主谓一致导学案

主谓一致导学案主谓一致是高考英语考点之一，尤其是近年高考有时吧主谓一致与时态、语态、非谓语动词等语法项目综合在一起考查，从而增加了难度。【学习目标】

1．掌握英语主谓一致通常规律，熟练利用人称和数上与主语保持一致标准。

2．能够在书面表示中杜绝主谓一致方面错误。

【重点难点】

1．谓语动词用单数种种情况。

2．就近标准。

3．定语从句中主谓一致。【自主学习】

主谓一致指是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。处理主谓一致问题，可依据三项标准：语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。依照这些标准，总结以下：1.时间、距离、重量、价值、数目等名词复数作整体对待时，谓语用单数。eg:Thirtydollars____toohighapriceforthebook.（be） Another10years______passedsinceheleft.(have) Fifteenmiles_____likealongwalktome.(seem)2.由主语从句、不定式短语、动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。Whentheywilldiscussit_____notbeenmadepublic.（have）Todieforthepeople_____aworthydeath.(be)Lookingafterthechildren_____herfull-timejob.(be)3.以s结尾学科名词(maths,physics,politics,economics)作主语，谓语用单数。Physics___worthstudying.(be)Maths___adifficultscience.(be)4.书、报、地名、国名、组织、疾病等以复数形式出现时，谓语用单数。TheTimesusually______fortheBritishgovernment.(speak)TheUnitedStates____madeupof50states.(be)TheUnitedNations____aworldorganization.(be)5.news/crossroads等复数形式表单数概念时，而works/woodsmeans单复数同形，视情况而定。Badnews___wings.(have)（好事不出门，恶事传千里）Theglassworks_____setupin1980.(be)Everymeans____beentriedtosettletheproblem.(have)Allmeans_____beentriedtosettletheproblem.(have)6.并列主语指同一概念时，谓语用单数。如:breadandbutter(黄油抹面包),knifeandfork(刀叉)Athiefandmurderer____sentencedtodeath.(be)Breadandbutter____servedforbreakfast.(be)Careandpatience____neededinourwork.(be)Earlytobedandearlytorise___agoodhabit.(be)7.some thing＋谓单＋any one＋谓单＋no bodyevery whereSomeone___lookingforyou.(be)Everything___niceinyourgarden.(be)Anyone___forbiddentosmokehere.(be)8.each (each)＋名单＋谓单＋名单and＋名单＋谓单＋名单and＋no nomanya manyaEachmanandeachwoman____invitedtotheparty.(be)Everyboyandeverygirlaswellassometeacherswhotovisitthemuseumaskedtobeattheschoolgatebefore6∶00inthemorning.A.are；areB.is；isC.is；areD.are；is不过，each位于and连接并列单数主语之后，修饰复数概念主语时，谓语用复数。Theboyandthegirleach____theirowntoys.(have)9.manyathewhole＋名词单数＋谓单each＋名词单数＋谓单everyneithereitherThewholenation____indeepsorrowatLincoln’sdeath.(be)Everycountry_____itscustoms.(have)Neitherstory____true.(be)＋谓单10.each the＋名复数＋谓单＋of＋of＋either you注意：noneof和neitherof后面跟复数名词或复数代词是，有时作单数对待，有时作复数对待，主要依照说话人意思决定。Eitherofthebicycles_____tome.(belong)Neitherofthem_______solvedtheproblem.(have)两个全都没处理问题。Neitherofthem_______solvedtheproblem.(have)两个没有一个处理了问题。11.由两个部分组成物质名词（trousers,pants,jeans,compasses,glasses,shorts等）直接作主语时谓语用复数，若其前加apairof则由pair单复数决定谓语动词数。Thispairof＋名词复数＋谓单Thatpairof＋名词复数＋谓单ApairofThetrousers_____cleaning.(need)Thatpairoftrousers______tome.(belong)Here_____somenewpairsofshoes.(be)＋谓语单数12.Therebe+名单+and+复数名词＋谓语单数Morethanone+名词单数More+名复+thanone+谓语复数Morethanonesoldier____killedinthebattle.（be）Moresoldiersthanone_____killedinthebattle.(be)13.a+名单+and+ahalf+谓单 oneandahalf+复数名词+谓单Amonthandahalf____passedsinceIsawhim.（have）Oneandahalfapples____leftontheplate.(be)14.man人类＋谓单Alltheworld＋谓单Alltheworld____thattheearthisround.(know)clothing衣着＋名词单/复数＋谓单15.aseriesof＋名词单/复数＋谓单aspeciesofAseriesoflecturesonpsychology___saidtobegivenbyMr.Stone.（be）16.the+姓复数形式+谓复TheGreens____goingtomakeatriptoLondon.(be)17.以复数形式出现表示群岛，山脉，瀑布等专有名词+谓复。ThePhilippines____tothesoutheastofChina.(lie)Asisknowntousall,theRockyMountains____inNorthAmerica.(stand)18.thefolks,people等集体名词＋谓复 police,cattle等集体名词＋谓复 Chinese,French其中，Chinese,Japanese,English,French等表示语言时，谓语用单数。Thepolice___runningafterthethief.(be)TheChinese_____veryhard-wording.(be)Chinese____difficulttolearn.(be)19.theblind,deaf,poor,living,young,dead,wounded表示一类人+谓复。Generally,theyoung____greedy/eager/thirstyforknowledge.(be)20.主语+aswellas,ratherthan,along/togetherwith,like,suchas,besides,but,except+名词+谓语与前面主语一致。(就远标准)HeaswellasI___absentfromthemeeting.(be)21.or,nor,either…or,neither…nor…,notonly…,butalso…直接两个主语时，谓语与最近一致。（就近标准）You,heorI___right.(be)Neitheryounorhe___right.(be)___eitherheoryouright?(be)但：BothheandIareright.除外Apairofglassesonthetable，buttheglassesnotyours.A.is；areB.are；isC.is；isD.are；are22.class,army,crew,family,team,enemy,group,party,couple,government,audience,committee等集体名词+谓语视情况而定,看作整体时，谓语用单数；强调其中各个组员时，谓语用复数。eg:Hisfamily____smallbutthefamily_______advancedworkers.（be）单名＋谓单复数＋谓复不可名＋谓单23.half,part,all,any,some,alot,lots.单名＋谓单复数＋谓复不可名＋谓单Of＋Of＋分数/百分数eg:Fortypercentofthework____beendone.（have） theworks____beenpublished.(have)Mostofthefood____fittoeat.(be) theapples____24.A/the+单名and名单指一个人+谓单 指两个人+谓复eg:Thewriterandteacher___coming.(be) Thewriterandtheteacher____coming.(be) Themanandwoman_____coming.(be)25.what,who,which,such常与其后名词作表语一致。eg:Whatyousaid___ofgreatimportance.(be)Whatyouleft____onlyseveraloldbooks.(be) Such____ourplan.(be) Such_____hiswords.(be)26.oneofthe+名复+谓单 oneofthe+名复+定语从句+谓复 the(only/very)oneofthe+名复+定语从句+谓单eg:Heisoneoftheboyswho____helpedme.(have)Heisthe(only)oneoftheboyswho____helpedme.(haveOnlyoneofthestudentswho______(be)present______(be)tospeakatthemeeting.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwhoeveningdressA.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.haveworn27.no…but…与前一致名词/代词andnot…与前一致Not…but… 与后一致seenthefilm.(have)seenthefilm.(have)Jackandnotwe____Notonebutwe____28.population单复数与表语一致。表整体用单数，表部分用复数。eg:ThepopulationofChina_____verylarge.（be）80percentofthepopulationofChina______farmers.（be）29.Thenumberof+复数+谓单Anumberof+复数+谓复eg:Anumberofrooms____onsale.(be) Thenumberoftherooms____20.(be)30.alargequantityof+名单+谓单 名复+谓复/单largequantitiesof+名单/复+谓复eg:Largequantitiesofmoney____spentonthebridge.(be)spentonthebridge.(be) Alargequantityofmoney____spentonthebridge.(be) Materials____31.anamountof+不可数名词+谓单Amountsof+不可数名词+谓复Alargeamountofmoney_____spentonbooks.(be)Largeamountsofmoney_____spentonbooks.(be)32.avarietyof+名复+V复 名单+V单Thevarietyof+名复+V单Varietiesof名单/复数+谓复eg:Agreatvarietyofflowers____shownthere.(be)There_____aconsiderablevarietyofopinion.(be)There_____severalvarietiesofredroses.(be)33.Anaverageof+名复+谓复theaverageof+名复+谓单eg:Anaverageof3students_____absenteachday.(be) Theaverageof14,3and1____16.(be)34.atotalof+名复+谓复Thetotalof名复+谓单eg:Atotalof300letters_____receivedlastmonth.(be) Thetotaloflettersreceivedlastmonth___300.(be)35.amajority/minorityof+名复+谓复Themajority/minority+谓单/复Themajority/minorityof+名复+谓单/复数Amajorityofpeople_____partinthesportsmeet.(take)Themajority______infavoroftheplan.(be)Themajorityofpopulation_______incities.(live)36.oneortwo+名复+谓复 a+名单ortwo+谓单 在倒装句中oneortwo+名复+谓单eg:Oneortwodays____enoughforthem.(be)Abookortwo___enough.(be)Insideeachfolder（卷宗）_____oneortwosheetsofinformation.(be)ItisnotJ.K.Rowlingbutherworksthatusexcited.A.makesB.ismadeC.makeD.aremade37.onein/outof/of+名复+谓单，但在新闻报道中在非正式文体中也可用复数。eg:Oneoutoftwenty_____badlydamaged.(be)38.all作主语，若指人，谓语用复数；若指物，谓语用单数。All____present.(be)All____goingonverywell.(be)Allthatshouldbedone___beendone.(have)39.a/thiskind/sort/type/formof+复数名词all/manykinds/sorts/types/formsof+复数名词谓语由of前名词决定复数名词+thiskind/sort/type/formThisnewtypeofbuses_____nowonshow.(be)Busesofthistype_____onshow.(be)Allkindsofdifficulties_____tobeovercome.(have)活学活用：Mathematics_____thelanguageofscience.(be)Manyastudent______English.(love)There_____manybooksandapenonthedesk.(be)Morethanoneexample______necessarytomakethestudentsunderstandthisruleclearly.(be)NobodybutJane_____thesecret.(know)Noboyandnogirl____admitted.(be)Onthebed___apairofsocks.(be)ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,____workingontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.(be)Threeglassesofwater____whatIwant.(be)Thosekindsoffruit_____cheap.(be)Booksofthiskind_____well.(sell)NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.(be)Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______yet.(decide)TwothirdsofTom’sfriends____(be)poorandtwothirdsofhismoney____(go)tothesepoorfriends.ItisIwho____yourtruefriend.(be)Inthedarkforests_____manylakes.(lie)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_____eachyear.A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwash