2014年广东高考英语试题及答案解析

2014年广东高考英语试题及答案解析

I语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节

完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Thenagain,teenagershave1______feelingabouttheirparents,sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch,themostcommon2______betweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand,parentsgomadover3_______rooms,clothersthrownonthefloorandtheirchildren’srefusaltohelpwiththe4_____.Ontheotherhand,teenagerslosetheirpatiencecontinuallywhenparentsblamethemfor5______thetowelinthebathroom,notcleaningtheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesuppermarket.

Theresearch,conductedbySt.

Psychologistssaythat12______isthemostimportantthinginparent-childrelationships.Parentsshould13_______totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay.Parentsmay14_______theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidybuttheyshouldalsounderstandthattheirroomistheir

own

privatespace.Communicationisatwo-wayprocess.Itonlybylisteningtoand15________eachotherthatprobemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.1.A.natural

B.strong

C.guilty

D.similar2.A.interest

B.argument

C.link

D.knowledge3.A.noisy

B.crowded

C.messy

D.locked4.A.homework

B.housework

C.problem

D.research5.A.washing

B.using

C.dropping

D.replacing6.A.approaches

B.contributions

C.introductions

D.attitudes7.A.complex

B.popular

C.scientific

D.successful8.A.later

B.deliberately

C.seldom

D.thoroughly9.A.behavior

B.taste

C.future

D.nature10.A.failures

B.changes

C.consequences

D.thrills11.A.defend

B.delay

C.repeat

D.reconsider12.A.communication

B.bond

C.friendship

D.trust13.A.reply

B.attend

C.attach

D.talk14.A.hate

B.scold

C.frighten

D.stop15.A.loving

B.observing

C.understanding

D.praising答案及解析：（“可乐”解释）

本文首先指出父母与十几岁的孩子之间存在矛盾冲突及其原因，然后是研究发现的不同父母对此采取的不同方法，有的方法较另一些方法更有效果，最后一段是心理学家对解决冲突的建议。

1.

D由noteasylivingwiththem(theirparents)(孩子觉得与父母生活在一起不易)与difficulttolivewithteenagers(父母觉得与十几岁的孩子生活在一起很难)可知，孩子与父母有“相似的”感受。(逻辑推断)

2.B由前两句，可知父母之间有“矛盾”，再根据regardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks(关于不整洁和日常事情)，对照各选项，只有argument(争吵)适合。(逻辑推断)

3.C由前句的untidiness和后面的clothesthrownonthefloor可知，房间是messy(凌乱不堪的)。(逻辑推断；也可将untidiness与messy看作是近义复现)

4.B由上文提到的收拾房间之类的事，应是housework(家务活)。(上下义复现)

5.C由后面的notcleaninguptheirroomorrefusingtodotheshopping可知，这里应是droppingthetowelinthebathroom，一起为blamethem的原因。(逻辑推断，或词语同现，受责备的应都是负面的意思)

6.A由下句的However,someapproaches提示，可知这里是指“不同的父母对待这些问题有不同的‘方法’”。(原词复现)

7.D从下面的例子可以看出，有的方法比别的方法更能“达到预期的目的(successful)”。下文中的dobetter也有提示作用。(逻辑推断)

8.A指yellattheirchildren(对孩子大声叫喊)之后，意为“但是‘后来’又为他们清扫房间”。(逻辑推断)

9.A改变孩子不爱整洁的“行为(behavior)”。(逻辑推断)

10.C据下文所举的例子“不帮父母去买东西”“在冰箱里就找不到自己最喜欢的饮料”可知，这是让孩子“感受到自己的行为产生的‘后果’”。(逻辑推断)

11.D在有了上述经历之后，他们就会“重新考虑”他们的行动。(逻辑推断)

12.A由下文中的Communicationisatwo-wayprocess可知，此处填communication。事实上，当完成第13空后，就基本上确定此题选A了。(原词复现)

13.D由but可知，要选与lendanearto(=listento倾听)相对的talk。(词语同现；逻辑推断)

14.B由but可知，要选与understand(理解)相对的scold(责骂)。(词语同现；逻辑推断)

15.C此句是强调结构，是对前两句的总结，一句是说要lendanearto(=listento倾听)，一句是说要understand(倾听)，所以总结为“只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母与孩子之间的问题才可得到解决”。(原词复现)

第二节

语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或者括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。

Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid____16____wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.

Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths____17____(early),butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We____18____（tell）thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,____19____fortheweekafter.Ididn’tunderstand____20____thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged____21____

thereservation.What’sworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas____22____（surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon

____23____topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andweweren’tchargedextra.

Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach____24____wewatchedsomepeopleplaymind---eachandeverynote”可知，他不用看音符就能演奏钢琴，故选C。

29.

B推断隐含意义。由第四段最后一句Samuelsaysconfidently,“It’sallaboutsupermemory---IguessIhavethatgift.”可推出。

30.B选择标题题。也属主旨要义题。每段都有Samuel，全文都是说学法津的Samuel有音乐天才。B

Itwasacoldwinterday.AwomandroveuptotheRainbowBridgetollbooth(收费站).“I’mpayingformyself,andforthesixcarsbehindme,”shesaidwithasmile,handingoverseventickets.Oneafteranother,thenextsixdriversarrivingatthetollboothwereinformed,“Someladyupaheadalreadypaidyourfare.”

Itturnedoutthatthewoman,NatalieSmith,hadreadsomethingonafriend’srefrigerator:“Practicerandomkindnessandsenselessactsofbeauty.”Thephraseimpressedhersomuchthatshecopieditdown.

JudyForemanspottedthesamephraseonawarehousewallfarawayfromhome.

Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown.“Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,”shesaid,explainingwhyshe’dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters,“likeamessagefromabove.”Herhusband,Frank,likedthephrasesomuchthatheputitupontheclassroomwallforhisstudents,oneofwhomwasthedaughterofAliceJohnson,alocalnewsreporter.Aliceputitinthenewspaper,admittingthatthoughshelikedit,shedidn’tknowwhereitcamefromorwhatitreallymeant.

Twodayslater,AlicegotacallfromAnneHerbert,awomanlivinginMarin.ItwasinarestaurantthatAnnewrotethephrasedownonapieceofpaper,afterturningitaroundinhermindfordays.

“Here’stheidea,”Annesays.“Anythingyouthinkthereshouldbemoreof,doitrandomly.”Herfantasiesincludepaintingtheclassroomsofshabbyschools,leavinghotmealsonkitchentablesinthepoorpartoftown,andgivingmoneysecretlytoaproudoldlady.Annesays,“Kindnesscanbuildonitselfasmuchasviolencecan.”

Theactsofrandomkindnessspread.Ifyouwereoneofthosedriverswhofoundyourfarepaid,whoknowswhatyoumighthavebeeninspiredtodoforsomeoneelselater.Likeallgreatevents,kindnessbeginsslowly,witheverysingleact.Letitbeyours!31.WhydidNatalieSmithpayforthesixcarsbehindher?

A.Sheknewthecardriverswell.

B.Shewantedtoshowkindness.

C.Shehopedtopleaseothers.

D.Shehadseventickets.32.JudyForemancopieddownthephrasebecauseshe_________.

A.thoughtitwasbeautifullywritten

B.wantedtoknowwhatitreallymeant

C.decidedtowriteitonawarehousewall

D.wantedherhusbandtoputitupintheclassroom33.Whocameupwiththephraseaccordingtothepassage?

A.JudyForeman.

B.NatalieSmith.

C.AliceJohnson.

D.AnneHerbert.34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinthemeaningtotheunderlinedsentenceabove?

A.Kindnessandviolencecanchangetheworld.

B.Kindnessandviolencecanaffectone’sbehavior.

C.Kindnessandviolencecanreproducethemselves.

D.Kindnessandviolencecanshapeone’scharacter.35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstothoseinneed.

B.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytoofferittoothers.

C.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstostrangerstheymeet.

D.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytopayitbacktothegiver.答案及解析：

31.B细节推断题。第一段说NatalieSmith为其后面的六辆车交费，第二段交等了其中的原因，是她看到的“Practicerandomkindnessandsenselessactsofbeauty”这句话给了她深刻印象，由此推断，她是受这句话的启发，“想给他人施恩”，故选B。

32.A细节理解题。由第三段第三句“Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,”shesaid,explainingwhyshe’dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters可知，选A。选项B文中无信息支持，无中生有；选项C“决定将其写在仓库墙上”与文中“看到离家很远的一个仓库墙上看到这句话”意义不同，张冠李戴；虽然文中有她老公将其写在教室的墙上，但并不是她要他写的，更不是她抄写这句话的目的，与事实不符。

33.D细节理解题。本题是问“谁想出这句话来的”，由第四段中的“ItwasinarestaurantthatAnnewrotethephrasedownonapieceofpaper”可知，是AnneHerbert想出这句话来的。可用排除法，NatalieSmith是在朋友的冰霜上看到的，JudyForeman是在仓库的墙上抄下来的，AliceJohnson是从她女儿那得知的，她女儿是因为JudyForeman的老公将此句写在教室的墙上而得知的，故不是这三个人想出来的。

34.C推断句子意义。推断词、短语或句子意思，需结合上下文去理解。本段中先是AnneHerbert解释她想出的那句话意为：你认为(生活中或世界上)应该多一些存在的事，那么你就随意去做这样的事。接说着她想象中的这类事包括“给破旧教室粉墙”“在穷人区的厨房里留下热饭”等善举。那么该段结尾的话“善举和暴力一样可以在它们自己的基础上建立起来”，其真正的含义是什么呢？再看看接下来这一段，特别是第一句“随意的善举是可以传播或蔓延”，可知“善举同暴力一样是可以自我繁衍的”，故选C。

35.B推理判断题。由最后一段的第一和第二句可以推知：受到恩惠的人很可能会施惠于他人，将恩惠传播下去。C

Likemanynewgraduates,IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothat.That’swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.

IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.Iknewitwouldbealotofhardwork,andthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.Inshort,IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.

Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportfortheduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbuja,Nigeria.Where?What?

Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,hearts,andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.

Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage,andreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.36.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?

A.Hisuniversityeducationfocusedonthetheoreticalknowledge.

B.Hisdreamatuniversitywastobecomeavolunteer.

C.Hetookprideinhavingcontributedtotheworld.

D.HefelthonoredtostudyEnglishliterature.37.AccordingtotheParagraph2,itismostlikelythattheauthor

________.

A.discussedhisdecisionwithhisfamily.

B.askedpreviousvolunteersaboutvoluntarywork

C.attendedspecialtrainingtoperformdifficulttasks

D.feltsadabouthavingtoleavehisfamilyandfriends38.Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjob,theauthor

________.

A.participatedinmanydiscussions

B.wentthroughchallengingsurvivaltests

C.wrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntarywork

D.facedstrongcompetitionfromothercandidates39.Onarrivalatthevillage,theauthorwas_________.

A.askedtoleadafarmingteam

B.senttoteachinaschoolhouse

C.receivedwarmlybylocalvillagers

D.arrangedtoliveinaseparatehouse.40.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’sexperiencesinNigeria?

A.Hefoundsomedifficultyadaptingtothelocalculture

B.Hehadlearnedtocommunicateinthelocallanguage.

C.Hehadovercomeallhisweaknessesbeforeheleftforhome.

D.Hewaschosenasthemostrespectableteacherbyhisstudents.答案及解析：

本文作者叙述的是自己申请叫做灯塔计划的志愿者工作的过程和被选作志愿者后去阿布加附近的一个小村庄工作的经历，这段经历让作者学到了许多，改变了人生。

36.A细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical”可知，作者的大学教育注重的是理解知识，选A。

37.A推理判断题。由第二段最后一句Inshort,IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily(总之，我并不是轻易决定申请灯塔计划的，我的家人也一样不是轻易决定的)和第三段首句Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily(然而，最后我赢得了家人的赞同)可以推断出，作者是同家人讨论商量过的。

38.

D推理判断题。由第二段的第二句“Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone”可推知，作者面临了与其他候选人的激烈竞争。选项A“参加了许多讨论”，文中无信息支持，是无中生有，应排除；选项B“经历了富有挑战性的生存测试”，特别是由survival可知，编题者利用了文中的只言片语(survive,test)，编造与文中不符的信息，迷惑考生，应排除；选项C“写了相当多的有关志愿者工作的论文”与文中“sentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication(呈送申请所需要的文书)”不符，应排除。故选D。

39.C细节理解题。由第四段Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,hearts,andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily可知，一到达这个村庄时，他受到村民的热情接待，故选C。文中信息具体，正确选项是对其概括。

40.A推理判断题。由最后一段第一句allthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid(他当初觉得奇怪或不寻常的所有事现在都不再觉得奇怪了)可推断，已适应了，但当初不适应时要适应这些，是有困难的，故选A。D

Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway---bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage.Ascientistwithmanyyears’experience,hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswapmeetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.

Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60,000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn't.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded,hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.

ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld'sbestareasforbeachcombing(海滩搜寻)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere,andasaresult,thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.

Astheresultofhiswork,Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.41.TheunderlinedphraseswapmeetsinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_____.

A.fittingrooms

B.tradingfairs

C.businesstalks

D.groupmeetings42.Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout_______.

A.whatcausedtheshippingaccident

B.whenandwheretheshoeswentmissing

C.whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoes

D.howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident43.HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?

A.Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.

B.Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcomber.

C.Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels.

D.Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary.44.Ebbesmeyerismostfamousfor________.

A.travelingwidelythecoastalcitiesoftheworld

B.makingrecordsforanylostobjectsonthesea

C.runningaglobalcurrentsresearchassociation

D.phoningaboutanydoubtfulobjectsonthesea45.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?

A.Tocallpeople'sattentiontooceanpollution.

B.Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.

C.Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.

D.Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.答案及解析：

本文是说明文，介绍了一种研究洋流的特别方式。

41.B词义猜测题。由前面的somanyshoes和后面的totryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear，特别是sell，可知是建立交易市场，故选B。

42.C细节理解题。由第二段二、三、四句“Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn't.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment”可知，选C。

43.A细节理解题。由第三段第二句Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthem(seriousbeachcombers)andaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded及其后几句可知，选A，“通过海滩清理者收集信息”。

44.D细节理解题。由第四段第一句Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean可知，选D。

45.C写作目的题，也属主旨大意题。文章主题句在第一段，即However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway---bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage，由此可知选C。

第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

首先请阅读某大学提供给学生的项目信息：

A．In-CompanyExperience

Challengingpostsinindustryforgapyearstudents.Useyouracademicandinterpersonalskillstoimproveaproductorserviceprovidedbyatopnamecompany-andgetpaidforit!

B.CampWorld

Workincampsforyoungpeopleinoneormoreofthefivecontinents.Youhelporganizesportsactivitiesandotheroutdoorpursuitsandyoucouldendupwithaqualificationasaninstructor.C.

CommunityCare

Volunteerworkathomeandabroadwiththephysicallyand

mentallyhandicapped,thehomeless,theelderlyandorphans.You’llneedtobecommitted,patientandsensitivetoothers.

D.AcademicStudyYear

SpendawholeyearstudyingataforeignuniversityinEurope,theUSAorevenfurtherafield,withoutthepressureofexams.Accommodationwithlocalfamilies.Grantsavailable.

E.ConservationInternational

ConservationandresearchworkwithteamsofvolunteersonnaturereservesinSouthAmericaandAfrica.Projectsincludemonitoringwildlife,pathbuildingandwaterandsoilconservation.

F.LanguageTeachersAbroad

TeachyourownlanguageorEnglishinalmostanycountryintheworld.Classsizesvaryfromonetoonehundredandresourcescanbebasic,butyourstudentswillwelcomeyouwithopenarms.

46.Igrowupinaverybigfamily.MyparentshaveraisedtwelvekidsandIamtheirfirst-born.Ithasbeenmydutytohelpmymomtakecareofmybrothersandsisters.Tohandlethem,oftenIhavetoorganizeanoutdooractivity,