英语写作基础教程第三版课件

ABasicCourseinWriting

英语写作基础教程贵州医科大学雷妍

ChapteroneManuscriptFormandPunctuation(文稿格式和标点符号)一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement2.Worddivision3.Capitalization4.Handwriting

一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(1).twocentimetersatthetop(2).twocentimetersatthebottom(3).oneandahalfcentimetersontheleft(4).oneandahalfcentimetersontheright

1.Arrangement

一、ManuscriptForm

一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(title)(5).Thetitleortopicshouldbeplacedinthemiddleofthefirstline.(6).Everywordofthetitle(includingwordsfollowinghyphensincompoundwords)shouldbecapitalized,exceptarticles,preposition,coordinatingconjunctionsandinfinitives.(7)Thefirstorlastwordofthetitleshouldbecapitalized.一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(title)ExamplesMyImpressionsofBeijingTheWallBetweenWhereDoAlltheNewWordsComeFrom?WhatTraditionsMeantotheChineseAclean,Well-LightedPlaceDifferentViewsonJaneEyreInterpretationsofRobertFrost's"FireandIce"

Task1:Capitalizethefollowingtitles(p2)whereilived,andwhatilivedforaretransgeniccropssafe?well-knowndramatistsofthemingdynastyadaytorememberapproachestoteachingenglishasaforeignlanguagecriticismsontheendingofmarktwain’sadventuresofhuckleberryfinn一、ManuscriptForm

1.Arrangement(title)

Answerstotask1

WhereI

Lived,andWhatI

LivedForAreTransgenicCropsSafe?Well-KnownDramatistsoftheMingDynastyA

DaytoRememberApproachestoTeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguageCriticismsontheEndingofMarkTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn一、ManuscriptForm1.Arrangement(8).Thefirstlineofeveryparagraphshouldbeindented(startedafteraspaceoffourorfiveletters)(9).Arabicnumeralsaregenerallyusedforpaging.Theycanbeputeitherintheupperright-handcornerorinthemiddlebelowthelastlineofeverypage.

1.Arrangement(10)attention:Neverbeginwithacomma(,),aperiod(.),acolon(:),aquestionmark(?),anexclamationmark(!)Neverendswith

【

“(-一、ManuscriptForm2.Worddivision(1).onesyllablecannotbedivided单音节(2).twoormoresyllables双/多音节

astressedclosesyllableusuallytakesaconsonantwithitded∙i∙cate-leistreatedasasyllablepeo∙pleasinglelettercannotbeputattheendorbeginingofalinee∙voke,heart∙y

Two-letterendingshouldnotbeputarthebeginingofalinehand∙edhard∙en一、ManuscriptForm2.Worddivision(1).onesyllablecannotbedivided单音节(2).twoormoresyllables双/多音节divisionsthatmaymisleadthereadersshouldbeavoidedlay∙manwordswithhyphensshouldbedividedonlyatphensbroken-heartedtwo-syllablewordswithdoubleconsonantinthemiddleareasruledividedbetweenthetwoconsonantsstrug∙gledivisonsofpropernamesshouldbeavoided.

Paris一、ManuscriptForm3.Capitalization

(1).propernames(2).keywordsintitles(3).thefirstwordsofsentences一、ManuscriptForm4.Handwriting

(1)littlespace(aboutoneletter)afteracomma,andaslightlybiggerspace(abouttwoletters)afterafullstop.(2)drawathinklinethroughawordtocrossoutit.(3)writeanaddedwordabovewithaclearsignshowingwhereitistobeinserted.一、ManuscriptForm二、PunctuationThecomma(,)Theperiod(.)Thedash/hyphen(-)Thesemicolon(;)Thecolon(:)Thequestionmark(?)Theexclamationmark(!)Quotationmark(“”)Parentheses/brackets(())Squarebrackets(【】)

(1).Acommaisusedtojoinclauses.Itisputbeforetheconjunction(and,but,or,for,so,nor,yet)(2).Acommaisusedafteranadverbialclauseorphrase.(3).Commasareusedtoseparateaseriesofwordsorphraseswiththesamefunctioninthesentence.1.TheComma(,)二、Punctuation

(4).NonrestrictiveclausesandphrasesareSetoffbycommas.(5).Commassetoffparentheticalelements.(6).Indates,acommaisusedtoseparatethedayandtheyeariftheorderismonth-day-year,nocommaneedbeusedIftheorderisday-month-year.(7).Numbers1,253,90053,807,214二、Punctuation1.TheComma(,)2.ThePeriod(.)

(1).usedattheendofadeclarativesentence,amildlyimperativesentence,andanindirectquestion(2).AbbreviationsU.S.A.a.m.(3).Threespacedperiodsmaketheellipsismark二、Punctuation3.TheDash/Hyphen(-)

(1).indicatesabreakinthoughtorachangeintone,oraspeaker'sconfusionorhesitatione.g.Manypeoplewentthere-didyougo?(2).indicatesanunfinishedorinterruptedstatemente.g."Heismakingpreparationsfor"-"Forgoingabroad?"

二、Punctuation3.TheDash/Hyphen(-)

(3).apairofdashessetoffaparentheticalelemente.g.Allhisbelongings-afewarticlesofclothingandafewbooks-arehere.(4).introduceasummarizingclauseafteraseriesofnounse.g.Bob,Lily,Judy-noneofthemknowwhereheis.(5)usedlikequotationmarksinadialogue.(6)introducesubheadingandauthorsafterquotation二、PunctuationTask2:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P6)

1.mostamericanpeoplearefondofcatsandordogsitissaidthateveryyeartheyspendabout$5.4billionontheirpetsincluding$1.5billiononpetfoodfourtimestheamountofmoneytheyspendonbabyfoodnowthereareabout100milliondogsandcatsinthecountrythenumberisstillgoinguprapidlysince12500puppiesareborneveryhour二、Punctuation

MostAmericanpeoplearefondofcatsand/ordogs.

Itissaidthateveryyeartheyspendabout$5.4billionontheirpets,including$1.5billiononpetfoodfourtimestheamountofmoneytheyspendonbabyfood.

Nowthereareabout100milliondogsandcatsinthecountry;thenumberisstillgoinguprapidlysince12500puppiesareborneveryhour.Answerstotask24.TheSemicolon(;)

(1).betweentwocoordinateclauseswhicharenotlinkedbyaconjunction.(2).conjunctiveadverbs(3).usedwithconjunctionswhentheclausescontaininternalpunctuation.e.g.Hewroteafewgoodbookswhenhewasyoungandpoor;butafterhebecamefamousandrich,hewrotenothingwrothreading.二、Punctuation4.TheSemicolon(;)

(4).separateaseriesofitemswithinternalcommase.g.AmongthosewhojoinedthediscussionwereMissWu,awell-knownwriter;

Mr.Li,editoroftheliterarysupplementofthelocalnewspaper;

Dr.Qian,aprofessorofliterarycriticism;andMs.Sun,afamoushistorian.二、Punctuation5.TheColon(:)

(1).introduceaquotationorastatement(2)introduceanexplanation,asummaryoranappositive(3)usedbetweenhourandtheminutetoshowthetime8:30

二、Punctuation

2.its745ontuesdaymorningand26yearoldsteveclerksonisgoingtoworkheputsonhisjacketandpicksuphiscellphonepaperandlaptopasheleavesthehouseheturnsonhismp3playerandputonhisheadphonesheisreadytogo二、PunctuationTask2:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P6)

2.It’s7:45onTuesdaymorningand26-year-oldSteveClerksonisgoingtowork.

Heputsonhisjacketandpicksuphiscellphone,paper,andlaptop.

Asheleavesthehouse,heturnsonhisMP3playerandputonhisheadphones.

Heisreadytogo.Answerstotask26.TheQuestionMark(?)

(1).usedafteradirectquestion(2)afterastatementturnedintoaquestione.g.Youlikeit?(3)putbetweenparenthesesindicatesthewriter'suncertaintyaboutthecorrectnessoftheprecedingword,figure,ordate.e.g.CaoXueqin,wasborninanaristocraticfamilyin1715(?),anddiedinpovertyin1764(?).二、Punctuation7.TheExclamationMark(!)

(1).usedafteranexclamatorysentence,oranemphaticinterjection,oraphraseexpressingstrongemotion.(2)Sometimestheexclamationmarkisusedafteraslogan.二、Punctuation8.TheQuotationMarks(“”)

(1).doublequotationmarks:enclosedirectquotations(indirectquotationarenotenclosedbyquotationsmarks)(2).singlequotationmarks:encloseaquotationwithinaquotatione.g.Theprofessorsaid,“Confuciussays,'Donotimposeonotherswhatyoudonotdesireyourself.'Thisisaverygoodprincipleofmoralconduct.”二、Punctuation8.TheQuotationMarks(“”)

(3).usedfortitlesandheadings(4).usedforwordswithspecialmeaning(5)whenothermarksarequoted:-thecommaandtheperiodmaybeplacedeitherinsideoroutsidethequotationmarks-thecolonandthesemicolonplacedoutsidethequotationmarks-thedash,thequestionmarkandexclamationmarkareplacedaccordingtothemeaningofthesentence.二、PunctuationIdialedanumberandthephonerangoncetwicethensomeonepickeditupyougotthewrongnumberahuskyvoicesnappedbeforethelinewentdeadmystifiedIdialedagain二、PunctuationTask3:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P13)IsaidyougotthewrongnumbercamethevoiceoncemorethephoneclickedinmyearhowcouldhepossiblyknowIhadawrongnumberatthattime,IworkedfortheNewYorkCityPoliceDepartmentacopistrainedtobecuriousandconcernedsoIdialedathirdtime二、PunctuationTask3:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P13)heycomeonthemansaidisthisyouagainyeahitsmeIansweredIwaswonderinghowyouknewIhadthewrongnumberbeforeIevensaidanythingyoufigureitoutthephoneslammeddown二、PunctuationTask3:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P13)IsatthereforashorttimethereceiverhanginglooselyinmyfingersIcalledthemanbacksoyouhavefigureditoutheaskedtheonlythingIcanthinkofisehnobodyevercallsyouyougotitthephonewentdeadforthefourthtimeChucklingIdialedthemanback二、PunctuationTask3:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P13)whatdoyouwantnowheasked.IthoughtIdcalljusttosayHellohellowhywellifnobodyevercallsyouIthoughtmaybeIshouldokayhellowhoisthis二、PunctuationTask3:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P13)atlastIhadgotthroughnowitwashisturntobecuriousItoldhimwhoIwasandaskedwhohewasmynamesAdolfMethIm88yearsoldandIhaven’thadthismanywrongnumbersinonedayin20yearswebothlaughedinthiswaywebecamephonefriends二、PunctuationTask3:punctuatethefollowingpassages.(P13)Idialedanumberandthephonerangoncetwice,thensomeonepickeditup.“Yougotthewrongnumber,”ahuskyvoicesnappedbeforethelinewentdead.MystifiedIdialedagain.Answerstotask3“Isaid,‘Yougotthewrongnumber.’”camethevoiceoncemore.T