonsarelistedtoshowtheloneliness？______A.5． B.4． C.3． D.2．DThereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.Onanindividuallevel，wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies，holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortfoodweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.

Onalargescale，traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo，anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.

Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However，thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomaketraditionaldishesmaynotbereadilyavailable，sothetasteandflavourcanbedifferentfromwhattheywouldprepareintheirhomecountries.Additionally，immigrantsdonotonlyselldishestopeoplefromthesamecountriesasthem，buttopeoplefromdifferentcountries.Therefore，theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.Thosechangescancreatenewflavoursthatstillkeeptheculturalsignificanceofthedishes.

Weshouldembraceourheritagethroughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportanttorememberthateachdishhasaspecialplaceintheculturetowhichitbelongs，andisspecialtothosewhoprepareit.Foodisawindowintoculture，anditshouldbetreatedassuch.12.What'sthefunctionoffoodmentionedinthetext？______A.Tohelpmotivatehomesickness.

B.Toshownationalidentity.

C.Toreflectacountry'shistory.

D.Toshowacommunity'ssuperiority.13.Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inParagraph2referto？______A.Thespecifictraditionalfood.

B.Thenationalculture.

C.Atraditionalexpressionoffood.

D.Theold-fashionedtaste.14.Whydosomeimmigrantshavetochangetheoriginaldishesintheirrestaurants？______A.Toattachculturalimportancetotheirdishes.

B.Toannouncethebeginningoftheirlifeonforeignsoil.

C.Tomakethedishespopularamongcustomers.

D.Topresenttheirownfoodcultureinanewway.15.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsdifferentfoodcultures？______A.Negative. B.Balanced. C.Unfair. D.Unchangeable.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Whattodoinafire

Talkingaboutfirescanfrighteningbecausenoonelikestothinkaboutpeoplegettinghurtortheirthingsgettingburned.(1)Solet'sstartfromtalkingaboutescapeplansandescaperoutes.

●(2)Anescapeplancanhelpyougetoutofaburninghouse.Theideaistogetoutsidequicklyandsafely.Smokefromafirecanmakeithardtoseewherethingsare，soit'simportanttolearnandrememberthedifferentwaysoutofyourhome.Howmanyexits（出口）arethere？(3)It'sagoodideatodrawamapoftheescapeplan.It'spossibleonewayoutcouldbeblockedbyfireorsmoke，soyou'llwanttoknowwhereotheronesare.

●Rememberthesafetysteps.

Ifyou'reinaroomwiththedoorclosedwhenthefirebreaksout，youneedtotakemoresteps：Checktoseeifthere'sheatorsmokecominginthecracksaroundthedoor.Ifyouseesmokecomingunderthedoor-don'topenthedoor!(4)Ifthedoorishotorverywarm-don'topenthedoor!Ifyoudon'tseesmoke-andthedoorisnotbot-thenusecracksaroundthedoor.Ifyourfingerstolightlytouchthedoorhandle.Ifthedoorhandleishotorverywarn-don'topenthedoor!

Ifthedoorhandlefeelscool，andyoucan'tseeanysmokearoundthedoor，youcanopenthedoorverycarefully.Whenyouopenthedoor，ifyoufeelheatorsmokepoursintotheroom，quicklyshutthedoor.(5).

A.Geteveryoneout.

B.Knowyourwayout.

C.Ifyoudon'tseesmoke-touchthedoor.

D.Howdoyougettothemfromyourroom？

E.Butwhatiftherewasafirewhereyoulive？

F.Butyoucanfeellessworriedifyouareprepared.

G.Ifthere'snosmokeorheat，gotowardyourescaperouteexit.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）OnmywaybackhomeIwasstoppedattrafficlightsbysomepeoplewhoaskedforhelp.Awoman—inherattempttogive（1）______toanambulance—haddrivenhercaroverstonyobstaclesthatseparatedthebikelinefromthestreet，and，asaresult，hadgottenhercar（2）______.Shecouldn'tmovethecarinany（3）______withoutdamagingit.Acoupleofpeopletriedto（4）______thecarbackbuttheobstaclesweretoohigh.Seeingthattheycouldn'tdomuchaboutit，theyleft.Thewomaninthecartriedtoseeksomeservice，andwastoldthatitwouldtakeabout45minutesforsomeonetogetthere.

Whilewatchingtheotherpeopleleave，IrealizedthewomanwouldbeonherownandIimaginedhow（5）______thatwouldbeifIwereinhershoes.Aftersometalking，she（6）______metositinsidehercar.

Iwasn'tinahurry，soI（7）______myfamilythatIwouldbelaterandthentriedto（8）______thewomanwhoseemedtofeelstressedaboutcausingotherstrouble.Butactuallyitwasn'ttoomuchtroublesincetheycouldstillpass，andalsotherewasn'tanythingshecoulddoaboutit（9）______.Welaughedand（10）______thatallweneededwassometeaforourpicnic.

Finally（11）______cameandhelpedherbackonthestreet.She（12）______meandaskedformyphonenumbersoshecouldreturnthe（13）______，butItoldheritwasokay.Sheseemedtofeelmuch（14）______whenwesaidourgoodbyes.Ibelievethatnothavingtofaceadifficultsituationalonecanmakealotof（15）______.21.

A.sign B.way C.time D.help22.

A.stuck B.broken C.dirty D.abandoned23.

A.sense B.minute C.direction D.line24.

A.lift B.hold C.pull D.drive25.

A.amazing B.pleasant C.uneasy D.incredibly26.

A.forced B.invited C.ordered D.allowed27.

A.consulted B.warned C.advised D.informed28.

A.persuade B.comfort C.frighten D.satisfy29.

A.anyway B.therefore C.still D.somehow30.

A.remembered B.realized C.thought D.joked31.

A.news B.partners C.assistance D.ambulances32.

A.greeted B.thanked C.accepted D.attracted33.

A.car B.company C.favor D.picnic34.

A.nervous B.unwilling C.disappointed D.better35.

A.decision B.fortune C.choice D.difference四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.

Afterfouryearsoflivinghere,Ihaveabetter

(1)

(understand)ofnorthernChina'sfood.

NorthernChina'sheartyfoodis

(2)

(general)moreacceptabletoWesterners.TheycanenjoyBeijingroastduck,beefanddairyfromInnerMongolia,andKoreandishesinthenortheast.NorthernChinaexperiencescoldanddrywinters,andhotsummers,

(3)

(make)caloriesandsaltreplacementmoreimportant.Asaresult,northerndisheshavestrongflavors,comparedwiththesouth

(4)

dishesarelighterinflavor.

WheatisthemaincropofnorthernChina,andyouwillfindavarietyofwheat-flour

(5)

(product).Riceisalsoeateninthenorth,butitiscertainlysecondarytowheat.Dumplingsareverypopularinthenorth,

(6)

(serve)withvinegarfordipping.

Northernerstendtoeatmoremeatanddairyforthepurpose

(7)

fightingagainstthecoldweather.Mostmeatdishes

(8)

(base)onmutton,pork,beef,chicken,andfish.

Therearelessfreshvegetablesavailablebecauseof

(9)

coldweather.Fruitistraditionallylimitedtoafewhardseasonalvarietieslikeapples,soitdoesn'tfeaturemuchinthecuisine,althoughthenorthwestisfamousfor

(10)

(it)driedfruitandwine.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是高二学生李华，暑假期间和朋友去加拿大旅游。请你给你的父母写封信介绍一下你的行程和旅途见闻，让他们不要担心：

（1）感谢父母允许你去旅行；

（2）介绍旅途中经过的城市以及看到的风景；

（3）旅行给你带来快乐的回忆。

注意：

（1）词数：80词左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：温哥华：Vancouver路易斯湖：lakeLouise多伦多：Toronto蒙特利尔：Montreal

DearMumandDad，

____________

Love，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Jonathanhadbeenwanderingonthestreetsforalmostawholedayafterangrilyrunningawayfromhishomeinthemorning.Thinkingofhisquarrelwithhismotherforhisstudy，hestillfeltdepressedandhopeless.

Itwasfreezingandsnowingatduskonsuchawinterday.Andtheskywas.dark.Hewaswalkingdownanemptystreet，wheretherewerenopassers-by，becausepeoplemusthavelockedthemselvesathomeforwarmth.Jonathanwaswalkingtoacrossroadwhensuddenlyheencounteredalittleboystuckinthemiddleoftheroadalonelikehim.

Jonathanhadmeanttoturnablindeyetohimatfirst.Buttheboy'ssadcryingandtheworrythathemightbehitbycarsmadeJonathanjustnotwalkaway.Heapproached，saying，"Hey!Whatareyoudoingalonehere？Whereisyourmother？"

"Iwanttogotomamaandpapa.Pleasetakemehome，"theboyreplied，burstingintotears.Jonathanledhimawayfromthecrossroad.Then，heaskedworriedly，"Howdidyoucomehere？What'syourname？"

"I'mLeo.Iwasplayingwithmycat.Heranaway，andIranafterhimforalongdistance.ButwhenIturnedbackhome，Ilostmyway，"criedtheboy.Feelingpityfortheboy，Jonathandecidedthathecouldn'tleavethelittleboyalonehere.Withnocellphoneandconsideringthepolicestationwasfarfromhere，Jonathandecidedtohelphimfirst.

Hetookhimtodifferentneighborhoods，aimingtolookforhishome.Butthingsdidn'tgothatsmoothlyashehadexpected.Itwasgettingdarker，andJonathanthoughthehadtofindLeo'shome.Heknockedoneverydoor，noneffective.Exhaustedandstarving，herealizedLeomustbeashungryashim.Heofferedhimthechocolatehehadboughtwithhisrestmoney.Itwassnowingmoreheavily，andheremovedhiscoatandputitaroundLeo.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Suddenly，apolicecarwasdrawing，andJonathanwavedwithexcitementtoit.____

SeeingLeoandhisparentsoff，Jonathanwaslostinthought.__________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、D【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段TheAmolfiniPortrait中的"Jan

van

Eyck's

Arnolfini

Portrait，an

oil

painting

on

wood

produced

in

1434，（扬•凡•艾克的阿诺菲尼肖像，一幅制作于1434年的木头油画，）"第三段TheStarryNight中的"during

his

12-month

stay

at

the

mental

hospital

in

Saint-Remy-de-Provence，France

between

1889

and

1890.（描绘了1889年至1890年间，他在法国普罗旺斯圣雷米精神病院住院的12个月期间，）"第四段TheHarvesters中的"

The

Harvesters

is

an

oil

painting

on

wood

completed

by

Pieter

Bruegel

the

Elder

in

1565.（《收获者》是一幅由PieterBruegeltheElder于1565年完成的关于木头的油画。）"和第五段Guernica中的"Guernica，a

large

oil

painting，was

painted

by

the

Cubist（立体派的）Spanish

painter，Pablo

Picasso

in

1937.（大型油画《格尔尼卡》是西班牙立体主义画家巴勃罗•毕加索在1937年创作的。）"由此可知，TheAmolfiniPortrai是最早创作的画。故选B。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据IheHarvesters中的"

The

Harvesters

is

an

oil

painting

on

wood

completed

by

Pieter

Bruegel

the

Elder

in

1565.It

depicts（描绘）the

harvest

time

which

most

commonly

occurred

within

the

months

of

July

and

August.（《收获者》是一幅木刻油画，由PieterBruegeltheElder于1565年完成。它描述了最常见于7月和8月的收获时间。）"可知，PieterBruegeltheElder画了这幅描绘丰收季节的画。故选C。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据TheStarryNight中的"When

the

Museum

of

Modern

Art

in

New

York

City

purchased

the

painting

from

a

private

collector

in

1941，it

was

not

well

known，but

it

has

since

become

one

of

Vincent

van

Gogh's

most

famous

works.（1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不为人所知，但后来却成了梵高最著名的作品之一。）"可知，TheStarryNigh在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选D。

这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画从扬•凡•艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗•毕加索的杰作。它们都经受住了时间的考验。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】C、B、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段The

animal

seemed

confused

by

the

fishermen

standing

on

the

rocks.So

instead

of

turning

back

and

heading

back

into

the

bushes，it

jumped

right

into

the

water!（这只动物似乎被站在岩石上的渔民弄糊涂了。所以，它没有转身回到灌木丛中，而是直接跳进了水里！）可知这只袋鼠不小心跳进了海里。故选C。

（2）猜测词句题。根据文章第三段Wild

animals

that

are

stressed

can

become

dangerous

to

their

rescuers，and

Lillian

was

aware

of

the

risks

as

she

took

her

rescue

board

and

hit

the

water

at

a

run（受到压力的野生动物可能会对他们的救援人员造成危险，莉莉安意识到了这种风险，她带着救援板跑进水中。）可知划线句子As

with

any

other

animal

rescue，it's

important

to

approach

the

situation

with

.的意思是：与任何其他动物救援一样，谨慎处理情况很重要。因此prudence的意思是"小心，谨慎"。A.Inspiration.鼓励；B.Care.小心；C.Hope.希望；D.Shock.震惊。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段As

people

there

were

cheering

and

clapping，the

kangaroo

was

just

sitting

there

up

in

the

bushes

staring

at

me，as

if

it

was

conveying

something

with

its

shining

eyes，"

Lillian

said.（当那里的人们欢呼和鼓掌时，这只袋鼠只是坐在灌木丛中盯着我，好像它用闪亮的眼睛传达着什么，"莉莲说。）可知袋鼠似乎很感激她的帮助。故选C。

（4）观点态度题。根据文章第三段

"It

just

didn't

want

to

come

on

to

the

beach

because

it

was

kind

of

scared，"

she

said.

"I

was

trying

to

figure

out

how

to

get

it

on

the

board.But

considering

that

it's

a

wild

animal，even

though

I

was

helping，I

wouldn't

want

to

be

hurt

by

it

or

make

it

more

stressed

out."（"它只是不想来到海滩上，因为它有点害怕，"她说。"我试图找出如何让它进入董事会。但考虑到它是野生动物，即使我在帮忙，我也不想被它伤害或让它更加紧张。"）可知Lillian是勇敢谨慎的。A.Far-sighted

and

independent.有远见且独立的；B.Talented

and

positive.有才华又积极向上的；C.Determined

and

ambitious.意志坚定和雄心勃勃的；D.Brave

and

cautious.勇敢又谨慎的。故选D。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lillian勇敢的救了一只落入大海的袋鼠。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】B、D、D、C【解析】（1）（4）：BDDC

（1）．B．细节理解题．第=

二段第二句They

come

to

explore

the

lake's

breathtaking

beauty

and

challenge

themselves

inunpredictable

conditions．

可知来参加马拉松的人们是来这里探索湖泊惊人的美丽，并在不可预知的条件下挑战自己．故选B．

（2）．D．细节理解题．第六段第二句The

finishing

line

is

visible

from

the

start，

but

the

endless

white

offers

no

progressmarkers．可知贝加尔湖冰马拉松与其他马拉松不同之处在于赛跑者从起跑线上就能看到终点．故选B．

（3）．D．细节理解题．最后-段最后一句You

are

alone

on

Baikal．

It

is

your

race．

You

are

alone

with

yourself．

AII

you

need

todo

is

to

defeat

yourself．可知Messina认为这是一个人的比赛．

要和自己独处．所要做的就是打败自己．即他认为孤独是最具有挑战性的部分，故选A．

（4）．C．细节理解题．根据倒数第三段When

you

are

in

such

an

environment，

you

don't

have

cars

around

you，

and

you

don't

have

the

noise

around．

I

think

these

extreme

races

allow

you

to

be

alone

with

nature（当你在这样的环境中，你周围没有汽车，也没有噪音．我认为这些极限赛跑让你与大自然独处．"）可知，为了说明孤独，作者例举了

周围没有汽车，也没有噪音，与大自然独处共三种情况．故选C．

这是一篇说明文．介绍了世界上最孤独的马拉松是在贝加尔湖畔．自2005年以来

，每年3月，来自世界各地的约150人报名参加贝加尔湖冰马拉松．他们来这里探索湖泊惊人的美丽，并在不可预知的条件下挑战自己．跑步者说寒冷的气候吸引了他们．他们想测试自己的极限．

阅读理解是考查语篇理解能力．常考的题型有：推理判断题；主旨大意题；细节理解题；猜测词意题．近几年又出现了两种新的考查方式：写作态度判断题和文章结构题．解题时，在读懂文章的基础上，还有特别注意掌握题型的特征，尤其是细节题和推断题不可混淆：细节题是文章信息的再现；推断题是文章信息的提取．本题是广告类文章，考查主要是以细节题为主，细节题要注意常用的出题陷阱有：夸大，缩小，张冠李戴，偷梁换柱，无中生有等，做题时要看清看准．

12~15.【答案】B、A、C、B【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第二段的"Onalargescale，traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity. （在很大程度上，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分。它也是一种文化身份的表达。）"可知，食物的功能是显示国家身份，故选B。

（2）A.代词指代题。据第2段Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.它也是一种文化身份的表达。可知，it代指"特定的传统食物"，句意为移民们把它带到任何地方，它是他们的文化自豪感的象征，也是应对思乡之情的手段。故选A。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三段的"Therefore，theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers. （因此，他们不得不对原来的菜肴做一些小小的改变，以迎合更广泛的顾客。）"可知，一些移民不得不改变他们餐馆里原有的菜肴，以使这些菜肴在顾客中受欢迎。故选C。

（4）B.观点态度题。根据最后一段的"Weshouldembraceourheritagethroughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportanttorememberthateachdishhasaspecialplaceintheculturetowhichitbelongs ，andisspecialtothosewhoprepareit. （我们应该通过我们文化的食物来拥抱我们的传统，但也应该通过品尝其他文化的食物来更多地了解它们。重要的是要记住，每一道菜在它所属的文化中都有一个特殊的位置，对准备它的人来说也是特别的。）"可知，作者对不同饮食文化的态度是平衡的。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是传统食物和文化之间的关系。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】F、B、D、C、G【解析】（1）F．承上启下题。由空格前的"Talkingaboutfirescanfrightening（谈论火灾会让人害怕）"和空格后的"Solet'sstartfromtalkingaboutescapeplansandescaperoutes.（让我们从逃跑计划和逃跑路线开始。）"可知，本空与上一句构成转折关系，同时，又给出下一句的理由，F选项"Butyoucanfeellessworriedifyouareprepared.（但是如果你准备好了，你就不会那么担心了。）"中的But表转折，且引出下文的讲逃跑计划和逃跑路线，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。

（2）B．标题判断题。空格处是本段小标题，由"soit'simportanttolearnandrememberthedifferentwaysoutofyourhome（所以学习并记住离开家的不同方法是很重要的。）"可知，本段主要在讲"确认逃生出口"，故选Knowyourwayout（知道你的出路）作小标题。故选B。

（3）D．细节理解题。D项"Howdoyougettothemfromyourroom？（你怎么从房间到达门？）"中的them指代上一句中的"exits"，且D项承接上一句"Howmanyexits（出口）arethere？"（有多少门），进一步提醒读者弄清从家到逃生出口的路线，符合文意和实际。故选D。

（4）C．承上启下题。根据上文"Ifyouseesmokecomingunderthedoor—don'topenthedoor!

"（如果你看到有烟从门下冒出来--不要开门!）C项"Ifyoudon'tseesmoke—touchthedoor.（如果你没看到烟，就摸门。）"中的"smoke"和前面的"smoke"相一致，是此处所列的逃生步骤中的一环。因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。

（5）G．细节理解题。上句"Whenyouopenthedoor，ifyoufeelheatorsmokepoursintotheroom，quicklyshutthedoor."（当你打开门，如果你感到热或烟涌入房间，迅速关闭的门。）提到有烟和热气涌入时该怎么做，那么下句应是无烟和热气时该怎么做，故选G项"Ifthere'snosmokeorheat，gotowardyourescaperouteexit.（如果没有烟或热，就往逃生通道出口走）"。故选G。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火灾逃生的几个步骤。

该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是解题的关键。

21~35.【答案】B、A、C、A、C、B、D、B、A、D、C、B、C、D、D【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.sign信号；B.way路；C.time时间；D.help帮助。句意：一位女士试图给一辆救护车让行。givewayto..."让行"，为固定搭配。符合句意。故选B。

（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.stuck卡住；B.broken破碎；C.dirty弄脏；D.abandoned放弃。句意：一名妇女试图让位于一辆救护车，结果她的车开上了将自行车线与街道隔开的石质障碍物，结果，她的车被卡住了。根据下文"Shecouldn'tmovethecar"可推知，因为给救护车让行，这位女士的车卡（stuck）在那里不能动弹。故选A。

（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.sense感觉；B.minute分钟；C.direction方向；D.line线。句意：如果不损坏车的话，车子往哪个方向都不能移动。根据上文可知，这位女士的车卡住了，在不损坏车的情况下，无论往哪个方向（direction）都无法移动。故选C。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.lift举起，抬高；B.hold保持；C.pull拉动；D.drive驾驶。句意：几个人试图把车抬起来，但障碍物太高了。根据上文"Shecouldn'tmovethecar"以及下文"buttheobstaclesweretoohigh"可推知，车子卡在那里，障碍物太高，不能被抬（lift）出来。故选A。

（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amazing惊人的；B.pleasant愉快的；C.uneasy不安的；D.incredible难以置信的。句意：看着其他人离开，我意识到那位女士将会独自一人，我想如果我站在她的立场上，那会是多么的不安。根据上文可知，那位女士的车被卡在障碍物上，其他人又帮不上忙，作者将心比心，觉得在那样的情况下那位女士一定感到不安的（uneasy），与下文"thewomanwhoseemedtofeelstressedaboutcausingothers"这位女士对给别人带来麻烦而感到有压力呼应。故选C。

（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.forced强迫；B.invited邀请；C.ordered命令；D.allowed允许。句意：说完以后，她邀请我坐进她的车里。那位女士应该是邀请（invite）作者坐进她的车里。故选B。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.consulted咨询；B.warned警告；C.advised建议；D.informed通知，告诉。句意：我不着急，所以我告知我的家人，我会晚一点回去。根据语境及下文"Iwouldbelater"可推知，作者是知会（inform）家人一些情况。故选D。

（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.persuade说服；B.comfort安慰；C.frighten恐吓；D.satisfy满足。句意：我不着急，所以我告知我的家人，我会晚一点回去，并试图安慰似乎因为给别人带来麻烦而感到压力的这位女士。根据空后的"thewomanwhoseemedtofeelstressedaboutcausingothers…"可推知，那位女士似乎感到焦虑不安，作者试图宽慰（comfort）她，这与下文"welaughedand…thatallweneededwassometeaforourpicnic"呼应。故选B。

（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.anyway无论如何；B.therefore因此；C.still仍然；D.somehow不知何故。句意：反正也没有她可以做的事。根据上文"Shecouldn'tmovethecarinany…withoutdamagingit"可推知，那位女士对当时那种情况也是无能为力的，她无论做什么都改变不了车子被卡主的事实。故选A。

（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.remembered记住；B.realized意识到；C.thought想；D.joked开玩笑。句意：我们笑着开玩笑说，现在我们要的就是野餐时的一杯茶。根据后文"thatallweneededwassometeaforourpicnic"可知，她们这是一种乐观且开玩笑的语气。故选D。

（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.news消息；B.partner搭档；C.assistance援助；D.ambulances救护车。句意：最终，援救人员到了并帮助她把车子移回了大街上。第一段最后一句"Thewomaninthecartriedto…someservice"提到女士寻求了一些帮助，且根据空后的"helpedherbackonthestreet"可推知，最终是援助（assistance）到了，帮那位女士把车子大移回了大街上。故选C。

（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.greeted欢迎；B.thanked感谢；C.accepted接受；D.attracted吸引。句意：她向我道谢，并且问了我的电话号码，以便回报我对她的帮助。作者去安慰那位受困的女士，那位女士在最终解困后应是感谢（thank）作者。故选B。

（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.car车；B.company公司；C.favor帮助；D.picnic野餐。句意：她向我道谢，并且问了我的电话号码，以便回报我对她的帮助。作者在这位女士等待救援的时候一直陪伴着她，因此她想要作者的电话以回报作者的帮助（favor）。故选C。

（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.nervous紧张的；B.u