湖南省长沙市2020-2021学年高一上学期期中英语试题Word版含解析

长沙一中2020-2021学年高一上期中试卷英语第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATeenagerslovetosocialize,andthefollowingwebsitesgivethemachancetodothatwhileplayinggames,exploringvirtual(虚拟的)worldsandtakingquizzes.InstagramInstagramallowsteenagerstouploadphotosoftheirdailylivesandsharethemwithfriends.Peoplesaythatapictureisworthathousandwords,andthatmustbetruebecauseInstagramhasaround300millionuserswhoareactiveeachmonth.Theplatformisallaboutphotoswithshortcaptions(说明文字).53percentofitsusersareaged18-29,butabigpercentageofthosemaybeevenyoungerandsimply(listtheirageas18inordertousetheplatform)HabboHotelHabboHotelisaplaceforteenstochat/Eachteenreceivespersonalroomtodecoratewithvirtualobjects.Theycanalsodresstheiravatars(网络头像)invirtualclothesorcreategamestoplaywithfriends.Theroommighthavemusic,besetuplikeclassroom,orhaveotherfeaturessodifferentavatarscanvisitoneanother.Eachroomhasanadultmoderator(管理员)tomakesureitstayssafe.FanlalaFanlalaisasocialnetworkthatgivesteenswholovecelebrities,musicandTVshowsaplacetointeract.Throughit,userscangetthelatestnewsandgossipontheirfavoriteshows,aswellastakequizzestotesttheirknowledge.TeenChatTeenChatisplaceforteenstointeractwithoneanotherthroughforums(论坛)accordingtotheirinterests.Forexample,therearechatroomsforthosewholoveanime(日本动漫)andforthosewhohavejuststartedcollege.Therearealsochatroomsforthingslikemusic,games,andsports.1.WhatmakesInstagramdifferentfromothersitelistedinthetext?A.It'sagreatplaceforpeopletosharephotos.B.Themajorityofitsusersareintheirearly20s.C.Ithasthelargestnumberofusers.D.Onlythoseabove18normallyuseit.2.Whichsiteallowsitsuserstocreatetheircharactersanddesignvirtualrooms?A.Instagram. B.HabboHotel.C.Fanlala. D.TeenChat.3.whatcanyouacquirefromFanlala?A.Gameskills. B.Sportsknowledge.C.Animevideos. D.Entertainmentnews.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了适合青少年在玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和参加测验的同时交友的四个网站。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Instagramallowsteenagerstouploadphotosoftheirdailylivesandsharethemwithfriends.”可知，Instagram允许青少年上传日常生活照片，并与朋友分享，而结合第三、四、五段的介绍可知，其他三个网站的主要功能分别为虚拟游戏交友，追星族/音乐/电视节目爱好者交友，和动漫爱好者交友，所以Instagram与其他网站的不同点是它是分享照片的好地方，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“HabboHotelisaplaceforteenstochat/Eachteenreceivespersonalroomtodecoratewithvirtualobjects.Theycanalsodresstheiravatars(网络头像)invirtualclothesorcreategamestoplaywithfriends.”可知，HabboHotel是一个青少年聊天的地方/每个青少年都有一个用虚拟物品装饰的私人房间。他们也可以将他们的网络头像穿上虚拟服装，或创建游戏与朋友一起玩，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Fanlalaisasocialnetworkthatgivesteenswholovecelebrities,musicandTVshowsaplacetointeract.Throughit,userscangetthelatestnewsandgossipontheirfavoriteshows,aswellastakequizzestotesttheirknowledge.”（Fanlala是一个社交网络，为喜欢名人、音乐和电视节目的青少年提供了一个互动的场所。通过它，用户可以获得他们最喜欢的节目的最新新闻和八卦，也可以参加测验来测试他们的知识）可知，在Fanlala上可以获取娱乐新闻，故选D。BThreeverystrongwomen-mymother,mygrandmother,andMelinda-deservebigcredit(赞扬)forhelpingmebecomethemanIamtoday.ButBlancheCaffiere,averykindlibrarianandteacherI'veneverwrittenaboutpubliclybefore,alsohadahugeinfluenceonme.WhenIfirstmetMrs.Caffiere,shewastheelegantandengagingschoollibrarianatSeattle'sViewRidgeElementary,andIwasashyfourthgrader.Iwasdesperatelytryingtogounnoticed,becauseIhadsomebigdeficits,liketerriblehandwritingandakillinglymessydesk.AndIwastryingtohidethefactthatIlikedtoreadsomethingthatwascoolforgirlsbutnotforboys.Mrs.Caffieretookmeunderherwingandhelpedmakeitokayformetobeamessy,nerdyboywhowasreadinglotsofbooksShepulledmeoutofmyshellbysharingherloveofbooks.Shestartedbyaskingquestionslike,"Whatdoyouliketoread?"and"Whatareyouinterestedin?"Thenshefoundmealotofbooks-onesthatweremorecomplexandchallengingthantheTomSwiftJr.sciencefictionbooksIwasreadingatthetime.Forexample,shegavemegreatbiographiesshehadread.OnceI'dreadthem,shewouldmakethetimetodiscussthemwithme.Shesincerelylistenedtowhathadtosay.Throughthoseconversationsaboutbooksinthelibraryandintheclassroomwebecamegoodfriends.Lookingbackonitnow,there'snoquestionthatmytimewithMrs.Caffierehelpedsparkmyinterestinlibraries(Melinda'sandmyfirstlarge-scaleeffortinphilanthropy(慈善))andmyfocusonhelpingeverychildinAmericagetthebenefitofgreatteachers.It'sremarkablehowmuchpoweronegoodpersoncanhaveinshapingthelifeofachild.4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheauthorwas_______beforehemetMrs.Caffiere.A.anaveragestudent. B.notabletoreadandwrite.C.hatedbyotherboys D.notself-confident5.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddeficitsinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Accidents. B.Strengths.C.Problems. D.Concerns.6.Mrs.Caffierehelpedtheauthorby______.A.sharingreadingreflectionswithhim.B.tellinghimhewasmotmessyboy.C.hidinghiminthelibrary.D.listeningtohiscomplaint.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theauthor'sinterestinlibraries.B.Mrs.Caffiere'sinfluenceontheauthor'slife.C.Theauthor'sachievementslaterinhislife.D.Theimportanceofagoodpersoninsociety.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在学校时遇到的一位好老师——BlancheCaffiere。她通过鼓励作者阅读，帮助他摆脱束缚成为更好的自己。点明了一个好老师的对孩子的影响力是非凡的。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Iwasashyfourthgrader.Iwasdesperatelytryingtogetunnoticed.”（我是一个害羞的四年男孩，拼命想让自己不被注意）可推知，作者当时是不自信的。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的“liketerriblehandwritingandakillinglymessydesk.”（例如书写糟糕，凌乱不堪的桌子）可知，此处列举的是作者的缺点。由此推知，划线词的意思是“缺点，问题”。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“shepulledmeoutofmyshellbysharingherloveofbooks.”（她与我分享她对书籍的热爱，从而使我摆脱了束缚。）可知，Mrs.Caffiere通过分享对书籍的看法来帮助作者。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容“Lookingbackonitnow,there'snoquestionthatmytimewithMrs.CaffierehelpedsparkmyinterestinlibrariesandmyfocusonhelpingeverychildinAmericagetthebenefitofgreatteachers.It'sremarkablehowmuchpoweronegoodpersoncanhaveinshapingthelifeofachild.”（现在回首，我与Mrs.Caffiere相处的时光引发了我对图书馆的兴趣，并让我致力于帮助每个美国孩子能从好老师那里获得好处。一个好人塑造孩子生命的能量是非凡的）可知，本段主要讲述了Mrs.Caffiere对作者的影响。故选B。CInsteadofusingacreditcardorsmartphonetopayforyourgoods,Amazonwantsyoutouseyourhands.Inablogpost.DilipKumar,vicepresidentofAmazonPhysicalRetailintroducedthecompany's'palmrecognition(掌纹识别)technology,knownasAmazonOne.Thetechnology,firstrollingoutinAmazon'shomemarketofSeattle:willusepeople'spalmstoidentify(确认身份)themandcombinethatwithdetailsofthepalm,suchaslinesandridges,tobuild“palmsignature.”Inadditiontothetrialinthecompany'sstoresinSeattle,startingtoday,KumaraddedthatAmazonOnewillcometootherAmazonstoresandwillbeusedformorethanjustpayingwithyourpalm."WebelieveAmazononehasbroadapplicabilitybeyondourretailstores,sowealsoplantooffertheservicetothirdpartieslikeretailers(零售店),stadiums,andofficebuildingssothatmorepeoplecanbenefitfromthiseaseandconvenienceinmoreplaces,"Kumaradded.ThoughAmazonhasintroducedotherwaystopayforgoodsatitsphysicalstores.includingtheuseofCamerasandanapplinkedtoyourAmazonaccount.Kumarexplainedpalmrecognitionoffersanotherlevelofprivacy."Weselectedpalmrecognitionforafewimportantreasons,Kumarwrote."Onereasonwasthatpalmrecognitionisconsideredmoreprivatethanotherbiometric(生物统计的)identifiersbecauseyoucan'tdetermineaperson'sidentitybylookingatapictureoftheirpalm.Italsorequiresuserstomakeanintentionalgesturebyholdingtheirpalmoverthedevicetouse.Thisputscustomersincontrolofwhenandwheretheyusetheservice.What'smore,it'scontactless,whichwethinkcustomerswillappreciate,especiallyincurrenttimes.TouseAmazonOne,peopledon'tneedanAmazonaccount,butsimplyphonenumberandacreditcard.Forthoseconcernedaboutprivacy,Kumarwrote,userscandeletetheirbiometricdataiftheydecidetheynolongerwanttouseit.8.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAmazonOne?A.Convenientandsafe. B.Privateandinexpensive.C.Widespreadanduser-friendly D.Healthyandpopular.9.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphswecaninferthat_______.A.AmazonOneisdesignedforAmazononlinestores.B.Amazons'palmrecognitiontechnologyisthebestintheworld.C.AmazonOnehasnotyetbeenusedinplacesbeyondAmazonstores.D.Amazonprovidesvariousservicesforsociety.10.Whatmakespalmrecognitionabetterwaytopaythanusingacameraandanapp.A.Palmrecognitionmakesfewermistakes.B.Customersdon'tneedtomakeintentionalgestures.C.CustomerscanusetheirpalmtoopenanAmazonaccount.D.Customerscancontrolwhenandwheretouseit.11.Whichsectionofawebsiteisthepassagemostpossiblyfrom?A.Onlineshopping. B.Businessnews.C.Education. D.Advertisement.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了亚马逊使用的掌纹识别系统，用手付款，而不是用信用卡或智能手机。“手掌识别技术”，即AmazonOne。这项技术首先在亚马逊的本土市场西雅图推出。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段"WebelieveAmazononehasbroadapplicabilitybeyondourretailstores,sowealsoplantooffertheservicetothirdpartieslikeretailers(零售店),stadiums,andofficebuildingssothatmorepeoplecanbenefitfromthiseaseandconvenienceinmoreplaces,"Kumaradded.（库马尔补充说:“我们相信，亚马逊one在零售店之外具有广泛的适用性，所以我们也计划向零售商、体育馆和办公楼等第三方提供这项服务，让更多的人可以在更多的地方享受这种自在和便利。”）和倒数第二段的“Onereasonwasthatpalmrecognitionisconsideredmoreprivatethanotherbiometricidentifiersbecauseyoucan'tdetermineaperson'sidentitybylookingatapictureoftheirpalm.”（其中一个原因是，手掌识别被认为比其他生物识别更私密，因为你不能通过看手掌的照片来确定一个人的身份。）可知，AmazonOne既方便又安全。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Thetechnology,firstrollingoutinAmazon'shomemarketofSeattle:willusepeople'spalmstoidentify(确认身份)themandcombinethatwithdetailsofthepalm,suchaslinesandridges,tobuild“palmsignature.”（这项技术首先在亚马逊的本土市场西雅图推出:它将利用人们的手掌识别他们，并将其与手掌的纹路和脊线等细节结合起来，构建手掌签名。）可知，AmazonOne现在只是用于亚马逊本土市场，即亚马逊One还没有在亚马逊商店以外的地方使用。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。结合倒数第二段的内容及本段的“Thisputscustomersincontrolofwhenandwheretheyusetheservice.”（这使客户能够控制何时何地使用服务。）可知，让手掌识别成为比使用摄像头和应用程序更好的支付方式是因为它使客户能够控制何时何地使用服务。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍了亚马逊使用的掌纹识别系统，用手付款，而不是用信用卡或智能手机。“手掌识别技术”，即AmazonOne。这项技术首先在亚马逊的本土市场西雅图推出。由此可知，这一技术是关于商业的，本篇文章很有可能是商业新闻。故选B。DInalltheworld'scultures,peoplesing,playinstruments,andcelebratewithmusic．Itplayssuchanimportantroleinourlivesthatallfieldsfocusonitsstudy,includingonelookingatthebiologyofmusic．Expertsarefindingthatbecauseofthewayourbrainsprocessmusic,learningtoplayaninstrumentorjustlisteningtomusiccanhaveawiderangeofbenefits．Musiceducationhasreceivedalotofattention．Learningtoplayaninstrumentcanhelpchildrenimprovemath,science,andlanguageskills．OnestudyinCanadatrackedchildren'sIQscoresforninemonths,discoveringthatchildrenwhostudiedmusichadthebiggesttestscoreimprovements．Thesecretmaylieinthewayreadingmusicandplayingnotesusesseveralareasofthebrain,increasingourabilitytolearnschoolsubjects．Forexample,readingnotesimprovesspatial（空间的）reasoningskills,whicharehelpfulinsolvingmathproblemslikefractions（分数）．Musicisalsousedformedicalpurposes,suchasthetreatmentofdiseaseswhichaffectmemory．Thesecretliesinthewaythebrainprocessesmusic．Oneareaneartheforehead,themedialprefrontalcortex,connectsmusicwithmemoriesstoredintwootherareas:theamygdaleandhippocampus．That'swhyanoldsongcanremindyouofsomethingthathappenedyearsago．ForpatientssufferingfromdiseaseslikeAlzheimer's,listeningtomusiccanhelpunlockburiedmemoriesbystrengtheningmusicalpathwaystomemories．Withtheevidenceofmusic'sbenefitspouringin,it'snowondersomecountriesmakemusicstudyapartoftheireducationsystems．Peoplearerecognizingthatmorethanjustaformofentertainment,musicisalsogreatforthebrain．12.Scientistsarestudyingmusicbecause_______．A.musiccanbeusedformedicaltreatmentsB.musicplaysaveryimportantroleinourlivesC.ourbrainscanpossessmusicindifferentwaysD.musiceducationhasreceivedalotofattention13.AccordingtotheCanadianstudy,whichchildrenhadincreasedIQscores?A.ThosewhoalreadyhadhighIQs．B.Thosewhohadalwaysplayedmusic．C.Thosewhocouldnotplayanyinstrument．D.Thosewhostudiedmusicforaperiodoftime．14.Whichofthefollowingisakindofdisease?A.Spatialreasoning． B.Alzheimer's．C.Theamygdaleandhippocampus． D.Themedialprefrontalcortex．15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Musicandhealth B.MusicandthemindC.Musicandeducation D.Musicandinstruments【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍音乐在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，研究表明学习一段时间音乐的孩子智商更高，音乐可以用于治疗一些疾病等等，文章还分析了导致这些现象的原因。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Itplayssuchanimportantroleinourlivesthatallfieldsfocusonitsstudy,includingonelookingatthebiologyofmusic.”可知科学家在研究音乐因为它在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，故选B【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“OnestudyinCanadatrackedchildren'sIQscoresforninemonths,discoveringthatchildrenwhostudiedmusichadthebiggesttestscoreimprovements．”可知学习一段时间音乐的孩子智商更高，故选D14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“ForpatientssufferingfromdiseaseslikeAlzheimer's,listeningtomusiccanhelpunlockburiedmemoriesbystrengtheningmusicalpathwaystomemories．”对于患有阿尔茨海默氏症等疾病的患者来说，听音乐可以强化记忆的途径，从而帮助解开隐藏的记忆。可知Alzheimer是一种病。故选B【15题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文和最后一句话“Peoplearerecognizingthatmorethanjustaformofentertainment,musicisalsogreatforthebrain．”人们意识到音乐不仅仅是娱乐的一种方式还对我们的大脑有利。可知这篇文章讲的是音乐和大脑的关系，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小題2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Researchshowsthatplayfulteasingbetweenparentsandtheirchildrencanbeawaytostrengthenrelationships,bringupdifficulttopics,andjusthavefun.___16___CarolBishopsays,“Youneedtorecognizeiftheyareenjoyingit,”Therearealsorulesaboutwhatisokayandnotokaytoteaseyourchildabout.___17___Instead,teasekidsaboutsafetopics,likeamessyroom,orthingsthatcanbeeasilychanged.Teasingshouldalsobeatwo-waystreet.___18___Iftheygotoofarmakingfunofyou,besurenottoblowup.Instead,helpthemtolearnboundariesandwhatmayhurtothers.Teasingaboutadisappointinggradeshouldonlybeusedasagentleremindertostudyordohomework.Itshouldn'tbefocusedontheabilitybecausethatcouldmakethesituationworse.It’snotwrongtosaytoyourchild,“I'mdisappointedthatyougotaC.”___19___Youneedtoexamineifthereisalearningdisabilityormaybetheyaredepressedorbeingbullied.Frommonstersunderthebedtodarknessandnoises,fearsthatmayseemsillytoanadultmaybeveryrealtoachild.___20___Infact,itcouldmakethemworse.Teasingachildwhoisfrightenedaboutsomethingisnotawayforthemtoexpandtheirhorizon—youneedtomakethemfeelsecure.A.Kidsoftenfeelhurtwhenteasedbyothers.B.Topicslikeappearanceandweightareprohibited.C.Youhavetobewillingtoletyourchildteaseyouaboutthings.D.Butthenyoumustworkwiththemtofigureoutthecause.E.Butparentsneedtorecognizewhenteasingbecomeshurtful.F.Laughingorteasingwon'thelpthemovercometheirfears.G.Teasingachildaboutsportsperformancecancauseachildtoquitthesport.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.D20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，父母和他们的孩子之间的玩笑可以是一种加强关系的方式，提出困难的话题，为了有乐趣。文章就家长和孩子该如何开玩笑提出了一些建议和注意事项。【16题详解】根据后文CarolBishopsays,“Youneedtorecognizeiftheyareenjoyingit,”可知CarolBishop说:“你需要认识到他们是否喜欢这样做。”由此可知，家长可以和孩子开玩笑，但是也要认识到孩子是不是喜欢取笑自己，当开玩笑变成一个恶意的取笑这是有害的。故E选项“但当取笑变得有害时，父母需要认识到这一点”符合上下文语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据上文Therearealsorulesaboutwhatisokayandnotokaytoteaseyourchildabout.可知还有一些规则是关于什么可以，什么不可以取笑你的孩子。由此可知，本句应当说明哪些话题是禁止拿来开玩笑的。故B选项“禁止使用外貌和体重之类的主题”符合上下文语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据后文Iftheygotoofarmakingfunofyou,besurenottoblowup.Instead,helpthemtolearnboundariesandwhatmayhurtothers.可知如果他们取笑你太过分，一定不要发脾气。相反，帮助他们学会界限，知道什么会伤害到别人。由此可知，家长必须先学会愿意让孩子取笑自己，再从中进行帮助孩子学会什么会伤害到别人。故C选项“你必须愿意让你的孩子取笑你”符合上下文语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据后文Youneedtoexamineifthereisalearningdisabilityormaybetheyaredepressedorbeingbullied.可知你需要检查他们是否有学习障碍，或者他们是否抑郁，是否被欺负。由此可知，当孩子学习不好时，家长应当和他们一起找出原因。后文是在列举问题的来源。故D选项“但你必须和他们一起找出原因”符合上下文语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据后文Infact,itcouldmakethemworse.可知事实上，这可能会让情况变得更糟。由此可知，本句是在说明取笑孩子害怕的东西并不会帮助孩子克服这些恐惧，反而会让情况变得更糟。故F选项“笑或逗弄不会帮助他们克服恐惧”符合上下文语境，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Someofthegreatestproblemswefacetodayareconcernedwiththegradualdestruction(破坏)ofourenvironmentthroughover-useofour____21____.Somyfamilydowhatwecan.Wetakeclothbagstostoresinsteadofusingplasticbags.Wewalkwherewedon'thaveto____22____.ButwhenI'mtheonlyonewithaclothbaginlineatthegrocerystore,Iaskmyself:Doesitdoanygood?Irecentlyfoundtheanswerfromflamingos(火烈鸟).Thesebeautifulbirdsgatherin____23____groupsofathousandormore.Everyyear,whenthetimecomesformigration(迁徙),afewflamingosstarttheprocessby____24____fromthelake.But____25____oftheothersseemtonotice,sothetinygroupreturns.However,thenextdaythey____26____again.Thistimeafewmorestrugglealongwiththem,butthevastmajority____27____noattention,sothesepioneerscomeback.Thetrendcontinuesforseveralmoredays.Everytimeafewmorebirdsjoininbut,sincethethousandsofothers____28____takenonotice,thegreatmigrationplanisonceagain____29____.Thenoneday,things____30____.Thesamesmallgroupofbirdstakeswingandatinynumbermorejoinin,justasbefore.Thistimetheirtotalnumberisenoughtotipthebalance(扭转局势).Asone,thewholegrouptakesflightandthemigration____31____.Afewcanmakea____32____.It'struethatallofthegreatproblemsoftheworldhavebeensolvedbecauseofthe____33____effortsoffew.Ifyoubelieveinacausedon't____34____Otherswillsomedaynoticeand____35____wewillsolveevenourgreatestproblems.21.A.money B.resources C.time D.strength22.A.drive B.run C.cycle D.stand23.A.tiny B.different C.huge D.similar24.A.cuttingoff B.gettingup C.carryingout. D.takingoff25.A.all B.any C.none D.most26.A.gather B.try C.sing D.appear27.A.attract B.require C.escape D.pay28.A.still B.yet C.even D.never29.A.prepared B.handled C.cancelled D.delayed30.A.approach B.work C.change D.disappear31.A.continues B.fails C.finishes D.begins32.A.point B.decision C.difference D.mistake33.A.useless B.tireless C.total D.special34.A.giveup B.giveaway C.getover D.getoff35.A.jointly B.independently C.peacefully D.wildly【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.B27.D28.A29.D30.C31.D32.C33.B34.A35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从那些准备迁徙的火烈鸟先驱者身上认识到少数人也可以产生大影响，并最终带领大多数人行动，来解决我们共同的问题。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今天面临的一些最严重的问题与过度使用资源对环境的逐渐破坏有关。A.money金钱；B.resources资源；C.time时间；D.strength力量。根据上文“thegradualdestructionofourenvironmentthroughover-useofour”可知是因为过度使用资源对环境逐渐造成了破坏。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们走路去不必开车就能到的地方。A.drive开车，驾驶；B.run奔跑；C.cycle循环；D.stand站立。结合上文“Wetakeclothbagstostoresinsteadofusingplasticbags.Wewalkwherewedon'thaveto”可知作者一家尽可能环保出行，能走路去就不开车。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些美丽的鸟成群结队地聚集在一起，一千只甚至更多。A.tiny微小的；B.different不同的；C.huge巨大的；D.similar相似的。根据后文“groupsofathousandormore”可知这些鸟数量庞大。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每年迁徙的时候，几只火烈鸟就会从湖中起飞。A.cuttingoff切断；B.gettingup起床；C.carryingout实施；D.takingoff起飞，成功。结合常识和上文“whenthetimecomesformigration,afewflamingosstarttheprocessby”可知几只火烈鸟到了迁徙的时候就会从湖中起飞。且下文的“Asone,thewholegrouptakesflight”也是提示。故选D。【25题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：但其他鸟似乎都没有注意到，所以这一小群鸟又回来了。A.all全部；B.any任何；C.none没有人；D.most大部分。根据后文“sothetinygroupreturns”这一小群鸟又飞回来了，可推知其他的鸟没有注意到它们要迁徙的行为，noneof“（三个或以上）都不，没有一个”。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，第二天他们又试了一次。A.gather聚集；B.try尝试；C.sing唱歌；D.appear出现。根据后文“again”可推知这小群鸟又尝试了一次迁徙。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，有几只鸟与他们一起奋斗，但绝大多数鸟没有注意，所以这些先驱者又回来了。A.attract吸引；B.require需要；C.escape逃跑；D.pay支付。此处对应上文中“theothersseemtonotice,sothetinygroupreturns”可知因为其他鸟没有注意到他们，所以这些先驱者又回来了。paynoattention“没注意”。故选D。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每次都有一些鸟加入，但是，由于成千上万的其他鸟仍然没有注意到，大迁徙计划再次被推迟。A.still仍然；B.yet然而；C.even甚至；D.never从不。上文两次提到其他很多鸟没有注意到迁徙，再结合后文“takenonotice”可知成千上万的其他鸟仍然（still）没有注意到。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次都有一些鸟加入，但是，由于成千上万的其他鸟仍然没有注意到，大迁徙计划再次被推迟。A.prepared准备；B.handled处理；C.cancelled取消；D.delayed推迟。根据前文，因为大部分鸟还是没有注意到，没飞成功，所以迁徙计划推迟了。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，事情改变了。A.approach靠近；B.work工作；C.change改变；D.disappear消失。结合后文“Thistimetheirtotalnumberisenoughtotipthebalance.”可知这一天事情有了改变。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个整体，整个种群开始飞行，迁徙开始了。A.continues继续；B.fails失败；C.finishes结束；D.begins开始。根据上文“Asone,thewholegrouptakesflightandthemigration”可知整个种群开始起飞，说明迁徙行动开始了。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：小部分人也可以产生影响。A.point要点；B.decision决定；C.difference差异；D.mistake错误。根据下文的“It'struethatallofthegreatproblemsoftheworldhavebeensolvedbecauseofthe13effortsoffew.”可知，小部分人的努力也可能解决巨大的问题，产生重大影响。此处为短语makeadifference“有影响，有关系”。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：的确，世界上所有的重大问题都因为少数人的不懈努力而得以解决。A.useless无用的；B.tireless不知疲倦的；C.total完全的；D.special特别的。根据上文可知，正是因为那些少数先驱者一次又一次，不知疲倦的尝试，最后火烈鸟大军才成功迁徙。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你相信一项事业，就不要放弃。A.giveup放弃；B.giveaway赠送；C.getover克服；D.getoff下车。从那些火烈鸟先驱者的身上我们学到的是永不放弃的精神。故选A。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：总有一天，其他人会注意到，我们会共同解决甚至是我们最大的问题。A.jointly共同地；B.independently独立地；C.peacefully平静地；D.wildly野蛮地。根据上文可知，最终火烈鸟一起进行了伟大的迁徙，再结合后文“wewillsolveevenourgreatestproblems.”可知是指共同解决最大的问题。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Consideringthevaluablerolefriendship___36___(play)inourlife,itisdefinitelyfittohaveadaydedicatedtofriendsandfriendship.TheUnitedStatesCongress,in1935,declaredthefirstSundayofAugustastheNationalFriendshipDay.Afterthat,the___37___(celebrate)ofNationalFriendshipDaybecame___38___annualevent.Theideaof___39___(honor)thebeautifulrelationshipcaught___40___soonFriendshipDaybecameahugelypopularfestival.FollowingthepopularityandsuccessofFriendshipDayinUS,severalother___41___(country)adoptedthetraditionofdedicatingadaytofriends.InApril2011,theUnitedNations___42___(official)recognized30thJulyasInternationalFriendshipDay,althoughmanystillcelebrateit___43___thefirstSundayofAugust!Today,FriendshipDayhasbecomeanoccasionon___44___peopleallovertheworldexpressloveandheartfeltfeelingsfortheirbestfriendsandpromise____45____(stand)bythematalltimesinallcircumstances.【答案】36.plays37.celebration38.an39.honoring40.and41.countries42.officially43.on44.which45.tostand【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“友谊日”的成立经过以及“友谊日”的意义。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：考虑到友谊在我们生活中扮演的重要角色，我们绝对应该有一个专门献给朋友和友谊的日子。play在句中作谓语动词，根据后文is可知为一般现在时，主语为friendship，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填plays。37题详解】考查名词。句意：从那以后，庆祝国家友谊日成为一年一度的活动。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词celebration，作主语，此处特指“庆祝国家友谊日”应用单数。故填celebration。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：从那以后，庆祝国家友谊日成为一年一度的活动。event为可数名词，此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且annual是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：表达对美好关系的敬意的想法被激发，很快，“友谊日”就成为一个非常受欢迎的节日。作介词of的宾语应用动名词形式。故填honoring。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：表达对美好关系的敬意的想法被激发，很快，“友谊日”就成为一个非常受欢迎的节日。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。【41题详解】考查名词的数。句意：随着友谊日在美国的普及和成功，其他几个国家也采用了这一传统，将这一天献给朋友。country为可数名词，由several修饰应用复数形式。故填countries。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：2011年4月，联合国正式承认7月30日为国际友谊日，尽管许多人仍然在8月的第一个星期天庆祝它！修饰后文动词recognize应用副词officially【43题详解】考查介词。句意：2011年4月，联合国正式承认7月30日为国际友谊日，尽管许多人仍然在8月的第一个星期天庆祝它！结合后文“thefirstSundayofAugust”可知表示在具体的某一天应用介词on【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：今天，友谊日已经成为世界各地的人们向他们最好的朋友表达爱和衷心的感情，并承诺在任何时候、任何情况下支持他们的日子。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词occasion，作介词on的宾语，指物，在“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句中只能用关系代词which引导。故填which。45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，友谊日已经成为世界各地的人们向他们最好的朋友表达爱和衷心的感情，并承诺在任何时候、任何情况下支持他们的日子。结合句意表示“承诺做某事”可知短语为promisetodosth.。故填tostand。第四部分书面表达(共三节，满分40分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据课文内容与中文提示，完成下列句子填空，每空仅填一词。46.Thereis____________________(没有意义)incomparingyouwithothersallthetime.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】①.no②.point【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：一直把你和别人比较是没有意义的。根据汉语提示“没有意义”，可知此处为固定句型thereisnopointin。故填①no；②point。47.Ihardlyeverseethemduringtheweekbecausetheydon'tgethomeuntil____________________(深夜).（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】①.late②.at③.night【解析】【详解】考查副词和短语。句意：我平时很少见到他们，因为他们深夜才回家。根据汉语提示“深夜”结合句意可知，此处应填入副词短语“lateatnight(深夜)”作gethome(回家)的时间状语，其中late表示“晚，迟”，atnight表示“在晚上”，构成短语lateatnight表示“深夜”。故填①late②at③night。

48.____________(无论发生什么)，wealwaysknewwestillhadtheBanktodependupon.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】①.Whatever②.happened【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和时态。句意：无论发生什么，我们一直都知道我们还有银行可以依靠。根据汉语提示“发生”可知应用动词happen，在从句中作谓语，结合后文knew可知为一般过去时；且此处为让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever引导。故填①Whatever；②happened。49.Whetherwe'rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjust__________(闲荡)attheweekend,we’rehardlyoutofeachother'ssight.（根据中文提示完成句子）【答案】①.hanging②.out【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：无论是走路去学校，做作业还是周末出去玩，我们几乎都不会离开对方的视线。根据句意和汉语提示，可推出是短语hangout（闲逛），分析句子结构，whether…or连接并列结构，walkingtoschool和doinghomework都用的现在分词，这里也用现在分词，所以填hanging；out。50.IwassoangrythatIavoidedherduringschoolallday,andIstilldon'tfeellike____________________________(回复)anyofheronlinemessages.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】①.responding②.to【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我很生气，整天都躲着她，我还是不想回复她的任何网上留言。根据句意和句意“回复”，应填固定短语固定短语respondto意为“反应，响应”，feellikedoingsth.意为“想要做某事”，固定短语，feellike后的respond应该为动名词形式。故填①responding②to。51.Thestressofthissituationiskillingme,andI'm________(茫然)whattodonext.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】①.at②.lost【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：这种情况的压力快把我累死了，我不知道下一步该做什么。根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处需用介词短语atlost，做句子的表语。故填atlost。52.Itwilltakeupsomeofmysparetime,butthisfriendship________________(值得)myextratimeandeffort.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】①.is②.worth【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：它会占用我的一些业余时间，但这种友谊值得我付出额外的时间和努力。根据汉语提示“值得”可知短语为beworth，此处陈诉客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为friendship，谓语动词应用单数。故填①is；②worth。53.Finally,itshouldbepointedoutthatenjoying____________(陪伴)ofacrowdisnotthesameasbeingwithfriends.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】①.the②.company【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：最后，应该指出的是，享受一群人的陪伴并不等同于和朋友在一起。根据句意及汉语提示可知，用名词company，根据句意和空后的of可知，此处是特指，用“the+名词+of”结构。故填①the②company。54.Moreoftenthannot,closefriendshipswillhelp____________(使……平滑)thesometimesrockyroadthatweareallmea