Day-2-2021年中考英语考前抢分练之阅读理解专练(广州专用)

Day2AAllovertheworld,thousandsofanimalsareusedforwildlifetourism.Peopletraveltowatchmonkeyshows,hugbabytigersandswimwithdolphins.Itmightlooklikefun,buttherearereportsthatanimalsarehurtnowandagain.TheWorldAnimalProtection（WAP）saysthatupto550,000wildanimalsareexposed（暴露）toilltreatmentaroundtheworld;inCambodia,forexample,it’sbeenreportedthatelephantshavediedaftercarryingtouristsforlonginhotweather.Thisisgettingattention—over100travelcompanieshavepromisedthattheywillnolongeropenupsuchplaces.However,somepeoplearguethatanimaltourismisn'talwaysasbadasitseems.Sowhatdoyouthink?GroupYesGroupNo•Animalsweren'tputonthisplanetforenjoyment.Theyshouldbefreetoliveastheychoose.•Thewayanimalsaretreatedisoftencruelandcausesmuchpain.Eveniftreatedwell,theycannotactinthesamewayastheywouldinthewild.•Wedon'tneedwildlifetourism.WecanseeanimalscloseupintheirnaturalhomeinTVprograms.There'snoneedtodisturb（打扰）theminreallife.•Itisenjoyableandeducationalforpeopletocommunicatewiththewonderfulanimals.Themorepeopleknowaboutthem,themoretheywanttoprotectthem.•Wildlifetourismbringsmoneytopoorareaandmaybetheonlywayforsomepeopletomakealiving.•Notallanimalsaretreatedbadly.Someendangeredanimalsareundertheprotectionofprogramsthatlookafterrarespecies（稀有物种）.1．Theunderlinedwords“suchplaces”referto（指）theplacesfor______.A．foreigntravelers B．sickelephantsC．wildlifeprotection D．animaltourism2．Whatopiniondothetwogroupshaveincommon?A．Animalscanlivewherevertheylike.B．Wildlifeshouldbeprotected.C．Animaltourismsupportspoorpeople.D．Wildlifeiswelllookedafter.3．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Waysofprotectingrarespecies.B．Differentopinionsonwildlifetourism.C．Howtobringtouristsenjoyment.D．Whethertocollectinformationonwildlife.【答案】1．D2．B3．B【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述野生动物旅游业给野生动物造成的影响以及针对是否要发展野生动物旅游业给出的两种观点。1．推理判断题。根据“over100travelcompanieshavepromisedthattheywillnolongeropenupsuchplaces”及“However,somepeoplearguethatanimaltourismisn'talwaysasbadasitseems.”可知，一些旅游公司承诺不再开放这样的地方，然而一些人认为动物旅游业并不总是糟糕的；故划线部分suchplaces指代的是下文中提到的“动物旅游业场所”。故选D。2．推理判断题。根据“Thewayanimalsaretreatedisoftencruelandcausesmuchpain.…”及“Themorepeopleknowaboutthem,themoretheywanttoprotectthem.”可知，第一组提到野生动物遭到的残酷对待，引申到野生动物保护；第二组同样提到了人们保护野生动物的话题。故选B。3．主旨大意题。根据“GroupYes”及“GroupNo”可知，文章就是否开展野生动物旅游业给出了两种不同的观点，并为此给出理由并展开讨论。故选B。BWhat’saspacewalk?Anytimeanastronautgetsoutofaspacecraftwhileinspace,itiscalledaspacewalk.Astronautsgoonspacewalksformanyreasons.Forexample,experimentscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft.Thisletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffectsdifferentthings.Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktotheearthtofix.Whenastronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.Insidespacesuits,astronautshavetheoxygentheyneedtobreatheandthewatertheyneedtodrink.Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleaveandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor.Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft.Tethersarelikeropes,connectthespacewalkerswiththespacecraft.Theykeepastronautsfromfloatingawayintospace.AnotherwayastronautsstaysafeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER.SAFERiswornlikeabackpack.Ithelpsanastronautmovearoundinspace.Howdoastronautstrainforspacewalks?Onewayisbygoingforaswim.Floatinginspaceisalotlikefloatinginwater.Astronautspracticespacewalksunderwaterinahugespecialswimmingpool.Foreveryonehourtheywillspendonaspacewalk,astronautsneedtotrainsevenhoursinthepool.Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality.Itlooksandfeelsjustlikeaspacewalk.Today,onlythreecountrieshavefinishedspacewalksindependently.TheyareRussia,theUnitedStatesandChina.ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia.ZhaiZhigangisthefirstChineseastronauttogoonaspacewalk.TheworldrecordofspacewalksisheldbyRussianastronautAnatolySolovyev.Hehasbeenon16spacewalksandspentmorethan82hoursoutsideinspace.4．Aboutthespacewalk,wecanknow________.A．somethingscanbefixedbyastronautsduringspacewalksB．allexperimentsmustbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraftC．anastronautcangetoutofaspacecraftanytimewhileinspaceD．aspacewalkletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffectsdifferentthings5．Howmanywaystokeeptheastronautssafeduringspacewalks?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.6．Astronautstrainforspacewalksby________.A．floatinginspaceB．usingvirtualrealityC．goingonspacewalksoutsideaspacecraftD．traininginwaterinacommonswimmingpool7．Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTtrue?A．Chinacanfinishaspacewalkindependently.B．Astronautscanbreatheanddrinkinspacesuits.C．AstronautscanmovearoundinspacewiththehelpofSAFER.D．AnatolySolovyevisthefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworld.【答案】4．A5．C6．B7．D【分析】本文主要讲述太空漫步，包括什么是太空漫步、太空漫步的原因、太空漫步时宇航员的安全保障、宇航员如何训练太空漫步以及人类太空漫步的历史。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktotheearthtofix.”可知，有些东西在太空行走时可以由宇航员修理，故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“…theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe…Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleaveandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor.Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft…AnotherwayastronautsstaysafeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER.”可知，宇航员可以穿航天服、通过一个特别的门离开和返回航天器、用安全绳或者穿舱外活动简便救援装置来保证安全，共四种方法，故选C。6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality.”可知，宇航员可以通过使用虚拟现实练习太空行走，故选B。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia.”可知，第一个太空行走的人是苏联的阿里克谢列昂诺夫，所以选项D是错误的，故选D。CIt’snosecretthatlaughterworkswondersforus.Andmuchresearchhasbeencarriedout,whichshowsthatlaughterisgoodforourgeneralhealthandwell-beige.Ithasbeenfoundtoreleaseendorphins(释放安多芬),ourbodiesnatural“feel-good”chemicals,intoourblood.Butaswegrowolder,wearemorelikelytofindfewerthingsfunny.Achildwilllaughonaverage300timesaday.Bythetimewereachadulthood,hisnumberisaround20.Butwhat’sbehindthis?Onetheorysuggeststhatit’snotaproblemoflosingoursenseofhumorbutrather,aswetakethingsabitmoreseriously.Laughterisverymuchsomethingwedowithothers.Studieshaveshownthatweare30timesmorelikelytofindsomethingfunnywhenwearewithothersthanwhenwearebyourselves.Buttolaughwithothers,wedoneedtofeelaconnectiontothem.Weneedtofeelcomfortableintheircompany.That’swhyitcanbedifficulttolaughwithstrangers.Laughterisalsoverycontagiousandoneperson’slaughcanspreadquicklythroughoutagroupofpeople.Butoftenwhatmakesusjoininisthefearofstandingoutandbeingdifferent.Welaugh,evenifwedon’treallygetthejoke,especiallyingroupscontrolledbyapowerfulperson.Whentheheadteachertellsajoke,forexample,youlaugh,eventhoughlateryoumightwonderifthejokewasreallythatfunnyatall.Therearemanydifferentreasonswhywelaugh.Herearethreewidelyacceptedtheories:TheIncongruityTheory:It’softentheunexpectedthatmakesuslaugh.Whenthingsthatwearefamiliarwithsuddenlytakeaturnintotheunknown,ourexpectationsarechallengedandthatoftenresultsinlaughter.TheSuperiorityTheory:Weoftenfindthemistakesandmisfortunesofothersfunny.Thiswouldexplainthepopularityofonlinevideosshowingpranks(恶作剧).TheReliefTheory:Laughofferslightrelief.Itexplainswhytherearesomanyjokesaboutthedarkerthingsinlife.Bybeingabletolaughatthem,weareabletofacethemmoreeasily.8．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Morefunnythingshappenwhenwearewithothers.B．Peoplefeelcomfortableinstrangers’company.C．Welaughsometimesbecauseofsocialneeds.D．Powerfulpeoplearemorelikelytobefunny.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contagious”probablymean?A．有区别的 B．有感染力的 C．令人害怕的 D．令人舒适的10．WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?A．Somethingfamiliariseasytomakepeoplelaugh.B．Thereareonly3theoriesaboutthereasonswhywelaugh.C．Everychildlaughs300timesandanadultlaughs20timesaday.D．TheSuperiorityTheorycanexplainwhypeoplelovemakingfunnyvideos.11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theartoflaughter.B．Thesignoflaughter.C．Thepoweroflaughter.D．Thescienceoflaughter.【答案】8．C9．B10．D11．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了笑的科学知识：多笑对人的好处，我们更容易对熟悉的人笑以及人们笑的几个原因和3个理论。8．推理判断题。根据第2段“Buttolaughwithothers,wedoneedtofeelaconnectiontothem.Welaugh,evenifwedon’treallygetthejoke,especiallyingroupscontrolledbyapowerfulperson.”可知，笑是人与人之间的一种联系，我们笑有时候是因为社交需要。故选C。9．词义猜测题。根据第2段“oneperson’slaughcanspreadquicklythroughoutagroupofpeople”可知，一个人的笑声很容易传遍一群人，所以笑声是有感染力的。故contagious的意思是有感染力的。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据第4段“Weoftenfindthemistakesandmisfortunesofothersfunny.Thiswouldexplainthepopularityofonlinevideosshowingpranks”可知，优越论能解释网络的搞笑视频很流行的原因，是因为我们经常觉得别人的错误和不幸很有趣。故D正确。故选D。11．主旨大意题。根据1段“Andmuchresearchhasbeencarriedout,whichshowsthatlaughterisgoodforourgeneralhealthandwell-beige.”可知，第1段主要介绍了笑对人身体的好处；再根据第4段“Therearemanydifferentreasonswhywelaugh.Herearethreewidelyacceptedtheories:TheIncongruityTheory:”可知，第4段主要介绍了人们笑的不同原因和3个理论。故本文主要介绍了笑的科学知识。故选D。DItwasachillyNovembereveninginNewYorkCity,andmydaughterandIwerewalkingupBroadway.Noranoticedaguysittinginsideacardboardboxnexttoanewsstand.Shepulledatmycoatsleeveandsaid,“Thatman’scold,Daddy.Canwetakehimhome?”Idon’tremembermyreply,butIdorememberasuddenheavyfeelinginsideme.Ihadalwaysbeendelightedathowmuchmydaughternoticedinherworld,whetheritwasbirdsinfightorchildrenplaying.Butnowshewasnoticingsufferingandpoverty.Shewasn’tevenfour.Afewdayslater,Isawanarticleinthenewspaperaboutvolunteerswhodeliveredmealstoelderlypeople.ThevolunteerswenttoanearbyschoolonaSundaymorning,pickedupafoodpackage,anddeliveredittoanelderlyperson.Isignedusup.Norawasexcitedaboutit.Shecouldunderstandtheimportanceoffood,soshecouldeasilyseehowvaluableourjobwas.WhenSundaycame,wepickedupthepackageandphonedtheelderlypersonwe’dbeenassigned.Sheinvitedusrightover.Thebuildingwasdepressing.Whenthedooropened,facinguswasasilverhairedwomaninanolddress.Shetookthepackageandaskedifwewouldliketocomein.Noraraninside.Ireluctantlyfollowed.Ourhostessshowedussomephotosofherfamily.Noraplayedandlaughed.Iacceptedasecondcupoftea.Whenitcametimetosaygoodbye,wethreestoodinthedoorwayandhugged.Iwalkedhomeintears.Whereelsebutasvolunteersdoyouhavetheopportunitytodosomethingenjoyablethat’sgoodforyourselfaswellasforothers?Indeed,thepovertymydaughterandIhelpedlessenthatSundayafternoonwasnotthewoman’saloneitwasinourlives,too.NowNoraandIregularlyservemealstoneedypeopleandcollectclothesforthehomeless.Yet,asI’vewatchedhergrowoverthesepastfouryears,Istillwonderwhichofushasbenefitedmore?12．WhatdoyouknowaboutthemanNoranoticedonthatevening?A．Hewasaskingforfood. B．Hewasoneofthosehomeless.C．Hewastakenhomebytheauthor. D．Hewasbuyinganewspaper.13．Whydidtheauthorhaveasuddenheavyfeeling?A．Becausehisdaughterhadnoticedthedarksideoflife. B．Becausehedidnotwanttotaketheguyhome.C．Becausehefeltadeepsympathyfortheguy. D．Becausehisdaughterwasafraidofwhatshesaw.14．Inwhatorderdidthestorytakeplace?a.Ihappenedtoreadapieceofwritingaboutvolunteers.b.Norafoundamanandwantedtohelphim.c.Wejustnotonlyhelpreducethepovertyofthewoman,butalsothepovert