系表结构精讲精练

PAGEPAGE6主系表结构精讲精练主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。

系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。一连系动词：A、根据动作可分为三类：be动词，感官动词，趋势动词。1)Be动词：am,is,are,was,were2)感官动词：sound,look,taste,feel,smell3)趋势动词：appear,become,grow,get,turn,seem,remainB、根据状态系动词可分为:1.表示特征和存在状态的be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示状态变化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;二表语：下列成分都可以做表语：名词，形容词，副词，动词不定式，动名词，现在分词，过去分词，表语从句．

1)名词:Iamastudent.2)形容词：Hebecamestrong.3)副词：Sheremainedthere.4)现在分词：Thestoryseemedinteresting.5)过去分词：Thewindowsseemedbroken.6)动名词：HisjobisteachingEnglish.7)动词不定式：Herplanistobecomethewinnerinthegame.三、分类讲解(1)状态系动词：只有be一词。如：Sheisalwayslikethat.她总是那样。Iamusedtogoingaboutalone.我习惯于独来独往。Theseshoesaretootightforme.这双鞋我穿太小。注：动词be，若是用于进行时态或者被动语态，则不是系动词，而是助动词。Iamplayingbasketball.Heishitbyonebrick.(2)持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay,rest,lie,stand。如：Ihopeyou’llkeepfit.我希望你身体好。Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。Thedoorremainedclosed.门仍然关着。Wecanremainfriends.我们可以继续做朋友。Pleasestayseated.请继续坐着。Hestayedsingle.他仍然是单身。(3)表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem,appear,look等。如：Helookstired.他看起来很累。Heseems(tobe)quitehappy.他好像很快活。Thedoctorseemedverycapable.那医生似乎很能干。Heappearedquitewell.他显得身体相当好。Heappearedtakenaback.他似乎很吃惊。2.助动词（Do/Does）＋主语＋动词原形＋表语？例如：

ThisgirlisinRowOne.→IsthisgirlinRowOne？

Shefeelsterrible.→Doesshefeelterrible？

Welookexcited.→Doyoulookexcited？

五、主系表精练（）1.—WhatisMrWanglike?—____.A.HeisateacherB.HeisoldandkindC.HelookslikeaballoonD.HelikesEnglish（）2.WhatMrWhitesaidsounds____.A.friendlyB.wonderfullyC.pleasantlyD.nicely（）3.Thepoorboy____blindattheageofthree.A.turnedB.goesC.becameD.went（）4.Whenhewasachildhe____.A.grewpatienceB.wasaliveC.ranwild（放荡不羁）D.cametrue（）5.Hisvoice____asifhehasacold.A.soundsB.listensC.hearsD.seems（）6.Thisshirt___asifitismadeofcotton.A.isB.looksC.feelsD.seems（）7.Helooks___hehadn’thadagoodmealforamonthA.thatB.asifC.whenD.sofar（）8.It____thathewaslateforthetrain.A.looksB.turnsC.getsD.seems（）9.Theseapplestaste_____.A.tohegoodB.tobewellC.wellD.good（）10.—Doyouliketheshirt?—Yes,it____verysoft.A.feelsB.feltC.isfeelingD.isfelt（）11.ThemomentMrZhangwenttobed,he____asleepA.keptB.gotC.fellD.fall（）12.WhenIwenthomeyesterday,itwas____dark.A.goingB.gettingC.runningD.coming（）13.Theirplan____tobeaperfectone.A.provedB.wasprovedC.isprovingD.proving（）14.Theflowersinthegarden____sweet.A.soundB.tasteC.becomeD.smell（）15.She____likehermotherincharacter.A.looksB.seemsC.isD.feels（）16.He____muchyoungerthanhereallyis.A.appearsB.growsC.becomesD.turns（）17.You____verypale.Doyoufeelsick?A.lookedB.lookC.lookingD.arelooked（）18.Hiswishtobecomeadriverhas____true.A.turnedB.realizedC.com