2019英语专四试题

2019英语专四试题QUESTIONBOOKLET试卷用后随即销毁。严禁保留、出版或复印。TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2018)

-GRADEFOUR-timeLIMIT:130MIN[10MIN]DICTATION[10MIN]Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.YouwillthenbegivenONEminutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.[20MIN]LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[20MIN]SECTIONATALKInthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatthetaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.2019英语专四试题SECTIONBCONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillheartwoconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesofA,B,CandD,andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.Now,listentotheconversations.ConversationOneQuestions1to5arebasedonConversationOne.A.ManyforeignlanguagesarespokeninBritain.EveryoneinBritaincanspeakaforeignlanguage.TheBritishareunabletospeakaforeignlanguage.TheBritishcansurviveontheirmothertongue.A.Chinese.Polish.Punjabi.Urdu.A.Tohelpimproveinternationaltrade.Toallowaspeakertoholdasimpletalk.Toimprovetheeducationsystem.Toencouragelearninganotherlanguage.A.Itgivesyouself-satisfaction.Itmakesyoumoreconfident.Itgivesyouanadvantage.Itmakesyouworkhard.A.Workmates.Schoolmates.Teacherandstudent.Brotherandsister.2019英语专四试题ConversationTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonConversationTwo.A.Adangerousevent.Anunreasonablefear.Asmallprobability.Arisk-assessingability.A.Oneinonemillion.Oneinfourmillion.Oneinfourteenmillion.Oneinfortymillion.A.Futureevents.Catastrophicevents.Small-scaledisasters.Smokinghazards.A.Travelingbyair.Ridingabicycle.Catchingbirdflu.Smokingcigarettes.A.Theygetpleasurefromrisks.Theycancontrolpotentialrisks.Theycanassessdangerfromrisks.Theyhavestrongneedsforrisks.2019英语专四试题PARTLANGUAGEUSAGETherearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefouroptionsmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceoranswersthequestion.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.IIPARTLANGUAGEUSAGETherearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefouroptionsmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceoranswersthequestion.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.II[10MIN]TheBentPyramidoutsideCairoancientEgypt'sfirstattempttobuildasmooth-sidedpyramid.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeenwasbelievedtobeisbelievedtohavebeenisbelievedtobeU.S.Newsrankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytoauniversitycampus.maintainsismaintainingmaintainedhasbeenmaintainingHewasluredintoacrimehewouldnothavecommitted.actuallyaccidentallyotherwiseseldomShewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewofmountainsbehindtheappleorchard.bluehazyVirginiahazyblueVirginiaVirginiahazyblueVirginiabluehazyIlongtoalleviate,butIcannot.theevilevilevilsanevil2019英语专四试题Indeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming.wararewarofwarareofwarAt,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.itsmostbasicitsbasicthemostbasicthebasicShehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase“onlytolearn”isused.toexpressanintendedpurposetoindicateahighdegreeofpossibilitytorevealanundesirableconsequencetodramatizeastatedfactWhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?Iwonderwhat,sbehindthischangeofplan.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.Imgettingterriblybehind.IsupposeI’mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses.ahypothesisasuggestionacontradictionasurpriseWhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.justicetestimonytrial2019英语专四试题verdict,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.QuestionablyArguablyContentiouslyDebatablyPriceshaverecentlyriseninordertotheincreasedcostofrawmaterials.cutbuoyofferoffsetThecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasnoofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce.”A.recommendationrecordingrecollectionrecognitionWhatactuallyagoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsideredbeautiful.consistsconstitutescomposesconstructsTheschoolisgoingthemiletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.finalfurthersupplementaryextraTheteachers,unionalawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.firedfiled2019英语专四试题finedfilledLastMarchtheofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.debrisruinsremainswreckShe'swornhisdesignsonoccasionsfromredcarpetstomoviepremieres.countlesscountablenumericalnumeralAleadingintelligenceandoperationscompanyhasreleaseditsanalysisofworldwidereportedincidentsofpiracyandcrimeagainstmariners.oceangoingoceanicmarinemaritime 2019英语专四试题 CLOZE [10MIN]Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEETTWO.A.accompaniesB.automaticallyC.coupleD.goesE.indebtednessF.kindG.mannerH.mercifullyI.oneJ.obeyK.renownedL.subscribeM.unknownN.virtueO.widespreadAfewyearsago,auniversityprofessortriedalittleexperiment.HesentChristmascardstoasampleofperfectstrangers.Althoughheexpectedsomereaction,theresponsehereceivedwasamazing-holidaycardsaddressedtohimcamepouringbackfromthepeoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim.Thegreatmajorityofthosewhoreturnedacardneverinquiredintotheidentityofthe(31)professor.Theyreceivedhisholidaygreetingcard,andthey(32)sentoneinreturn.Thisstudyshowstheactionofoneofthemostpowerfulofweaponsofinfluencearoundus-theruleofreciprocation.Therulesaysthatweshouldtrytorepay,in(33),whatanotherpersonhasprovidedus.Ifawomandoesusafavor,weshoulddoher(34)inreturn;ifamansendsusabirthdaypresent,weshouldrememberhisbirthdaywithagiftofourown;ifa(35)invitesustoaparty,weshouldbesuretoinvitethemtooneofours.By(36)ofthereciprocityrule,then,weareobligedtothefuturerepaymentoffavors,gifts,invitations,andthelike.Sotypicalisitfor(37)tocompanythereceiptofsuchthingsthatatermlike“muchobliged”hasbecomeasynonymfor“thankyou,”notonlyintheEnglishlanguagebutinothersaswell.Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleofreciprocationandthesenseofobligationthat(38)withitisitspervasivenessinhumanculture.Itisso(39)thatafterintensivestudy,sociologistscanreportthatthereisnohumansocietythatdoesnot(40)totherule.2019英语专四试题 READINGCOMPREHENSION [35MIN]SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONETheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcolonieswhichwerefreefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priestsandchurched,noblemenandaristocrats.ThehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmericancharacter.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformalaristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.IndividualfreedomisprobablythemostbasicofallAmericanvalues.By“freedom,”Americansmeanthedesireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontroltheirowndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnobleclass,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority.Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:self-reliance.ItmeansthatAmericansbelievethattheyshouldstandontheirownfeet,achievingbothfinancialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,usuallybyage18or21.AsecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnitedStatesisthebeliefthateveryonehasanequalchancetoenterachanceandsucceedinthegame.BecausetitlesofnobilitywereforbiddenintheConstitution,noformalclasssystemdevelopedintheUS.Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisequalityofopportunity:competition.Ifmuchoflifeisseenasarace,thenapersonmustruntheraceinordertosucceed;apersonmustcompetewithothers.ThepressuresofcompetitioninthelifeofanAmericanbegininchildhoodandcontinueuntilretirementfromwork.Infact,anygroupofpeoplewhodoesnocompetesuccessfullydoesnotfitintothemainstreamofAmericanlifeaswellasthosewhodo.AthirdreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallycometotheUnitedStatesistohaveabetterlife.Becauseofitsabundantnaturalresources,theUnitedStatesappearedtobea“landofplenty”wheremillionscouldcometoseektheirfortunes.Thephrase“goingfromragstoriches”becameasloganfortheAmericandream.Manypeopledidachievematerialsuccess.MaterialwealthbecameavaluetotheAmericanpeople,anditalsobecameanacceptedmeasureofsocialstatus.Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:hardwork.HardworkhasbeenbothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseenasevidenceofpeople’sabilities.BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidencyin1964,saidthatmostpoorpeoplearepoorbecausetheydeservetobe.Most2019英语专四试题Americanswouldfindthisaharshstatement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.Rather,theyshouldbethoughtofasthemes,aswecontinuetoexploremorefacetsoftheAmericancharacterandhowitaffectslifeintheUnitedStates.Para.4seemstosuggestthat.AmericansarebornwithasenseofcompetitionthepressureofcompetitionbeginswhenonestartsworksuccessfulcompetitionisessentialinAmericansocietycompetitionresultsinequalityofopportunitiesWhichofthefollowingmethodsdoestheauthormainlyuseinexplainingAmericanvalues?A.Comparison.Causeandeffect.Definition.Processanalysis.PASSAGETWOTheNobelsaretheoriginals,ofcourse.AlfredNobel,themanwhoinventeddeadlyexplosives,decidedtotryanddosomethinggoodwithallthemoneyheearned,andgaveprizestopeoplewhomadeprogressinliterature,science,economicsand-perhapsmostimportantly-peace.NotallawardsareasnobleastheNobels.Eventhoughmostcountrieshaveasystemforrecognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedonesomethinggoodintheircountries,therearenowhundredsofawardsandawardsceremoniesforallkindsofthings.TheOscarsareprobablythemostfamous,atimeforthe(mostly)Americanfilmindustrytotellitselfhowgooditis,anannualopportunityforbigstarstogiveeachotherawardsandmaketearfulspeeches.AswellasthattherearealsotheGoldenGlobes,apparentlyforthesamething.Butit,snotonlyfilms-nowtherearealsoGrammies,Brits,theMercuryPrizeandtheMTVandQawardsformusic.InBritain,awriterwhowinstheBookerprizecanexpecttoseetheirdifficult,literarynovelhitthebestsellerlistsandcompetewith“TheDaVinciCode”forpopularity.TheTurnerPrizeisanawardforaBritishcontemporaryartist-eachyearitcausescontroversybyapparentlygivinglotsofmoneytoartistswhodothingslikedisplayingtheirbeds,putanimalsinglasscasesor-thisyear-buildagardenshed.Awardsdon,tonlyexistforthearts.TherearenowawardsforSportsPersonalityoftheYear,forEuropeanFootballeroftheyearandWorldFootballeroftheYear.Thisseemsverystrange-sometimesawardscanbegoodtogiverecognitiontopeoplewhodeserveit,ortohelppeoplewhodon,tmakealotofmoneycarryontheirworkwithoutworryingaboutfinances,butprofessionalsoccerplayersthesedayscertainlyaren,tshortofcash!Manysmalltownsandcommunitiesallovertheworldalsohavetheirownawardsceremonies,forlocalwritersorartists,orjustforpeoplewhohavegraduatedfromhighschoolorgotauniversitydegree.EventheBritishCouncilhasitsownawardsfor“Innovationin102019英语专四试题 EnglishLanguageTeaching”.Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.Itwouldbepossibletosay,however,thatinthepast,scientistsandartistscouldwin“patronage”fromrichpeople-akingoralordwouldgivetheartistorscientistmoneytohavethempainttheirpalacesorhelpthemdevelopnewwaysofmakingmoney.Withthechangeinsocialsystemsacrosstheworld,thisnolongerhappens.Scientificresearchisnoweitherfundedbythegovernmentorbyprivatecompanies.Perhapsawardsceremoniesarejustthemostrecentfaceofthisprocess.However,thereismoretoitthanthat.WhenafilmwinsanOscar,manymorepeoplewillgoandseeit,orbuytheDVD.WhenawriterwinstheNobelprize,manymorepeoplebuytheirbooks.WhenagroupwinstheMTVawards,theceremonyisseenbyhundredsofthousandsofpeopleacrosstheworld.Theresult?Thegroupsellsslotsmorerecords.Mostawardsceremoniesarenowsponsoredbybigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefits-butalsothesponsors.TheMTVawards,forexample,aregreatforpublicizingnotonlymusic,butalsoMTVitself!Onthesurface,itseemstobea“win-win”situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyouaquestion-howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementistakingplace?Whatistheauthor’stonewhenhementionsawardssuchastheOscars,theGoldenGlobesandGrammies(Paras,3&4)?Amused.Appreciative.Sarcastic.Serious.AccordingtoPara.4,whatwouldhappentoawardwinningwriters?Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreadership.Theywouldturntopopularnovelwriting.Theywouldcontinuenon-fictionwriting.Theywouldtrycontroversialformsofart.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupPara.6?Awardsceremoniesareheldforlocalpeople.Awardsceremoniesareheldonimportantoccasions.Awardsceremoniesareheldincertainprofessions.Awardsceremoniesareheldofallsortsofreasons.AccordingtoPara.8,onedifferencebetweenscientistsandartistsinthepastandthoseatpresentliesin.natureofworkpersonalcontactsourceoffunding112019英语专四试题socialstatusItcanbeconcludedfromPara.12thattheauthorthinksmotemarketratherthanachievementsdogoodtobothmarketandpopularityhelpthosewhoarereallytalentedareeffectiveinmakingpeoplepopularPASSAGETHREEKnowingthatMrs.Mallardwassufferingfromahearttrouble,greatcarewastakentobreaktoherasgentlyaspossiblethenewsofherhusband,sdeath.ItwashersisterJosephinewhotoldher,inbrokensentence.Herhusband,sfriendRichardswasthere,too,nearher.Itwashewhohadbeeninthenewspaperofficewhennewsoftherailroaddisasterwasreceived,withBrentlyMallard,snameleadingthelistof“killed.”Hehadonlytakenthetimetoassurehimselfofitstruthbyasecondtelegram.Sheweptatonce,inhersister,sarms.Whenthestormofgriefhadspentitselfshewentawaytoherroomalone.Shewouldhavenoonefollowher.Therestood,facingtheopenwindow,acomfortablearmchair.Intothisshesank,presseddownbyaphysicalexhaustionthathauntedherbodyandseemedtoreachintohersoul.Shecouldseeintheopensquarebeforeherhousethetopsoftrees.Thedeliciousbreathofrainwasintheair.Inthestreetbelowapeddlerwascryinghiswares.Thenotesofadistantsongwhichsomeonewassingingreachedherfaintly,andcountlesssparrowsweretwitteringintheeaves.Therewerepatchesofblueskyshowinghereandtherethroughthecloudsthathadmetandpiledoneabovetheotherinthewestfacingherwindow.Shesatwithherheadthrownbackuponthecushionofthechair,quitemotionless,exceptwhenasobcameupintoherthroatandshookher,asachildwhohascrieditselftosleepcontinuestosobinitsdreams.Shewasyoung,withafair,calmface,whoselinesbespokerepressionandevenacertainstrength.Butnowtherewasadullstareinhereyes,whosegazewasfixedoutthereononeofthosepatchesofbluesky.Itwasnotaglanceofreflection,butratherindicatedasuspensionofintelligentthought.Therewassomethingcomingtoherandshewaswaitingforit,fearfully.Whatwasit?Shedidnotknow;itwastoosubtleandelusivetoname.Butshefeltit,creepingoutofthesky,reachingtowardherthroughthesounds,thescents,thecolorthatfilledtheair.Nowherbosomroseandfelltumultuously.Shewasbeginningtorecognizethisthingthatwasapproachingtopossessher,andshewasstrivingtobeatitbackwithherwill一aspowerlessashertwowhiteslenderhandswouldhavebeen.Whensheabandonedherselfalittlewhisperedwordescapedherslightlypartedlips.Shesaiditoverandoverunderherbreath:“free,free,free!”Thevacantstareandthelookofterrorthathadfolloweditwentfromhereyes.Theystayedkeenandbright.Herpulsesbeatfast,andthecoursingbloodwarmedandrelaxedeveryinchofherbody.Sheknewthatshewouldweepagainwhenshesawthekind,tenderhandsfoldedindeath;theface,fixedandgrayanddead.Butshesawbeyondthatbittermomentalong122019英语专四试题processionofyearstocomethatwouldbelongtoherabsolutely.Andsheopenedandspreadherarmsouttotheminwelcome.Therewouldbenoonetoliveforduringthosecomingyears;shewouldliveforherself.Therewouldbenopowerfulwillbendinghersinthatblindpersistencewithwhichmenandwomenbelievetheyhavearighttoimposeaprivatewilluponafellow-creature.Andyetshehadlovedhim-sometimes.Oftenshehadnot.Whatdiditmatter!Whatcouldlove,theunsolvedmystery,countforinfaceofthispossessionofself-assertionwhichshesuddenlyrecognizedasthestrongestimpulseofherbeing!“Free!Bodyandsoulfree!”shekeptwhispering.Josephinewaskneelingbeforethecloseddoorwithherlipstothekeyhole,imploringforadmission.“Louise,openthedoor!Ibeg;openthedoor-youwillmakeyourselfill.Whatareyoudoing,Louise?Forheaven,ssakeopenthedoor.”“Goaway.Iamnotmakingmyselfill.”No;shewasdrinkinginaveryelixir(长生不老药)oflifethroughthatopenwindow.Herfancywasrunningriotalongthosedaysaheadofher.Springdays,andsummerdays,andallsortsofdaysthatwouldbeherown.Shebreathedaquickprayerthatlifemightbelong.Itwasonlyyesterdayshehadthoughtwithashudderthatlifemightbelong.Shearoseatlengthandopenedthedoor.Therewasafeverishtriumphinhereyes,andshecarriedherselfunwittinglylikeagoddessofVictory.Sheclaspedhersister,swaist,andtogethertheydescendedthestairs.Richardsstoodwaitingforthematthebottom.Someonewasopeningthefrontdoorwithalatchkey.ItwasBrentlyMallardwhoentered,alittletravel-stained,composedlycarryinghisbagandumbrella.Hehadbeenfarfromthesceneoftheaccident,anddidnotevenknowtherehadbeenone.HestoodamazedatJosephine,spiercingcry;atRichards,quickmotiontoscreenhimfromtheviewofhiswife.ButRichardswastoolate.Whenthedoctorscametheysaidshehaddiedofheartdisease-ofthejoythatkills.HowdidMrsMallardgetthenewsofherhusband'sdeath?Herhusband'sfriendtoldher.Shehadreaditfromthepaper.HersisterJosephinetoldher.Herdoctorbrokethenewstoher.WhenMrsMallardwasaloneinherroom,she.satinanarmchairallthetimesatwithherbackfacingthewindowsatandthenwalkedaroundforawhilesatinachairandcriedallthetimeHowdidshefeelaboutherlovetowardsherhusband?Shehatedherhusband.Shewasindifferentnow.132019英语专四试题Shefoundithardtodescribe.Shehadlovedhimallalong.SECTIONBSHORTANSWERQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearefiveshortanswerquestionsbasedonthepassagesinSectionA.AnswerthequestionswithNOMORETHANTENWORDSinthespaceprovidedonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONEOfallthevaluesmentionedinthepassage,whichoneisregardedasthemostfundamental?PASSAGETWOWhatcanbeinferredfromthesentence“Notallawardsareasnobleasth