中考重点单词短语+用法归类+易混淆词辨析

2017中考冲刺（重点单词短语+用法归类+易混淆词辨析）1.冠词，aan重点记忆anapple\orange\Englishbook\ice-cream\interesting\engineer\eye\umbrella\hour\honest\honor\elephant\apartment\international\unusualauseful\university\usual\uniform\European2..cost/take/spend/pay花费花费时间做某事：Ittakessbsometimetodosth.=sbspendsometime（in）doingsth.=sbspendsometimeonsth.某人花钱买某物：sbspendsomemoneyonsth.=sbpaysomemoneyforsth.=sthcostsb.somemoney.※spend和pay主语都是人，cost主语是物。※spent还可以指“度过”→Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Thesweater________me90yuan.=I_______90yuanforthesweater.=I_____90yuanonthesweater.Hespentlotsofmoney________themobilephone.It________her20minutestogohomeeveryday.=He________20minutes________homeeveryday.3.thanksfor为…而感谢⑴______invitingmetoyourbirthdayparty.thanksto多亏/由于⑵______yourhelp.Igotgoodgrades4.因为、由于：because(连词)+从句：(表示原因)becauseof（介词短语）+名词（短语）=thanksto⑴Ididn’tgotoschool______Ihadaheadache.Hewaslateforclass______thebadweather.Hecan’tcome_____heisill.Manypeoplehaveacold_____thecoldweather.because和so不能同时连用.5.Howoften对频率提问（多久一次）→回答用表示频率的副词或短语Howlong对一段时间提问（多久）→回答用表示一段时间的状语Howsoon对将来时间提问（多久）→回答用in+时间段Howfar询问多长距离（多长）⑴-______haveyoubeencollectingthekites?-Fortenyears.⑵-______doyougoshopping?-Sometimes.⑶-______willyourfathercomeback?-Intwoyears.⑷-_____doyouexercise?-Onceaweek.⑸-_____isitfromyourhometoschool?-Abouttenmiles.⑹-_____areyoustayingthere?-Twoweeks.6.乘交通工具：takea/the+交通工具在句中作谓语by+交通工具=ona交通工具在句中作方式状语交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…⑴Hetakesabustobank.=Hegoestobankbybus.=Hegoestobankonabus.⑵Iwalktoschool.=Igotoschool______.※骑自行车、马或驴用ride：rideone’sbike/rideahorse/rideadonkeyinone’scar7.到达…reach+地点getto+地点reach=gettoarrive+in+大地点arrive+at+小地点⑴HereachedLondonyesterday.=He______toLondonyesterday.=He______inLondonyesterday.⑵Shearrived______thebusstationjustnow.⑶Youshould______(get)homeontime.※当getto和arriveat/in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：gethomegetthere省略to8..win（赢得）接agame、war、amatch、aprizebeat(打败、战胜)接运动员、球队、对手等。⑴Whichteam______thefootballmatch?⑵WangHao______MaLinand______thechampionoftheMen’sSingles.9..借borrowsth.fromsb=borrowsb.sth向某人借某物→borrow借入lendsth.tosb=lendsb.sth把某物借给某人→lend借出keep延续性动词，与一段时间连用。⑴Canyoulendmeyourbike?=Canyou______yourbike______me?⑵Youcanborrowsomemoney____yourbrother.=Youcanborrowyourbrother________.morning.⑴You’dbetter______yourcoat.⑵Shewas_______aflowerinherhair.⑶Theboy______whiteismyfriend.⑷Heistooyoungto______himself.⑸MissLioften_____thewhitesportsshoes.※dress当表示状态时常用bedressedin+衣物（穿着…颜色的衣服）→Heisdressedinablackcoat.他常穿着黑色的外套。17.speak指说话的能力，也可表示“演讲、发言”。其后可以接语言类词汇。say强调说的内容。saysth.tosb.→Pleasesayhellotohim.talk指相互之间的谈话。talkto/withsb表示与某人交谈，talkaboutsb/sth表示“谈论某人/某事”。→Sheistalkingwithherboss.tell侧重指“告诉”，后接双宾语或复合宾语：tellsb.sth.→Pleasetellmethetime.tellsb(not).todosth.→Shetoldmetowaitforher.※tell可以和lie,story搭配。如:tellalie/tellastory/tellajoke/tellatruth.⑴Fromhisfacewecouldseethathewas_____alie.⑵Sheis______atthemeeting.⑶Fangfang_____sheisathome.⑷Theyare______abouttheweather.⑸Hecan’t_____itinFrench,buthecan_____English.18.one…theother一个…另一个some…others一些…另一些（另一些并不包括全部）some…theothers一些…其他的（其他的包括剩下的全部）⑴Ihavetwobrothers,_____isateacher,_______isadoctor.⑵_____studentsareintheclassroom,________areout.⑶Attheparty,______aredancing,______aresinging19.onone’s+序数词+birthday（在某人几岁生日时）inone’s+整十的基数词的复数（在某人几十多岁时）⑴Edisoninventedmanythingsinhis_______(twenty).⑵Onmy______(twenty)birthday.Igotanewmobilephone.20.辨析不定代词：either；neither；each；both等either两者其一；neither两者都不 +名词（单数）+动词（单数）each每个both两者都 +名词（复数）+动词（复数）ofprep.介词+代词（宾格）固定结构eitherof(两者其一)neitherof(两者都不)+代词（宾格）+V.(单数）bothof(两者都)，allof(三者或三者以上都是) 代词（宾格）+V.(复数）noneof(三者或三者以上都不是)Eg.Eitherofus_______English.(speak）Neitherofus_______English.(speak)Boththeboys_______clever.(be)21.表示“越来越……”。的句型1）单音节词用“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。如：Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.(天越来越温暖了)2）多音节词用“moreandmore+原级形式”3）“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。如：Themoretreesweplant,thebetteritwillbe.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好)/Theharderyoutry,thegreateryourprogressis.(你越是努力,进步就越大)有关doing的短语归类（39）enjoydoingsth=likedoingsth喜欢做某事thanksfordoingsth感谢做某事finishdoingsth=endupdoingsth完成做某事practicedoingsth练习做某事Couldyoumind(not)doingsth你介意（不）做某事吗？how(what)aboutdoingsth？做某事怎麽样？insteadofdoingsth代替做某事beacauseofdoingsth由于做某事begoodatdoingsth=dowellindoingsth擅长做某事stayupdoingsth熬夜做某事bebusydoingsth忙于做某事makealiving(by)doingsth靠做某事谋生havefundoingsth做某事很高兴haveahardtimedoingsth=havetrouble(in)doingsth=haveproblemdoingsth做某事有困难sbspendsometime(in)doingsth某人花费时间做某事can’tstanddoingsth无法忍受做某事bealwaysdoingsth=keepdoingsth一直（总是）做某事keepondoingsth坚持做某事beinterestedindoingsth对做某事感兴趣bydoingsth通过做某事的方法beafraidofdoingsth=be