新概念四册课程精讲kl nce4全册

Lesson36Thecostof correspondingly[7kɔrə'spɑndɪŋli]adv.相应地，从而，因此correspondingadjsimilarorresultingfromsomethingelselosseswere50percentworsethaninthecorrespondingperiodlastyear.Asthecourse esmoredifficult,there'susuallyacorrespondingdropinattendance.Thecostoflivinginthecityismoreexpensive,butsalariesaresupposedtobecorrespondinglyhigher.correspondv.1.tobethesameasormatchsth.Youraccountandherscorrespond.correspondwith/to…Youraccountofeventscorrespondswith/tocorrespondv.2.tobesimilartoorthesameassthelsecorrespondtoTheAmericanCongresscorrespondstotheBritishTheBritishjobofLecturercorrespondsroughlytotheUSAssociatecorrespondv.3.exchangelettersTheyhavecorrespondedregularlyforyears.correspondwith…I'vebeencorrespondingwithseveralexpertsinthecorrespondencen.1.Castrongconnectionbetweentwothings紧密联Thereisadefinitecorrespondencebetweeninfantmortalityandpoverty.correspondencen.2.Uorsingulartheprocessofwritingandreceivingletters通信IrefusedtoenterintoanycorrespondencewithhimaboutWekeptupacorrespondenceformanycorrespondencen.[U]thelettersthatsomeonesendsandreceivesAsecretarycameintwiceaweektodealwithhisThereisnothingsecretiveabouttheOmbudsman'swork,forhiscorrespondenceisopentopublicinspection.incurv.蒙受经济损失，不得不支付 incurv.1.ifyouincurcostsyouhavetopaythem蒙受经济损失，不得incurcosts/losses/debts hasincurredhugelossesoverthepastthreeAnenterprisehastoincurcertaincostsandexpensesinordertostayinbusiness.incurv.2.ifyouincursth.unpleasant,ithappenstoyoubecauseofsth.youhavedone招致，招惹Eachstageoftheprocessincursanadditionalincursb’sdispleasure/wrathShewonderedwhatshe'ddonetoincurhisdispleasurethisShehadincurredthewrathofherfatherbymarryingwithouthisconsent.occurv.发生Whenexactlydidtheconcurv.同意；同时发生Westronglyconcurwith mendationsofthisEverythingconcurredtoproducethedesiredeffect.recurv.再次发生，反复发生Wemustmakesurethattheproblemdoesnotarecurringillness/Thesameoldfavouritesrecuryearinyearoutwithmonotonousadministerv.administerv.1.tomanagetheworkormoneyofa organization管理toadministeracharity/fund/ThepensionfundsareadministeredbycommercialThencallsfortheUNtoadministerthecountryuntilelectionscanbeadministerv.2.(fmltocausesb.toreceivesth.toadministermedicine/punishment/reliefThetestwasadministeredtoall11-year-olds.administratorn.[C]管理人员，行政人员administrativeadj.管理的，行政的administrativestaff/duties/job/costsadministrationn.1.[U]管理Shehaslittleexperienceinadministrationn.2.[C]（尤指）ThishappenedfrequentlyduringtheNixonAdministration.administrationn.3.[U]给予，施以theadministrationoftheadministrationofsedativesogous[ə'næləgəs]adj.ogousadj.(fml.)similarinsomewaytoanotherthingorandthereforeabletobecomparedwithitThetwoprocessesarenot ogousto/with…Sleephasoftenbeenthoughtofasbeinginsomewayogoustodeath.Thepresentcrisisisogouswiththesituationimmediaybeforetheogyn.sth.thatseemssimilarbetweentwosituations,processesdraw/makean =aHedrewan ogybetweenthebrainandavastcomputer.initiative[ɪ'nɪʃətɪv]n.initiativen.[U]theabilitytomakedecisionsandtakeactionwithoutwaitingforsomeonetolyouwhattodo积极性，主动性amanwholackstheinitiativetobeaIwishmysonwouldshowmoretheinitiativesing]powerorrighttotakeactionTheinitiativehaspassedtoBecauseofthegeneral'sindecisiveness,ourarmieshavelostthetotheItwasuptotheUStotaketheinitiativeinrepairingrelations.“it”=togoinitial“in”=intoadj.最初的；n.首字母；v.签首字initiatev.发起，创始；接纳……initiationn.initiatorn.initiativen.itineraryn.circuitcircuroundn.circuitousadj.迂回的，曲折的transit“trans”=acrossn.transitionn.过渡transitionaladj.adv.过度地undulyadv.morethanisnormalorreasonableexcessivelyThelevelsofpollutioninthisareaareundulyhigh.Hedidnotsoundundulyworriedattheprospect.Werealizedthattheymusthave eundulyfrightenedbytherisingflood,fortheirhouse,whichhadsoundfoundations,wouldhavestoodstoutlyevenifithadbeenalmostsubmerged.undueexcessiveadj.Theworkshouldbecarriedoutwithoutunduedelay.Wedidnotwanttoputanyunduepressureonthem.Andifthissomethingelseisrightlychosen,ifitreallyattendedbytheilluminationofanotherfieldofinterest,gradually,andoftenquiteswiftly,theoldunduegriprelaxesandtheprocessofrecuperationandrepairpersuitableAfterdueconsideration,wehavedecidedtoappointMr.Davistothejob.dueadj2.expectedtohappenorarriveataparticulartime预期的，到时When'sthebabyThenexttrainisdueinfiveminutes.beduetodosth.ThestrikeisduetobeginonHisnewbookisduetobepublishednextIfanationisessentiallydisunited,itislefttothe ernmenttoholditessentiallyadv.1.usedforemphasizingwhatisthemostimportantaspectofsth.orfactaboutsth.本质上，根本上Therearethreeessentiallydifferentwaysoftacklingtheessentiallyadv.2.usedforsayingthatsth.ismostlytrue,but ytrueThelistisessentially ysisofurbanuseofagriculturallandhasbeenprovedessentiallyleavev.toletsomeoneelsedecidesth.orberesponsibleforsth.让leavesth.toYoucanleavethecookingtome.I’llleaveittoyoutobuythetickets.holdsth.togethercausesth.toremaintogetherunitesth.使……团结一Thecountryneedsaleaderwhowillholdthenationtogether.InthosedaystheChurchheldthecommunitytogether.Thisincreasestheexpenseofernment,andreducescorrespondinglytheamountofeconomicresourcesthatcouldbeusedfordevelotheNumberisregularlyusedwithcountnouns<alargenumberofmistakes>whileamountismainlyusedwithmassnouns<annualamountofrainfall>.Theuseofamountwithcountnounshasbeenfrequentlycriticized;itusuallyoccurswhenthenumberofthingsisthoughtofasamassorcollection<gladtofurnishanyamountofblackpebbles>orwhenmoneyisinvolved<asubstantialamountofloans>.usesth.for ng)TheywereusinganimalsforscientificAnditshouldnotbeforgottenhowsmallthoseresourcesareinapoorandbackwardcountry.backwardadj.develoslowlyandlesssuccessfullythanmost的abackwardItwilltakedecadestobringthisbackwardcountryintothemodernWherethecostof ernmentishigh,resourcesfordevelopmentarecorrespondinglylow.Thismaybeillustratedbycomparingthepositionofanationwiththatofaprivatebusinessenterprise.illustratev.tomakethemeaningofsth.clearerbyusingexamples,pictures,etc.（用例子、图表等）说明，阐明Toillustratemypoint,letmelyoualittleThelecturerillustratedhispointwithadiagramontheblackboard.beillustratedby…TheirpropertiescouldbeillustratedbysimpleThegeneralrestlessnessandhurryoflifearealwaysillustratedbythepracticeoffasteating.amply/clearly/dramatically/graphically/vividlyillustrateOneexamplemayamplyillustratethisTheexampleoftheUnitedStatesgraphicallyillustratesthisThestoryofapoorfamilythatacquiredfameandfortuneovernight,dramaticallyillustratesthepowerofthepress.illustrationn.1.插图；2.Arecentarticleinaweeklynewspaper,forinstance,washeadedwithastrikingillustrationofaladyinastateofconsiderabledistress,withthecaption'Shewasyetanothervictim,reducedtoascreamingwreck'.compare…with/and…toexaminepeopleorthingstoseehowtheyaresimilarandhowtheyarecontrast…with/andtocomparetwothings,ideas,peopleetc.toshowhowdifferenttheyarefromeachotherpositionn.thesituationthatsomeoneisin,especiallywhenthisaffectswhattheycanandcannotdo地位，处境，状况ina/andelicate/dominating/favorable/adverseShe’sintheenviablepositionofbeingabletochoosewhosheworksWhentwoofyourbestfriendsargueitputsyouinaveryawkwardFuturehistorianswillbeinauniquepositionwhentheycometothehistoryofourownIfyouareyounger,andinasolidfinancialposition,youmaydecidetotakeanaggressiveapproachbutonlyifyou'reblessedwithasanguinedispositionandwon'tsuffersleeplessnightsovershareprices.HertonewasthatofaparenttoadisobedientSomecommentatorscomparedhisworkwiththatofJamesHisstylecouldscarcelybefurtherremovedfromthatofhispredecessor.Cockburn'sarrivalcoincidedwiththatofSirIainandLadyNoble.Anenterprisehastoincurcertaincostsandexpensesinordertostayininbusiness:A thatisinbusinessisoperatingandtrading.（公司） hasbeeninbusinessforoverthirtyyears.Youcan'tstayinbusinesswithoutcash.Forourpurposes,weareconcernedonlywithonekindofcost―thecostofmanagingandadministeringthebusiness.purposesn.plwhatisneededinaparticularsituationforpurposes出于……Thesegiftscount efortaxForthepurposesofthisstudy,thethreegroupshavebeencombined.Forthepurposesofthisbook,AmericaistakentoincludethecontinentnorthofMexico.beconcernedwithsthbeaboutsth.Herlatest aryisconcernedwithyouthunemployment.beconcerned aboutforsthbeworriedaboutsth.为某事担忧We'reallconcernedabout/forhersafety.Suchadministrativeoverheadsinabusinessare ogoustothecostofernmentinanation.overheadsn.[pl]regularexpensesinvolvedinrunningabusiness,e.g.rent,light,heating,salaries（企业运转所需要的）经费（如房租、电Heavyoverheadsreducedhis ogousto/withButthesearenotogoustowhathappenswhenmanTheadministrativeoverheadsofabusinessarelowtotheextentthateveryoneworkinginthebusinesscanbetrustedtobehaveinawaythatbestpromotestheinterestsofthefirm.totheextentthat1.以至于Saleshavefallenbadlythisyear,totheextentthatwewillhavetoclosesomeofourshops.increasedtotheextentthatresidentswereafraidtoleavetotheextentthat2.只要……，只有Totheextentthatthepeoplecanbereliedupontobehaveinaloyalresponsiblemanner,the ernmentdoesnotrequirearmiesofandcivilservantstokeeptheminorder.Expensesaredeductibleonlytotheextentthatinaggregatetheyexceed7percentofgross interestn.CusuallyplU advantageprotect/safeguard/lookaftersb'sAllhecaresaboutisprotectinghisownAslongagoas1809,theSwedishParliamentintroducedaschemetosafeguardtheinterestoftheindividual.insb.’sinterest(s):forortosb.’sadvantage为的利益，对有好Lesson53InthepublicButifanationisdisunited,theernmentcannotbesurethattheactionsofthepeoplewillbeintheinterestsofthenation;anditwillhavetowatch,check,andcontrolthepeopleaccordingly.Iftheycaneachbetrustedtotakesuchresponsibilities,andtoexercisesuchinitiativeasfallswithintheirsphere,thenadministrativeoverheadswillbelow.take(on/over)/accept/assume/bear/shoulderresponsibilityfor ng)sth.WhodoyoutrusttotakeresponsibilityforBritain'sdefence?Becarefulyoudon'ttakeontoomuchresponsibility.Thebankrefusestoacceptresponsibilityforthe exercisev.(fml.)touseyourpower,rightsor alqualitiesinordertoachievesth.使用，运用，利用WhensheappearedincourtsheexercisedherrighttoremainHewasamanwhoexercisedconsiderableinfluenceoverpeople.Alwaysexercisecautionwhenhandlingradioactivesubstances.fallv.tobelongtoorbepartofaparticulargroup,areaofresponsibility,rangeofthings,ortypeofthings属于……fallwithin/into/underThejudgesaidthatthismatterdidnotfallwithinthescopeoftheauditor'sduties.Manyillnessesfallintothecategoryofstress-relatedMeatandpoultryproductionfallunderthecontroloftheAgriculturespheren.anareaofresponsibilityoratypeofsituationoverwhichaorgrouphasinfluenceorpower范围TheyknewnottointerfereinmattersoutsidetheirsphereofTheeconomicboomhasgreatlyexpandedtheU.S.'ssphereofinfluence.such/thesame/as/so…as…IneedthesametoolasyouareIneedsuchatoolasyouareIneedasusefulatoolasyouareSuchinnsastherewereweregenerallydirtyandflea-Iftheycaneachbetrustedtotakesuchresponsibilitiesandtoexercisesuchinitiativeasfallswithintheirsphere,thenadministrativeoverheadswillbelow.Itwillbelowbecauseitwillbenecessarytohaveonlyonemanlookingaftereachjob,withouthavinganothermantocheckuponwhatheisng,keephiminline,andreportonhimtosomeoneelse.havesb.ngIamsorrytohaveyouwaitingsolong.Shehadusworkingdayafterday.lookafter1.totakecareofsomeonebyhelthem,givingthemwhattheyneed,orkeethemsafe=takecareof照顾，照料Don'tworry,I'lllookafterthekidslookafter2.toberesponsiblefordealingwithsomething=takecareI'mleavingyouheretolookafterthebusinessuntilIgetback.havesb.(to)doIwon’thaveyousaysuchIwillhavesomeonetotranslatethestoryforcheckon/upon…:tomakesurethatsomeoneorsomethingissafe,isasatisfactorystate,orisngwhattheyshouldbeng检查，核查，Honey,canyougoupstairsandcheckontheMyneighbourcomesinonceaweektocheckonthingsandfeedthefish.inline:得到控制，有秩序ThecoachkepttheexcitedteaminTheernmentpassedanewlawtokeeppricesinWhentheteachercamebackintotheroom,shequicklybroughttheclassbackinline.reporton…(tosb.)（向）汇报关于……的情I’veaskedhimtocomebacknextweekandreportonhisprogress(toHereportedonthewholeevent(totheButifnoonecanbetrustedtoactinaloyalandresponsiblemannertowardshisjob,thenthebusinesswillrequirearmiesofadministrators,checkers,andforemen,andadministrativeoverheadswillrisemannern. 'swayofbehavingtowardsothersShehasarathercold,unfriendlymanner.mannertowards…SomethinginBeth'smannertowardshimhadforemann.(plforemen)experiencedworkerwhosupervisesandotherworkersAsadministrativeoverheadsrise,sotheearningsofthebusinessaftermeetingtheexpenseofadministration,willfall;andthebusinesswillhavelessmoneytodistributeasdividendsorinvestdirectlyinitsfutureprogressanddevelopment.earningsn.[pl.]1.themoneythatyouearnfortheworkthatyoudo薪earningsn.pl2.theprofitthat makesmeetv.tomakeapaymentthatneedstobemade支付，偿付（某费用meetalltheexpenses/Thecostwillbemetby ernmenthaspromisedtomeetthecostofclearingupafterthedistributev.tosharethingsamongagroupofpeople,especiallyinannedway=giveout分配，分发distributesth.among/toClothesandblanketshavebeendistributedamongtherefugees.Thedemonstratorsdistributedleafletstopassers-by.dividendn.apartofa ’sprofitthatisdividedamongthepeoplewithsharesinthe （付给持有者的）股息，红利ItispreciselythesamewithaTotheextentthatthepeoplecanbereliedupontobehaveinaloyalresponsiblemanner,the ernmentdoesnotrequirearmiesofandcivilservantstokeeptheminorder.armyn.anorganizedgroupofpeoplewhoareworkingtogetherorhelsomeone团体，大军armyofArmiesofrescueworkersaresortingthroughthecivilservantn.someoneemployedinthecivilservice，的文TheSwedeswerethefirsttorecognizethatpublicofficialslikecivilservants,officers,healthinspectorsortax-collectorscanmakemistakesoractover-zealouslyinthebeliefthattheyareservingtheordern.[U](conditionbroughtaboutby)obediencetolaws,rules,authority，秩序，规矩keepsb.inorder使……SometeachersfinditdifficulttokeeptheirclassesinButifanationisdisunited,theernmentcannotbesurethattheactionsofthepeoplewillbeintheinterestsofthenation;anditwillhavetowatch,check,andcontrolthepeopleaccordingly.accordinglyadv.1.asaresultofsth. =therefore因此Someofthelawswerecontradictory.Accordingly,measuresweretakentoclarifythem.Thecostofmaterialsrosesharplylastyear.Accordingly,wewere toincreaseourprices.accordinglyadv.2.inawaythatisappropriatetowhathasbeendoneorsaidinaparticularsituation相应地TheyhavebrokentherulesandwillbepunishedItisadifficultjobandtheyshouldbepaidAdisunited Lesson37Theprocessofn.Thereiseverylikelihoodthathewillrunfornextyear.Thereislittlelikelihoodthathewillrunfornextyear.Thereislittlelikelihoodofhisattendingthewedding.Thereiseverylikelihoodoftheprophecyfailing.inalllikelihood=verylikelyinallprobability=veryprobablyinallhonesty=veryhonestlyinallfrankness=veryinallseriousness=veryinalleagerness=veryeagerlyinallsincerity=veryHistorydoesnotrelatewhetherhisfriendacceptedhismedicalhelp,butinallprobabilityhedid.JohnDeweyhassaidinallseriousnessthatthepartyedbycustominshathebehaviouroftheindividual,asagainstanywayinwhichhecanaffecttraditionalcustom,isastheproportionofthetotalvocabularyofhismothertongueagainstthosewordsofhisownbabytalkthataretakenupintothevernacularofhisfamily.LiuBeimadethree alcallsatthethatchedcottagetosolicitZhugeLiang’shelpinallsincerityandeagerness.DearEdward:I’vegonebackandforththelastfewdaystryingtodecidewhetherornotIshouldevenwritethis.Intheend,IrealizedIwouldregretitifIdidn’t.So,heregoes.Iknow,thelasttimewesaweachother,weweren’texactlyhittingthesweetestnotes.Itcertainlywasn’tthewayIwantedourtriptoend.IsupposeI’mresponsible,andforthatI’msorry.Butinallhonesty,ifIhadthechance,I'ddoitagain.Goodafternoon.MynameisEdwardCole.Idonotknowwhatmostpeoplesayontheseoccasions,becauseinallhonestyI'vetriedtoavoidadj.脆弱的，易受vulnerableadjweakoreasytohurtphysicallyormentally脆弱的，易受Weshouldhelpthevulnerablegroupsinsociety.bevulnerabletosb./sth.Youngbirdsarevulnerabletopredators.Thewoundisvulnerabletoinfection.Pesticidescancauseanamphibian'sskintodryPesticideskilltheinsectsthatamphibiansdependonforDissolvedpesticidescaneasilyenteramphibian'sAmphibiansmayeatntsthathavebeentreatedwithManypesticidesthatfarmersappliedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsorotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughanamphibian’sskinallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibian’sbody.Manypesticidesthatfarmersappliedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsorotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughanamphibian’sskinallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibian’sbody.Q:Accordingtothespeaker,whydopesticidesposeathreattoAnswer:(C)Dissolvedpesticidescaneasilyenteramphibian'sbodies.besusceptibletosth.Childrenareparticularlysusceptibletothedisease.Someofficialsaresusceptibletocorruption.paperUSimperialismisapapertiger.Allreactionariesarepapertigers.AchillesAchilles:theheroofHomer’sIliad,thesonofPeleusandThetis,theslayerofHectorJohn’sAchillesheelishisOfficialcorruptionremainsthe ernment’sAchillesheel.adj. visible/insightinvisible/outofsightaudible/withinearshotinaudible/outofearshotJohnistoofarawaytoJohnisoutofJohnhasn'tleftJohndoesn'thearM:Hey,John!W:Saveyourbreath.He'soutofearshot.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?Answer:(A)Johnistoofarawaytohear.ageing['eɪdʒɪŋ]n.&，aging/theprocessofagingtheagingprocesstheagingproblemgraying/greyingthegrayingoftheworldthegrayingproblem’sgrayingpopulationAnidleyouth,aneedyAllthatisinmymindwhenImeetayoung .Hemaybeconceited,ill-mannered,presumptuousorfatuous,butIdonotturnforprotectiontodrearyclichésaboutrespectofelders—asifmereagewereareasonforI'llgiveyoueverythingII'llbuildyourdreamswiththesetwohandsWe'llhangsomememoriesonthewallAndwhenjustthetwoofusarethereYouwon'thavetoaskifIstillcare'CauseastimeturnsthepageMylovewon’tageatAsweage,ourskin eslesselastic.Shehasagedwell.oddsn.可能性；，逆theoddsare(that)Theoddsare(that)you'regoingtofail.theoddsareinfavorof…theoddsareagainstTheoddsareinfavorofhiswinning.Theoddsareagainsthiswinning.Thereareheavyoddsinfavorofhisbeingmarriedthisyear.ThereareoverwhelmingoddsagainstanArgentineanvictory.against(all)theoddsAgainst(all)theoddssheachievedherdreamof ingaballerina.beat/ etheoddsfight/battle/struggleagainsttheIftheyhadonlyhadonemorechild,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.Theywouldhave tostruggleagainsteconomicoddsandwouldhavelivedinobscurity.fight/battle/struggleagainsttheMenaccustomedtostrugglingforsurvivalagainsttheelementsandnswerebewilderedbypoliticians,bankersandbusinessmen,andunhorsedbyfences,lawsandalientaboos.n.thermodynamicsn.abranchofphysicsdealingwiththerelationsheatandotherformsofenergy热力学“therm(o)”=heat thermos/Thermosthermos/Thermos thermalthermalspring“dynam”=power at atat atatone’s+形容词处于最……的状态Whenareyouatyourbest?Whenareyouatyourworst?Whenareyouatyourmosteffective?Whenareyouatyourmostvulnerable?ThegardenisatitsmostbeautifulinJune.CaesarwasathismostpowerfulwhenheconqueredGaul.Hewasconstantlyonthemove.HeisalwaysontheThepatientisontheTheprogramisontheairat7o’clock.Crimesareontherise.Thedogisonthealert.Theworkersareonstrike.TodayI’monduty.Thenurseisoncall.I’mhereonbusiness.I’mhereonvacation.Thecarisunderrepair.ThecastleisunderThesubjectisunderdiscussion.Thematterisunderconsideration.Youareunderarrest.Thepatientisunderobservation.Thecaseisunderinvestigation.Thebridgeisunderconstruction.ThebuildingisunderIthasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhasyettoreach)hisorherfullin ligence;butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.haveyettodo还没有……；有待于……IhaveyettomakeaThebankhasyettorespondtoourTheDaVinciCode,starringTomHanks,hasyettoopennext…andwehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoveryofecho-locationinbatstoseeacaseinwhichthevoiceysastrictlyutilitarianrole.haveonlytodo…todoYouhaveonlytopressthebuttontocallthe…anditsowner(hasyettoreach)hisorherfullinSpidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink,norevennearlyrelatedtoSpidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink,nor(arethey)evennearlyrelatedtothem.Suchinnsastherewereweregenerallydirtyandflea-ridden;thefoodsimplylocalcheese paniedbybreadoftentwelvemonthsold,allwasheddownwithcoarsewine.Suchinnsastherewereweregenerallydirtyandflea-ridden;thefood(was)simplylocalcheese paniedbybreadoftentwelvemonthsold,allwasheddownwithcoarsewine.Duringthesetestsshewasabletoreadanewspaperthroughanopaquescreenand,strangerstill,bymovingherelbowoverachild'sgameofLottoshewasabletodescribethefiguresandcoloursprintedonit;and,inanotherinstance,wearingstockingsandslippers,tomakeoutwithherfoottheoutlinesandcoloursofapicturehiddenunderacarpet.Duringthesetestsshewasabletoreadanewspaperthroughanopaquescreenand,strangerstill,bymovingherelbowoverachild'sgameofLottoshewasabletodescribethefiguresandcoloursprintedonit;and,inanotherinstance,wearingstockingsandslippers,(shewasable)tomakeoutwithherfoottheoutlinesandcoloursofapicturehiddenunderacarpet.But,ifthisworldisnotmerelyabadjoke,lifeavulgarflareamidthecoolradianceofthestars,andexistenceanemptylaughbrayingacrossthemysteries;…But,ifthisworldisnotmerelyabadjoke,life(isnotmerely)avulgarflareamidthecoolradianceofthestars,andexistence(isnotmerely)anemptylaughbrayingacrossthemysteries;…ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans’lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutessurgicalItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanada(deathis)inevitableandinCalifornia(deathis)optional.Smallwonder.Americans’lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereced,clinicaldepression(canbe)controlled,cataracts(canbe)removedina30-minutessurgicalprocedure.Vegetablesarebestwhentheyarefresh.WearebusiestonMondays.…butatthisagethepossibilitiesofdeathareEarlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconsequentlymorevulnerable;later,weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigourandwhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst,willfinally esosteepthatwecanlivenolonger,howeverwellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,and(wewere)consequentlymorevulnerable;Althoughmankindhasundergonenogeneralimprovementininligenceormorality,……progressiveideasprogressivedecline/reduction/increase/Oneprominentsymptomofthediseaseisprogressivelossof…though(thelossis)imperceptibleatfirst,Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatmustdeclineinthisway,thatifweescapewars,accidentsanddiseasesweshalleventually'dieofoldage',andthatthishappensataratewhichdifferslittlefrom ,sothatthereareheavyoddsinfavourofourdyingbetweentheagesofsixty-fiveandeighty.declinev.Hishealthhasbeendeclining/deterioratingprogressivelyforseveraldeclinean1、=evenif…Ifhenoticedthefact,hedidn’t…eventheirsagas,iftheyhadany,areThisresultmerelyconfirmsearlierAmericanandBritishstudies:ifthereisanyeffectofnoiseuponmentalhealth,itmustbesosmallthatpresentmethodsofpsychiatricdiagnosiscannotfindit.2、althoughDonald'sessaysarealwaysinteresting,ifsometimespoorlywritten.Sheunderstoodhismeaning,ifnothiswords,andtookhisadvice.differlittledifferadiffergreatly/significantly/enormouslyvaryfrom improvefromdaytodayreadsth.fromcovertocoversellsth.fromdoortodoorThereareheavy/overwhelmingoddsinfavorof/against…lifeexpectancyButthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.Thefollowingday,however,thedoctorconsoledhimbylinghimthathischancesofbeingabletoleavehospitalintimefornewyearcelebrationsweregood.Assheisnotrich,thechancesthatshewilleverbeabletoaffordsuchpurchasesareremote;butsheisneversufficientlystrong-mindedtobeabletostopthepractice.one’schancesofngthechancesthat…aregood/high.aresmall/slight/HischancesofwinningthegameareThechancesthathewillwinthegameareremote.thereisavirtuallimit/restrictionon…ThereisavirtuallimitonhowfastwecanThereisavirtualrestrictionontherateofeconomicgrowthinaspecificTherearestrictlimits/restrictionsonialNormalpeopletendtoforgetthisprocessunlessanduntiltheyareremindedofit.Nocreditswillbeawardedunlessanduntilwereceiveofficialnotificationfromthetestingservice.Somepeoplebelievethatasocietyhastoceitsoverallsuccessbeforethewell-beingofitsmemberstoachieveprosperity,whereasothersbelievethattheonlybenarkofthewell-beingofasocietyisthegeneralwelfareofallitspeople.Admittedly,asocietyshouldpursueitsoverallsuccess,butfrommythisgoalwillneverbeattainedunlessanduntilthewell-beingofallitsindividualcitizensisproperlyWearesofamiliarwiththefactthatmanages,thatpeoplehaveforyearsassumedthattheprocessoflosingvigourwithtime,of ingmo