英语新学案人教必修三全国通用版讲义UNIT3

Section_ⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Pre­reading1．MarkTwainisconsideredasthegreatestauthorandhumouristof19thcenturyAmericanLiterature.2．ListMarkTwain'sfamousworks.Doyouknowabouthisearlylife?SamuelClemens,moremonlyknownasMarkTwain,wasbornonNovember30,1835inFlorida,Missouri.Twainisconsideredthegreatestauthorandhumoristof19thcenturyAmericanLiterature(文学).HisnovelsandstoriesabouttheMississippiRiver:TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)andTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1894)arestillpopularwithmodernreaders.In1839theClemensfamilymovedtoHannibal,Missouri,ontheMississippiRiverwhereyoungSamexperiencedtheexcitementandcolorfulsightsofthewaterfront(海滨)．Likemanyauthorsofhisdayhehadlittleformaleducation.Hiseducationcamefromtheprintshopsandnewspaperofficeswhereheworkedasayouth.In1853ClemensleftHannibaltotravel.OnatriptoNewOrleanshepersuadedariverboatpilottoteachhimhisskill.Bythespringof1859Clemenswasalicensedriverboatpilot.AfteranunsuccessfulattemptatgoldandsilvermininghejoinedthestaffofanewspaperinVirginiaCity,Nevada.HefirstwroteunderthepennameMarkTwainin1863.TwainwrotehisfirstpopularstoryTheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCountyHecontinuedtotravelasareporterforvariousnewspapers,andin1869histravellettersfromEuropewerecollectedintothepopularbookTheInnocentsAbroad.EncouragedbyhissuccessTwainmarriedOliviaLangdonandsettleddowninHartford,Connecticuttohismostproductiveyearsasawriter.Between1873and1889hewrotesevennovelsincludinghisMississippiRiverbooksaswellasThePrinceandthePauper(1882)andAConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur'sCourt(1889)．AsTwain'slifeandcareerprogressedhebecamepessimistic(悲观的),losingmuchofthehumoroustoneofhisearlieryears.Moreandmoreofhisworkexpressedtheviewthathumanbeingsareselfish.EvensoTwainisbestrememberedasagreathumorist.WarmingUp1．Whatwouldyouliketodoifyouhaveamillionpoundbanknote?I_will_buy_my_favorite_things./I_will_help_the_poor.2．Readthebriefintroductiontothecharactersoftheplayandfillintheblanks.(1)Henry,apoor_Americanbusinessman.(2)Two_rich_brothers,_OliverandRoderickmadeabetonwhatwouldhappentoapersonifhewasgivenamillionpoundbanknote.FastReadingScanthepassageandthenchoosethebestanswersaccordingtothepassage.1．WhydidthetwobrothersgiveHenryAdamsanenvelope?A．BecausetheywantedtoplayatrickonHenry.B．BecausetheyhadapityonHenry.C．Becausetheymadeabet.D．BecauseHenrywasnotanEnglishman.2．HowdidHenryAdamsfeelwhenhegotanenvelopefromthebrothers?A．Sad. B．Happy.C．Astonished. D．Hetookitforgranted.3．HenrycametoBritainforthefirsttimeinhislife________.A．tofindabetterlifeB．tomakeanadventureC．allbyaccidentD．tofindthetwobrothers4．WhydidHenry'seyesstareattheleftoversonthebrothers'table?A．Becausehehadneverseensuchanicedinner.B．Becausehewantedtohelpthemcleanthetable.C．Becausehewasveryhungry.D．Becausehewasangry.5.WhywasOliversohappywhenhearingHenrysayhehadnomoney?A．Becausetheycoulddosomethinggoodforhim.B．Becausetheywereinterestedtofindsopooraman.C．Becausetheycouldshowofftheirbanknotetohim.D．Becausetheyfinallyfoundtherightpersonfortheirbet.答案：1～5CCCCDCarefulReading1．Readthepassageandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)WheredoesHenryAdamsefrom?DoesheknowmuchaboutLondon?Henry_es_from_San_Francisco.No,_he_doesn't_know_London_at_all.(2)WhydidhelandinBritain?Because_he_was_sailing_out_the_bay_when_he_was_carried_out_to_sea_by_a_strong_wind_and_was_saved_by_a_ship_for_London.2．Readthepassageandputthefollowingstatementsinthecorrectorderaccordingtothedevelopmentofthestory.(1)______A．Henrypromisesnottoopentheletteruntiloneandahalfhourslater.(2)______B．Henryintroduceshimselftothetworichbrothers.(3)______C．ThetworichbrothersgivealetterwithabanknoteinittoHenry.(4)______D．ThetworichbrothersinviteHenrytotheirbigandbeautifulhouse.(5)______E．HenrywandersonthestreetsofLondon，hungryandalone.(6)______F．Henrydecidestoacceptthemoney.(7)______G．Henryisunwillingtoacceptthemoney,forhejustwantstohaveanhonestjob.答案：(1)～(7)EDBCGFA3．Readthepassageandtrytowritedownthemainideaofthepassage.Thetextisastoryabouta(n)(1)AmericanbusinessmanwhoislostinLondonbutis(2)fortunate/luckyenoughtobeinvitedtoabighousebytworichbrothersand(3)givenanenvelopewithamillionpoundbanknoteinitbythemwhohavemadeabet.SummaryReadthepassagecarefullyandfillintheblanks.Sailinghome,Henry,aSanFranciscobusinessman,foundhimself1．carried(carry)outtoseabyastrongwind.Whenhehadjustaboutgivenhimselfupforlost,he2.was_spotted(spot)byaship,sohelandedinLondon3.byaccident.Hungryandalone,hewalkedonthestreetsofthecitywhenhewas4.unexpectedly(expect)calledintoamansion,5.wheretworichbrothers,OliverandRoderick,gavehimaletterandtoldhimnottoopenittilltwoo'clockoftheday.Not6.knowing(know)itwasamillionpoundbanknote,Henryleftthemansionandwentintoacheaprestauranttostuffhisstomach.Everybodywasrudetohim7.because/ashewasinragsandlookeddepressed.Then,tothesurpriseofeverybody,hehandedtheowneramillionpoundbanknotetopay8.forthemeal.Seeingthenote,allthepeopleintherestaurantbecamepoliteandtriedtheirbest9.to_please(please)Henry.Don'tyouthinkit's10.themostincredibletaleintheworld？DiscussionThinkaboutwhatkindofpersonHenrywas.(1)He_was_honest.(It_is_my_first_trip_here.Well,_to_be_honest,_I_have_none.Well,_I_can't_say_that_I_have_any_plans.)(2)He_was_hard­working.(I_earned_my_passage_by_working_as_an_unpaid_hand.Could_you_offer_me_some_kind_of_work_here?I_don't_want_your_charity,_I_just_want_an_honest_job.)Section_ⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints(一)依据英文释义和首字母提示写出单词1．scene：apartofafilm,movieplayinwhichtheactionhappensinoneplaceorisofoneparticulartype2．seek：tolookforsomebodyorsomething3．contrary：differentfromsomething;againstsomething4．wander：towalkslowlyaroundortoaplace,oftenwithoutanyparticularsenseofpurposeordirection5．account：togiveasatisfactoryexplanationofwhysomethinghashappenedorwhyyoudidsomething6．spot：tonoticesomething,especiallysomethingthatisdifficulttosee,orthatyouarelookingfor7．fault：theresponsibilityforsomethingwrongthathashappenedorbeendone8．stare：tolookatsomethingorsomeoneforalongtimewithoutmovingyoureyes(二)用所给词的适当形式填空9．I'llsaveeverypennyandsaynotoanyunnecessaryspending,otherwiseIwillbepenniless.(penny)10．Thereportershaveobtainedpermitstoattendthemeetingbuttheyarenotpermittedtophotograph.(permit)11．Weshouldhavethepatiencetobepatientwiththepatientssufferingalot.(patience)1．scenen．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色形象记忆★背诵佳句培育语感(鲜活例句)Theyrushedtothesceneofthetrafficaccident.他们火速赶到车祸的现场。(鲜活例句)Wouldyouliketoenjoythescenesinthemountainswithme?你情愿与我一起观赏山区的风光吗？(鲜活例句)Inthesecondscene,themanwaskilledinthefireaccident.在其次幕，这个人死于大火。★归纳拓展全析考点onthescene 在现场；当场behindthescenes 在幕后；暗中①Reportersweresoononthesceneaftertheaccident.那场事故发生后不久记者就赶到了现场。②Hisfatherisanimportantmanbehind_the_scenes.他父亲是一个幕后的重要人物。★明辨易混防范失误比拟view,scene,scenery,sightview多指从远处或高处等某个角度所观察的“景物；景致〞scene除表示“景物；景致〞外，还有“场面〞之意，大多包括人及人的活动在内scenery指一个地区全部的自然景色，如高山、森林、溪谷等，是不行数名词sight指人们巡游观光的风景，特殊值得一看的景物，也可指“情景；景象；视力〞形象记忆用view,scene,scenery和sight填空③You'llgetafineviewofthetownfromthemountaintop.④WevisitedthehistoricalsightsofChinalastsummer.⑤Thesceneryofthiscountryisunparalleled(无双的)．⑥Theboatsintheharbormakeabeautifulscene.2．permitvt.&vi.许可；允许；准许n．[C]通行证；许可证；执照★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.先生，请让我来带路吧。(鲜活例句)Youcan'tworkherewithoutaworkpermit.你没有工作许可证就不能在这里工作。★归纳拓展全析考点(1)permitsb.todosth. 允许某人做某事permitdoingsth. 允许做某事(2)withoutpermission 未经许可askforpermission 恳求允许①Theyarenotpermittedtotakephotosinthepark.不允许他们在公园里拍照。②Wedon'tpermit_smokinginthemeetingroom.我们不允许在会议室抽烟。[点津]用法和permit相同(即其后既可以接动名词，又可以接不定式的复合结构)的其他动词还有encourage,allow,advise,remend,forbid等。3．faultn．过错；缺点；毛病；故障★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)Itwasallmyfault.这都是我的错。(鲜活例句)Hergreatestfaultisthatshetalkstoomuch.她最大的缺点是话太多。★归纳拓展全析考点findfaultwith 挑剔findfaultin 看出……的缺点；找出……的毛病①Heisalwaysfindingfaultwithme,whichmakesmeveryangry.他总是对我百般挑剔，这使我特别生气。②Ican'tfind_fault_inyourpaper.Itisperfect.从你的文章里我找不到错误，它完善无瑕。★明辨易混防范失误比拟fault,mistakefault多指性格上的弱点或行为上的过错mistake表示错误、误会、误会等，多指缺乏正确理解造成的错误用fault和mistake填空③NowamajorityofAmericansbelievethatdoingsuchathingisabigmistake.④Itwashisfaultthatwewerelate.4．spotvt.发觉；认出n．斑点；污点；地点★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.其次天早上，我正感到无望的时候，一艘船发觉了我。(鲜活例句)Idon'tknowtheexactspotwhereithappened.我不知道事情发生的确切地点。★归纳拓展全析考点(1)spotthat... 发觉……bespottedwith... 满是……斑点spotsth./sb.doingsth. 看到某物/某人正在做某事(2)onthespot 马上；立刻；当场①Thewindscreenwasspottedwiththerain.挡风玻璃被雨弄脏了。②Neighboursspottedsmokeingoutofthehouse.邻居们发觉有烟从这所房子里冒出来。③PrimeMinisterLiwason_the_spotshortlyafterthebigearthquakestruckLudian.鲁甸大地震后不久李就赶到了现场。5．accountvi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n．说明；理由；计算；账目；报道★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.事实上，我是靠做义工来顶替船费，这正是我衣冠不整的缘由。(鲜活例句)Tom'scarelessdrivingaccountedfortheaccident.汤姆的马虎驾驶引起了这场事故。(鲜活例句)Hegavethepoliceafullaccountoftheaccident.他对警方具体说明白这起事故。(鲜活例句)Tosavemoney,youmayopenacurrentaccountatabank.为了节省钱，你可以在银行开立一个活期账户。★归纳拓展全析考点(1)accountfor 说明(缘由等)；做出解释；占……(比例)(2)open/closeabankaccount 开立或关闭银行账户onaccountof＝becauseof 由于；由于onnoaccount 不管什么理由都不oaccount＝oconsideration 考虑……；把……考虑在内①He'llhavetoaccountforwhereeverycentgoes.他得说明所花掉的每一分钱的用途。②On_no_accountwillIloseheart.我决不会灰心丧气。③Beforemakingadecision,weshouldtakeintoaccounttheneedsofcustomers.在我们做出打算之前，我们应当考虑一下顾客的需要。[点津]onnoaccount置于句首，句子要倒装。6．seekvt.&vi.(sought,sought)查找；探究；寻求★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)IwenttotheAmericanembassytoseekhelp,but...我向大使馆求助，但是……(鲜活例句)Wesoughtlongandhardbutfoundnoanswer.我们费劲多时也未找到答案。★归纳拓展全析考点seekfor/after 查找；追求seeksb./sth.out 找出某人/某物seeksth.(fromsb.) (向某人)寻求某物seektodosth. 试图做某事①Theyareseekingforsolutionstotheproblems.他们正在查找这些问题的解决方法。②Howcanweseek_outareallygoodpersonforthejob?我们怎样才能找到一个真正适合的人来做这项工作？③Shemanagedtocalmhimdownandseekhelpfromaneighbour.她设法使他安静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。④Wearealwaysseekingto_improveworkingconditions.我们始终设法改善工作条件。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Policeappearedonthescenesoonaftertheaccidenthappened.2．Theyoungmansoughtto_speak(speak)toher,butshewalkedaway.3．Lucycouldnotaccountforherbeinglateforthemeeting.4．Ispottedhimplaying(play)footballwithhisclassmatesontheplayground.5．Don'talwaysfindfaultwithyourbrother.6．Theyenteredtheareawithoutpermission(permit)．7．Don'tbreakinwhentheadventurer(adventure)istellinghisownstory.8．Withoutpatience(patient)onecan'tbeagoodteacher.Ⅱ.完成句子1．我始终在设法改良我的教学方法。Iamalwaysseeking_to_improvemyteachingmethod.2．你做的和我的期望相反。Whatyoudidwas_contrary_tomyexpectation.3．你能解释他这次考试失败的缘由吗？Canyouaccount_forhisfailureintheexam?4．女老师不允许我们在办公室吸烟。Thewomenteachersdon'tpermit_us_to_smokeintheoffice.5．观察这可怕的场面，他们吓呆了。Seeingthe_terrible_scene,_theywerefrightened.6．她抬起眼来盯着我看。Sheraisedhereyesandstared_at_me.1．bebasedon 以……为根底2．bringup 抚养；培育；教育；提出；呕吐3．alargesumof 大量的；一大笔4．goahead 朝前走；前进；可以；往下说5．asamatteroffact 事实上6．byaccident/chance 偶然；意外地；无意中；不当心7．stareat 盯着看；注视8．giveup 放弃9．accountfor 做出解释；说明；导致10．onthecontrary 与此相反；正相反1．bringup抚养；培育；教育；提出；呕吐★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)HewasbroughtupinHannibal,Missouri,alongtheMississippiRiver.他生长在密西西比河沿岸密苏里州的汉尼拔。(鲜活例句)Hisnewsuggestionwasbroughtupatthemeeting.他的新建议在会上被提出来了。(鲜活例句)Thewomanfellillandbroughtupwhatsheate.这位妇女生病了，把吃的东西吐了出来。★归纳拓展全析考点bringin 引进；获利；bringabout 引起；导致bringdown 使倒下；削减；降低(价格、温度等)①putershavebroughtaboutmanychangesintheworkplace.电脑给工作场所带来许多变化。②Thegovernmentistryingto_bring_downhousingpricenow.政府现在正设法降低房价。2．goahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；走在前面★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)—Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyou'dmindusaskingafewquestions.亚当斯先生，不知你是否介意我们问几个问题。—Notatall.Gorightahead.不介意，请问吧。(鲜活例句)Thebuildingofthenewbridgewillgoaheadasplanned.新桥的修建将按方案进行。(鲜活例句)Foodandgrassshouldgoaheadoftroopsandhorses.兵马未动，粮草先行。★归纳拓展全析考点goby 经过；时间消逝goagainst 违反gothrough 扫瞄；翻阅；患病；用完；认真检查goover 复习；检查①Shewentagainsthermother'swishes.她违反了她母亲的意愿。②Wearebusygoing_overourlessonsbeforetheexam.考试之前我们忙于复习功课。3．byaccident偶然；意外地；无意中；不当心★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.事实上，我在英国上岸纯属偶然。(鲜活例句)Isteppedonyourfootsimplybyaccident.我不当心踩了你的脚。★归纳拓展全析考点bychance 偶然；意外地onpurpose 成心地bydesign 成心地①Icamehereonpurposetoseeyou.我特地来这里看你。②Didyoudoitbychanceoron_purpose/by_design?你是偶然还是成心做的？[点津]表示“偶然遇到〞的动词短语：eacross,runinto,meet...bychance,meetwith,runacross等。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Herhusbanddied,soshehadtobringupthreeyoungchildrenonherown.2．Goahead;_wearealllistening.3．Manyabrightideahasbeenhitonbyaccident.4．Howdoyouaccountforlosingfivegamesinarow?5．—Ithinkyou'requitefreenow.—Onthecontrary,Ihavetonsofthingstodo!6．Asisknowntoall,it'snotpolitetostareatastranger.Ⅱ.完成句子1．——我能用你的自行车吗？——用吧。—CouldIuseyourbike?—Go_ahead.2．他在会上重新提出了那个问题。Hebrought_upthequestionagainatthemeeting.3．小女孩不当心碰落了玻璃杯。Thelittlegirlknockedtheglassoffby_accident.4．别那样盯着我看。Donotstare_at_melikethat.5．她不能解释她的愚蠢错误。Shecouldn'taccount_forherfoolishmistake.6．对我来说，它不丑，相反，我认为它相当美丽。Itdoesn'tseemuglytome;on_the_contrary,_Ithinkit'sratherbeautiful.1．[句型展现]Well,towardsnightfallIfound_myself_carried_outtoseabyastrongwind.嗯，黄昏时分，我发觉自己被一阵大风刮进了海里。[典例背诵]Onthewayhome,shefoundhernecklacelost.在回家的路上，她发觉自己的项链丢了。2．[句型展现]ThenextmorningI'd_just_about_givenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.其次天早上，我正感到无望的时候，一艘船发觉了我。[典例背诵]Hehadjustwalkedintotheclassroomwhenitbegantorain.他刚走进教室，就在这时开头下雨了。3．[句型展现]Andit_wastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.正是那艘船把你送到了英国。[典例背诵]Itistheabilitytodothejobthatmatters,notwhereyouefromorwhatyouare.关键是你的工作力量而不是你从哪儿来或你是谁。1．Well,towardsnightfallIfound_myself_carried_outtoseabyastrongwind.嗯，黄昏时分，我发觉自己被一阵大风刮进了海里。foundmyselfcarriedout属于“find＋宾语＋宾补〞结构。myself是found的宾语，过去分词短语carriedout作宾补。“find＋宾语＋宾补〞结构形式归纳：(1)find＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词/介词短语,现在分词表主动或正在进行,过去分词表被动或完成))(2)findit＋形容词/名词＋todo(it是形式宾语，todo是真正的宾语)①Whenheawoke,hefoundhimselfinaroomhedidn'trecognize.等他醒来，他发觉自己来到一个完全生疏的房间。②Agroupofchildrenwere_found_playingontheplayground.有人发觉一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。③Ifoundmywalletstolenonthebus.我发觉我的钱包在公交车上被偷了。④Somestudentsfind_it_not_easytounderstandEnglishgrammar.一些同学发觉理解英语语法不简洁。2．ThenextmorningI'd_just_about_givenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.其次天早上，我正感到无望的时候，一艘船发觉了我。本句中“hadjustdone...when...〞为常用句式，其意思为“刚做完……，正在这/那时……〞，其中when是并列连词，意为“正在这时/那时〞，相当于justatthattime。①Ihadjustfinishedmyhomeworkwhenthelightwentout.我刚做完作业，那时突然灯灭了。并列连词when常用于以下句型： 某人正在做……这时……sb.hadjustdone...when... 某人刚做完……这时…… 某人刚要做……这时…… 某人刚要做……这时……②Iwas_walkingalongthestreetwhensomeonecalledmefrombehind.我正沿着街道走时，突然后面有人喊我。③IwasabouttogooutwhenTomcamein.我刚要出去，这时汤姆进来了。3．Andit_wastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.正是那艘船把你送到了英国。本句属于强调句型，强调主语theship。(1)强调句型是英语中最常使用的句型之一，其构成形式是：Itis/was＋被强调局部＋that/who＋其他局部。①IcameacrossJimintheparkyesterday.昨天我在公园偶遇吉姆。→ItwasIthat/whocameacrossJimintheparkyesterday.(强调主语)→ItwasJimthat/whoIcameacrossintheparkyesterday.(强调宾语)→ItwasintheparkthatIcameacrossJimyesterday.(强调地点状语)→ItwasyesterdaythatIcameacrossJiminthepark.(强调时间状语)[点津]1)强调主语时，that/who后的谓语与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持全都；2)强调时间和地点状语时，不能用when或where替换that。②ItisJimratherthanhisparentswho/thatisgoingtoSouthAfrica.是吉姆而不是他父母将要去南非。(2)一般疑问式：Is/Wasit＋被强调局部＋that/who＋句子其他局部?③Wasitinthehousethathemadeit这就是他做那件事的房子吗？(3)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋is/wasitthat＋句子其他局部？④When_is_itthattheywillleaveforBeijing?他们什么时候要动身去北京？(4)not...until...的强调句式：Itis/wasnotuntil...that＋句子其他局部？⑤It_was_not_untilshespokethatIrealizedshewasMary.直到她开口说话我才认出她是玛丽。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ihadjustgonetobedwhenthephonerang.2．Itwasyesterdaythatheboughtabook.3．Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselflocked(lock)intheroom.Ⅱ.翻译句子1．我们到达车站时，火车已经离开了。The_train_had_left_when_we_got_to_the_station.2．我发觉有几个孩子围着我。I_found_myself_surrounded_by_a_few_children.3．正是在1983年该俱乐部成立了。It_was_in_1983_that_the_club_was_set_up.4．是什么让你如此欢乐？What_is_it_that_makes_you_so_happy?Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theoryisbasedonpracticeandinturnservespractice.2．Hisviewsarecontrarytomine.3．Inourclass,thenumberofstudentswholikepopularmusicaccountsfor90%.4．Thisisthespotwherethetwotruckscollided.5．Sheaskedforpermission(permit)toleaveworkearly.6．ItwasnotuntilthewindowwasshutthatIwentdownstairs.7．Whenshecametolife,shefoundherselflying(lie)inhospital.8．Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Thesickoldmandoesnothingbutstares_at(盯着看)theceilingalldaylong.2．How_do_you_account_for(你怎样解释)yourlongabsencefromclasseswithoutaskingforleave?3．Hemanagedtopersuadehisparentsto_permit/allow_him_to_seek_a_job(允许他找一份工作)．4．Jimdidn'tetoschoolyesterday,andas_a_matter_of_fact(事实上),hedidn'tealllastweek.5．BillwasborninCanadabutwas_brought_up(被抚养长大)inAmerica.6．Idon'tknowwhethertheydiditby_chance(偶然)orbydesign.Ⅲ.阅读理解AFirstpublishedin2001,thebookLifeofPiwrittenbyCanadianauthorYannMartelwontheManBookerPrizeandanAsianAmericanPrizeforLiterature.ItisthestoryofayoungboynamedPiwhospends227daysatseawithasmallgroupofanimalsafterdisasterstrikestheirshipandisanaccountofhisjourneyofsurvivalandhardship.Piscine“Pi〞MolitorPatel,onwhomLifeofPiisbased,isayoungboylivinginPondicherry,India,wherehisfatherownsazoo.ThestorystartswhenPatel'sfamilydecidetomovetoCanada,alongwiththeirzooanimalsfortheirnewhome.However,becauseofthebadweather,theshipsinks.Pi,anorangutan(猩猩),aninjuredzebra,ahyena(鬣狗)andaBengaltigernamedRichardParkeraretheonlysurvivorswhotakeshelterinasmalllifeboat.Boththeinjuredzebraandtheorangutanaresoonkilledandeatenbythehyena.Thetigerinturnkillsandeatsthehyena,leavingjustthetwoofthemaloneontheboatnow.InanefforttoavoidbeingeatenbyRichardParker,Piactshimselfastheheadofthegroupandremainssafefromharm.Sincehedoesnotwantthetigertodieforfearofgoingmadbybeingaloneontheboat,hefishesandfeedsthetwooftheminordertostayalive.ThelifeofPithenentersitsthirdstagewhentheirlifeboatwashesupontheshoresofMexicoandthetigerescapesintoanearbyforestleavingPialone.AftertheMexicansrefusetobelievePi'sstory,hechangeshistalebyreplacingtheanimalswithhismother,acookandasailorandaskstheMexicanswhichonetheyprefer.Theypreferhearingthefirststorythoughtheydonotbelieveawordofit.Inmyview,LifeofPiisamustreadbookforallthosewholovereading.eq\x(语篇解读：本文介绍了加拿大著名作家YannMartel的小说LifeofPi。)1．WecanlearnthatthebookLifeofPi________.A．waswrittenin2001B．wasawardedtwoprizesC．tellsastoryaboutfriendshipD．isbasedontheauthor'spersonalexperience解析：选B细节理解题。依据第一段的“...wontheManBookerPrizeandanAsianAmericanPrizeforLiterature.〞可知，这本书被授予两项大奖。应选B项。2．InthebookLifeofPithehyenaiskilledby________.A．Pi B．thezebraC．theorangutan D．RichardParker解析：选D细节理解题。从第三段的“Thetigerinturnkillsandeatsthehyena〞可知，老虎把鬣狗吃掉了，同时依据“aBengaltigernamedRichardParker〞可知这只老虎名叫RichardParker。应选D项。3．HowdoesPiescapebeingeatenbythetiger?A．Bycatchingfishesforthetiger.B．Bylockingthetigerinacage.C．Bybeingtheleaderofthetwoofthem.D．Byfightingwiththetiger.解析：选C推理推断题。从第四段的“Piactshimselfastheheadofthegroupandremainssafefromharm〞可知，为了防止被老虎吃掉，Pi处处表现为他们两个的首领。应选C项。4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthebookLifeofPi?A．Disappointed. B．Supportive.C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.解析：选B观点态度题。依据最终一段作者竭力推举这本书，可推知他对该书是持欣赏态度的。BAlanKing,anAmericanedian,wasborninNewYorkCityonDecember26,1927.Hewastheyoungestofeightchildren.Hisfamilyenvironmentfostered(培育)hisinterestinstorytelling,butitwasthestreetsofNewYorkthatledhimtohumor.BoysinNewYorklearnedtoprotectthemselvesearlyonthestreetsandifitwasnotwiththeirfists,itwaswithhumor,andKinghadananswertoeverything.Seeingafutureinmakingpeoplelaugh,Kingleftschoolandbeganrememberingjokeshehadheardinbasementclubs.Hediscoveredaperfectwaytomakepeoplelaugh:shiningalightonthehumorineverydaylife.TheaudienceloveditandKingwasonhisway.Hemovedupintheshowbusinessranks,performingclubgigs(特约演出)andgettinghisfirstchanceasareplacementwhenaicwassick.Butitwashisappearanceasafirstact“closer〞in1956thatmadeKingastar.Sincethen,KingbecamearegularonTheEdSullivanShow,andwastheguesthostofTheTonightShow'sactwasstreet­wise,smart,understandable,andfunny.Notonlythemiddleclass,buteveryonecouldrelatetohishumorousstories.Hisinterestsweregreaterthanjusttheshowbusiness,andhebecameknownasapoliticalactivist.KingwasclosetoRobertKennedyandwentwithKennedy'sbodytoWashingtonD．C.afterhewasassassinatedin1968.Kingisalsotheauthoroffourbest­sellingbooks:AnybodyWhoOwnsHisOwnHomeDeservesIt,IsSalamiandEggsBetterThanSex？，Help,I'maPrisonerinaChineseBakery,andhisautobiographyNameDropping.Healsostartedascholarship(奖学金)forAmericanstudentsatHebrewUniversity.Inmedicalcircles,hewasknownforraisingfundsforEmotionallyDisturbedChildrenandforfoundingtheAlanKingDiagnosticMedicalCenterinJerusalem.语篇解读：AlanKing是著名喜剧演员，凭借着与生俱来的幽默感，他的表演深受人们宠爱。与此同时，AlanKing又是一名作家，并且其对教育事业有杰出奉献。5．HowdidAlanKingprotecthimselfonthestreetsofNewYorkwhenhewasyoung?A．Hefoughtwithotherboys.B．Heaskedhisfamilytohelp.C．Heusedhissenseofhumor.D．Hechosetostayathome.解析：选C细节理解题。依据第一段最终一句话“...itwaswithhumor,andKinghadananswertoeverything.〞可知C项正确。6．FromthesecondparagraphwecanlearnthatAlanKing________.A．enjoyedmakingupjokesB．gaveupschoolduetopovertyC．wasn'tpopularwithaudienceatfirstD．lookedatdailylifeinahumorousway解析：选D推理推断题。依据其次段“...rememberingjokeshehadheardinbasementclubs.〞可知A项错误；依据同段“Seeingafutureinmakingpeoplelaugh,Kingleftschool...〞可知B项错误；依据同段“Theaudiencelovedit...〞可知C项错误；依据同段“Hediscoveredaperfectwaytomakepeoplelaugh:shiningalightonthehumorineverydaylife.〞可知D项正确。7．WhatdoweknowaboutKingandhislifeintheshowbusiness?A．Heactedregularlyafter1956.B．Hisaudienceweremainlyupper­classpeople.C．HeoncehostedTheEdSullivanShow.D．Hefirstbecamefamouswhenhereplacedasickic.解析：选A细节理解题。依据第三段“Sincethen,KingbecamearegularonTheEdSullivanShow,andwastheguesthostofTheTonightShowonseveraloccasions.〞可知A项正确，C项错误；依据同段“Notonlythemiddleclass,buteveryonecouldrelatetohishumorousstories.〞可知B项错误；依据同段“Butitwashisappearanceasafirstact‘closer’in1956thatmadeKingastar.〞可知D项错误。8．Theunderlinedword“assassinated〞means“________〞．A．chosen B．woundedC．interviewed D．murdered解析：选D词义猜想题。依据第三段Kennedy'sbody可知assassinate是murder的意思。Ⅳ.语法填空FromMondaytoFriday,mostpeoplearebusyworkingorstudying,butintheeveningsandonweekendstheyarefreetorelaxandenjoy__1__(they).SomewatchTV__2__gotothecinema.Otherstakepartinsports.Therearemanydifferentways__3__(spend)theirsparetime.Almosteveryonehassomekindofhobby.Itmaybeanythingfromcollectingstampsto__4__(make)modelairplanes.Somehobbiesareexpensive,__5__othersdon'tcostanythingatall.Some__6__(collect)areworthalotofmoney.Othersarevaluableonlytotheowners.Iknow__7__manwhohasacoincollectionworthD|S250.Hewasveryhappyabouthispurchaseand__8__(think)thepricewasreasonable.Besides,myyoungestbrothercollectsmatchboxes.Hehasalmost600ofthembutIdoubtiftheyareworthanymoney.However,tomybrothertheyare__9__(extreme)valuable.Nothingmakeshim__10__(happy)thantofindanewmatchboxforhiscollections.Thisiswhatahobbymeans,Iguess.Itissomethingweliketodoinoursparetimesimplyforfun.Thevalueindollarsisnotimportant.Wedoitforthepleasureitgives.答案：3.tospend5．while9．extremelySection_ⅢLearning_about_Language_&_Using_LanguageScanthepassageandthenchoosethebestanswersaccordingtothepassage.1．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．HenrylostthebanknoteB．Henry'sbanknotewasstoleninahotelC．Henry'sexperienceafterhegotthebanknoteD．Henryspenthismoneythatheowned2．WhatfooddidnotHenryorder?A．Steak. B．Pineapple.C．Hamandeggs. D．Bread.3．WhatdidHenryfindintheenvelope?A．Nothing.B．Aphoto.C．Apicture.D．Amillionpoundbanknote.4．HowdidHenryfeelwhenhefoundthemillionpoundbanknoteintheenvelope?A．Surprised. B．Crazy.C．Glad. D．Sad.5．Whatcanwelearnfromthewaiter'slookandmanneratfirst?A．HewantedtobeatHenry.B．HethoughtHenrywasabeggar.C．HewasrudetoHenry.D．HethoughtHenrycouldn'tpayforthemeal.答案：1～5CDDAD(一)依据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词1．amountn．数量2．mannern．礼貌；举止；方式3．screamvi.尖声叫n．尖叫声；喊叫声4．indeedadv.真正地；的确；实在5．bowvi.&n．鞠躬；弯腰6．dessertn．餐后甜点→desertn．沙漠(二)用所给词的适当形式填空7．It'srudeofyoutoshoutrudelyattheoldman.(rude)8．Everyoneknowsheisgenuinebecausehegenuinelyapologizedtous.(genuine)9．Hewasinrags.Thatistosay,hewasragged.(rag)10．Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyworkwithanunbelievablespeed.(believe)1．amountn．数量vi.合计；共计；接近★背诵佳句培育语感(教材原句)I'mafraidit'llcosta