2020届上海虹口区高三英语一模试卷附答案

2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）虹口区2019学年第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试

高三英语试卷2019.12□.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.InnovationsthatwillchangetheclassroomAmericanschoolsaregoinghigh-tech.Manysymbolswestillassociatewithclassroomsandlearning,likechalkboards,pens,notebooks-evenclassrooms(21)---arequicklybecomingoutdated.AsthisweekmarksTheHuffingtonPost,s10thanniversary,we,lltakealookatsomeproductsthat(22)(introduce)toclassroominthepastdecadeandhavethepotentialtochangetheeducationallandscapeintheyears(23)(come).RemoteLearningSomeschoolsarecuttingdownonsnowdays,thankstotechnology.Ratherthangivingkidsthedayoff(24)weatherconditionsaretoodangerousforcommuting,theseschoolsareaskingstudentstofollowclassroomlessonsonline.Althoughkids(25)(hope)forasnowdaymaynotparticularlyappreciatetheseadvancementsindigitallearning,onlinelessonsallowthesekidstocompletetheircourseworkandstillinteractwithpeers.Somestudentswithmedicalconditions(26)“go”toschoolviavideoconferencingorevenwiththehelpofrobotsenabledwithvideochatthattheycancontrolremotely.eBooksDiscoveryEducationhasbeenreplacingtraditionaltextbookswithoriginal“techbooks”forsixyears.These“techbooks”canalsobeswitchedtoSpanishorFrench,Kinneysaid,(27)allowssomeparentswhodon,tspeakEnglishtohelptheirkidswiththeirhomework.EducationalGames2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）In-classgamingoptionshaveevolvedtoincludemoreeducationaloptions.GlassLabcreateseducationalgamesthatarenowbeingusedinmorethan6,000classroomsacrossthecountry.Teachersgetreal-timeupdatesonstudents,progressaswellassuggestionson(28)subjectstheyneedtospendmoretimeperfecting.TheInternetandotherdigitaltoolshavesomedrawbacks.They,reoftendistracting,(29)mostdevelopmentshaveexcitingimplicationsforthefuture.Overthelast10years,technologicalinnovationshavemadeeducationmoreinteractive,immediateand(30)(personalize),--andhaveshownusthepotentialformoreaccessibleandeffectiveclassrooms.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.pleasurableB.alterationC.likelihoodD.fortunatelyE.thickeningF.immediateG.physicallyH.temporaryI.shortnessJ.normalizeK.weakenedHowdoCigarettesAffecttheBody?Cigarettesaren,tgoodforus.Buthowexactlydocigarettesharmus?Let,slookatwhathappensastheiringredientsmaketheirwaythroughourbodies,andhowwebenefit(31)whenwefinallygiveupsmoking.Insidetheairwaysandlungs,smokeincreasesthe(32)ofinfectionsaswellaslong-lastingdiseases.Itdoesthisbydamagingthetinyhair-liketissueswhichkeeptheairwaysclean.That,soneofthereasonssmokingcanleadtooxygenlossand(33)ofbreath.Withinabout10seconds,thebloodstreamcarriesastimulantcallednicotinetothebrain,creatingthe(34)sensationswhichmakesmokinghighlyaddictive.Nicotineandotherchemicalsfromthecigarette,atthesametime,causetightnessofbloodtubes,restrictingbloodflow.Theseeffectsonbloodtubesleadto(35)ofbloodtubewalls,increasingthepossibilityofheartattacksandstrokes.Manyofthechemicalsinsidecigarettescanactivatedangerous(36)inthebody'sDNAthatmakecancersform.Infact,aboutoneofeverythreecancerdeathsintheUnitedStatesiscausedbysmoking.Andit,snotjustlungcancer.Smokingcancausecancerinmultipletissuesandorgans,aswellasdamagedeyesightand(37)bones.Itmakesitharderforwomentogetpregnant.Andinmen,itcancauselong-termdamagesofbodyfunctions.第2砌期14页2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）Butforthosewhoquitsmoking,there,sahugepositiveupsidewithalmost(38)andlong-lastingphysicalbenefits.Adayafterceasing,heartattackriskbeginstodecreaseasbloodpressureandheartrates(39).Lungsbecomehealthierafteraboutonemonth,withlesscoughing.Aftertenyears,thechancesofdevelopingfatallungcancergodownby50%,probablybecausethebody,sabilitytorepairDNAisonceagainrestored.There,snopointpretendingthisisalleasytoachieve.Quittingcanleadtoanxietyanddepression.Butfortunately,sucheffectsareusually(40).Adviceandsupportgroupsandmoderateintensityexercisealsohelpsmokersstaycigarette-free.That,sgoodnews,sincequittingputsyouandyourbodyonthepathbacktohealth.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Inc.ischeckingoutofChina,sfiercelycompetitivedomestice-commercemarket.ThecompanytoldsellersonThursdaythatitwouldnolonger__41__itsthird-partyonlinemarketplaceorprovidesellerservicesonitsChinesewebsite,.42,domesticcompanieswillnolongerbeabletosellproductstoChineseconsumersonitse-commerceplatform.Thedecisionmarksanendtoalong43byAmerica'se-commercegiantsintheChinesemarket.ThefirmsenteredtheChinesemarketwithgreatattentionintheearly2000s,onlyto44inthefaceofcompetitionfromChina,sfaster-movingInternetgiants.Amazonhasbeenintalksto45itse-commercebusinessforgoodsimportedintoChinawithaChinesecompetitor,NetEaseInc.,sKaola,inastock-for-stocktransaction交易)，accordingtoapersonfamiliarwiththematter.ThatwouldremovetheAmazonnamefrom46e-commerceinChina.Neithercompanywouldconfirmtheprogressordetailsofthose47,norwouldtheysayiftheyarecontinuing.Inawrittenstatement,Amazonsaiditremained48toChinathroughitsglobalstores,Kindlebusinessesandwebservices.AmazonChina,spresidentwouldleavetotakeonanotherrolewithinthecompany,thecompanysaid.TheChinaconsumer-businessteamwillreport49tothecompany,sglobalteam.WhenAmazonfirstenteredChinain2004withthe50of,itwasthelargestonlinesellerforbooks,musicandvideothere.MostChineseconsumerswereusingcash-on-deliveryastheirtoformof51.Today,AmazonChinachieflycaterstocustomerslookingforimported第3现期14页2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）internationalgoodssuchascosmeticsandmilkpowderandisa(n)52playerintheboomingChinesee-commercemarket.AmazonChinacommandedjust6%ofgrossmarketvolumeintheniche(细分的)cross-bordere-commercemarketinthefourthquarterof2018,versusNetEaseKaola,s25%53andthe32%heldbyAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.,sTmallInternationalChineseconsumersarebecomingmorefascinatedwith54brands.In2011,85%ofChineseconsumerssaidtheywouldalwaysbuyaforeignbrandoveradomesticone.By2016,60%ofrespondentssaidtheypreferreddomesticoverforeignbrands.ShaunRein,ChinaMarketresearch,sfounder,saidAmericane-commercegiants55obstaclesinChinabecausetheydidn,tofferedtheproductsoruserexperiencethatconsumerswerelookingfor.41.A.assistB.expandC.operateD.tailor42.A.AsaresultB.BycontrastC.ForexampleD.Inaddition43.A.criticismB.negotiationC.struggleD.resolution44.A.interactB.withdrawC.splitD.survive45.A.associateB.combineC.exchangeD.supply46.A.time-consumingB.long-sufferingC.ever-lastingD.consumer-facing47.A.talksB.businessesC.competitionsD.instructions48.A.relatedB.accustomedC.exposedD.committed49.A.automaticallyB.directlyC.regularlyD.secretly50.A.breakdownB.improvementC.purchaseD.participation51.A.refundB.paymentC.sponsorshipD.trade52.A.complicatedB.criticalC.originalD.insignificant53.A.shareB.budgetC.volumeD.maximum54.A.foreignB.luxuriousC.domesticD.fashionable55.A.dealtwithB.forgotaboutC.gotthroughD.cameacross2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Englishpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)PeopleworrythatdevelopmentsinArtificialIntelligence,orA.I.,willbringaboutapointinhistorywhenA.I.overtakeshumanintelligence,leadingtoanunimaginablerevolutioninhumanaffairs.Ortheywonderwhetherinsteadofourcontrollingartificialintelligence,itwillcontrolus.Thesituationmaynotariseforhundredsofyearstocome,butthisdoesn,tmeanwehavenothingtoworryabout.Onthecontrary,TheA.I.productsthatnowexistareimprovingfasterthanmostpeoplerealizeandpromisetofundamentallytransformourworld,notalwaysforthebetter.Theyareonlytools,notacompetingformofintelligence.Buttheywillreshapewhatworkmeansandhowwealthiscreated.UnliketheIndustrialRevolutionandtheComputerRevolution,theA.I.revolutionisnottakingcertainjobsandreplacingthemwithotherjobs.Instead,itisbelievedtocauseawide-scaleeliminationofjobs--mostlylower-payingjobs,butsomehigher-payingones,too.ThistransformationwillresultinenormousprofitsforthecompaniesthatdevelopA.I.,aswellasforthecompaniesthatadoptit.Wearethusfacingtwodevelopmentsthatdonotsiteasilytogether;enormouswealthconcentratedinrelativelyfewhandsandenormousnumbersofpeopleoutofwork.Whatistobedone?PartoftheanswerwillinvolveeducatingorretrainingpeopleintasksA.I.toolsaren,tgoodat.Artificialintelligenceispoorlysuitedforjobsinvolvingcreativity,planningand“cross-field”thinking.Buttheseskillsaretypicallyrequiredbyhigh-payingjobsthatmaybehardtoretraindisplacedworkerstodo.Morepromisingarelower-payingjobsinvolvingthe“peopleskills”thatA.I.lacks:socialworkers,barmen,doormen--professionsrequiringhumaninteraction.Buthowmanybarmendoesasocietyreallyneed?Thesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemploymentwillinvolve“servicejobsoflove.”ThesearejobsthatA.I.cannotdo,thatsocietyneedsandthatgivepeopleasenseofpurpose.Examplesincludeaccompanyinganolderpersontovisitadoctor,helpingatanorphanageandservingasasponsoratcharityorganization.Thevolunteerservicejobsoftoday,inotherwords,mayturnintotherealjobsofthefuture.Othervolunteerjobsmaybehigher-payingandprofessional,suchascompassionatemedialserviceproviders.Inallcases,peoplewillbeabletochoosetoworkfewerhoursthanthey2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）donow.InwhataspectistheA.I.revolutiondifferentfromtheIndustrialortheComputerrevolution?TheA.I.revolutionwillfinallybecomeonebeyondhuman,scontrol.A.I.isbelievedtoleadtoapointinhistorywhenittakesoverhumanintelligence.Higher-payingjobswilltaketheplaceoflower-payingonesintheA.I.revolution.Itmaybringaboutmassunemploymenttomatterhowmuchemployeesarepaid.Theunderlinedword“promising”inparagraph5isclosestinmeaningto.A.promotional B.demanding C.guaranteed D.potentialWhatdoestheauthorsuggestinthefaceoftheA.I.revolution?Itissensibletoencouragepeopletotakevolunteerjobs.Peopleshouldbeinstructedtodolessdemandingjobs.Theproblemofjoblosscanbesolvedbycreatinglower-payingjobs.Jobsrequiringknowledgeindifferentfieldsaresuitablefordisplacedworkers.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?TheA.I.RevolutionCreatesNewJobOpportunities.ChallengestheA.I.RevolutionBringstoJobMarket.ADouble-edgedSword:theA.I.Revolution.InterrelationshipbetweenA.I.andUnemployment.(B)AdvancedRechargeableDigitalHearingAidTechnologyOnly$229!ThenewAdvancedHearClearHCR3rechargeablehearingandcombinesadvancedtechnologywithalowpricetoprovideyouwithoutstandingvalue.5starReviews!^^^^^OutstandingProduct!“Thisproductisoutstanding.Dadlovesit,mymomlovesit,andIamgrateful!第6顷/期14页2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）Don,tbelievethatyouhavetospendalotofmoneytogetaqualityhearingaid”--GilmoreB.HCR3Features!♦NewAdvancedThirdGenerationAmericanTechnology♦EasyON/OFFButton♦AutomaticNoiseReductionandFeedbackCancellation♦100%MoneyBackGuarantee♦...…EvenBetterInPairs!Yourbrainisdesignedtousebothearsworkingtogether.Infact,studiesshowthatyoumaybeabletohearupto3timesbetterinnoisysituationswhenusingtwohearingaids.Buyapairforthebestresultsandmaximumsavings!Simple.Affordable.RechargeableDigitalHearingAid-ForOnly$229!ThenewHearClearHCR3RechargeableDigitalHearingAidsfeaturesadvancedthirdgenerationdigitaltechnologyatanunbelievablyaffordablePride!TheHCR3ispackedwiththesamekeytechnologiesthatallhighenddigitalhearingaidssharewhileleavingouttheextrabellsandwhistlesthatincreasecostandrequireexpensiveadjustments.Thishelpsyouhearbetter,whilesavingyoulotofmoney.YournewHearClearHCR3hearingaidsworkatafractionofthecostofname-brandhearingaids,andyouwon,thavetokeepchangingthebatteries!YouwilllovethecomfortableandlightweightOpen-fitdesign.TheHCR3ispre-programmedformostmoderatetosignificanthearinglosses,soyouwon,tneedprofessionalappointmentstomakecostlyadjustments.Itisshippeddirectlytoyouandwillhelpyouhearbetterrightoutofthebox!Youcanspendthousandsforanexpensivehearingaid,oryoucanspendjust$249forhearingaidthatisgreatformosthearinglosses(only$229eachwhenyoubuyapair).Wearesosureyouwillloveyourhearingaidsthatweoffera100%MoneyBackGuarantee-RiskFreeifyouarenotsatisfiedforanyreason.HowmuchwillyoupayifyouwanttobuyapairofHCR3hearingaids?A.$229. B.$249 C.$458 D.$498Whichofthefollowingfeaturescanbeaddedtothesection“HCR3Features”?第7现期14页2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）口Built-inprogramsfordifferentlisteningsituations.口Easyaccesstochangingbatteries.口Digitalsoundprocessingchip.口Simpleadjustmentswithoutprofessionalhelp.A.□□ B.□□□ C.□□□ D.□□□Onereasonwhybuyingapairofhearingaidsisrecommendedisthat.theHCR3guarantees100%refundifboughtinpairsitwillsaveconsumersupto$20forapairofhearingaidshumansarepre-programmedtobetterhearwithtwoearspeoplecanheartriplebetterinvarioussituationwithtwohearingaids(C)Forseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensiveandorganizedcampaignintendedtogeneratedistrustinscience,fundedbyregulatedindustriesandlibertarianthinktanks(自由主义智囊团)whoseinterestsandbeliefsarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings,fromthestructureoftheuniversetotherelativityoftimeandspace.Quotingsuccessesisn,twrong,butformanypeopleit,snotpersuasive.Whatistypicallydeclaredtobethescientificmethod--developasupposition,thendesignanexperimenttotestit--isn,twhatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisactivesothatnewmethodsgetinventedandoldonesgetabandoned.Thescientificmethoddoesn,talwayswork.Falsetheoriescanproducetrueresults,soevenifanexperimentworks,itdoesn,tprovethatthetheoryitwasdesignedtotestittrue.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificmethod,thenwhatistheguaranteefortrustinscience?Theansweristhemethodsbywhichthoseclaimsareevaluated.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalongprocessofexaminationbyfellowscientists.Untilthispoint,scientificfeedbackistypicallyfairlyfriendly.Butthenextstepisdifferent:oncethepaperisready,itispresentedtoascientificjournal,wherethingsgetawholelottougher.Editorsdeliberatelysendscientificpaperstopeoplewhoarenotfriendsorcolleaguesoftheauthors,andthejoboftherevieweristofinderrorsorotherinadequacies.Wecallthisprocess“peerreview”becausethereviewersarescientificpeersbuttheyactintheroleofasuperiorwhohasboththeright第8飒期14页2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）andtheobligationtofindfault.Itisonlyafterthereviewersandtheeditoraresatisfiedthatanyproblemshavebeenfixedthatthepaperisacceptedforpublicationandentersthebodyof“science.”Doesthisprocessevergowrong?Ofcourse.Scientistsarehuman.Butifwelookcarefullyathistoricalcaseswheresciencewentwrong,typicallytherewasnoagreementreachedbyall.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldnottrustsciencebecausescientistsare“alwayschangingtheirminds.”Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefarfewerthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocessisthatitexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxical（矛盾的）：thatscienceproducesbothnovelty新颖性）andstability.Newobservations,ideas,interpretationsintroducenovelty:trans-formativequestioningleadstocollectivedecisionsandthestabilityofscientificknowledge.Scientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofnewevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.Distrustinsciencehasbeenfoundbecause.scientists,citingsuccessesisn,tpersuasiveformanypeopletosomeextentmostscientistshavetendedtolaytoomuchemphasisonthesuccessofscienceawide-rangingandorganizedcampaignhasbeenfoundedinsomeindustriesandthinktankssomeone,sbenefitsandbeliefsareendangeredbythefindingsofmodernscienceWhichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthoragreewithaboutascientificmethod?Ascientificmethoddoesn,tnecessarilytakeeffectbecausescienceischanging.Ascientificmethodisnotrightbecauseitisn,twhatscientistsactuallydo.Asuccessfulexperimentcanguaranteethetruthfulnessofaclaimbyascientificmethod.Truetheoriescanproducefalseresultsbecausethescientificmethoddoesn'twork.Whatpurposedoes“peerreview”inevaluatingascientificclaimmainlyserve?Thescientificclaimcanbecompletelyacceptedbythereviewersinthesamefield.Thescientificpeerscandrawrightconclusionsbyfindingitsfaultsorotherinadequacies.Thescientificclaimcanbepublishedandrecognizedastrueinscience.Thescientificpapercanbesuccessfullysubmittedtoascientificjournal.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.Notalltheclaimsaboutthefalsehoodofwell-establishedscienceleadtoitsbeingoverturned第9现期14页2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）ItisinevitablethatsciencesometimesgoeswrongbecauseitappearsparadoxicalThebeautyofscienceliesintheparadoxofbeingbothnovelandstableScienceisnottrustfulbecausescientistsalwayschangetheirminds.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Butlegislation（法律）won,tbanallsituationsinwhichmultitaskingisunwise.Theymultitaskforefficiency,tofightboredomortokeepupwithsocialmedia.Forty-eightstateshavebannedtextingwhiledriving.However,textingwhilebikingseemssoundemandingastobeharmless.Theydamagedrivingequivalentlyasfarasexternaldangersgo.Insteadofmultitasking,theytakemorerestbreaksandgetasocialmediafixduringabreak.IsMultitaskingAlwaysGood?Notonlydosmart-phonesprovideunrestrictedaccesstoinformation,theyprovideperfectopportunitiestomultitask.Anyactivitycanbeaccompaniedbymusic,selfiesorsocialmediaupdates.Ofcourse,somepeoplepickpoortimestotweetortext,andlawmakershavesteepedin.__67__InHonolulu,it,sillegaltotextorevenlookatyourphonewhilecrossingthestreet,andintheNetherlandsthey,vebannedtextingwhilebiking.__68__Youneedtoself-regulate.Understandinghowthebrainmultitasksandwhywefindmultitaskingsoappealingwillhelpyourealizethedangerorpullingoutyourphone.Multitaskingfeelslikedoingtwothingsatthesametime,soitseemsthedangerliesinaskingonementalprocesstodotwounrelatedthings--fortextingdrivers,watchingthescreenandtheroad.Twentystateshaveinstitutedbansondrivingusingahand-heldphonewhilestillallowinghands-freecalls.Yethands-freeorhand-heldmakesnodifference.__69__Therealproblemistheswitchofattentionbetweentheconversationandroad,andthataffectsperformance.Pleasesensethis,andwhenonthephonetheydriveslowerandincreasetheirfollowingdistance,buttheyarefartooconfidentthatthesemeasuresreducerisks.Thisoverconfidence第100页共14页2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷（附答案）extendstootheractivities.A2015surveyshowedthatamajorityofstudentswhousesocialmedia,textorwatchTVwhilestudyingthinkthattheycanstillcomprehendthematerialthey,restudying.Peopledon,tmultitaskmerelybecausetheyseenoharminit;theyseebenefits.70Mostpeoplewillstillchoosetomultitask.Buttheyshould,attheveryleast,befullyawareofhowthatchoiceaffectsthemandthepotentialconsequencesforthemselvesandothers.Theyneedtopayattentiontohowmuch--orhowlittle--theyarepayingattention.□.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71. TheZeigarnikEffectHaveyoueverfoundyourselfthinkingaboutapartiallyfinishedprojectforschoolorworkwhenyouweretryingtofocusonotherthings?OrperhapsyouwonderedwhatwouldhappennextinyourfavoriteTVshoworfilmseries.Ifyouhave,you,veexperiencedtheZeigarnikeffect.Youtendtorememberunfinishedtasksbetterthanfinishedtasks.KnowledgeoftheZeigarnikeffectcanbeputintouseineverydaylife.Theeffectisespeciallywellsuitedforhelpingovercomeprocrastinationordelayinganactiontoalatertime.Weoftenputoffbigtasksthatseemoverwhelming.However,theZeigarnikeffectsuggeststhatthekeytoovercomingprocrastinationistojustgetstarted.Thefirststepcouldbesomethingsmallandseeminglyinsignificant.Infact,it,sprobablybestifit,ssomethingfairlyeasy.TheZeigarnikeffectcanbeusefulforstudentswhoarestudyingforanexam.Theeffecttellsusthatbreakingupstudyperiodscanactuallyimproverecall.Soinsteadofcrammingforanexamallinonesitting,breaksshouldbescheduledinwhichthestudentfocusesonsomethingelse.Thiswillcauseintrusive(侵入的)thoughts,enablingstudentstorehearseandconsolidatetheinformationthatmustberemembered,leadingtobetterrecallwhentheytaketheexam.TheZeigarnikeffectalsopointstoreasonswhypeoplemayexperiencementalhealthproblems.Ifanindividualleavesimportanttasksincomplete,theintrusivethoughtsthatresul