2022年黑龙江省绥化市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）

2022年黑龙江省绥化市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

WhenissuingIPprotection,animportantmatteris______.

A.thebalancebetweentheinterestsoftheinventororauthorandthatofthesociety.

B.thebalancerequiredbyzoninglaws

C.thebalancebetweentheinterestsoflandownersandthatofthesociety

D.thebalancebetweentheattemptofprotectionandtherealpractice

2.

Thearticledealswiththelinkbetween____________________andthesuggestionstopreventthem.

3.

ThepopularityofGrandTheftAuto3willstimulateproducerstoinvestmoreviolentvideogamesbecausetheyare______________.

4.

ThecompanycanapplytotheFDAforpermissiontobeginhumanstudieswhentheresultsofanimalstudiesindicatethatthenewdrugisliketobe______.

5.

______iscalledprobabilityneglect.

6.

ThefamilybreakuphascausedsomeeconomiclosstotheBritishgovernmenteachyear.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Someattractiveruralregionsnotfarfromthecitiesarewitnessingacertain______,asmoreandmorechildlessseniorsmovetowardscities.

8.

Generally,itishardtostudyemotionsbecause______.

9.CreaturesoftheThermal(热量的)Vents

Thethree-personsubmersibleAlvinsankthroughthecold,darkwatersofthePacificOceanformorethananhour,finallytouchingdownontheseafloormorethan8,000feetbelowthesurface.ItwasDecember1993,andthescientistsinsidethesubhadcometothisstretchoftheEastPacificRise,anunderwatermountainrangeabout500milessouthwestofAcapulco,Mexico,toinspectarecentlyformedhydrothermalvent--afissure(裂缝)intheoceanbottomthatleaksboiling,acidicwater.

Peeringoutthroughthesub'stinywindows,thevisitorswereastonishedtoseethicketsofgianttubeworms,somefourfeettall.Thetailendsofthewormswerefirmlyplantedontheoceanfloor,whileredplumesontheotherendsswayedlikeafieldofpoppies.Alvinhadbroughtresearchestothesamespotlessthantwoyearsearlier,whentheyhadseennoneofthesestrangecreatures.Previousmeasurementsshowedthatindividualtubewormscouldincreaseinlengthatarateof33inchesperyear,makingthemthefastest-growingmarineinvertebrates.Thatmeanstubewormscangrowmorerapidlythanscientistsoncethought.

Thegianttubewormisoneofthemosteye-catchingmembersofadiversecommunitythatformsaroundhydrothermalvents.Scientistsoncethoughtthatnolivingthingcouldsurvivetheharshcombinationoftoxicchemicals,hightemperatures,highpressures,andtotaldarknessatthesevents.Butin1977,researchersdivinginAlvindiscoveredtubewormsandotherstrangeorganismsthrivingataVentofftheGalapagosIslands.Similarcommunitieshavesincebeenfoundatseveralhundredhotsotsaroundtheworld.ThesecreaturesarelikenothingelseonEarth.

Ventsform.wheretheplanet'scrustalplatesareslowlyspreadingapartandmagmaiswellingupfrombelowtoform.mountainrangesknownasmid-oceanridges.Ascracksform.atthesespreadingcenters,seawaterseepsamileortwodownintothehotrock.Enrichedwithmineralsleachedfromtherock,thewaterheatsandrisestotheoceanfloortoform.avent.Ventsareusuallyclusteredinfields,underwaterversionsofYellowstone'sgeyserbasins.Individualventopeningstypicallyrangefromlessthanahalfinchtomorethansixfeetindiameter.Suchfieldsarenormallyfoundatadepthofmorethanamile.MosthavebeendiscoveredalongthecrestoftheMid-OceanicRidge,a46,000-mile-longchainofmountainsthatwrapsaroundEarthliketheseamsonabaseball.Afewventshavealsobeenfoundatseamounts,underwatervolcanoesthatarenotlocatedattheintersectionofcrustalplates.

Hydrothermalventsareunderwateroases(避风港),providinghabitatformanycreaturesthatarenotfoundanywhereelseintheocean.Waterpouringoutofventscanreachtemperaturesuptoabout400℃;thehighpressurekeepsthewaterfromboiling.However,theintenseheatislimitedtoasmallarea.Withinlessthananinchoftheventopening,thewatertemperaturedropsto2℃,theambienttemperatureofdeepseawater.Mostofthecreaturesthatassemblearoundventsliveattemperaturesjustabovefreezing.Thus,chemicalsarethekeytoventlife,notheat.Themostprevalentchemicaldissolvedinventwaterishydrogensulfide(硫化氢),whichsmellslikerotteneggs.Thischemicalisproducedwhenseawaterreactswithsulfate(硫酸盐)intherocksbelowtheoceanfloor.Ventbacteriausehydrogensulfideastheirenergysourceinsteadofsunlight.Thebacteriainturnsustainlargeorganismsintheventcommunity.

Theclams,mussels,tubeworms,andothercreaturesattheventhaveasymbioticrelationship(共生关系)withbacteria.Thegianttubeworms,forexample,havenodigestivesystem--nomouthorgut.Thewormdependsvirtuallysolelyonthebacteriaforitsnutritionandbothpartnersbenefit.Thebrown,spongytissuefillingtheinsideofatube

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

BeforePiaAbolagotapositionattheMSI,shespentathome______.

A.twoyearsB.threeyearsC.fouryearsD.fiveyears

11.

Ifyou'reconsideringalargeuniversity,besuretofindout______andhowmanyaretaughtbyprofessors.

12.

TheBibletellspeoplehowJesuswasbetrayed,accusedandcondemnedtodeath.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.Brightcoveprofitsbymakinguseofmediafirms'wishto______.

14.

Thedisadvantagesassociatedwithautomationare______and______anditspotentialdangers.

15.IfAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience,theycannotsurvivetheseverecompetitionbetweendevelopedcountries.

16.

Sophisticated______techniqueshavebeenalreadyemployedtocalculatehowintermarriageischangingthefaceoftheUnitedStates.

17.

Allthedonateddrugsintheworldwon'tdoanygood.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.Kellyhasallthelatest______aboutthejobhuntingmarket.

A.marketdataonsalariesandtrendstohand

B.dataonquestionsthattheemployeraskduringinterviews

C.dataonthesuccessfulexampleswiththehelpofKelly

D.recordsofthecompaniesnewlysetup

19.

Withouttheprenuptialtalk,it'snotlikelythatcoupleshaveanactualplanfortheirlivestogether.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.Traditionalstrategyofmakingoneselfadvertisedmaysometimesbringunexpectednegativeeffectapartfromhighcost.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(34)

A.Mountainousterrain.

B.Abundantnaturalresources.

C.Largeacreofdesert.

D.Sparselypopulatedareas.

22.(42)

23.(35)

A.Thepoor.B.Theunemployed.C.Theold.D.Theyoung.

24.(17)

A.Sheisgoingtohavesomevisitorstonight.

B.Shedoesnotliketheirformerforeignteachers.

C.Sheisgoingtoseeherforeignteacherstonight.

D.Shehasalreadybeeninvitedtotheman'shouse.

25.听力原文：W:Idon'tthinkhavingabigpartyisamistake.Ilikebigparties.Ithinkweshouldpaybackourfriendswhohaveinvitedustotheirparties.

M:Butbigpartiesarcsoimpersonal.Ithinkwe'dbetterhaveasmallone.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutparties?

(14)

A.Shethinksbigpartiesaretooimpersonal.

B.Shewouldliketoinvitefriendstoabigparty.

C.Shefeelsshehastospendalotofmoneyinholdingbigparties.

D.Shewouldliketobeinvitedtosmallparties.

26.(40)

27.(29)

A.Castles’structureandtheeatinghabitinthem.

B.Castles'structureandthepeoplewholivedinthem.

C.Castles'structureandthelifeinthem.

D.Whypeoplebuiltcastlesandtheirstructure.

28.(28)

A.Theboyandhisparentsshouldbesenttojail.

B.Nocriminalchargeswillbefiledtotheboy.

C.Thefamilyshouldgiveouttheirhousetothevictims.

D.Theboywillbesuedforcivilcharges.

29.(36)

A.Hisfather'sadvicehelpedhimtodecidewhichjobtotakeup.

B.Workinginasportsteamwashismostimportantexperience.

C.Helearnedmuchfromhissharedexperiencewithhisteammembers.

D.Hisexperienceasabaggageboyhadagreatinfluenceonhislaterlife.

30.

【B6】

31.

【B2】

32.听力原文：M:Theviolinsoundsawful.

W:Iknow.Iwishwecouldgetarefund.ThisperformanceistheworstI'veeverbeento.

Q:Wherearethesepeopletalking?

(14)

A.Theyareataviolinshop.

B.Theyareatacircus.

C.Theyareataconcert.

D.Theyareinsideamovietheatre.

33.(26)

A.Heshouldtravelbyairmoreoften.

B.Heshouldaskthedoctorforsomeadvice.

C.Heshouldtakesomemedicines.

D.Heshouldgetridofhisnervousness.

34.听力原文：W:I'llwearthisbluejacket.Ilikethecoloronme,don'tyouthinkso?

M:Ithinkitlooksterrificonyon,really.

Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'schoiceofclothing?

(19)

A.Hethinksherchoiceisgood.

B.Hethinksherchoiceisterrible.

C.Hedoesn'tlikethecolor.

D.Hedoesn'tlikethestyle.

35.

【B3】

36.听力原文：(32)Thefamilyischanging.Inthepast,grandparents,parents,andchildrenusedtolivetogether,andtheyhadabigfamily.Sometimestwoormorebrotherswiththeirwivesandchildrenwerepartofthislargefamilygroup.Butfamilystructureischangingthroughouttheworld.Thenuclearfamilyconsistsofonlyonefather,onemother,andchildren,itisbecomingthemainfamilystructureeverywhere.

(33)Thenuclearfamilyoffersmarriedwomensomeadvantages,theyhavefreedomfromtheirrelatives,andthehusbanddoesnothaveallthepowerofthefamily.'Studiesshowthatinnuclearfamilies,menandwomenusuallymakeanequalnumberofdecisionsaboutfamilylife.

Butwivesusuallyhaveto"pay"forthebenefitsoffreedomandpower.Whenwomenlivedinextendedfamilies,sisters,grandparents,andauntshelpedoneanotherwithhouseworkandchildcare.Inaddition,(34)olderwomeninalargefamilygrouphadimportantpositions.Wivesinnuclearfamiliesdonotoftenenjoythisbenefit,andtheyhaveanotherdisadvantage,too:womengenerallylivelongerthantheirhusbands,soolderwomenfromnuclearfamiliesoftenhavetolivealone.Studiesshowthatwomenaregenerallylesssatisfiedwithmarriagethanmenare.Inthepast,menworkedoutsidethehomeandwomenworkedinside.Houseworkandchildcarewereafull-timejob,andtherewasnotimeforanythingelse.(35)Nowwomenworkoutsideandhavemorefreedomthantheydidinthepast,buttheystillhavetodomostofthehousework.Thewomenactuallyhavetwofull-timejobs,andtheydonothavemuchfreetime.

(33)

A.Therewereonlygrandparentsandchildren.

B.Therewasonefather,onemother,andtheirchildren.

C.Thereweremanyrelatives.

D.Thereweretwoormorebrotherswiththeirwives.

37.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Inmostcases,thedoctorisunabletoavoidsomedegreeofemotionalinvolvementwiththesickindividualwhohascometohimforhelp.

Thephysicianknowswelltheusualdevelopmentofeventsina【B1】______sickness,buthispersonalreactiontothedeathofthepatientisavariablething.Itis【B2】______bymanyconditions,suchasthe【B3】______ofhisrelationshipwiththepatient,theageoftheperson【B4】______,andthenatureofthefinaldisease.

The【B5】______isusuallynottooupsetbythe【B6】______deathofapatientwhohasenjoyedalong,pleasant,and【B7】______life,andhemayacceptcalmlythedeathofapersoninayoungeragegroupwho'sgotseriously【B8】______However,heisalwayssaddenedbythedeathofachild,oryoungadult,foranyreason.

【B9】______.Whenapersonundermedicaltreatmentdies,theinternistcanalwayscomforthimselfwiththeideathat【B10】______.Ontheotherhand,whendeathfollowsanoperation,thesurgeonusuallyleadshimselftoconsidering.Thesurgeonusuallygivesatleastapassingthoughttothepossibilitythat【B11】______.

【B1】

38.听力原文：W:Lookwhatamessyou'vemade!I'vetoldyouseveraltimes,butyoujustturnadeafeartome.Canyoulistentomywordsforonce?

M:Shutup!You'redrivingmemadwithyourconstantcomplaining.

Q:Whatdoesthewomancomplainabouttheman?

(13)

A.Hedoesnothaveagoodhearing.

B.Hehasbeendrivingmadlyforayear.

C.Henevertakeswhatshesaysseriously.

D.Heisalwaysimpatientwithher.

39.听力原文：Doyouknowhowtoadvertiseforahank?Ifyouaskpeopleaboutthefunctionsofabank,theywouldprobablysaythatthebankiswhereyoucandepositmoneyandcashacheck.Butit'smuchmorethanthese.Andwehavetotellpeoplethisinouradvertisement.

Thereareseveralthingstothinkaboutforabankadvertisement.Thefirstproblemistodecidewhoshouldbeouraudience.Shouldouradvertisementbeaimedatadultswithfullemploymentonly?Orshoulditalsoappealtostudents,housewives,retiredworkers,orevenchildren?Itisagoodideatoaddressthelargestpossibleaudience.Ifweintroducethenameofourbanktochildrentheywillneverforgetit.

Thenextquestionishowtoattractpeopleofdifferentsocialgroupstoourbank.Theusualtipistoofferfreegifts,forexample,portableradiosorT-shirtsfortheyoungandgoldpensforbusinessexecutives.Thatalwaysworks.Butwhatdowegivetoourbestcustomers?That'sanotherquestion.Whataboutleatherdiaries,forexample?

Banksareverycompetitive.Wehavetothinkofsomethingnewtoofferourcustomers.That'sthethirdproblem.Oursisoneofthefirstbankstohavedrive-inserviceandtoopenonSaturdays,butnowmanybanksdo.Mostbanksalsoofferavarietyofcheckingandsavingaccountsandafullrangeofinvestmentplanstosuittheneedsoftheircustomers,aswellasthe24-hourATMbankingwhichmakesitmuchfasterandeasierforcustomerstowithdrawcashordootherthings.Toattractmorecustomerstoourbank,itisessentialthatwehavesomethingthatnootherbankoffers.

(30)

A.Businessexecutives,housewivesandcollegestudents.

B.Parentsplanningfortheirchildren'seducation.

C.Adultswithorwithoutfullemployment,students,housewives,andretiredpeople.

D.Bestcustomersonly.

40.(24)

A.Coffeeisgoodfortheheart.

B.Coffeeisbadfortheheart.

C.Coffeeisbothgoodandbadfortheheart.

D.Therearestillnofindingsabouttheinfluenceofcoffeeontheheart.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whywasteeplanthempessentialtoworld-widetradeinthepast?

A.Ships'ropesweremadefromit.

B.Hempwasaveryprofitableexport.

C.Hempwasusedasfuelforships.

D.Hempwasusedasfoodforsailors.

42.Theeconomicdeclineforceswomentogiveupthedesirefor______athome.

43.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothenewFrenchwayoflife?

A.Shorterlunchhour.

B.Greateroutput.

C.Creaturecomforts.

D.Leisurelycaf6talk.

44.Theincreaseinglobaltrademeansthatinternationalcompaniescannotaffordtomakecostlyadvertisingmistakesiftheywanttobecompetitive.Understandingthelanguageandcultureoftargetmarketsinforeigncountriesisoneofthekeystosuccessfulinternationalmarketing.Toomanycompanies,however,havejumpedintoforeignmarketswithembarrassingresults.Translationmistakesareattheheartofmanyblundersininternationaladvertising.

GeneralMotors,theUSautomanufacturer,gotacostlylessonwhenitintroduceditsChevroletNovatothePuertoRicanmarket."Nova"isLatinfor"new(star)"andmeans"star"inmanylanguages,butinspokenSpanishitcansoundlike"nova",meaning"itdoesn'tgo".Fewpeoplewantedtobuyacarwiththatcursedmeaning.WhenGMchangedthenametoCaribe,salespickedupdramatically.

Marketingblundershavealsobeenmadebyfoodandbeveragecompanies.OneAmericanfoodcompany'sfriendly"JollyGreenGiant"(foradvertisingvegetables)becamesomethingquitedifferentwhenitwastranslatedintoArabicas"IntimidatingGreenOgre".

WhentranslatedintoGerman,Pepsi'spopularslogan,"ComeAlivewithPepsi"cameoutimplying"ComeAlivefromtheGrave".NowondercustomersinGermanydidn'trushouttobuyPepsi.

EvenacompanywithanexcellentinternationaltrackrecordlikeKentuckyFriedChickenisnotimmunetotheperilsoffaultytranslation.Manysaleswerelostwhenthecatchphrase"fingerlickingfood"became"eatwithyourfingersoff"inChinesetranslation.

AmanufacturerofonelaundrydetergentalsomadeanexpensivemistakeintheMiddleEast.Itsadvertisementsshowedapictureofapileofdirtyclothesontheleft,aboxofthecompany'sdetergentinthemiddle,andcleanclothesontheright.Unfortunately,themessagewasincorrectlyinterpretedbecausemostpeoplelookedatitfromrighttoleft,thewayArabicisread.

Havingawakenedtothespecialnatureofforeignadvertising,companiesarebecomingmuchmoreconscientiousintheirtranslationandmoresensitivetoculturaldistinctions.Thebestwaytopreventerrorsistohireprofessionaltranslatorswhounderstandthetargetlanguageanditsidiomaticusage,ortouseatechniquecalled"backranslation"toreducethepossibilityofblunders.Theprocessusesonepersontotranslateamessageintothetargetlanguageandanothertotranslateitback.Effectivetranslatorsaimtocapturetheoverallmessageofanadvertisementbecauseaword-for-wordduplicationoftheoriginalrarelyconveystheintendedmeaningandoftencausesmisunderstandings.

Thephrase"thecatchphrase"(Line2,Para.5)hastheclosestmeaningto______.

A.thepromotionslogan

B.themarketingstrategy

C.thesecretrecipe

D.thepleasanttaste

45.

【C5】

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Sinceancienttimesvolcanoeshavestruckterrorandwonderintotheheartofman.Yetthereismuchmoretovolcanicactivitythanthespectacularandawe-inspiringeruptionswhichsometimescausegreatdestruction.Comparativelyfewvolcanoesarereallydangerousandmanyofthemaremerely"noisyneighbors"tothosewholivenearby,causingonlyaslightnuisance.Theshareofgoodwhichvolcanicforcehasbroughttotheworldhastoooftenbeenobscuredbytheviolentoutburstsofafewhighlyactiveones.

Inrecentgeologicaltimes,volcanoeshavethrownupamultitudeofislandsdottedamongtheoceansandseasoftheworldwhichhaveaddedsomehundredsofsquaremilestothelandsurfaceoftheearth.Theirrealvaluetoman,however,liesinthewidelyvaryingusetowhichtheycanbeput.Onthecontinentallandmassesvolcanoeshaveraisedmountainswhichhavedonemuchtoincreasewhatwouldotherwisehavebeenascantyrainfall.Andthepeoplesofthetropicsoftenhavealoftyvolcanicconetothankforamoretemperateclimate.

Thegreatestbenefitsofarbroughtbyvolcanoes,however,hasbeenthefertilizingeffectofthelavaandashtheyeject.Thesoilsformedbythedecayofthesevolcanicproductsyieldrichharvestsinmanycountries.Thisfertilityaccountsfortheamazingdensityofpopulationintheneighborhoodofmanyactivecraters.Forgetfulofpastcatastrophesandheedlessofthedangersthatstillthreatensthem,farmershavesettledinlargenumbersroundEtnaandVesuviusandvolcanoesinCentralAmerica,Indonesia,thePhilippines,andJapan,buttheynowrunfewerrisksthantheirforefathers.Inthepastfewdecadesobservationpostshavebeensetupalongsidethemostdangerouscraters,sothatallimpendingeruptioncanbedetectedandwarninggiveningoodtime.

Foralongwhilenoattemptwasmadetoharnesstheenormouspowergeneratedbyvolcanoes.Eveninquitesubsidiaryformsitwasputonlytosuchdomesticuseasheatingandcooking,orwasemployedtherapeuticallyintheform.ofhotmineralsprings.TodaytheremarkabletechnicalachievementsofIcelandandItalyareservingasaspurtotheharnessingofgeothermalpowerforuseinindustry.Inafewyears'time,othercountries,particularlythosewithfewothersourcesofnaturalpower,arelikelytobedrawingmoreandmoreontheinexhaustiblepower35offeredbyvolcanoes.

"Noisyneighbors"inparagraph1refersto______.

47.

Muchresearchbasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneralbutjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunately______.

48.

Thefood-bornediseasemaycausefever,vomiting,diarrheaandeven______.

49.PartofthereasonwhytheInternetbecomespopularisthat______.

A.moreandmorepeoplesendmessagesoverit

B.newmessage-searchingtoolsaredeveloped

C.theInternetisnotmonopolizedbyanyone

D.thereisnoauthorityovertheInternet

50.

Whowillprobablymostwelcomethethreeproducts?

A.Peoplewhosehousehasnospaceforwirelesssystem.

B.Peoplewhosehousecannotreceiveimages,soundsormessages.

C.Peoplewhohavenoextramoneytoaffordwirelesssystem.

D.Peoplewhoprefertodothingsinasimplerway.

51.

Theprocedureofearlyadmissiongrewpopularbecauseithelpedcollegestosecuretherecruitmentof______.

52.

Themajorityofexpertsbelievetheuseofcriticalthinkingis______.

A.relatedtoitsvalue

B.consistentwithsocialmores

C.connectedwiththeuser'scharacter

D.separatefromethics

53.

WhatdoesthelastparagraphtellusabouttheeducationinUS?

A.Itissuccessfulinhelpingthestudentspassvariousexams.

B.Itencouragesthestudentsinconceptualthinking.

C.Itnurturestheabilityinsolvingcomplexproblems.

D.Itaimstotrainskilledworkersforthesociety.

54.

WhatdoestheauthormentionasacauseofchangesintheroleofchildintheUnitedStates?

55.

WhichofthefollowingisgivenbythewritertoshowbandwagonappealatworkinPara.3?

A.FightingforAmerica.

B.Nationalmovement.

C.Economiccampaigning.

D.Followingfashion.

56.

Thefamilymembersdumpedtheirfoodinthedisposalbecausethey______.

A.wantedtoeatout

B.thoughttheirfoodhadbeenspoiled

C.wantedtohaveapeacefulmeal

D.didn'tlikethefoodwithraisins

57.

Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.

A.thegeneralpublicistoonaivetoacceptthe"privatization"

B.thenotionthat"thecustomerisalwaysright"isoutofdate

C.itisageneraltrendthattherewillbemorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearch

D.thebovinespongiform.encephalopathyepidemicinBritainwasmoreseriousthanwhatwasdisclosed

58.Manyyearsago,amerchantinLondonhadthemisfortunetooweahugesumtoamoney-lenderwho,oldandugly,fanciedthemerchant'sbeautifuldaughter.Hesaidhewouldcancelthemerchant'sdebtifhecouldhavethegirlinstead.

Boththemerchantandhisdaughterwerehorrified.Sothecunningmoney-lenderproposedtheyletchancedecidethematter.Hetoldthemhewouldputablackpebbleandawhitepebbleintoanemptymoney-bagandthenthegirlwouldhavetopickoutofthepebbles.Ifshechosetheblackpebble,shewouldbecomehiswifeandherfather'sdebtwouldbecancelled.Ifshechosethewhiteone,shewouldstaywithherfatherandthedebtwouldbecancelled.Butifsherefusestopickoutapebble,herfatherwouldbethrownintojail.

Reluctantlythemerchantagreed.Theywerestandingonapebble-strewnpathastheytalkedandthemoney-lenderstoopedtopickupthetwopebbles.Thegirl,sharp-eyedwithfright,noticedthathepickeduptwoblackpebblesandputthemintothemoney-bag.

Whatwouldyoudoifyouweretheunfortunategirl?Ifyouhadtoadviseherwhatwouldyouadvisehertodo?

Whattypeofthinkingwouldyouusetosolvetheproblem?Youmaybelievethatcarefullogicalanalysismustsolvetheproblemifthereisasolution.Thistypeofthinkingisstraight-forwardverticalthinking.Theothertypeofthinkingislateralthinking.

Verticalthinkersarenotusuallyofmuchhelptoagirlinthissituation.Thewaytheyanalyzeit,therearethreepossibilities:

1.Thegiftshouldrefusetotakeapebble.

2.Thegirlshouldshowthattherearetwoblackpebblesinthebagandexposethemoney-lenderasacheat.

3.Thegirlshouldtakeablackpebbleandsacrificeherselftosaveherfatherfromprison.

Noneofthesesuggestionsisveryhelpful,forifthegirldoesn'ttakeapebbleherfathergoestoprison,andifshedoestakeapebble,shehastomarrythemoney-lender.

Thegirlinthestoryputherhandintothebagandtookoutapebble.Withoutlookingshefumbledandletitfalltothepathandimmediately,itlostamongtheothers.Thegirlapologizedforherclumsinessandsuggestedthatthemoney-lenderlookattheremainingpebbleinthebagandthentheycouldtellthecolorofthepebbleshehaschosen.Andthemoneylenderdarenotadmithisdishonesty.Thegirlhadchangedanimpossiblesituationintoanextremelyadvantageousone.

Thisstoryshowsthedifferencebetweenverticalthinkingandlateralthinking.Verticalthinkerstakeveryreasonableviewofasituationandproceedlogicallyandcarefullyworkeditout.Lateralthinkerstendtoexploreallthedifferentwaysoflookingatsomething,ratherthanacceptingthemostpromisingandproceedingfromthat.

Theauthorbeginsthisarticlewith______.

A.anamusinganecdote

B.awell-knownfable

C.anillustrativestory

D.anenlighteningfolk-tale

59.

AccordingtoJanetAnderson,theEPA______.

A.hascanceleditsapprovalforfieldtestsoftheGMorganism

B.hasn'treviewedthefindingsofIngham'sresearch

C.hasapprovedfieldtestsusingtheGMorganism

D.hasn'tgivenpermissionrdfieldtesttheGMorganism

60.

Whatcouldhappenifsomeofthechangesinthepresentworkpatternshavetobereversed?

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.

【S8】

62.Ineverycityandtowntherearcpeoplenamedas【S1】______

realestateagentswhowillhelpyoufindahouseto

rent.Buttheymaychargeafixednumberofmoney,【S2】______

suchasamonth'srentorapercentageoftheyear's

rent,tohelpyoufindaplace.Somecompaniespaythe

amountsfortheirworkers;othersdonot.Ifyouhavea

workintheUnitedStates,becertainthatyouask【S3】______

ifyourcompanywillpayforthisserviceornot【S4】_______

afteryousignanypaperswitharealestateagent.You【S5】_______

canalso