热点33外卖与食物储存安全等(解析)备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读题型专练(全国通用)

备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练热点33外卖与食物储存平安等一、阅读理解1Wheredoesyourfoodcomefrom?Howisitmade?Thesedays,manypeopleworryaboutfoodsafety.Butfoodsafetyisnotanewworry.In1906,UptonSinclair(辛克莱，美国作家)wrotetheJungle.ThebookisthestoryofapoorfamilyinChicago.Itisalsoaboutthedangerouswaysthatfoodwasprepared.PeopleweresoworriedthattheU.S.startedtestingfood.Thesedays,mostfoodintheworldissafe.Lawscontrolwherefoodcomesfrom.Theyalsocontrolhowfoodismanagedandprepared.Lawsareimportant.Butit’smoreimportanttomakesuretherulesarefollowed.Agoodfoodsafetysystem(系统)keepspeoplesafe.Italsohelpsthemeathealthyfood.Labels(标签)onfoodgivepeopleimportantinformation.Thentheycanmakegoodchoicesabouttheirfood.Althoughfoodsafetysystemsusuallywork,therecanbeproblems.Sometimesmistakesaremade.Forexample,atruckmightcarryeggsandthenicecream.Theicecreamcouldmakepeoplesickwhenthetruckisn’tcleanedbeforecarryingit.Otherproblemsarenotmistakes.Sometimescompaniesbreakrulestomakemoremoney.Whenthishappens,peopledon’tknowiftheirfoodissafe.Asweallknow,foodiscloselyconnectedtoourdailylife.Weshouldtakeactionstomakefoodsafer！1.WhydidtheUSstarttestingthefood?A.Becausefoodsafetyisnotanewworry. B.Becausefoodwaspreparedindangerousways.C.Becausethepeopleweresoworried. D.Becausemostfoodintheworldisn’tsafe.2.Whatcanpeopledoafterreadingtheinformationonfoodlabels?A.Theycancontrolhowfoodisprepared. B.Theycankeepfoodsafe.C.Theycaneathealthyfood. D.Theycanmakegoodchoicesaboutfood.3.Whencouldicecreammakepeoplesickintheexample?A.Whenthetruckcarrieseggs. B.Whenthetruckiscleanedaftercarryingeggs.C.Whenthetruckisn’tcleanedbeforecarryingit. D.Whenthetruckisn’tcleanedaftercarryingit.4.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Foodsafetysystemsusuallywork,buttherecanbemistakes.B.Theicecreamcouldmakepeoplesickwhenthetruckisn’tcleaned.C.Sometimescompaniesbreakrulestomakemoremoney.D.Althoughfoodsafetysystemsusuallywork,therecanbeproblems.5.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Food. B.Foodsafety. C.Foodproblems. D.Testingfood.【答案】1.C2.D3.C4.D5.B【解析】这篇文章主要讲的是食品平安.食品平安并非新鲜事，很早以前就有了.在1906年，UptonSinclair写了一本书theJungle〔雨林〕，书里的故事是关于一个在芝加哥的家庭，也关于危险食品的制作.人们对食品平安感到担忧，因此美国开始食物检验。1.细节理解题。根据文章PeopleweresoworriedthattheU.S.startedtestingfood.可知，美国开始测试食物的原因是人们很担忧食品平安，应选C。2.细节理解题。根据文章Thentheycanmakegoodchoicesabouttheirfood.可知，食品标签上的信息能帮助人们更好的选择食物。应选D。3.细节理解题。根据文章Theicecreamcouldmakepeoplesickwhenthetruckisn’tcleanedbeforecarryingit.可知，如果卡车拉完鸡蛋后没有洗车，再拉冰淇淋就会让人生病。应选C。4.细节理解题。根据文章Althoughfoodsafetysystemsusuallywork,therecanbeproblems.可知，食品平安系统通常都是起作用的，但是有时也会出问题，应选D。5.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Thesedays,manypeopleworryaboutfoodsafety.可知，这篇文章主要讲的是食品平安。应选B。2Teenagersneedtoeatnutritious(有营养的)foodwhilethey’restillyoungsothattheywillgrowuptobehealthyadults.Therefore,itisnecessaryforschoolcafeterias(食堂)toprovidehealthyfood.Withthisinmind,thegovernmenthasintroducedanewfoodsafetyregulation(规定)thatwillimprovenutritionandhealthstandardsinschools.TheregulationtookeffectonApril1.Itrequiresthosewhoareinchargeofkindergartens,primaryandsecondaryschoolstoeatwithstudentsintheircafeterias.Schoolswillalsoberequiredtomakeinformationregardingfoodsourcesandsuppliers(供给商)public.Theregulationalsosuggeststhatparentsshouldeatwithstudentsatschoolinordertoprovideadviceonfoodsafetyandnutrition.Schoolsmustfindoutfoodsafetyproblemsandsolvetheminatimelymanner.Ifaschooliscaughtbuyinglow-qualityfoodorfailingtoreportfoodsafetyincidents(事件),thepeopleinchargeoftheschoolwillbewarned,firedorhandedovertolawenforcement(执法机关),theregulationsays.ParentsacrossChinahavebecomeincreasinglyangryaboutfoodsafetyincidentsinschools,accordingtoTheBeijingNews.ThemostrecentexampleoccurredinMarchattheChengduNo7HighDevelopmentSchool.Parentspostedvideosandphotosofmoldy(发霉的)foodthatwasservedintheschool’scafeteria,ChinaDailyreported.Theschool’sprincipalwaseventuallyfired.InOctober,theheadofaninternationalschoolinShanghaiwasfiredafterhealthandeducationauthoritiesfoundmoldytomatoesandonionsintheschoolskitchen.6.Thestoryismainlyaboutanewregulationabout________.A.students’eatinghabits B.schoolprincipalsC.foodsafetyinschools D.parent-teacherrelationships7.Thenewregulationrequiresschoolsto________.A.showthepublicwheretheirfoodcomesfromB.improvetheconditionsoftheircafeteriasC.allowteachersandstudentstoeattogetherD.buildmorethanonecafeteria8.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph3?A.Teenagersshouldgohometoeatmealseveryday.B.Parentsshouldplayapartinimprovingfoodsafetyinschools.C.Foodsafetyproblemscanbeeasilysolved.D.Parentsareangryaboutfoodsafetyincidentsinschools.9.FromtheexampleofChengduNo7HighDevelopmentSchool,wecanlearnthat________.A.thepunishmentforfoodsafetyviolationsisseriousB.schoolprincipalsnationwidearenotdoingtheirjobswellC.foodcangetmoldymoreeasilyinthesouththaninthenorthD.schoolcafeteriasoftenserverottenfoodtocuttheircosts【答案】6.C7.A8.B9.A【解析】本文介绍了新的食品平安条例。该条例于4月1日生效。它要求幼儿园、中小学的负责人和学生一起在食堂吃饭。学校也将被要求公开有关食物来源和供给商的信息。该规定还建议家长应与在校学生一起吃饭，以便就食品平安和营养提供建议。学校必须及时发现和解决食品平安问题。最后通过两个例子说明：对食品平安违法行为的处分是严重的。6.细节理解题。根据Withthisinmind,thegovernmenthasintroducedanewfoodsafetyregulation(规定)thatwillimprovenutritionandhealthstandardsinschools.有鉴于此，政府出台了一项新的食品平安条例〔规定〕，将改善学校的营养和健康标准。可知，本文主要是关于学校食品平安的新规定。应选C。7.细节理解题。根据Schoolswillalsoberequiredtomakeinformationregardingfoodsourcesandsuppliers(供给商)public.学校也将被要求公开有关食物来源和供给商的信息。可知，新规定要求学校向公众展示食物的来源。应选A。8.推理判断题。根据Theregulationalsosuggeststhatparentsshouldeatwithstudentsatschoolinordertoprovideadviceonfoodsafetyandnutrition.该规定还建议家长应与在校学生一起吃饭，以便就食品平安和营养提供建议。可以推测，这一段要求家长应该在改善学校食品平安方面发挥作用。应选B。9.推理判断题。根据ThemostrecentexampleoccurredinMarchattheChengduNo7HighDevelopmentSchool.Parentspostedvideosandphotosofmoldy(发霉的)foodthatwasservedintheschool’scafeteria,ChinaDailyreported.最新的例子发生在3月份的成都第七中学。据?中国日报?报道，家长在学校食堂贴出发霉食品的视频和照片。学校的校长最终被解雇了。可以推测，对食品平安违法行为的处分是严重的。应选A。3TeachersandheadmastersinChineseschoolsareaskedtoeatwithstudentsindiningroomsateverymeal.ThenewrulewascarriedoutonApril1,2021.AccordingtotheMinistryofEducation,theintroductionoftheruleisawayofmakingsureofthesafety,nutritionandhealthlevelsofschoolfood.Schoolleadersfromkindergartenstohighschoolsshouldgettogetherwithstudentsduringschoolmeals.Theplanwillguidethemtopaymoreattentiontofoodsafetyatschool.Thismovecameafteralistofschoolfoodsafetyproblemsinthepastfewyears.InMarch,2021,moldy(发霉的)foodwasfoundinaprimaryschooldiningroominChengdu.Thenewsledtopeople’sworries.Parentsaskedtomakesureofschoolfoodsafety.Underthenewrule,schoolsareaskedtotellwherethefoodcomesfrom,whooffersitandotherinformation.Therulesaysschoolsshouldhelpstudentsgetintohealthyeatinghabits.Italsoinvitesparentstoeatwithstudentsatschooltomakethemlessworried.IntheUnitedStates,obesityrates(肥胖率)havekeptrisingoverthepastthirtyyears.ThenewlawintroducedbyMichelleObamahaspushedschoolstomakelow-calorie(卡路里)menus.Eventhehealthiestchoicesarecommonlyprovidedbylargefoodcompanies.SchoolsinJapanalsogivechildrenahomemademealforlunch.Thefoodisgrownlocallyandalmostisneverfrozen.Themealsareoftenmadebycooksfromthebeginning.Andthey’rebalancedbutheavyonrice,vegetablesandfish.10.ThepurposeofaskingteachersandheadmasterstoeatwithstudentsateverymealisEXCEPTmakingsureof________.A.students’foodsafety B.avoidingstudents’noiseC.thenutritionofschoolfood D.Thehealthlevelsofschoolfood11.Therulethatteachersandheadmasterseatwithstudentsateverymealismade________.A.becauseofanumberoffightsandargumentsamongsomestudentsB.becauseofalistofschoolfoodsafetyproblemsinthepastfewyearsC.becausealotofstudentsusuallyactagainstsomeschoolrulesD.becausealotofstudentsaretooyoungtotakecareofthemselves12.Theunderlinedword“it〞inParagraph4refersto“________〞.A.therule B.theinformationC.theschool D.thefood13.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Schoolrules. B.Schooleducation.C.Schoolfoodsafety. D.Schooleatingenvironment.【答案】10.B11.B12.D13.C【解析】本文主要介绍针对学校食品平安问题，学校采取的举措。以及其他国家学校的做法。10.细节理解题。根据第一段中…theintroductionoftheruleisawayofmakingsureofthesafety,nutritionandhealthlevelsofschoolfood可知，该规那么的实施是确保学校食品平安、营养和健康水平的一种方式，没提到防止学生的噪音。应选B。11.细节理解题。根据第三段中Thismovecameafteralistofschoolfoodsafetyproblemsinthepastfewyears.可知，这一举措是在过去几年学校食品平安问题出现后出台的。应选B。12.推理判断题。分析Underthenewrule,schoolsareaskedtotellwherethefoodcomesfrom,whooffersitandotherinformation.可知，根据新规定，学校被要求说出食物的来源、提供食物的人以及其他信息。所以推测it指的是其前的thefood。应选D。13.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍针对学校食品平安问题，学校采取的举措。以及其他国家学校的做法。所以本文主要讨论的是学校食品平安问题。应选C。4Ifyouboughtsomecandiesmonthsagobutneverateit,howcanyoutellwhetherit'sstilleatable?Theeasiestwayistocheckthe"expiration〔截止〕date〔EXP〕"printedonthecover.Ifthatdatehasalreadypassed,you'relikelytothrowthecandiesaway.Butisthatreallynecessary?AccordingtoanewreportfromtheNRDC,tonsoffoodiswastedeachyear,largelybecausepeopledon'tfullyunderstandwhatexpirationdates,or"use﹣bydates",actuallymean,sotheythinkthefoodisnotsafetoeat.Fooddatingwasintroducedin1975becausecustomerswantedmoreinformationaboutthethingsthattheywereeating.Whentheyfirstshowedup,use﹣bydatesonlyshowedfreshnessbecauseproducerswantedtheirproductstobetastedintheirbestconditions.However,mostcustomersmistakenlybelievedthatuse﹣bydatesshowedhowsafethefoodwas.Butthetruthisthatthesedatesaren'trelatedtothedangeroffoodpoisoning〔中毒〕.Eggs,forexample,canstillbeeatenthreetofiveweeksafterbeingbought,eventhoughtheuse﹣bydateismuchearlier.Whentheiruse﹣bydatespass,cookiesmaylosetheircrunch〔松脆的口感〕,buttheyarenotharmful."It'sanunclearsubject,thedifferencebetweenfoodquality〔质量〕andfoodsafety,"saidJenaRobertsfromaUSfoodtestingcompany."Eventheworkmatesinthefoodfactoryarenotsureaboutit.Thisiswhytheuse﹣bydatesmustbeprintedonthecoversofproducts."Wehopeitcanhelpcustomersunderstandtheinformationsothattheywon'twastealotoffood."Anotherproblemisthatthequalitylevelsofdifferentfoodschangedifferently.Somearestilleatablelongaftertheiruse﹣bydatewhileothersarenot.Asaresult,foodfactoryofficialsarenowthinkingofchangingtheuse﹣bydatetoadatewhichcanshowwhenfoodismostlikelytobethrownaway.14.Whichofthefollowingpicturescanshowthemeaningof"expirationdate〔EXP〕"?A. B.C. D.15.Whatdidtheuse﹣bydatesshowatfirstaccordingtothepassage?A.Foodfreshness. B.Foodquality.C.Foodsafety. D.Foodproducer.16.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Mostcustomerscaremoreaboutfreshnessthanfoodsafety.B.Mostcustomersfullyunderstandwhatexpirationdatesmean.C."Expirationdates"werefirstusedtoshowwhenfoodwaslikelytogobad.D.Evenaftertheirexpirationdatespass,somefoodsarestillsafetoeat.17.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?A.CustomersandFood B.FoodQualityandFreshnessC.FoodDating D.ExpirationDatesandFoodSafety【答案】14.B15.A16.D17.D【解析】本文讲述的是有关食品保质期的问题。很多人以为食物到了保质期就不能食用，其实这样会造成很大的浪费。很多食物的保质期到了只会影响口感等，是可以食用的。14.细节理解题。根据所给的四幅图片，可知选项A标出的是生产日期；选项C和选项D都看不出截止日期；只有B.betterifusedby11Apr.2021〔最好在2021年4月11之前使用〕，清楚的表示了截止日期。应选B。15.细节理解题。根据“Whentheyfirstshowedup,use﹣bydatesonlyshowedfreshnessbecauseproducerswantedtheirproductstobetastedintheirbestconditions.〞，可知刚出现的时候，只是表示新鲜度。应选A。16.细节理解题。根据“However,mostcustomersmistakenlybelievedthatuse﹣bydatesshowedhowsafethefoodwas.Butthetruthisthatthesedatesaren'trelatedtothedangeroffoodpoisoning〔中毒〕.〞以及后面的举例，可知即使过了保质期，食物仍然可以平安食用。选项D符合题意，应选D。17.主旨归纳题。本文主要讲述的是食品的保质期和食品平安的问题。应选D。5Openanapp,placeyourorder,andwaitforyourfoodtobedelivered(递送)toyourhomethisishowmanypeopleeatinChinathesedays.Accordingtothelatestdata(数据)fromtheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter,421millionChinesepeopleuseonlinefooddeliveryservices.That’stosayhalfofthetotalnumberofInternetusersinChina.Whichgroupofpeopleisorderingfoodonlinethemost?Unsurprisingly,it，smainlyyoungpeople.ArecentreportthatwasjointlypublishedbytheChinaHospitalityAssociationandMeituan,afooddeliveryservice,showedthat86.3percentoftheservice’susersarebetween20and34yearsold.Thesepeople,whoaremorelikelytoliveinsmallfamilies,arethemajorforcedrivingthedevelopmentofthefooddeliveryindustry(行业).Smallfamiliesdependgreatlyonfooddeliveryservices.AccordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics,Chinesefamilieshavechangedinsizeoverthepastdecade(十年).In2002,only7.7percentoffamiliesweresingle-personhouseholds.Butthisnumberincreasedto15.6percentin2021.Thepercentageoftwo-personfamiliesrosefrom18.4in2002to27.2in2021.Forsmallfamilies,cookingisrelativelymoretimeandresource-consuming(耗时耗材),soorderingfoodonlinehasbecomemorepopular.TheimprovementofChina’sfooddeliveryserviceshasalsoattractedmorecustomers.AccordingtoMeituan’sreport,theaveragetimeittakestomakeafooddeliverydroppedfrom38minutesin2021to29minutesin2021.Manydeliveryplatformsarealsoofferingmoreservices,deliveringproductssuchasfruit,vegetables,medicineandflowers.Asitsservicescontinuetoimprove,it’slikelythatthefooddeliveryindustrywillkeepgrowing.18.WhichagemaybeusefooddeliveryservicesthemostinChina?A.Under18. B.20to34. C.12and42. D.Over30.19.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.ThechangesofChinesefaimilies.B.Whyneedimprovefooddeliveryservices.C.Whatkindofthingscanwedeliver.D.Whyhasthefooddeliveryindustrydevelopedveryquickly.20.Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.MostChineseyoungpeoplearelazynow.B.Fooddeliveryservicesneedtobeimproved.C.MostChinesefamilieshavelessthanthreepeople.D.HalfChineseInternetusersusedfooddeliveryservices.21.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Howtouseafoodorderingapp B.ThedeliveryservicesC.Thefooddeliveryindustry D.Single-personfamiliesinChina【答案】18.B19.D20.D21.C【解析】本文主要向大家介绍了中国的食品配送行业的相关情况。18.细节理解题。根据文中第二段第三句话“...showedthat86.3percentoftheservice…between20and34yearsold.〞得知。应选B。19.主旨大意题。根据最后两段对家庭变化和快递效劳的开展两方面来介绍快递行业的开展。应选D。20.细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句“That’stosayhalfofthetotalnumberofInternetusersinChina.得知，应选D。21.主旨大意题。文章从网络订购食品、订购人群、小家庭对网购食品的需求、中国食品快递行业的改善方面来介绍食品快递行业，应选C。6TheBritishdevelopmentgroupPracticalActionsaysthebestwaytopreparefoodsforstorage(储存)isatharvest(收获)timewhilestillinthefield.Useasharpknifetocutthefruitsandvegetablesoffandputthemonacleanplace.Donotputthemontheground.Usewatertocleanoffdirt.Usuallyitisbetternottopickofftheleavesfromfruitsandvegetablesbeforestorage.Withouttheleaves,foodcanbecomedry.Fruitsandvegetablesmustbecoolfromfieldheatbeforetheyareputintostorage.Butcoolingtheminwatercanspreadfungus(菌类)inthefood.Abetterideaistoharvestfoodseitherearlyorlateintheday,thenleavethemtocoolnaturally.Somefruitsandvegetablesmustbekeptat0℃to4℃.Anycolder,andtheymightgobad.Somefoodsneedtobekeptat4℃to8℃andsomeneedtobekeptabove8℃forbestresults.Wetthefruitsandvegetablessotheydonotbecometoodry.Thebesttimetodothisisbeforestorage.Coverthefoodsinplastic(塑料)oncetheyreachtheright“criticaltemperature(温度)〞forstorage.Mostfruitsandvegetablesneedtherelativehumidity(湿度)instoragetobekeptbetween85and95percent.Finally,leavespacebetweenthefoodsandthewallsofthecoldstorageareasoaircangoaround.Keepthespaceclean.Andtrynottoopenthedoorstoooften.22.Wherecanyouputthefoodsafterharvest?A.Inthewater. B.Ontheground.C.Inthesand. D.Onacleanplace.23.Whichistheworsttimetoharvestfoods?A.8:00am. B.12:00atthenoon.C.4:00pm. D.6:00pm.24.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Fruitsandvegetablesmustbekeptbelow0.B.Weshouldpickofftheleavesforbeststorage.C.Thefoodneed75%humidityforbeststorage.D.Wetthefruitsandvegetablesbeforethestorage.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.容量 B.信息 C.空间 D.速度26.Whichorderisrightforbeststorage?1.leavethefoodstocoolnaturally2.wetthefoods3.useasharpknifetocutthefoodsoff4.storethefoodsinthecoldareaA.2341 B.1342 C.3412 D.3124【答案】22.D23.B24.D25.C26.D【解析】本文向我们介绍储存食物的方法和建议。22.细节理解题。根据“Useasharpknifetocutthefruitsandvegetablesoffandputthemonacleanplace.〞可知，用一把锋利的刀把水果和蔬菜切下来，放在一个干净的地方。应选D。23.推理判断题。根据“Abetterideaistoharvestfoodseitherearlyorlateintheday,thenleavethemtocoolnaturally.〞可知，在一天的早些时候或晚些时候收获食物，然后让它们自然冷却是最好的，所以在中午12点钟收获食物是不好的。应选B。24.推理判断题。根据“Wetthefruitsandvegetablessotheydonotbecometoodry.Thebesttimetodothisisbeforestorage.〞可知，在储存之前把水果和蔬菜弄湿，这样它们就不会变得太干了。应选D。25.词义猜想题。分析“Finally,leavespacebetweenthefoodsandthewallsofthecoldstorageareasoaircangoaround.〞可知，为使空气流通，要在食物和冷藏区墙壁之间留出空间，所以space是“空间〞的含义，应选C。26.篇章结构题。根据“Useasharpknifetocutthefruitsandvegetablesoff〞，“Abetterideaistoharvestfoodseitherearlyorlateintheday,thenleavethemtocoolnaturally.〞，“Wetthefruitsandvegetablessotheydonotbecometoodry.〞和“Finally,leavespacebetweenthefoodsandthewallsofthecoldstoragearea〞可知，顺序应为3124。应选D。7Foodsometimesgetspoisoned(有毒的)withharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.Certainmicroorganisms〔微生物〕causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggs,meat,vegetables,andmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebody,thesetinylivingthingsrelease〔释放〕poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicals〔化学物质〕〕canalsocausefoodpoisoning.Theyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrown,processed,orprepared.Forexample,manyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreaction(反响)tothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafood,grains,nuts,seeds,beans,andmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperly,theriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.Microorganismsmultiply〔繁殖〕rapidlyindirtyplacesandinwarmtemperatures.Thismeansthatpeopleshouldnevertouchfoodwithdirtyhandsorputfoodonunwashedsurfaces.Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgrowing.Meatneedstobecookedthoroughlytokillanydangerousmicroorganisms.Peopleshouldalsowashfoodcoveredwithchemicalsbeforeeatingit.Finally,peopleshouldnoteatwildmushroomsorotherfoodsthatgrowinthewild.Someofthesefoodsmaycontainnaturalmaterialsthatarepoisonoustohumans.Inaddition,sometypesoffishcanbepoisonous.Mostpeoplerecover〔恢复〕fromfoodpoisoningafterafewdaysofrestinganddrinkingextrawater.Ifpeopleeatnaturalpoisons,theymustgotothehospitalrightawaytohavetheirstomachsemptied.27.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.28.Weknowfromthepassagethatthesymptomsoffoodpoisoning__________.A.arealwaysaccompaniedbyafeverB.aretoocommontobenoticedC.canbenoticedwithinhoursD.canheignored29.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT__________A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials30.FromParagraph5,wecanlearnthat__________A.mushroomsshouldnotbeeatenB.vegetablesaresaferthanmeatandseafoodC.naturalpoisonsaremoredangerousthanchemicalsD.differenttypesoffoodshouldbehandleddifferently31.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__________A.naturalmaterialsaresafeinfoodprocessingB.chemicalsareneededinfoodprocessingC.foodpoisoningcanbekeptundercontrolD.foodpoisoningisoutofcontrol【答案】27.B28.C29.B30.D31.C【解析】本文主要讲了能引起人们食物中毒的几种情况，包括人们吃了被某些微生物入侵的食物，一些化学物质和自然毒药。如果人们正确处理食物，那么中毒的可能性就很小。食物中毒的主要病症是发烧，一般几天后就会消失，如果吃了本身就有毒的东西，必须马上去医院。27.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.〞“食物中毒通常不严重，但有时是致命的〞，可知B选项“Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.〞“食物中毒意味着死亡〞是错误的，结合题干要求选出错误的一项，应选B。28.细节理解题。根据第一段“Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.〞“食物中毒的病症通常在吃完食物后几小时内开始表现出来〞。可知，C选项“foodpoisoningcanbenoticedwithinhours〞食物中毒在几小时内可以被发觉，是正确的。选选C。29.细节理解题。由第五段“Foodshouldbekeptinarefrigeratortostopmicroorganismsfromgnawing.〞食物应该被保存在冰箱里来阻止微生物的增长，可知“lowtemperatures〞不能导致Foodpoisoning，应选B30.推理判断题。由第五段第一句话“Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperly,theriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.〞，可以推测出D恰当；A“蘑菇不能吃〞太绝对，文中只是说某些蘑菇有毒，不是全部的蘑菇；B，C选项文中没讲，无细节支持。应选D。31.推理判断题。由文中第五段第一句话“Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperly,theriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall.〞如果人们正确处理食物，那么中毒的可能性就很小。可推测出C正确；D选项与C的意思相反，所以C错误；A、B选项无细节支持，文中没有提及。应选C。8Nowadays,thefoodthatyoubuycomesfrommanydifferentcountries.Havealookinyourfridge,cupboard,andfruitbowlandchecktheorigins(来源)ofthefood.PerhapsthereareapplesfromCalifornia,lambfromNewZealand,orpotatoesfromEgypt?Youwillprobablybesurprisedhowfarfoodtravelstogettoyourplate.Thisjourney,from“fieldtoplate〞,iscalled“foodmiles〞.Afoodmileisthedistancethatfoodtravelsfromthefarmer’sfieldtothepersonwhobuysthefood.Nowadays,foodoftentravelsthousandsofmilestogettotheconsumer(消费者).Whyisthis,andwhataretheeffects(影响)oftheselongdistances?Traditionally,farmerssoldtheirfoodinthelocalmarketsothefooddidn’thavetotravelveryfar.Theconsumersalsodidnottravelveryfar,becausetheywenttotheirlocalmarkettobuythefood.Thiswasagoodsystemforfarmersandconsumers.However,thereweresomedisadvantages.Forexample,consumerscouldonlybuyfoodthatfarmersproducedlocally.Inaddition,theycouldonlygetfoodthatwasinseason.Now,becauseofmoderntechnology,foodcomesfromallovertheworld.Wedonothavetowaitforspringorsummertobuystrawberriesortomatoes.Theyareavailableinwinterifwewant.Somecountrieshavetoimport(进口)mostoftheirfood.Thisisbecausetheyhavedifficultclimates.TheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE),forexample,gets85%ofitsfoodfromothercountries.EvenfoodmadeintheUAEoftenusesimportedmaterials.What’swrongwith“foodmiles〞?Isthisnotagoodwayofincreasinginternationaltrade?Ibelievethesemilesareworryingforanumberofreasons.Firstofall,becausefoodtravelssuchlongdistances.weneedmoreplanes,lorries,andshipstomovethefood.Thismeansweusemoreoilorpetrol,sothereismorepollutionandmoreglobal(全球的)warming.Inaddition,foodthattravelsalongwayisnotfreshandusuallynotverytasty.Tomatoes,forexample,arepickedearlyandstoredfortheirlongjourney.Forthisreason,theyareusuallytastelesswhentheygettotheconsumer.Localfoodhasabettertaste,anditalsoreducestheamountofglobalpollution.Weneedtobuymorelocalfood.32.Whatiscalled“foodmiles〞accordingtothispassage?A.Theoriginsofthefood.B.Thejourneyfromfieldtoplate.C.Theeffectsoflongdistances.D.Thedisadvantagesofimportedfood.33.SomecountriesliketheUnitedArabEmirateshavetoimportmostoftheirfoodbecauseof____.A.longdistancesB.freshandtastyfoodC.difficultclimatesD.moderntechnology34.ThewriterusestheLASTparagraphmostlytoencouragereadersto______.A.buymorelocalfoodB.travellongdistancesC.increaseinternationaltradeD.useimportedmaterials【答案】32.B33.C34.A【解析】短文介绍了现代食品全球流通的方式、原因和面临的问题。32.细节理解题。根据Thisjourney,from“fieldtoplate〞,iscalled“foodmiles〞.可知，食物从田地到盘中的路程。应选B。33.细节理解题。根据Somecountrieshavetoimport(进口)mostoftheirfood.Thisisbecausetheyhavedifficultclimates.TheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE),forexample,gets85%ofitsfoodfromothercountries.可知，阿拉伯联合酋长国因为气候的问题，而进口大局部食物。应选C。34.推理判断题。根据Weneedtobuymorelocalfood.可知，鼓励人们买更多的当地食物。应选A。点睛：推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于符合逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解外表文字的根底上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的开展变化等的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。3题是根据短文的内容推出作者的观点。二、完型填空35ofyouliketobuyahamburgerforlunchoreatsomecookiesbetweenclasses?Theyareyummyandeasy36around.Butremember37atthepackage.Isthereanytransfat〔反式脂肪酸〕?Mosttransfatsareman-made.Peoplemakethem38addinghydrogen〔氢〕tovegetableoil.Suchoilgivesfoodalongershelflife〔保质期〕anda39taste.However,researchfindsthattransfatsarevery40.Theycauseheartdiseases.Manycountries,suchasDenmark,havestopped41transfats.NowtheUSisalso42banning〔禁止〕it.ThereisnosuchbaninChina.ItismainlybecauseChinesedietshave43fewertransfatsthanthoseintheWest,saidfoodsafetyexperts.Butyoungpeopleshould44,ascakesandcookiesoftenhavetransfats.Somefastfoodrestaurantsalsouseoilwithtransfatstofry45theylastlonger.Inrecentyears,manyfoodcompanieshavestartedtousefewertransfats.Forexample,KFCinChinasaidin2006thattheir