2023届北京专家信息卷仿真模拟卷(二)英语试题（全国卷）

北京专家信息卷仿真模拟卷(二)英语本试卷共8页,满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡庄擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3.答主观题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后,将答题卡交回。第I卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在式卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whichroomhasthemanfinisheddecorating?A.Thelivingroom.B.Thebathroom.C.Thekitchen.2.whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Gotothecinema.B.DosomeshoppingC.Getsomethingtoeat.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inabookstore.4.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Writealetter.B.Lookforthepen.C.Helpfixabookshelf.5.WhocanDrPhilipsbe?A.Anewneighbor.B.Astreetcleaner.C.Anoldfriend第二节(共15小题,每小题分,满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whywasthewomanstoppedbythepoliceofficer?A.Shewasspeeding.B.Hercarlightwasbroken.C.Shedidn’twearaseatbelt.7.Whatistheweatherlikenow?AClear.B.Windy.C.Foggy.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Policeofficerandcitizen.B.Husbandandwife.C.Neighbors.9.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Herhousewasonfire.B.Herjewelrywasstolen.C.Shehadafightwithherneighbor.10.Wheredoesthewomanlive?A.OnCliftonStreet.BOnMapleStreet.C.OnWaterfordStreet.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthepurposeofthetennismatch?A.Topromotetennis.B.Toimprovefitness.C.Toraisemoney.12.Howwillthewomanprobablygettothetenniscourts?A.Bycur.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.13.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At8:30am.B.At9:30am.C.At10:30am.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whoisthewomanprobablyaskingforadvice?A.Herneighbor.B.Herclassmate.C.Hertutor.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewesterndiningtraditions?A.StrictB.Complex.C.Casual.16.Whenshouldthewomanarrive?A.Around4:30.B.Around5:00.C.Around5:30.17.Whatisthewomanadvisedtobring?A.Wine.B.Books,C.Food.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whichtypeofskirunisfitforbeginners?A.Green-circle.B.Blue-square.C.Black-diamond.19.WhatdoweknowabouttheWhistlerBlackcombMountainResort?A.Therearenoinstructors.B.Cabinsareinthemiddleoftheforest.C.Visitorscantakecablecarsthere.20.Howcanvisitorsgetthebestprices?A.Bygoingtothesalesdesk.B.Bybookingthroughthewebsite.C.Bycallingthesportscenterdirectly.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AWehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.Pleasereviewallinformationthatyouneedtoprotectyourself.WashyourhandsoftenWashyourhandsfrequentlyandthoroughlyforatleast20secondswithsoapandwater.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,useahandsanitizer(洗手液)thatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,noseandmouthwithunwashedhands.WearamaskCleanyourhandswithaleohol-basedhandsanitizer,orsoapandwater,beforeputtingonamask.Coveryourmouthandnosewithamaskorfacecoveringandmakesuretherearenogapsbetweenyourfaceandthemask.Avoidtouchingthemaskwhileusingit;ifyoudo,cleanyourhands.CoughingandsneezingetiquetteIfyouarenotwearingamask,coveryourmouthornosewithaflexedelboworusedisposabletissueanddiscardimmediatelyafteruse.Cleanhandswithalcohol-basedhandsanitizerorsoapandwateraftercoughingorsneezing.SocialdistancingMaintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.AvoidtravelingifunwellIfyouhaveafever,cough,difficultybreathing,asorethroatorhaveseenrecentchangesintasteorsmell,medicalprofessionalsrecommendyounottravel.Ifyougetsickduringthetrip,staywhereyouareandfollowtheadviceoflocalofficials.AnticipatetravelneedsBringenoughofyourmedicinetolastyoufortheentiretripandhaveprescriptionpaperworkwithyouiftravelinginternationally.Considerpackingenoughalcoholbasedhandsanitizerandkeepitwithineasyreach;butremembersomeairportsorairlinesmayhavelimitationsonvolumeofliquidsyoucancarry.Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.1.Whatisthetextintendedtohelppeopledo?A.Travelsmarter. B.Travelsafer. C.Travellighter. D.Travelforfree.2.Whatinformationdoestheauthorprovide?A.Carryingasoapatalltimes. B.Coughingwithyourmaskoff.C.Keepingapropersocialdistance. D.Goingbackhomeifyoufeelsick.3.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendcarryingincaseyouneed?A.Alcohol. B.Facecloth. C.Foodanddrinks. D.Medicinepackaging.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助游客考虑旅行时应采取的措施，以降低健康风险。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.(我们有一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助你考虑应该采取的措施，以帮助你在旅行时减少健康风险)”可知，这篇文章想要帮助人们减少健康风险，更安全的旅行。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Socialdistancing下的段落中“Maintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.(你和别人之间保持至少6英尺或2米(大约2个手臂长度)的距离)”可知，作者在文章中提到了保持适当的社交距离。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Anticipatetravelneeds下的段落中“Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.(带上一些食物以防餐馆和商店关门，但要记住一些航空公司可能会限制你携带食物和饮料的能力)”可知，作者建议携带食物和饮料以备不时之需。故选C项。BThrownfromhishorsethreetimesandrepeatedlywetthroughwhilecampinginadownpour,ChrisWalkerwonderedwhethertheMongolDerhywasreallyforhim.ThepropertydeveloperandfarmerfromGloucestershirewas,at55,theoldestofthecompetitorsinthisyear’s1.000kmraceacrossthegrassland.Despitethehardshipsofhiseight-dayjourney,Walkerwasdelightedtofinishthirdintheannualequestrian(马术的)endurancerace.Competitorsracebetweencheckpoints22milesapart,wheretheychangehorses.Theyspendnightsatoneof28stations,setuptheirowncamporenjoythehospitalityoffriendlyMongolianfamilies.Walker,whosegrandfatherNevilleCrumptrainedthreeGrandNationalwinners,wasanhouraheadofhisrivalsastheraceentereditseighthdaybutwasawardedatimepenalty(判罚)becausehishorsehadahighheartrateduringoneoftheregularcheckstoensurethattheanimalswerehealthy.WalkersaidhehadgonetoMongoliato“giveitago”butrealizedthathestoodachanceofwinningafterteamingupwithPatrickHeffron,acompetitorfromIreland.“Thehorsesarequitewild.Igotbuckedoffthreetimes.Ifelloffinahole,”hesaid.“You’regoingalongandsuddenlydisappear.Youhavetohangontoyourhorsefordearlifeoritgoesoff.”Walkerwhohasraisedmorethan£7000forthecharityRidingfortheDisabledAssociation,ownhorsesandhissonisaprofessionalpoloplayer.Heffron,whometWalkerastheywentoutfortherace,finishedthirdequalalongsidehiscompanion.Hesaiditwasimportanttoformateammainlybecausefallingoffalonemeansthatthereisnoonetohelpyouretrieveyourhorse.“Itisalsoabloodylongwaytotalktoyourself,”Heffronsaid.“Neitherofushadpriorambitionswinthisracebutwerealized:“We’reinfront,”SPRpushed.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMongolDerby?A.It’sa22-mileequestrianendurancerace.B.Competitorshavetocampatstations.C.Thereisanagelimittocompetitors.D.Horsesareswitchedatcheckpoints.5.WhatisthemainreasonforWalker’sfallingbehind?A.Atimepenalty. B.Thewildhorse. C.Poorteamwork. D.Hisillhealth.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieve”meaninthetext?A.Tie. B.Feed. C.Mount. D.Bringback7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWalker?A.Enthusiasticbutmoody. B.Proudandstubborn.C.Courageousandambitious. D.Cooperativeandgenerous.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了一位农民在世界上最艰苦的赛马比赛中名列前茅。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文中第四段首句“Competitorsracebetweencheckpoints22milesapart,wheretheychangehorses.”（竞争者们在相隔22英里的检查站之间比赛，在检查站他们会更换马）可知，在这个比赛中，竞争者们在检查站换马，故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文中第五段“Walker,whosegrandfatherNevilleCrumptrainedthreeGrandNationalwinners,wasanhouraheadofhisrivalsastheraceentereditseighthdaybutwasawardedatimepenalty(判罚)becausehishorsehadahighheartrateduringoneoftheregularcheckstoensurethattheanimalswerehealthy.”（Walker的祖父NevilleCrump曾经训练出了三位GrandNational冠军，他本人领先对手一小时，然而随着比赛进入第八天，由于他的马在一次以确保马的健康状态的常规检查中发现心率高，因此他获得了时间判罚。）可知，他落后的原因是获得了时间判罚，故选A项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。由文中第七段““Thehorsesarequitewild.Igotbuckedoffthreetimes.Ifelloffinahole,”hesaid.“You’regoingalongandsuddenlydisappear.Youhavetohangontoyourhorsefordearlifeoritgoesoff.””（“马野性十足。我被弹出去了三次，我掉到了一个洞里”，他说。你走着走着就不见了。你必须要紧紧抓住你的马报名否则它会跑走）可知，在本句“Hesaiditwasimportanttoformateammainlybecausefallingoffalonemeansthatthereisnoonetohelpyouretrieveyourhorse.”（他说形成一个团队是重要的，因为一个人摔下来就意味着没人帮你去你的马），此处指的是，一个人跌倒了，马会跑走，没人帮你取回你的马，故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文中第六段“WalkersaidhehadgonetoMongoliato“giveitago”butrealizedthathestoodachanceofwinningafterteamingupwithPatrickHeffron,acompetitorfromIreland.”（Walker说他去蒙古是为了“试一试”，但他意识到，在与来自爱尔兰的竞争对手帕特里克·赫夫龙（PatrickHeffron）合作后，他有机会获胜）和第八段“Walkerwhohasraisedmorethan£7000forthecharityRidingfortheDisabledAssociation,ownhorsesandhissonisaprofessionalpoloplayer.”（Walker为慈善机构“残疾人骑行协会”筹集了7000多英镑，他拥有马匹，他的儿子是一名职业马球运动员。）可知，Walker是一个有合作精神且慷慨的人，故选D项。CTheCovid-19pandemichasbeenstressfulinsomanywaysandincreasedworkstressstandsoutaswidespreadconsequenceofit.Inastudytitled“Thisjobiskillingme”conductedatNorthernIllinoisUniversityandIndianaaUniversity,theresearchersdiscoveredthattwospecificfactors-havingahigh-stressjobandlowcontroloverone’swork-werecloselyrelatedwithhigherdeathrates.Duringthe20-yearperiod,over3,000AmericansweretrackedatthreeseparatepointsbytheMidlifeintheUnitedStatesSurveyAnalyzingthatdata,thestudyfoundthatthosewithhigh-stress,low-controljobswere43%morelikelytodiethanthoseinlower-riskcategories.Peoplewhosufferedfromdepressionwere130%morelikelytodieearly,accordingtoErikGonzalez-Mulé,whoco-authoredthestudy.Thosewithhighstress,low-autonomyjobswhodiedwerelikelytohavesuffereddepression.GonzalezMulésayshistakeawayisnotthateveryoneshouldquittheirjobsinterror.Rather,healsosays,thosewithinfluenceoveremployees’workexperience-likecompanyheadsandmanagers-shoulddoasmuchaspossibletoincreaseworkers’feelingsofautonomy,especiallyforworkersinhighLoweringstressatworkisn’talwayspossible:Somejobsareinherentlystressful.Butjobsaddingasenseofautonomyissometimespossible.Gonzalez-Mulésaysonesimpleoptionistoallowpeopletodecidewheretowork,whetherthat’sfromhomeorothernon-officeworkspace.Inthatway,theCovid-19pandemicmayhaveactuallymovedthingsforward:Employerswhowereunwillingtotakethestepofallowingflexibleworkingonemployees’termshavehadtoadaptfastand,inmanycaseshaveseenpositiveresults.Thereareotherwaysthatcompaniescanincreaseworkers’autonomytoo,especiallyforthoseforwhomworkingfromhomeisn’tanoption.“Allowingpeopletochoosewhattheywanttodoiskindofahigherorderlevelofautonomy,whereasjustallowingpeopletoprioritizetasksandtacklethingsintheordertheywantiskindofonthelowend,”saysGonzalez-Mule8.WhatdoesGonzalezMuléagreewith?A.Peopleshouldgiveuptheirstressfuljobs.B.Loweringemployees’stressatworkisessential.C.Peopleunderhighpressurearelikelytosufferdepression.D.Employeesshouldbeallowedtomaketheirowndecisions.9.WhatisthepositiveoutcometheCovid-19pandemichasbrought?A.Lightworkload. B.Lessstressfuljobs.C.Increasingautonomy. D.Safeworkingenvironment.10.Whichbelongstothelowerorderlevelofautonomy?A.Doingwhateveronewants. B.Decidingwhattodofirst.C.Choosingtoworkathome. D.Choosingamongseveraljobs.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HaveHighControlOverYourWork B.High-stressJobsCanCauseDeathC.StayAwayFromStressatWork D.WaystoCopewithHighStress【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现两个具体因素——工作压力大和对工作的控制力低——与高死亡率密切相关。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现等情况。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thosewithhighstress,low-autonomyjobswhodiedwerelikelytohavesuffereddepression.(那些工作压力大、自主权低的人很可能患有抑郁症)”可知，GonzalezMulé认同员工应该被允许自己做决定。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Inthatway,theCovid-19pandemicmayhaveactuallymovedthingsforward:Employerswhowereunwillingtotakethestepofallowingflexibleworkingonemployees’termshavehadtoadaptfastand,inmanycaseshaveseenpositiveresults.(从这种角度来看，新冠疫情实际上可能推动了事情的发展：不愿采取措施，允许员工按条件灵活工作的雇主不得不迅速适应，在许多情况下已经看到了积极的结果)”可知，新冠肺炎大流行增加了自主权。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Allowingpeopletochoosewhattheywanttodoiskindofahigherorderlevelofautonomy,whereasjustallowingpeopletoprioritizetasksandtacklethingsintheordertheywantiskindofonthelowend(允许人们选择他们想做的事情是一种更高层次的自主权，而仅仅允许人们按照他们想要的顺序排列任务的优先级和处理事情的顺序是一种低层次的自主权)”可知，决定先做什么属于较低层次的自治。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inastudytitled“Thisjobiskillingme”conductedatNorthernIllinoisUniversityandIndianaaUniversity,theresearchersdiscoveredthattwospecificfactors-havingahigh-stressjobandlowcontroloverone’swork-werecloselyrelatedwithhigherdeathrates.(在北伊利诺伊大学和印第安纳大学进行的一项名为“这份工作要了我的命”的研究中，研究人员发现两个具体因素——工作压力大和对工作的控制力低——与高死亡率密切相关)”可知，B选项“高压力工作可能导致死亡”最符合文章标题。故选B。DReadingdoesn’tcomenaturallytopeople,butmostofushavelearnedhow.Eighty-sixpercentoftheworld’spopulationisliterate(有读写能力的)，andthisratehasbeenincreasingforcenturies.Literacymakesitpossibletonavigateaworldfilledwithbooks,websites,textmessages,roadsignsandmore.Couldagrowingnumberofpeopleparticipateintoday’sworldwithoutreadingorwritingatall?Technologymakesitpossible.Mostofourdevicesnowtalktousandtakespokencommands.Smartcarsaskforadestinationandthengivedirections.Smartvirtualassistantslistenforrequeststoreporttheweather,playasong,setatimer,ordergroceries,andmuchmore.Softwarecanalsoreadtextaloudorturnspeechintotext.Theseinteractionsaren’tperfect-thesoftwarestillmakessillymistakes.Butit’sgettingbetterandbetter.It’spossibletoimagineafutureworldwhereallofourcommunicationwithourdevicesandeachotherisspoken.Butreadingandwritingarepowerfultools.Forone,mostpeoplereadfasterthantheyspeak.Apodcasteroraudiobooknarratorspeaksataround150to160wordsperminute,whileastrongreadercancruisethroughatextat300to400wordsperminute.That’stwiceasfast!Researchhasalsofoundthatpeopleremembermoreinformationandstaymoreinterestedwhentheyreadasopposedtolisten.Learningtoreadalsocreatesnewconnectionsinthebrain.InherbookProustandtheSquid:TheStoryandScienceoftheReadingBrain,MaryanneWolfwritesthatwiththeinventionofreading,humanbeings“rearrangedtheveryorganizationofourbrain,whichinturnexpandedthewayswewereabletothink,whichchangedtheintellectualevolutionofourspecies.”Wouldwereallychoosetogiveupthatprogress?Whatdoyouthink?Doyouhopepeoplekeeponreadingandwriting,orwilltechnologymakeliteracyobsolete(淘汰的)?12.Whatdoesthe2ndparagraphfocuson?ATechnologymakesupforilliteracy. B.Manypeoplehaveproblemswithliteracy.C.Technologyisadouble-edgedsword. D.Technologyischangingfast.13.Comparedtolistening,whatwillapersondowhenreading?A.Gathermoreinformation. B.Rememberlessclearly.C.Showlessinterest. D.Learnmorewords.14.WhydoestheauthormentionMaryanne’sbook?A.Togiveanexampleofabookonreading.B.Toshowtheevolutionofhumanbeings.C.Toprovethatreadingisrelatedwithbrain.D.Toillustratetheneedforreadingandwriting.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Ablogpost.C.Abookreview. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了当今社会科技使人不读不写就能融入社会，但是读写能力仍然是最强大的认知工具。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Couldagrowingnumberofpeopleparticipateintoday’sworldwithoutreadingorwritingatall?Technologymakesitpossible.Mostofourdevicesnowtalktousandtakespokencommands.(越来越多的人不读不写就能融入当今世界吗？科技使之成为可能。现在，我们的大多数设备都能与我们对话，并接受语音指令)”可知，本段主要介绍，由于智能科技设备的识别语音功能，没有读写识字能力的人也有可能融入社会生活。科技弥补了不识字这一缺陷。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Forone,mostpeoplereadfasterthantheyspeak.Apodcasteroraudiobooknarratorspeaksataround150to160wordsperminute,whileastrongreadercancruisethroughatextat300to400wordsperminute.That’stwiceasfast!Researchhasalsofoundthatpeopleremembermoreinformationandstaymoreinterestedwhentheyreadasopposedtolisten.(首先，大多数人读得比说得快。播客或有声书的解说员每分钟大约说150到160个单词，而阅读能力强的人每分钟可以读300到400个单词。这是原来的两倍!研究还发现，与听相比，人们在阅读时能记住更多信息，也更有兴趣)”可知，与听相比，在相等时间内，阅读能获取更多信息。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“InherbookProustandtheSquid:TheStoryandScienceoftheReadingBrain,MaryanneWolfwritesthatwiththeinventionofreading,humanbeings‘rearrangedtheveryorganizationofourbrain,whichinturnexpandedthewayswewereabletothink,whichchangedtheintellectualevolutionofourspecies.’(玛丽安·沃尔夫在她的书《普鲁斯特和乌贼:阅读大脑的故事和科学》中写道，随着阅读的发明，人类“重新安排了我们大脑的组织，这反过来扩展了我们能够思考的方式，从而改变了我们物种的智力进化)”可知，MaryanneWolf认为阅读是和大脑组织有联系的，作者提到她的书也是要证明这一点。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Couldagrowingnumberofpeopleparticipateintoday’sworldwithoutreadingorwritingatall?Technologymakesitpossible.(越来越多的人不读不写就能融入当今世界吗？科技使之成为可能)”和最后一段末“Wouldwereallychoosetogiveupthatprogress?Whatdoyouthink?Doyouhopepeoplekeeponreadingandwriting,orwilltechnologymakeliteracyobsolete?(我们真的会选择放弃这种进步吗？你怎么看？你希望人们继续阅读和写作，还是希望科技使读写能力过时？)”可知，作者在和读者互动，期待答复与评论。由此推测，文章可能出自网络博客的帖子。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetherit’sforapromisingjobinterview,firstdate,orchancemeeting,makingagoodimpressionisimportantinjustabouteverysituation.___16___ArriveEarly.ActorBillyPortersaiditinhisbookUnprorected:AMemoir,“Fifteenminutesearlyisontime,ontimeislate,andlateisunacceptable.”___17___Ifyou’regivingapresentation,arrivingearlygivesyouamomenttotesttheequipmentyou’reusing.Ifyou’reearlytoajobinterview,you’llhavetimetogooveryourelevatorpitchtoyourself,adjustyourtie,ormakesureyourhairisn’toutofplace.Activelylisten.Activelisteningisgivingthespeakeryourundividedattentionandpayingattentiontowhat’ssaidandtheintentionbehindit.___18___Askingtherightquestionsshowsyou’reengaged,butjustdon’tasksomethingthespeakeralreadyanswered.___19___Whenyou’remeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,don’ttrytobesomeoneyou’renot.Ifyoudon’tknowtheanswertosomethingtheyask,don’tfakeit.Theabilitytolearnintoyourweaknessesshowsthatyouareself-aware.However,don’toveremphasizeyourshortcomings,either.Knowyouraudience.___20___Ifyourmeetingisplannedinadvance,youshouldknowplentyaboutthepersonorbusinessyou’remeetingwithbeforearriving.Googlethepeopleyou’llmeet,thecompanyfounders/co-founders,theirhistory,theircompetition,theirmainproducts,andanyotherrelevantinformationbeforeyouwalkintotheroom.A.Beauthentic.B.Doyourresearch.C.Emphasizeyouradvantages.D.Listenforopportunitiestoaskquestionsconcerningthediscussion.E.Therearesomesimplestepstosucceedinthefirstbusinessmeeting.F.Wecanhelpyouputyourbestfootforwardnomatterwhereyouare.G.Arrivinginadvanceforameetinggivesyoualittlemoretimetoensureeverythingisinplace.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了正式面试时的几个建议，可以帮助读者给对方留下好的第一印象。【16题详解】根据上文“Whetherit’sforapromisingjobinterview,firstdate,orchancemeeting,makingagoodimpressionisimportantinjustabouteverysituation.(无论是为了一个有希望的面试，第一次约会或偶然相遇，留下一个好印象在任何情况下都很重要)”可知，已经强调了留下好印象很重要。由此可知，E.Therearesomesimplestepstosucceedinthefirstbusinessmeeting.(在第一次企业面试中成功有一些简单的措施)符合语境，表示接下来要给出具体建议了。故选E项。【17题详解】根据下文“Ifyou’regivingapresentation,arrivingearlygivesyouamomenttotesttheequipmentyou’reusing.Ifyou’reearlytoajobinterview,you’llhavetimetogooveryourelevatorpitchtoyourself,adjustyourtie,ormakesureyourhairisn’toutofplace.(如果你要做演讲，提前到达可以让你有时间测试你正在使用的设备。如果你去面试时早点到了，你就有时间对自己练习一下电梯演讲，调整一下领带，或者确保你的头发没有不合适)”及本段主题句“ArriveEarly.(提前到达)可知，该段落在讲述商务会面时提前到达的好处。由此可知，G.Arrivinginadvanceforameetinggivesyoualittlemoretimetoensureeverythingisinplace.(会面时提前到达可以让你有更多的时间来确保一切都准备就绪)符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】根据上文“Activelylisten.Activelisteningisgivingthespeakeryourundividedattentionandpayingattentiontowhat’ssaidandtheintentionbehindit.(积极倾听。积极倾听是让说话者全神贯注，注意所说的话及其背后的意图)”可知，此处在讲过程中要积极认真地听，由此可知，D.Listenforopportunitiestoaskquestionsconcerningthediscussion.(认真听，寻找机会可以提出一些和讨论话题相关的问题)符合语境，并呼应下一句中的“therightquestions”。故选D项。【19题详解】根据下文“Whenyou’remeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,don’ttrytobesomeoneyou’renot.Ifyoudon’tknowtheanswertosomethingtheyask,don’tfakeit.(当你第一次和某人见面时，不要试图成为另一个人。如果你不知道他们问的问题的答案，不要假装)”可知该段表示，交谈中要展示真实的自己，不要假装或不懂装懂。由此可知，A.Beauthentic.(要真实)符合语境。故选A项。【20题详解】根据下文“Ifyourmeetingisplannedinadvance,youshouldknowplentyaboutthepersonorbusinessyou’remeetingwithbeforearriving.Googlethepeopleyou’llmeet,thecompanyfounders/co-founders,theirhistory,theircompetition,theirmainproducts,andanyotherrelevantinformationbeforeyouwalkintotheroom.(如果你的会面是提前计划好的，你应该在到达之前充分了解你要会面的人或企业。在你走进房间之前，可以在网上搜索一些关于你要见的人，公司创始人/联合创始人，他们的历史，他们的竞争对手，他们的主要产品，以及任何其他相关信息)”可知，本段建议可以借助网络去提前做一些调查，对要见的人获取企业有更多的了解，有备而来。由此可知，B.Doyourresearch.(做一下调查研究)符合语境。故选B项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每题分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The2022-23collegebasketballseasonhasn’tevenstartedyet,butwealreadyhavethephotooftheyear.Ithasnothingtodowithanythingthathappenedonthe___21___,either,butinsteadafather-son___22___caughtinthestandsatKentucky’sintrasquadexhibitiongame.The___23___,whichhasnowgoneviral,showsMichaelMcGuireandhissonsittinginthestandSaturday’sBlueWhiteGamethatwas___24___inEasternKentucky.McGuireisstillwearinghisuniformandheavybootsandhisfaceandarmsare___25___inblackcoaldust.Whilethedadpossiblyjustwantedtogohomeandget___26___.heprioritizedhisyoungson,andgavehimthemost___27___ofgifts:histime.MeGuireonlyhadabout45minutestogettothegamewhenhe___28___workonSaturdayandhedidn’twantto___29___hissonEaston’sfirstbasketballexperience.“Itwaseithergostraightthere,ormisshalfthegametogohomeandtakeashowerand___30___,”hesaid.AKentuckyfan___31___thephotoandposteditonFacebookin___32___thatsomeonefromthecoach’sstaffwouldseeitand___33___thelittleboyanautograph.Theplan___34___betterthanshehopedandtheheadcoachoftheUniversityofKentucky.JohnCaliparisharedthephotoonsocialmediaaexpressed___35___forhishardworkanddedicationtohisson.ForCalipari,thepicturewas___36___movingtohimconsideringhisownfamilyalsocamefromcoalmining.So,thecoachwantedto___37___thestrangerandhisfamilyasVIPstoagame.Thispicturesymbolizeseverysonluckyenoughtohavea(an)___38___fatherdoingtheverybesttheycan.Italso___39___everyblue-collarworkerinAmericaprovidingfortheirfamilythatstill___40___importantmomentsintheirchildren’slives.21.A.court B.scene C.stand D.air22.A.discovery B.moment C.choice D.promise23.A.game B.coach C.university D.photo24.A.taught B.gone C.played D.watched25.A.lost B.buried C.filled D.covered26.A.fixedup B.pickedup C.cleanedup D.packedup27.A.interesting B.rewarding C.enjoyable D.precious28.A.setabout B.returnedto C.wenton D.gotoff29.A.risk B.drop C.miss D.fail30.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing31.A.developed B.worked C.shared D.took32.A.efforts B.hopes C.expectation D.thought33A.pass B.lend C.send D.donate34.A.happened B.selected C.mattered D.changed35.A.admiration B.gratitude C.admission D.apology36.A.hardly B.particularly C.usually D.merely37.A.invite B.beg C.persuade D.allow38.A.considerate B.independent C.hardworking D.determined39.A.signals B.assumes C.confirms D.represents40.A.judges B.permits C.recognizes D.claims【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.D26.C27.D28.D29.C30.C31.D32.B33.C34.B35.A36.B37.A38.C39.D40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2022-23赛季大学篮球赛季上，一个肯塔基球迷拍下了一位脸和手臂上覆盖着黑色的煤尘的父亲和儿子观看比赛的照片。这张照片象征着每一个幸运的儿子都有一个努力工作的父亲，尽他们所能。它也代表了美国的每一个蓝领工人为他们的家庭提供服务，而他们的孩子仍然在他们的生活中占有重要的时刻。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与球场上发生的任何事情都无关，而是在肯塔基大学队内表演赛的看台上被捕捉到的父子瞬间。A.court球场；B.scene场景；C.stand摊位；D.air空气。根据上文“The2022-23collegebasketballseasonhasn’tevenstartedyet,butwealreadyhavethephotooftheyear.(2022-23赛季大学篮球赛季还没有开始，但我们已经有了年度照片)”可知，这里指篮球赛场，故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与球场上发生的任何事情都无关，而是在肯塔基大学队内表演赛的看台上被捕捉到的父子瞬间。A.discovery发现；B.moment时刻；C.choice选择；D.promise承诺。根据后文“caughtinthestandsatKentucky’sintrasquadexhibitiongame”可知，照片记录下了父子时刻。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张照片现在已经疯传，照片上迈克尔·麦圭尔和他的儿子坐在周六在肯塔基州东部举行的蓝白队比赛的看台上。A.game游戏；B.coach教练；C.university大学；D.photo照片。根据上文“The2022-23collegebasketballseasonhasn’tevenstartedyet,butwealreadyhavethephotooftheyear.(2022-23赛季大学篮球赛季还没有开始，但我们已经有了年度照片)”可知，这里指拍摄的到的照片走红。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这张照片现在已经疯传，照片上迈克尔·麦圭尔和他的儿子坐在周六在肯塔基州东部举行的蓝白队比赛的看台上。A.taught教；B.gone离开；C.played玩耍；D.watched观看。根据上文“Saturday’sBlueWhiteGamethatwas”指进行比赛，