中考情态动词-教师版

中考情态动词-教师版PAGE情态动词用法第4页共24页情态动词*情态动词也可称为"情态助动词(ModalAuxiliaries)"，因为它和基本助动词(do,have)都属于助动词类。*情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。*情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。*情态动词没有人称和数的变化。*常用的情态动词有：can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would这九大情态动词；其他的还有oughtto,need,dare等。一、情态动词的变化：(情态动词could，动词work)

1.1简单型(Simple)：表示现在或将来的状态Icouldwork(动词不可加to)youcouldworkhecouldworkshecouldworkitcouldworkwecouldworktheycouldwork1.2完成式型(Perfect)：表示过去的状态(动词是have+v-ed过去分词。)Icouldhaveworkedyoucouldhaveworkedhecouldhaveworkedshecouldhaveworkeditcouldhaveworkedwecouldhaveworkedtheycouldhaveworked3.Theyshouldhaveworke D.(主语they,情态动词should,动词haveworked)Shouldtheyhaveworked?4.Icouldhavebeenworking.(主语I,情态动词could,动词havebeenworking)CouldIhavebeenworking?三、情态动词的否定句：在情态动词的后面加上not就成了情太动词否定句。1.Shecanwork.Shecannotwork.(注意：can和not须连在一起）(这就是否定句)2.Hewouldbeworking. Hewouldnotbeworking.(wouldnot)3.Theyshouldhaveworke D. Theyshouldnothaveworke D.(shouldnot)4.Icouldhavebeenworking. Icouldnothavebeenworking.(couldnot)四、在口语中，否定情态动词的缩写法：1.cannotcan't2.couldnotcouldn't3.mightnotmightn't(很少用)4.mustnotmustn't5.shallnotshan't(几乎没人用了)6.shouldnotshouldn't7.willnotwon't(可不是win't喔！)8.wouldnotwouldn't五、情态动词的否定疑问句：将否定情态动词移到主语的前面，就成了否定疑问句。1.Canshenotwork? 或Can'tshework?(看出有什么不同吗？小心看看喔)2.Wouldhenotbeworking? 或Wouldn'thebeworking?3.Shouldtheynothaveworked? 或Shouldn'ttheyhaveworked?4.CouldInothavebeenworking? 或Couldn'tIhavebeenworking?六、情态动词的反问句：1.Shecanwork. 反问句：Shecanwork,can'tshe?2.Hewouldbeworking. 反问句：Hewouldbeworking,wouldn'the?3.Theyshouldhaveworke D. 反问句：Theyshouldhaveworked,shouldn'tthey?4.Icouldhavebeenworking. 反问句：Icouldhavebeenworking,couldn'tI?谈谈情态动词(ModalVerbs)(二)上回在谈到情态动词的变化中，只举了以情态动词could为例子的变化。其他的情态动词(would,should,might...)都可依此类推。七、九大情态动词的时态关系：1.现在式can--过去式could2.现在式may--过去式might3.现在式shall--过去式should4.现在式will--过去式would5.现在式must--过去式must(其实must和ought都是没有时态的)八、情态动词的用法：表示"可能"或"预测"

(Can,Could,Will,Would,Shall,Should,Must,Oughtto)8.1can和could用于表示"可能"或"预测"：1.Hecan'tbeathome.(否定句）他不可能在家。2.Canthenewsbetrue?(将情态动词can置于主语thenews前就成疑问句)这消息可能是真的吗?3.Anybodycanmakemistake.(只表示理论上的可能性)任何人都可能犯错误。4.Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldnotbetrue.(表示过去的可能性)那时我们认为所说的故事不可能是真的。5.Anaccidentcanhappenifyoudothis.(表示事情肯定会发生)如果你这样做，可能会发生意外。8.2may和might用于表示"事实上的可能性"或"预测"：1.Itmayraintomorrow.(表示可能会发生)明天可能会下雨。2.Itmaysnowlaterthisafternoon.(表示预测)今天下午可能会下雪。3.Youmightberight.(表示有可能)你可能是对的。4.Itispossiblehemayhavecalledwhilewewereout.(现在完成式型mayhavecalled)当我们出门后，他有可能会打电话来。5.Sammighthavetakenthemoney,butitseemsunlikely.(过去完成式型mighthavetaken)钱可能会是Sam拿走的，但又不太像。6.Ifyoutooksomeexercise,youmightnotbesofat.(might用于条件句)要是你锻炼锻炼，可能不会这样胖。7.Electricironscouldbedangerous;theymightgiveyouasevereshock.(这里的might表示可能性比may小一些)电熨斗会有危险的，它可能使你受到严重的电击。8.3will和would用于表示"预测"或"习惯性"：1.Ithinkhewillbeallrightnow.(willbe表示一定会)我想他现在一定好了。2.Thatwouldbehismother.(wouldbe表示肯定是)那肯定是他母亲。3.Hewillsittherehourafterhourlookingattheriver.(will表示经常的)他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。4.HewouldcometoseemewhenhewasinLondon.(would表示习惯地)他在伦敦时，常来看望我。8.4shall和should用于表示"必定"：1.Ishallberichoneday.(shallbe)总有一天我发达的。2.ThatshouldbeSamandhismother.(shouldbe)那准是Sam和他的母亲。8.5must用于表示"必定"，"必会"：1.Thismustbegoodforyou.(mustbe肯定)这肯定对你是有益的。2.Allmankindmustdie.(表示必然会发生的事)所有的人一定会死的。3.Mustn'ttherebeamistake?(mustn't多用于疑问句)那肯定会有错误吗？8.6oughtto用于表示"想必会"(语气较must弱)：1.Theyoughttobetherebynow.他们想必已到那儿了。2.Heoughttostopsmoking.他最好不要抽烟了。谈谈情态动词(ModalVerbs)(三)九、情态动词的用法：表示"许可"、"请求"(Can,Could,Will,Would,Shall,Should,May,Might,Must)9.1can和could用于表示"许可"、"请求"：1.CanIgowithyou?(请求)我能跟你一起走吗？2.FathersaidIcouldgotocinema.(表示过去的许可)爸爸说我可以去看电影。3.CouldIaskyousomething?(请求,用could比can更婉转)我可以问你一件事吗？4.Youcancomein.(表示允许，常见于口语)你可以进来。5.Youcannotsmokeinthemeetingroom.(cannot表示"禁止")会议室里不许吸烟。6.Can'tyoudoitnow?(表示反问)你不能现在做吗？9.2will和would用于表示"请求"1.Willyoukindlytellmethewaytothepostoffice?(表示客气请求)请问到邮局怎么走？2.Wouldyougivemeyouraddress?(用would比will表示更客气)请你告诉我你的地址，好吗？9.3shall和should用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见1.Shallwetalk?我们谈谈好吗？2.Whatshouldwedonext?(用should比shall表示更客气)下一步我们该怎么做？3.Shallhecometoseeyou?(用于第三人称疑问句)要不要他来看你？9.4may和might用于表示"许可"(口语中多用can)1.Youmaytakeawalk.(表示给予许可)你可以散散步。2.Youmightreadthestoryforme.(比may更婉转)是否请给我读一读这故事。3.MayImakeasuggestion?我可以提个建议吗？4.MightItakealookofyourwork?我看看您的大作行吗？5.Studentsmaynotmakenoiseinthelibrary.(maynot表示不许可或禁止)学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。6.IfImaysayso,youarenotright.(用于条件句，表示请求)你是不对的，如果我可以这么说的话。9.5must用于表示"禁止"，"不准"：1.Carsmustnotbeparkedhere.(mustnot表示不许可)此地不准停车。2.Allofyoumustn'tfishinginthepool.(mustnot语气方面比maynot更强)你们不准在池里钓鱼。谈谈情态动词(ModalVerbs)(四)十、情态动词的用法：表示“应该”、“必须”（Shall,Should,May,Might,Must,Oughtto)10.1Shall和Should用于表示“必须”：1.Eachmembershallwearanamecar D.(表示规定)每一个会员必须配带名卡。2.Ishouldanswerhisletterassoonaspossible.(表示应该)我应该尽快给他回信。3.Youshouldn'tjudgeamanalwaysbytheclothes.(shouldn't“不应该”含有劝告的意思)你不应该总是以貌取人。4.TherulesshalltakeeffectonJan.1st.(shall用于规章等，表示义务和规定)新规则于一月一日起生效。10.2May和Might用于表示“应该"(多用于法律等条文，一般上多用shall):1.Paymentmaybepaidbycheck.(表示规定)应以支票付款。2.Youmightaskbeforeyouusemycomputer.(might表示应该)你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。10.3Must用于表示“必须”、“务必”：1.Youmustkeeptheplaceclean.(务必)你务必保持地方干净。2.Wemustobeyorders.(表示有义务)我们必须服从命令。3.MustIpaynow?(用于疑问句)(如回答不必时，需用needn't或don'thaveto)我现在就得付款吗？10.4Oughtto用于表示“应该”(强调客观上)：(大多情况可用should代替)1.Yououghttogotoseethedoctor.(oughtto的语气比must弱)你应该去看看医生。2.Yououghtn't(oughtnot)tosmokesomuch.(oughtn't用于否定句)你不应该抽这么多烟。3.Oughtyoutosmokesomuch?(用于疑问句)你应该抽这么多烟吗？不知怎的，总觉得有点意兴阑珊。再见吧。谈谈情态动词(ModalVerbs)(五)十一、情态动词的用法：表示“意图”、“打算”(will,would,shall,should)11.1will和would用于表示某种意图：1.I'llwillcallyouassoonaspossible.(will主要用于第一人称)我会尽快打电话给你。2.Willyouacceptthisinvitation?(用would则表示得客气)你愿意接受这邀请吗？3.Whowilldothejob?(用于条件句，可用于各种人称)谁愿意做这事？4.Wewon't(willnot)stayheretoolong.(willnot表示不愿)我们不愿呆在这里太久。11.2shall和should用于表示说话人的意图：1.Weshan't(shallnot)toifitrains.(shallnot也可用willnot)如果下雨，我们就不打算走了。2.Ishan'tgowithyou.(shall只用在第一人称)我不打算和你一同走。十二、情态动词的用法：表示“意愿”（will,would,shall,should)12.1will和would：1.Shewilldoitifyouaskher.(表示主语的意愿)如果你问她，她会做的。2.Wouldyouhaveanothercupoftea?(用would比will客气)你想再来一杯茶吗？3.Willyouhavesomecookies?(will用于疑问句，表示问人是否愿意)你想吃些烤饼吗？4.Ifhewillhecandoit.(will用于条件句，用于第二、三人称)如果他愿意，他会做的。5.Wouldyouexcuseme?(would表示婉转语气)你能原谅我吗？12.2shall和should：1.Heshallgethisallowance.(注意是heshall,表示说话人的意愿)他会拿到他的津贴的。2.Youshouldsithereaslongasyoulike.只要你乐意，坐多久能行。3.Shallyougotoschoolwithme?(疑问句中，表示问对方的意愿)你愿意和我一起到学校去吗？十三、情态动词的用法：表示“决心”(will,would,shall,would)13.1will和would：1.Iwillstopsmoking.(will表示主语I的决心。不能用I'll)我决心戒烟了。2.Hewillcomewheneveryousay.(will表示主语he一定会做)你什么时候说，他一定会来的。3.Hewouldnotletmetry.他不肯让我去试。4.Ifyouwillgo,youmaygoatonce.(用于条件句，用于第二、三人称)如果你非走不可，你可以马上就走。13.2shall和should:1.Youshallcompleteyourlesson.(shall表示说话人的决心。shall须重读)你应该完成你的课程。2.Nooneshallstopme.(shall重读)任何人也不能阻止我。3.Youshallobeychairman.(shall用于肯定句。shall重读。只能用于第二、三人称)我要你服从主席。情态动词练习1.―What’sthename?―Khulaifi.____________Ispellthatforyou?(北京卷)A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might2.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe____sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.(福建卷)A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mightnot3.I’msureyou’drathershewenttoschoolbybus,_______?(福建卷)A.hadn’tyou B.wouldn’tyou C.aren’tyou D.didn’tshe4.Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandsthey____putforwardareturneddown.(福建卷)A.could B.would C.不填 D.had5.Musthecometosignthispaperhimself?(广东卷)Yes,he.A.need B.must C.may D.will6.fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(湖北卷)A.Wouldyoube B.Shouldyoube C.Couldyoube D.Mightyoube7.Someaspectsofapilot’sjob___beboring,andpilotsoften___workatinconvenienthours.(湖南卷)A.can;haveto B.may;can C.haveto;may D.oughtto;must8.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.Ithetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(江西卷)A.shouldhavetaken B.couldhavetaken C.needn’thavetaken D.mustn’thavetaken9.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you___havecomethismorning.(陕西卷)A.mayn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t10.IsJackondutytoday?It_________behim.It’shisturntomorrow.(四川卷)A.mustn’t B.won’t C.can’t D.needn’t11.Wehaveprovedgreatadventurers,butwehavedonethegreatestmarchevermadeinthepasttenyears.(天津卷)A.needn’t B.maynot C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t12CouldIhaveawordwithyou,mum?(浙江卷)Ohdear,ifyou________.A.can B.must C.may D.should13IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.You_______.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.(江苏卷)A.will B.may C.haveto D.should14.Willyoubeabletofinishyourreporttoday?(全国卷2).___________A.Ilikeit B.Ihopeso C.I’lldoso D.I’dloveit15.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,?(全国卷2)A.doyou B.canwe C.willyou D.shallwe16.Wehopethatasmanypeopleas-possible____joinusforthepicnictomorrow.(全国卷2)A.need B.must C.should D.can17.There’snolightontheybeathome.(全国卷1)A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t18.--MayIsmokehere?(山东卷)--Ifyou____,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.A.should B.could C.may D.must19.How’syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?It________be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.(全国卷1)A.will B.would C.should D.must20.–Tom,youdidn’tcometothepartylastnight?–I____,butIsuddenlyrememberedIhadhomeworktodo.(全国卷II)A.hadto B.didn’t C.wasgoingto D.wouldn’t21.Shelooksveryhappy.She______havepassedtheexam.Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.(江苏卷)A.should B.could C.must D.might22.MyMP4playerisn’tinmybag.WhereIhaveputit?(福建卷)A.can B.must C.should D.would23.—Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.—Youitinthewrongplace.(江西卷)A.mustput B.shouldhaveput C.mightput D.mighthaveput24.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsIhavedrivenherthere.(陕西卷)A.could B.must C.might D.should25.Mycat’sreallyfat.You______havegivenhersomuchfoo D.(浙江卷)A.wouldn’t B.couldn’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t26.Incrowdedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations,you___takecareofyourluggage.(北京卷)A.can B.may C.must D.will27.--Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?--“Noperson________smokeorcarryalightedcigarette，cigarorpipeinthisarea.”(四川卷)A.will B.may C.shall D.must28.Theteacher__havethoughtJohnsonwasworthitorshewouldn'thavewastedtimeonhim,Isuppose.(安徽卷)A.should B.can C.would D.must29.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which______justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.(湖南卷)A.shan’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t30.TurnofftheTV,Jack.____yourhomeworknow?Mum,justtenmoreminutes,please.(辽宁卷)A.Shouldyoubedoing B.Shouldn'tyoubedoingC.Couldn'tyoubedoing D.Willyoubedoing31.Guesswhat!IhavegotAformytermpaper.Great!You______readwidelyandputalotofworkintoit.(上海卷)A.must B.should C.musthave D.shouldhave06年高考情态动词试题解析：1.A考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见2.C考查情态动词的本义，表示通常的能力，couldn’t是最大的干扰项，学生会受前面were所表示虚拟语气句型的影响。3.B考查情态动词wouldrather句型，宾语从句中用过去时，反意问句助动词应与从句中的went保持一致。4.C该句的they____putforward是定语从句，表明过去的事实：“他们提出的要求”因此不用情态动词。5.B考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见，must表示“必须”。6.B考查情态动词的虚拟用法。还原成原来的句型是：Ifyoushouldbefired，该句型中用should或weretobe表示与将来的事实相反。例如：____