湖南省湖南师范大学附属高阳学校2021-2022学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题Word版含解析

2021-2022学年湖南省永州市冷水滩区湖南师范大学附属高阳学校高二上学期第一次月考英语试题满分：150分时量：120分钟注意事项：1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheman?A.Adoctor.B.Alawyer.C.Ateacher.2.Whatwillthewomanhavetodo?A.Returnthetapetotheman.B.Keepthetapeforanotherweek.C.Borrowataperecordertomorrow.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Judyisagoodstudent.B.Judyisverypoorinherlessons.C.Judyshouldfocusonherstudy.4.Whatdoesthethieflooklike?A.Mediumheight,withayellowT-shirt.B.Quiteshort,withlongblackhair.C.Verytall,withlongyellowhair.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inameetingroom.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至第8题。6.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Studentandteacher.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.7.Whydoesn’tthemanstayintheofficeoften?A.Becausehefindsittoonoisy.B.Becausehe’stoobusywithhiscourse.C.BecauseJackishardtogetalongwith.8.WhatdoesStansuggesttheydo?A.Movetoanotheroffice.B.Askforameetingroom.C.TalktoJack’sstudentsopenly.听第7段材料，回答第9、10题。9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheismuchthinnerthanlastyear.B.Sheisalittlefatterthanlastyear.C.Shelikesthereddressverymuch.10.Howoftendoesthewomanplantogotothegym?A.Everyday.B.Everytwodays.C.Everyweek.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoestheladywanttofindout?A.What’son.B.What’swrong.C.What’sup.12Howlongdoestheafternoonperformancelast?A.120minutes.B.150minutes.C.165minutes.13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanmightbeavisitortothecity.B.Allchildrenunder7aren’tallowedtoenter.C.Anyticketsarehalfprice30minutesbeforetheperformance.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whousedtoliveintheroom?A.Thewoman.B.Thewoman’sson.C.Thewoman’shusband.15.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheroom?A.Itisaniceroombutnotsoquiet.B.Itisagoodplacebuttherentisabithigh.C.Itisjustthekindofroomheisinterestedin.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Tomoveinassoonaspossible.B.Tocomeagainthenextmorning.C.Topayher80dollarsinadvance.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatcanbefoundontheannouncementboardinthelocalstores?A.Somefunnystories.B.Someserviceinformation.C.Someentertainmentnews.18.WhatcanwedobyusingtheCraigslistsite?A.Watchmovies.B.Playcomputergames.C.Dosomeshoppingonline.19.Whatdoeslookingforajobrequireaccordingtothetalk?A.Knowingwhatkindofjobiseasy.B.Knowingwhatjobpaysthemostmoney.C.Knowingwhatkindofworkyouwanttodo.20.Howmanywaysoffindingajobarementionedinthetalk?ALessthanthree.B.Three.C.Morethanthree.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestYoungAdultandChildren，sBooksoftheYearThePoetX,ElizabethAcevedo.Astenth-graderXiomaraBatista，srelationshipwithherfamilyandherownbodygrowmorecomplex,Xiomarachannelsherenergyintopoetrytomakeherselffeelheard.Toldthroughthosepoems,ThePoetXpo-theNationalBookAwardwinnerforyoungpeople'sliterature—vividlydetailsayoungperson’sdiscoveryofherownpowerandhergrowingabilitytoshareit.'、DariustheGreatIsNotOkay,AdibKhorramThisnoveltellsthestoryofDariusKellner,ahighschoolstudentwhocan’tfindhisplaceinAmericaorIran.InPortland,he’sstrugglingsociallyandthinksheisadisappointmenttohisfather.InIran,hefacesharsh（苛刻）judgementfromrelatives.Khorranicaptures（记录）theinsecuritiesofbeingateenagerthroughDarius,wholearnsthatsometimeshandlingwhat'suncomfortableiswhathelpsusgrow.HarborMe,JacquelineWoodson',Sixmiddleschoolstudentssharearoomonceaweek—ARoomtoTalk.Thissafespaceallowsthemtofreelyexpresswhat'sontheirminds.Inthenovel,Woodsonusesthesesixstudents'storiestoshowhowimportantitistoteachkidstosupportoneanother.Love,MattdelaPenaWhatislove?ToMattdelaPena,itisexperiencedinthelittlemomentsofeveryday—walkingoutsideasubwaystation,watchingyourgrandfatherashefishes...AccompaniedbyLorenLong'sattractivepictures,thisbook,alsoavailableinSpanish,celebrateshowloveexistsintheordinaryandwhyweshouldtreasuremoments,bigandsmall,withthepeopleinourlives.1.WhichauthorwontheNationalBookAward?A.AdibKhorram B.MattdelaPenaCElizabethAcevedo D.JacquelineWoodson2.WhatcanweknowaboutDariusKellner?A.Hepreferstowritepoems.B.HelivesahappylifeinPortland.C.Hegetsalongwellwithhisrelatives.D.Heseesdiscomfortinapositiveway.3.WhichbookhasaSpanishversion?A.Love. B.HarborMe.C.ThePoetX. D.DariustheGreatIsNotOkay.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本成人和儿童年度畅销书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Toldthroughthosepoems,ThePoetXpo-theNationalBookAwardwinnerforyoungpeople'sliterature...（通过这些诗歌，《诗人博览》——国家图书奖青年文学奖得主……）”可知，获得国家图书奖的是ThePoetXpo，作者是ElizabethAcevedo，故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“...Darius,wholearnsthatsometimeshandlingwhat'suncomfortableiswhathelpsusgrow.”(Darius意识到有时候处理令人不愉快的事是在帮助我们成长。)可知，DariusKellner是以积极的态度对待生活中的令人不愉快的事情。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“...thisbook,alsoavailableinSpanish,”(这本书也可以购买到西班牙版本）可知，Love这本书也有西班牙语版本。故选A项。BIheardmanyparentscomplainingthattheirteenagechildrenarerebelling(叛逆).Isuggestedtheyrecalltheirownteenageyears.Atthatagetheywouldliketobegrowingawayfromparents.Theypreferredtostandontheirowntwofeet.Buttakeagoodlookatthepresentrebellion.Itseemsthatteenagersaretakingthesamewayofshowingthattheydisagreewiththeirparents.Insteadofgoingoutfightingbravelyontheirown,mostofthemareclutching(紧握)atoneanother’shandsforreassurance.Theydeclaretheywanttodressastheylike.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Butsomehowtheyallendupgatheringaroundlisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonforthinkingoractinginasimilarwayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.Theyhavecomeoutoftheircocoon(蚕茧)intoalargercocoon.Ithasbecomeharderandharderforateenagertostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandtogohisorherownway.Industryhasfirmlycarvedoutateenagemarket.Thesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromtheadvertisementswhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.Andmanyoftoday’sparentshavecometoawardhighmarksforthepopularityoftheirchildren.Allthiscreateagreatbarrierfortheteenagerwhowantstofindhisorherownpath.Butthebarrierisworthclimbingover.Thepathisworthfollowing.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Youmayhavesomethoughtsthatyoudon’tcaretoshareatoncewithyourclassmates.Well,goforit.Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhoyouare.Thatistheonlykindofpopularitythatreallymatters.4.Thispassageisaimedat_______.A.peoplewhotrytounderstandandrespecteachotherB.readerswhotrytobepopularwithpeoplearoundC.parentswhotrytocontrolandguidetheirchildrenD.teenagerswhotrytoseekfortheirrealselves5.Theauthordoesn’tpreferrebellingteenagers_______.A.walkinganewwayontheirownB.alwaysturningtofriendsforhelpC.growingawayfromparentsD.followingothersblindly6.Thephrase“largercocoon”attheendofthesecondparagraphrefersto_______.A.thecareandlovefromparentsB.thepopulartrendinthesocietyC.thepresentteenagemarketD.thefantasticmusicworld7.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmighthappenwhenateenagerfollowshis/herownpath?A.He/Shegetslargercollection.B.He/Shegainsvaluablepopularity.C.He/Shesharesfreshthoughtswithclassmates.D.He/Shelosesgoodfriends.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.B【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章对当前青少年的心理及行为加以剖析，强调青少年应发现自己，做自己要学会如何自己决定事情。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Well,goforit.Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhoyouare.Thatistheonlykindofpopularitythatreallymatters.(去吧。找到你自己。做自己。受欢迎度就会随着尊重你是谁的人一起来到。那是唯一一种真正重要的流行度)”可推断这篇文章针对的是努力寻找真正自己的青少年。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Theydeclaretheywanttodressastheylike.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Butsomehowtheyallendupgatheringaroundlisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonforthinkingoractinginasimilarwayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.(他们宣称自己想穿什么就穿什么。但他们都穿同样的衣服。在音乐方面他们向新方向发展。但不知怎么的，他们最终都聚集在一起听同一张唱片。他们以类似的方式思考或行动的原因是，人群也在这样做)”可推断，作者不赞成叛逆的青少年盲目追随他人。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Theydeclaretheywanttodressastheylike.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Butsomehowtheyallendupgatheringaroundlisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonforthinkingoractinginasimilarwayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.(他们宣称自己想穿什么就穿什么。但他们都穿同样的衣服。在音乐方面他们向新方向发展。但不知怎么的，他们最终都聚集在一起听同一张唱片。他们以类似的方式思考或行动的原因是，人群也在这样做)”可推断，青少年走出他们的茧，却进入更大的茧，此处更大的茧指代随波逐流，社会的流行趋势，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Well,goforit.Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhoyouare.Thatistheonlykindofpopularitythatreallymatters.(去吧。找到你自己。做自己。受欢迎度就会随着尊重你是谁的人一起来到。那是唯一一种真正重要的流行度)”可推断，作者认为，当青少年走自己的路时，他或者她会获得珍贵的受欢迎度。故选B。CIgrewupinasmallvillage,whereIsawgirlsagedfiveorsix,carryingyoungersiblings,andbeggingonthestreetsforfood.Theyweredirty,andworeclothesthatwerelittlemorethanrags.Iwondered,whytheirparentswouldnotgivethemenoughtoeat,tillIwastoldthattheirparentsprobablygavethemalltheyhad,andwenthungrythemselves.Theylivedinhovels,andoftenwhiletheolderchildrenbegged,theyoungeroneswereasleepontheroadside.AsIgrewup,andleftthevillagetopursuemystudiesinabiggertown,theseimagesstayedwithme.However,tomydismay,Ifoundthatthereweremoresuchbeggarsthere,thanIhadseeninmyvillage.Itstruckmethen,thatIlivedinapoorcountrywherepovertywasacursesufferedbylargenumbersofthepopulation.Itwasatthisstageofmylife,thatImadeupmymindtodomybittoeasethepainofthesepoor,unfortunatepeople.MyparentswerehappytoseethatIfeltsomuchsympathyforthoselessfortunatethanme,andencouragedmetodosmallthingslikeofferingfood,sweetsorclothestopoorpeoplenearbyonmybirthday,insteadofhavingapartyformyfriends.Fortunately,myschooltoowasattheforefrontofsocialwork,involvingeducatingthosewhodidnothavethemeanstogotoaproperschool.Westudents,weretakentonearbyruralareas,tostaywiththevillagersandunderstandtheirproblems.Wealsosometimeshelpedtheyoungerchildrenwiththeirhomework,andencouragedthemnevertostoptheirschooling,becausemanychildrenareforcedtostopgoingtoschool,andinsteadhelptheirparentsoutinsmalljobs.AsIgraduatedfromhighschool,Irealizedthatthemeanstoendpovertywaseducation.Ifoundthatpoorchildrenwerelesshealthy,andmorepronetodiseasethantheirpeersinmoreadvantagedhomes.8.Atfirsttheauthormaybelievetheparentsofthepoorkidsare________.A.lessfortunate B.crueltolittlechildrenC.toobusywiththeirwork D.livingbadlyoff9.Fromthepassagewecanconcludetheauthoris________.A.hard—workinganddetermined B.regretfulanddisappointedC.well---educatedandoptimistic D.mercifulandwarmhearted10.Whichisthebestwaytoeradicatepoverty?A.InvestmenttoboosteconomyB.SocialworkbythegovernmentofficialsC.CompulsoryeducationforallchildrenD.Urbanizationofallruralareas11.Whatdoestheauthor’sschooldoforthosewhocannotcontinuewiththeirschooling?A.Itplaysanactivepartineducatingthosedropped--outkids.B.Itencouragesthestudentstodosurveysinthecountryside.C.Iturgesthegovernmenttopromoteeducation.D.Itoffersfoodandclothestopoorpeopleinruralareas.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己小时候的经历，得出结论：贫穷家庭的孩子比富裕家庭的同龄人更不健康，更容易生病。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Iwondered,whytheirparentswouldnotgivethemenoughtoeat,tillIwastoldthattheirparentsprobablygavethemalltheyhad”（我很奇怪，为什么他们的父母不给他们足够的食物，直到我被告知他们的父母可能把他们所有的东西都给了他们）可知，作者最初认为贫穷孩子的父母对孩子缺乏温情。故选B。2.推理判断题。根据第二段“Itwasatthisstageofmylife,thatImadeupmymindtodomybittoeasethepainofthesepoor,unfortunatepeople.”（正是在我生命的这个阶段，我决定尽自己的一份力量来减轻这些可怜的、不幸的人们的痛苦）可以推断作者对贫困孩子充满同情心，并且愿意尽自己绵薄之力帮助可怜的孩子们。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据第二段“AsIgraduatedfromhighschool,Irealizedthatthemeanstoendpovertywaseducation.Ifoundthatpoorchildrenwerelesshealthy,andmorepronetodiseasethantheirpeersinmoreadvantagedhomes.”（当我高中毕业时，我意识到结束贫困的手段就是教育。我发现，贫穷家庭的孩子比富裕家庭的同龄人更不健康，更容易生病）可知，作者认为只有通过教育的普及才能切断贫困的代际传播。故选C。4.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Fortunately,myschooltoowasattheforefrontofsocialwork,involvingeducatingthosewhodidnothavethemeanstogotoaproperschool.”（幸运的是，我的学校也在社会工作的前线，包括教育那些没有能力去正规学校的人）可知，作者所在的学校在教育那些辍学的孩子方面起着积极的作用。故选A。DOrvilleWrightwasbornonAugust19,1871inDayton,Ohio,USAanddiedonJanuary30,1948.Togetherwithhisbrother,Wilbur,hewasthefirstairplanebuilder.Thebrotherscreatedthefirstcontrolled,poweredandheavier-than-airhumanflight.HisparentswereMiltonWrightandSusanCatherineKoernerandbesidesthetwofamousbrotherstheyhadfivechildren.Onedayafteratriphisfatherbroughtasagiftasmallhelicopter.Thekidsloveditandastheyplayeddailywithitafterawhileitbroke.Thebrothersmanagedtocreateanewone.WrightevenletgohisplansofattendingYale.Hespenthistimehelpinghisillmotherandreadinginhisfather’slibrary.In1884thefamilydecidedtomovetoDaytonandtheyremainedthereuntilthe1870’s.AprintingpresswasbuiltbythetwoandWilburwasaneditor.In1892theystartedbeingfascinatedbytheaeronautical(航空的)eventsofthattime.ThentheystartedtocreateanairplaneandWilburwasconsideredtheheadoftheteam.Theyweretheinventorsof“threeaxis-control”,whichpermittedthepilottosteertheaircraft’sbalance.In1900theyhadtheirfirstattemptstomakeafunctionalglider(滑翔机)---ofcourseitdidn’thaveapilot.Afterthreeyearstheythoughtofintroducinganenginetotheglider.Atfirst,theirpatent(专利)applicationwasrefusedin1903,butafteroneyearitwasaccepted.Orville’sfirstflightlasted12secondsandhad36.5meters.HewasresponsiblewiththepublicshowsnearWashingtonintheUnitedStates.OnSeptember9,1908hisflightwas62minutesand15secondslongandthesuccesswashuge.12.WhatmightmakeWrightbrothersinterestedintheplane?A.Thepleasanttrip B.Catherine’seducationC.Thepoliticalevents. D.Theirfather’sgift.13.Wrightdidn’tgotoYaleprobablybecause.A.hehadtocreateaplaneB.hedidn’thaveenoughmoneyC.hewouldliketolearnbyhimselfD.hismotheraskedhimtostayathome[14.Theunderlinedword“steer”(inParagraph3)probablymeans.A.keep B.drive C.learn D.enjoy15.Thispassagetellsusabout.A.theplane’shistory B.MiltonandhischildrenC.OrvilleWright’slife D.thedevelopmentofscience【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了OrvilleWright生平事迹及对人类进步作出的巨大贡献。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Onedayafteratriphisfatherbroughtasagiftasmallhelicopter.Thekidsloveditandastheyplayeddailywithitafterawhileitbroke.Thebrothersmanagedtocreateanewone.（一天，他的父亲在一次旅行后，带了一架小直升机作为礼物。孩子们喜欢它，当他们每天玩它的时候，不一会儿它就坏了。兄弟俩设法创造了一个新的。）”可知，是由于父亲买的飞机模型礼物使他们对飞机产生了兴趣。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thebrothersmanagedtocreateanewone.WrightevenletgohisplansofattendingYale.Hespenthistimehelpinghisillmotherandreadinginhisfather’slibrary.（兄弟俩设法创造了一个新的。Wright甚至放弃了上耶鲁大学的计划。他把时间花在帮助生病的母亲和在父亲的图书馆读书上。）”可知，Wright因为制造飞机而没有去Yale上学。故选A。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Theyweretheinventorsof“threeaxis-control”（他们是“三轴控制”的发明者）”可知，此处指三轴控制的发明使飞行员更好地控制飞机的平衡，steer“控制”与A项同义，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“OrvilleWrightwasbornonAugust19,1871inDayton,Ohio,USAanddiedonJanuary30,1948.Togetherwithhisbrother,Wilbur,hewasthefirstairplanebuilder.Thebrotherscreatedthefirstcontrolled,poweredandheavier-than-airhumanflight.（OrvilleWright于1871年8月19日出生在美国俄亥俄州代顿市，1948第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Scientistsand

spiritual

teachersalikeagreethatthesimpleactofsmilingcantransformyouandtheworldaroundyou.Itcanmakeusappearmoreattractivetoothers.___16___Sobeforeyoureadon,slapanice,genuinesmileonthatfaceofyours.HowSmilingAffectsYourBrainTheactofsmilingactivates

neural

messagingthatbenefitsyourhealthand

happiness.Forstarters,smilingactivatesthereleaseofneuropeptides(神经肽)thatworktowardfightingoff

stress.Thefeel-goodneurotransmitters(神经介质)areallreleasedwhenasmileflashesacrossyourfaceaswell.___17___HowSmilingAffectsYourBodyYou’reactuallybetter-lookingwhenyousmile.AstudypublishedinthejournalNeuropsychologiareportedthatseeinganattractive,smilingfaceactivatestheregioninyourbrainthatprocessessensoryrewards.___18___Italsoexplainsthe2011findingsbyresearchersattheFaceResearchLaboratory.Theyfoundthatbothmenandwomenweremoreattractedtoimagesofpeoplewhomadeeyecontactandsmiledthanthosewhodidnot.___19___Didyouknowthatyoursmileisactuallycontagious(传染性的)?InaSwedishstudy,subjectswereshownpicturesofseveralemotions:joy,

angerandsurprise.Whenthepictureofsomeonesmilingwaspresented,theresearchersaskedthesubjectstofrown.Instead,theyfoundthatthefacialexpressionswentdirectlytowhatsubjectssaw.___20___Iftheydon’t,they’remakingaconsciouseffortnotto.A.HowSmilingAffectsThoseAroundYouB.Eachtimeyousmile,youthrowalittlefeel-goodpartyinyourbrain.C.Soifyou’resmilingatsomeone,it’slikelytheycan’thelpbutsmileback.D.Anditcanevenlengthenourlives.E.HowSmilingAffectsYourFacialExpressionsF.Theynotonlyrelaxyourbody,butalso

loweryourheartrateandbloodpressure.G.Thissuggeststhatwhenyouviewapersonsmilingyouactuallyfeelrewarded.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了微笑给人们带来的好处以及影响。【16题详解】上文“Scientistsandspiritualteachersalikeagreethatthesimpleactofsmilingcantransformyouandtheworldaroundyou.Itcanmakeusappearmoreattractivetoothers.(科学家和精神导师都同意微笑这个简单的动作可以改变你和你周围的世界。它可以让我们在别人面前显得更有吸引力。)”说明微笑能够给人们带来许多好处，选项D“并且它甚至可以延长我们的生命。”承接上文，继续介绍微笑给人们带来的好处。选项中It代指上文中thesimpleactofsmiling，语义通顺。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Thefeel-goodneurotransmittersareallreleasedwhenasmileflashesacrossyourfaceaswell.(当你脸上闪过微笑时，感觉良好的神经介质也会全部释放出来。)”说明微笑能够释放良好的神经介质，选项F“它们不仅能放松你的身体，还能降低你的心率和血压。”承接上文，具体介绍感觉良好的神经介质的有利作用，选项中They代指前文Thefeel-goodneurotransmitters，语义通顺。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“AstudypublishedinthejournalNeuropsychologiareportedthatseeinganattractive,smilingfaceactivatestheregioninyourbrainthatprocessessensoryrewards.(发表在《神经心理学》杂志上的一项研究报告称，看到迷人的微笑面孔会激活大脑中处理感官奖励的区域。)”说明看到微笑的人的大脑某区域会被激活，选项G“这表明，当你看到一个人微笑时，你实际上感到得到了回报。”承接上文，对上文进行解释说明。选项中whenyouviewapersonsmiling和上文中seeinganattractive,smilingface语义相关。故选G项。【19题详解】下文“Didyouknowthatyoursmileisactuallycontagious?(你知道你的微笑是会传染的吗?)”说明本段主题讲的是，微笑是可以传染的，选项A“微笑如何影响你周围的人”和本段主题密切相关，适合做小标题。选项中AffectsThoseAroundYou和下文中contagious语义相关。故选A项。【20题详解】上文“Whenthepictureofsomeonesmilingwaspresented,theresearchersaskedthesubjectstofrown.Instead,theyfoundthatthefacialexpressionswentdirectlytowhatsubjectssaw.(当看到某人微笑的照片时，研究人员要求受试者皱眉。相反，他们发现面部表情直接与被试所看到的东西联系在一起。)”以及本段主题说明了微笑具有传染性，当看到某人微笑时，人们的面部表情就和微笑联系在一起，选项C“所以，如果你对某人微笑，他们很可能也会忍不住对你微笑。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选C项。第三部分、语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）TherearetoomanyfatpeopleinAmerica,somanyAmericansarefightingagainstoverweight.Butthe____21____thingisthattheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,tendtostaythin.Nowa____22____byCornellUniversitysuggests____23____lifestyleanddecisionsabout____24____mayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludedthattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeel____25____.However,Americanstendtostopwhentheir____26____areemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover.AccordingtoDr.JosephMercola,ahealthexpert,theFrenchseeeating____27____animportantpartoftheirlifestyle.Theyenjoyfoodandthereforespenda____28____timeatthetable,whileAmericansseeeatingasanythingtobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericans____29____theabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyfull.SotheykeepeatinglongaftertheFrenchwouldhavestopped.Inaddition,hepointsoutthatAmericansdrivetohugesupermarketstobuycannedand____30____foodsfortheweek.TheFrench,____31____tendtoshopdaily,walkingtosmallshopsandfarmers'marketswheretheyhaveachoiceoffreshfruits,vegetables,andeggsaswellashigh-qualitymeatsforeachmeal.AfteravisittotheUnitedStates,Mireilleguiliano,authorofFrenchWomenDon'tGetFat,decidedto____32____abouttheimportanceofknowingwhentostopratherthansuggestinghowtoavoid____33____.Todayshecontinuedtostayslimandrarelygoestothegym.Inspiteofallthesedifferences,evidenceshowsthatrecentlifestyle____34____maybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity(肥胖)—orextremeoverweight—amongadultsisonly6%.However,asAmericanfastfoodgains____35____andtheyoungrejectoldertraditions,theobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%—andisgrowing.21.A.formal B.strange C.natural D.modern22.A.novel B.research C.strategy D.newspaper23.A.that B.what C.how D.when24.A.working B.living C.eating D.studying25.A.sensitive B.full C.happy D.annoyed26.A.pockets B.refrigerators C.houses D.plates27.A.as B.into C.inside D.to28.A.fairlylong B.fairlyshort C.veryexciting D.ratherfast29.A.bring B.lose C.get D.receive30.A.frozen B.cool C.warm D.hot31.A.therefore B.instead C.however D.merely32.A.write B.read C.speak D.think33.A.fruit B.oil C.food D.egg34.A.examples B.changes C.designs D.stories35.A.failure B.success C.confidence D.acceptance【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.C25.B26.D27.A28.A29.B30.A31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要结合学者研究结果，介绍了“同吃油腻食品，美国人肥胖率极高而法国人则不然”这一奇怪的现象及其背后的原因，并就未来的变化做出讨论、预测。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但奇怪的是，吃油腻食品的法国人却能继续保持瘦（的身材）。A.formal正常的；B.strange奇怪的；C.natural自然的；D.modern现代的。结合上一句（全文首句）及生活常识，美国人喜欢吃油腻食品，肥胖率也很高，而这事到了法国人身上却不成立，很“奇怪”，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，一个由康奈尔大学开展的研究揭示了生活方式和对于饮食的选择是如何影响体重的。A.novel小说；B.research研究；C.strategy策略；D.newspaper报纸。由大学开展的，能揭示科学规律的活动应是“研究”，同时，根据下一句句首的researchers提示，也可得出B为正确选项，故选B。【23题详解】考查宾语从句连接词辨析。句意：现在，康奈尔大学的一项研究表明，生活方式和饮食决定可能会影响体重。A.that可引导陈述句宾语从句，此时无实义；B.what什么，是什么；C.how怎样，如何；D.when什么时候，……的时间。这里讲的是生活方式和饮食选择这两个因素对于体重的影响，它们是“如何”影响体重的，所以选项表示方式的连接副词。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.working工作；B.living生活；C.eating饮食；D.studying学习。根据后文“tendtostopeating”可知，此处指对于饮食做出的决定。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员得出结论，当法国人感到饱的时候，他们就会倾向于停止饮食。A.sensitive敏感的；B.full饱的；C.happy开心的；D.annoyed生气的。根据“theFrenchtendtostopeating”可知，当法国人感到饱的时候，他们就会倾向于停止饮食，故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有当美国人发现盘子空了或者最喜欢的电视节目结束了的时候，他们才会停止饮食。A.pockets口袋；B.refrigerators冰箱；C.houses房子；D.plates盘子。结合语境，这里是进行美国人和法国人的对比，法国人会主观上“感到饱了”并停止饮食，而美国人则更像“无意识地，心不在焉地”不停吃吃吃，只有外部客观条件才会迫使他们停下来，这里的客观条件之一是“盘子空了”，故选D。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：按照健康专家JosephMercola教授的看法，法国人把饮食视作生活格调的重要一部分。A.as作为，当作；B.into到……里面（强调动态过程）；C.inside在里面，在内部；D.to到，向。这里讲的是法国人把饮食视作（当作）生活的重要一部分，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：他们享受食物，也因此在餐桌上花了相当长的时间，然而美国人把吃饭视作一件要在其他日常活动中挤出时间（来完成）的事。A.fairlylong相当长的；B.fairlyshort相当短的；C.veryexciting十分刺激的；D.ratherfast相当快的。根据“Theyenjoyfood”可知，法国人是把吃饭当做享受的，因此在餐桌上花的时间也是相当长的(慢慢品味、享受)，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercola认为美国人失去了在他们确实饱了的时候感知的能力。A.bring带来；B.lose失去；C.get得到；D.receive收到。结合上下文语境，专家认为美国人“不知饱”，盘子空了亦或是电视节目结束了才知道停下，因此这里说他们失去了感知能力，故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他指出，美国人会开车去大型商超买罐头和冷冻食品（储存起来）作为未来一周的食物。A.frozen冷冻的；B.cool酷的，凉爽的；C.warm温暖的；D.hot热的。根据“foodsfortheweek”可知，去超市买的、用于储存到周中可以吃的食品即是那些罐头食品、冷冻食品，故选A。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：法国人则相反，他们倾向于日常出去购物，走去小商店或者农贸市场，在这些地方，他们为每顿饭选购新鲜的水果、蔬菜、鸡蛋和高质量的肉类。A.therefore因此；B.instead相反，反而；C.however然而，但是；D.merely仅仅是，只不过。结合上下文，此处是指美国人和法国人购物习惯相反，B、C意义上都符合，但however表转折关系，解释为“然而，但是”的义项时，其后一定要加上逗号，排除C项，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：《法国女人不会变胖》一书的作者米雷莱·朱利安诺访问过美国后，决定写一篇关于知道什么时候停止进食的重要性的文章，而不是建议如何避免进食。A.write写；B.read读；C.speak说；D.think想。由前文中的“authorofFrenchWomenDon’tGetfat”可知，MireilleGuiliano是一位作家，所以她决定写关于知道何时停止吃东西的重要性。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.fruit水果；B.oil油；C.food食物；D.egg鸡蛋。MireilleGuiliano决定写关于知道何时停止吃东西的重要性而不是建议人们如何避免吃某些食物。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管存在这些差异，但有证据表明，最近生活方式的改变可能正在影响法国人的饮食习惯。A.examples例子；B.changes改变；C.designs设计；D.stories故事。下文提到快餐正被法国人认可、接受，法国儿童肥胖率正急剧上升，这是一种变化。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着美国快餐逐渐被人们接受，年轻人开始摒弃传统，法国儿童的肥胖率已经达到了17%，而且还在增长。A.failure失败；B.success成功；C.confidence自信；D.acceptance接受。由下文的“theyoungrejectoldertraditions”可知，法国的年轻人拒绝传统食物，由此可知，他们越来越接受美国的快餐。故选D。第二节、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）根据文中上下文及所给的首字母，写出各单词的正确、完全形式。Acruiseship____36____(carry)456peoplecapsized(翻)ontheYangtzeRiverinChina'sHubeiprovince.Officialssaysofaronly15people____37____(survive).____38____isreportedthattheshipsankwithinafew____39____(minute),whilemanypeoplewereasleep.Mostofthose____40____boardweretouristsagedbetween50and80travellingfromtheeasterncityofNanjingtoChongqing.Thereisnodoubt____41____forsomeofthoseontheEasternStaritwouldhavebeenthetripofalifetime.Onesurvivor,____42____tourguidesaidtheshipbegantoshake____43____(violent)andcapsizedallofasudden.A65-year-oldwomanwasamongthose____44____(save)fromtheshipbybravedivers.Shesaidshetriedtoholdonto_____45_____shecouldfindtokeepherheadabovewaterinthedarknessuntildiverscametoherrescue.【答案】36.carrying37.havesurvived38.It39.minutes40.on41.that42.a43.violently44.saved45.what【解析】【分析】