高二英语人教版必修八讲义UNIT1SECTIONⅡ

Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Testingisstilltheusualmeans(方法)bywhichstudents'progressismeasuredinmostChineseschools.2．Thankstothegoodpolicy,economyisbooming(富强),whichhascreatedjobopportunities.3．Itwasbeingdistinct(明显的)tomethatshedidn'tlikeme.4．Astrongmanwillbearhardship(困苦)withoutplaining.5．Onlyafewoftheshopkeepersthoughthighlyoftheplan.Themajority(大多数)wereagainstit.6．Whatpercentage(百分比)ofthestudentswereabsent?7．TaiwanIslandandthemainlandareseparatedbytheTaiwanStraits(海峡)．8．ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistry(部长)announcedthenewstothereporters.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．majorityn．大多数；大半→2．Italyn．意大利→Italiann．&adj.意大利人(的)；意大利语(的)3．racialadj.人种的；种族的→racen．人种；种族4．electvt.选择；选举→electionn．选举5．aircraftn．飞行器；飞机→aircraft(pl.)6．immigratevi.移入(外国定居)→immigrationn．移民；移居入境[巧记单词]例词规律派生词racialn.去e­ial→adj.electionv.＋­ion→n.immigrationv.去e＋­ion→n.合成词aircraftn.＋n.→n.Ⅲ.补全短语1．liveon 连续存在；连续生存；依靠……生存2．bymeansof... 用……方法；借助……3．declarewaron/against... 向……宣战4．Makealife 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等5．beehometo 成为……的家园6．Keepup 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)7．Sufferfrom 患病8．inaddition 而且；除……以外(还)1．[教材原句]ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.最早的一批人详细是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚州地区的，谁也说不清晰。[句型点拨]what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。[佳句赏析]In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。2．[教材原句]However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，可能至少在15000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。[句型点拨]itislikelythat...“有可能……〞。[佳句赏析]It'slikelythattheconferencewillbeputoffbecauseoftheweather.这次会议有可能会由于天气缘由而被推迟。3．[教材原句]OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大局部是人士，他们的职责是向原居住人民传授天主教。[句型点拨]修饰序数词thelast或theonly等或被这些词限定的名词或代词时，用不定式作定语。[佳句赏析]ShewasthefirstathletetowinthegoldmedalinRioOlympics.她是第一个在里约奥运会上赢得金牌的运发动。4．[教材原句]Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们信任，用不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会特别之大，以至于不行能存在一种明显的主要种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。[句型点拨]Itisbelievedthat...“人们认为/信任……〞，其构成为：It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句。[佳句赏析]Itisbelievedthatgreenhousegasesarethemaincausesofglobalwarming.人们认为温室气体是全球变暖的主要缘由。1．Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.(P1)这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以连续。★liveon连续存在；连续生存；以……为食；靠……为生写出以下句中liveon的含义①Inordertoliveon,thelionshavetoleavethisgrasslandforanotherplace.连续生存②ForKobe,20­yearNBAcareerfinallycloseditsdoor,buthisspiritandachievementstillliveon.连续存在③Thepoordisabledcoupleliveonasmalline.靠……为生④Apandalivesonbambooleaves.以……为食livethrough经受……而幸存liveupto符合；不辜负(盼望)；履行livewith和……一起生活；容忍……live/leada...life过着……的生活⑤Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.当你扫瞄这本书时，你会发觉经受过二战的数百万中的每一个人都有不同的经受。⑥Hadsheliveduptoherpromise,shewouldhavemadeittoYale假如她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁高校了。2．However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(P2)然而，可能至少在15000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。★itislikelythat...＝sb./sth.belikelytodosth.“做某事是可能的〞①Itislikelythattheweatherwillbefinetomorrow.＝Theweatherislikelytobefinetomorrow.明每天气可能会很晴朗。[辨析]likelypossible用于itispossible(forsb.)todosth.或itispossiblethat...句型中probable常用于itisprobablethat...句型中②Wouldit_be_possible_for_me_toleaveamessageforher?我可以给她留个口讯吗？③It'slikely/probable/possiblethattheywillebacknextweek.他们可能下周回来。3．ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.(P2)科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代就已经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。★meansn．方法；手段(单复数同形)(1)ameansof...……的方法meansofproduction/transport/munication生产工具/运输工具/通信手段(2)bymeansof用，依靠；通过byallmeans无论如何；当然可以(口语)bynomeans肯定不；无论如何都不(用于句首，句子要倒装)①Scientistsareworkingtodeviseameansofstoringthistypeofpower.科学家们正在为创造一种能储存这种动力的方法而工作。②(2015·重庆高考书面表达)By_means_of_controlledrelease,Icandelivermybookstosomespecificperson.通过定向发放，我能把我的书送给某个特殊的人。③Howeverweareinahurry,weshouldbynomeansgothroughtheredlight.→Howeverweareinahurry,bynomeansshould_we_go_throughtheredlight.无论我们多么匆忙，我们决不要闯红灯。[点津]当means表示“方法，方式，手段〞时，单复数同形。means作主语假设有every,each,one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some,several,many,few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。④Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried(try),butnoneworks.＝Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried(try),butnoneworks.全部可能的方法都已经尝试过了，但没有一种奏效。4．OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.(P2)在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大局部是人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。★majorityn．大多数；大半(常与the连用)(1)ina/themajority占大多数a/themajorityof大多数……by/withamajorityof以大多数……(2)minorityn.少数intheminority占少数①(2015·浙江高考书面表达)WhenIhaveadifferentopinion,Imaychoosetogiveitupandrespecttheopinionofthemajority.当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃我的意见并敬重大多数人的意见。②Amongthemembersofthemitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanarein_the_majority.会成员中赞成这项方案的占大多数。[点津](1)themajority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。(2)themajorityof＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(复数名词＋复数谓语动词,不行数名词＋单数谓语动词))③Themajorityofelectorshave_already_made_up_their_mindswhomtheyaregoingtovotefor.大多数选民已经打算投票选谁。④Themajorityofworkhas_been_finishedbeforedark.天黑之前大局部工作已经被完成了。5．Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.(P2)有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。★makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生①Inmyopinion,itisnotsohelpfultogivesomeonesomebreadastoteachhimhowtomakealife.在我看来，给人以面包不如教他如何谋生有关心。make/earna/one'sliving谋生lead/livea...life过着……生活etolife变得活泼起来e(back)tolife清醒过来bring...(back)tolife使……清醒；使……生动loseone'slife失去生命②Weshouldlead/livealow­carbonlifeinordertoprotectourearth.为爱护我们的地球，我们应当过一种低碳生活。③Meanwhile,asspringadvanced,theflowersintheseedranchbegantoetolife.同时，春深了，苗圃里的花草开头发芽了。6．BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobeethethirty­firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.(P2)到1850年加利福尼亚成为第31个联邦州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。★electv．选择；打算做某事；选举某人①Likemen,womenhavetherighttoelectandtobeelected.女性享有和男性公平的选举权和被选举权。(1)electsb.(as/tobe)...选举某人为……electtodosth.选择或打算做某事(2)electionn.选举；中选；推举②(2015·陕西高考书面表达)Besides,IhavesuchagoodmandofEnglishthatIamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.此外，我英语把握得如此好以至于我被选举为英语课代表。③Wewonderwhowillwinthenextelection(elect).我们都想知道下届选举谁会中选。[点津]在“electsb.＋职务〞表达中，表示职务的名词不加冠词。这类名词常见的有：monitor,mayor(市长),chairman,president,captain,head,dean(系主任)等。④Sheisthefirstwomantobeelected(as)mayor.她是第一位被选为市长的女性。7．Today,Chinese­AmericansliveinallpartsofCalifornia,althoughalargepercentagehavechosentostayinthe“Chinatowns〞ofLosAngelesandSanFrancisco.(P2)今日，加利福尼亚州各地都有美籍华人居住，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和圣弗朗西斯科的“唐人街〞里。★percentagen．百分比；百分率①Thepercentageofgirlsinengineeringhasincreasedsubstantially.学工科的女孩的比例已经大大增加了。②Alargepercentageofthecropwas(be)spoiledinthedisasterlastyear.去年的灾难中，大局部的庄稼被毁。③Asmallpercentageoftheworkersare(be)unskilled.少数工人是非娴熟工。④Thepercentageofunskilledworkersis(be)small.非娴熟工的比例很小。[点津](1)“apercentageof＋n.〞作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词保持全都。(2)percentage放在the后作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。[辨析]percent表示“百分之……〞，相当于“%〞，其前面往往是一个详细的数字percentage表示“百分比；百分率〞，前面不能是详细数字，只能被high,low修饰，提问一般用what8.In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.(P2)1911年，丹麦移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍旧保存着丹麦文化。★keepup坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)；跟上；连续做写出以下句中keepup的含义①ThoughtheyliveintheUnitedStates,theykeepuptheChinesecustoms.沿袭(风俗、传统等)②Inthefaceoffailure,weshouldkeepupagoodstateofmind.保持③Bystudyinghardshemanagedtokeepup.赶上④Therainhasbeenkeepingupfortwodaysandtheroadsareflooded.持续⑤Keepupthegoodwork.连续做keepupwith跟上……；与……保持同步keepon(doingsth.)连续(做某事)keepawayfrom不靠近/远离……keepoff不靠近；远离；勿踩；勿踏keepback阻挡；保存；隐瞒⑥Aslongasyoucankeep_away_fromthem,you'resafe.只要你离他们远一点，你就会平安。9．Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.(P3)人们信任，用不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会特别之大，以至于不行能存在一种明显的主要种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。★本句中用了“Itisbelievedthat...〞句型。该句型可与“主语＋bebelievedtodosth.〞结构互换，意为“人们信任/据信……〞。能用于此结构的动词还有：say,know,report,think,expect,consider,suppose等。①Itisbelievedthatreadingincreasesourknowledgeandbroadensourmind.＝Reading_is_believed_toincreaseourknowledgeandbroadenourmind.人们信任阅读能增长我们的学问，拓宽我们的视野。[点津](1)Itissuggested/hopedthat...不能转换成“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todo〞结构。(2)在“主语＋be＋said/expected...＋todo〞结构中，不定式的形式取决于它与谓语动作发生的先后关系。之后或几乎同时发生，常用一般式(todo)；强调同时发生时还可用进行式(tobedoing)；之前发生用完成式(tohavedone)。②Itissaidthatsheworksasanactress.＝Sheissaidtoworkasanactress.(做演员与据说同时发生)据说她现在是个演员。③ItissaidthatTomwentabroadlastweek.＝Tomissaidtohavegoneabroadlastweek.(出生在据说之前)据说汤姆上周已出国了。④It'ssaidthatthecampsareburstingattheseams.＝Thecampsaresaidtobeburstingattheseams.(“快炸线〞和“据说〞同时发生)据说帐篷的缝合处快炸线了。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Therearestrictlimitsonimmigration(immigrate)intothecountry.2．Peopleofdifferentraceshavedifferentracialcustoms.(race)3．Duringhiselection(elect)campaign,hepromisedtoputtheeconomybackonitsfeet.4．Everypossiblemeanshasbeenused(use)topreventairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.5．Onethirdthecountryiscoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensare(be)blackpeople.6．Itisbelieved(believe)thatweshallmakefulluseofthesun'senergysomeday.7．Walkingaloneinthedark,theboywhistledtokeepuphiscourage.8．It'shardtomakealifewiththatlittlesalary.9．Itislikelythathehassomethingtodowiththetheft.10．Beingcolour­blind,MrYangcan'tmakeadistinction(distinct)betweenredandgreen.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingontimewasthathewascaughtinthetraffic.他没有按时来开会的缘由是他遇上了交通堵塞。2．Itissuggestedthatthesportsmeeting(should)beputoffforthebadweather.天气不好，有人建议推迟运动会。3．ThenextpersontoattendthemeetingisMrBaker.下一个参与会议的是贝克先生。4．Thepolicemandiedforthepeoplebuthisspiritsliveon.那位警察为人民而牺牲了，但他的精神永存。5．Bynomeansisthisagoodwaytosolvetheproblem.这绝非是解决这一问题的好方法。Ⅲ.一句多译1．这篇文章说清白的良心是一个温顺的枕头，有了这个枕头，我们可以夜夜酣然入梦。①It'ssaidinthepassagethatacleanconscienceisasoftpillow,withwhichwecanhavesweetdreams.②Acleanconscienceissaidtobeasoftpillow,withwhichwecanhavesweetdreams.2．据说罗伯特去年到国外学习了，但我不知道他是在哪个国家学习的。①It_is_said_thatRobertstudiedabroadlastyear,butIdon'tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.②Robertissaidtohavestudiedabroadlastyear,butIdon'tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.3．她很可能会胜利，由于她聪慧又勤奋。①Itislikelythatshewillsucceed,forshe'scleverandhard­working.②Sheislikelytosucceed,forshe'scleverandhard­working.Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空Californiaisthethird1.largest(large)stateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.ItisthemostmulticulturalstateintheUS.Thisisnot2.surprising(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia3.whichhasattractedpeoplefromnearlyeverycountryintheworld.Noonereallyknowswhattimethefirst4.settlers(settle)arrivedin5.whatwenowknowasCalifornia.ThescientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAlaska6.bymeansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcentury,CaliforniawasruledbySpain.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,the7.majority(major)werereligiousmen.In1848,goldwasdiscoveredinCaliforniaandthedreamofbeingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact,fewachievedtheirdream,butmostremainedinCalifornia8.tomake(make)alifeforthemselves.Inmorerecentdecades,California9.hasbee(bee)hometopeoplefromAsia.10.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenomajorracialorculturalgroups.[对应同学课下力量提升(二)]Ⅰ.依据提示写出单词的正确形式1．GraduatesfromTsinghuaUniversityhavedistinct(明显的)advantagewhenapplyingforjobsinfamouspanies.2．Themajority(大多数)ofpeopleinterviewedpreferwatchingTVtolisteningtoradio.3．Themostpopularmeans(方式)oftransportationarebikesandbuses.4．(2017·江苏高考)InthenorthofIndia,thepopulationisbooming(处于快速开展时期)duetohighbirthrates.5．Wehaveonlyasmallpercentage(百分比)offoreignbooks.6．Ifotherpeoplecanendurehardship(困苦),whycan'tyou?7．Theshippassedthroughthestrait(海峡)betweentwoislands.8．Mostracial(种族的)discriminationisbasedonignorance.9．Onlyabout20ofthepeoplevotedinthelocalgovernmentelection(elect)．10．Immigration(immigrate)isacontroversialissueinmanycountries.Ⅱ.选词填空alargepercentageof，inthemajority，makealife，keepup，bymeansof，liveon，inaddition1．You'rerequiredtopractiseplayingbasketballfivehoursaday.Inaddition,strengthtrainingexercisesareremendedatleasttwiceaweek.2．Youcan'tliveon200caloriesaday,oryouwillbestarvedtodeathinalongtime.3．MoreandmorepeopletendtomunicatewitheachotherbymeansoftheInternet.4．Althoughtheyhadalotoftroublewiththenewsystem,theystillkeptuptheirspirits.5．Manyyoungpeoplearegoingtobigcitiestomakealifeforthemselves.6．Inthisclub,youngwomenmembersareinthemajority，somenhavenotmuchrighttodecideonthings.7．Alargepercentageofschoolbooksnowhavepictures,sotheylookmoreattractive.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Thelocalarmymenhelpedthevictimsoftheearthquakebymeansofrebuildingtheirhouses.当地的人用重建房屋的方法关心震区灾民。2．ThepictureremindedmeofwhatIhadexperiencedinthevillage.这幅画使我想起了我在那个村子里的经受。3．Iknowyoufindthesubjectdifficult,butthatshyyoushouldworkharderatit.我知道你觉得这门学科很难学，但这就是你要更加努力钻研它的理由。4．Itseportedhatmorethan200peoplediedintheaircrash.据报道，有两百多人死于这次空难。5．ItsiahathasmademoreandmoreChinesepeopleinterestedintennis.是李娜使越来越多的中国人对网球感爱好。Ⅳ.阅读理解ASeagullsareflyingoverhead.Notfaraway,aboatismakingabignoise.Thesoundsofpeopletalkingandlaughingareeverywhere.Thesmellofpopcorniscarriedonthefreshandpleasantwindblowingoffthelake.Duluthisacityfullofsights,smells,andsounds.Myfamilyvisitsitoften,buteachtimeitisanewadventure.Duluth,Minnesota,wasfoundedin1870.LocatedatthesoutheastcorneroftheSt.LouisCounty,onLakeSuperior,DuluthisthethirdlargestcityinMinnesota,withapopulationof86,918.ItwasnamedafterDanielSieurDuLhut,aFrenchexplorer.NativeAmericansettlementswerefirstfoundintheareabyFrenchexplorersinthelate1600s.Soonafter,Duluthbecameanimportanttradeandshippingcenterforthetimber(木材)industry.In1865,ironwasdiscovered,makingDuluthamajorore(矿石)shippingpoint.WhentheSt.LawrenceSeawayopenedin1959,itbecameoneoftheGreatLakes'leadingportsforexportinggrain.TourismisveryimportanttoDuluth.Peopleareattractedtoitsnaturalscenery,aswellasthemuseums,zoos,andofcourse,themanygiftshopsdowntown.DuluthisthehomeoftheGreatLakesAquarium,whichistheonlyall­freshwateraquariumintheUnitedStates.However,theAerialLiftBridgeisthethingthatmostpeoplewanttoseewhentheyvisit.Standingnearly400feettall,itisaspectacularfeat(功绩)ofengineering.TheLakeSuperiorFrombridgestomuseums,zoostoshops,Duluthhasitall.Nomatterwhatyourinterestsare,Duluthhassomethingforeveryone.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了明尼苏达州的城市杜鲁斯市的开展历史及其主要旅游景点。1．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bygivingasummary.C．Bygivingadescription.D．Bymakingparisons.解析：选C写作手法题。分析第一段，作者描述了在杜鲁斯市的所见所闻，以此引出文章的话题。2．WhowasDanielSieurDuLhut?A．TheleaderofNativeAmericans.B．ThefounderofDuluth,C．ThepersonwhogaveanametoDuluth.D．OneofthefirstFrenchexplorerstoDuluth.解析：选D细节理解题。分析其次段和第三段可知，杜鲁斯市以法国探险家DanielSieurDuLhut的名字命名，说明他应当是最早到达杜鲁斯市的法国探险家之一。3．WhydomostpeoplegotoseetheAerialA．Itisnearafamousmuseum.B．Itisamasterpieceofengineering.C．PeoplecanoverlookDuluthonit.D．ItisthehighestbuildinginDuluth.解析：选B细节理解题。由倒数其次段“Standingnearly400feettall,itisaspectacularfeatofengineering〞可知，这座桥是一个建筑奇观。4．Thetextislikelytoappearin________.A．anewsreport B．atouristguideC．ahistorypaper D．anartshowreview解析：选B文章出处题。本文主要介绍了杜鲁斯市的开展历史及其主要旅游景点，最有可能消失在旅游指南上。BOnOctober24,1929—“BlackThursday〞—awaveofpanicsellingofstocks(股票)swepttheNewYorkStockExchange.TheGreatDepressionbegan.By1932,thousandsofbanksandbusinesseshadfailed.Industrialproductionwascutinhalf,farminehadfallenbymorethanhalf,wageshaddecreased60%andoneoutofeveryfourworkerswasunemployed.TheRepublicanpresident,HerbertHooverwasunabletotakemeasurestodealwiththeeconomiccollapse.Sointhe1932election,hewasdefeatedbyDemocratFranklinD.Roosevelt,whopromised“aNewDeal〞fortheAmericanpeople.Withinthe“HundredDays〞，RooseveltrushedthroughCongressanumberoflawstoaidtherecoveryoftheeconomy.TheFederalEmergencyReliefAdministrationaidedstateandlocalrelieffunds.TheAgriculturalAdjustmentAdministrationpaidfarmerstoreduceproduction,thusraisingcropprices.TheNationalRecoveryAdministrationregulatedfairpetitionamongbusinessesandminimumwagesforworkers.TheWorksProgressAdministration(WPA)wasoneofthemosteffectiveoftheNewDealmeasures.Financedbytaxescollectedbythefederalgovernment,theWPAcreatedmillionsofjobsbyundertakingtheconstructionofroads,bridges,airportsandotherpublicbuildings.Itkeptworkersinthejob,thuspreservingtheirskillsandtheirself­respect.TheNewDealprogrammesdidnotendtheGreatDepression.Buttheeconomyimprovedasaresultofthisprogrammeofgovernmentintervention(介入)．语篇解读：本文介绍了在经济大萧条开头时，罗斯福制定新政，增加政府对经济的直接或间接干预，缓解了大萧条带来的经济危机与社会冲突。5．Accordingtothepassage,“BlackThursday〞istheday________.A．ofsellingstocksB．ofreducingindustrialproductionC．whentheGreatDepressionbeganD．whentheNewDealwasimplemented解析：选C细节理解题。依据第一段中的“...‘BlackThursday’—awaveofpanicsellingofstocksswepttheNewYorkStockExchange.TheGreatDepressionbegan.〞可知，“黑色星期四〞是大萧条的开头。应选C项。6．TheNewDealisanumberoflaws________.A．tomakeyoungpeopleplanttreesandbuilddamsB．toaidstateandlocalrelieffundsC．todealwithworkersD．todealwitheconomicproblems解析：选D细节理解题。依据第三段中的“...RooseveltrushedthroughCongressanumberoflawstoaidtherecoveryoftheeconomy.〞可知，罗斯福通过国会制定了一些法律来解决经济方面的问题，以关心经济复苏。应选D项。7．TheWPAwasaneffectivemeasurebecause________.A．itprovidedworkersjobsofbuildingroadsandairportsB．itpreservedworkersskillsandself­respectC．itprovidedfinancialaidstoworkersD．itensuredworkers'minimumwages解析：选B细节理解题。依据第五段中的“Itkeptworkersinthejob,thuspreservingtheirskillsandtheirself­respect.〞可知，WPA爱护了他们的技能和自尊。8．RooseveltmadehisNewDealprogrammeseffectivethrough________.A．hispresidentialpowerB．governmenttaxationC．congressreputationD．governmentintervention解析：选D细节理解题。依据最终一段可知，罗斯福的新政由于政府的介入得以实行，使经济状况得到了改善。Ⅴ.阅读七选五ThebookABigFatCrisis:TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityandHowWeCanEndItbyDeborahCohen,aseniornaturalscientist,isverypopularnow.__1__Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.Ifyou'reobese,blameyourgenes.__2__Yet,