《状语从句》导学案

《状语从句》导学案学习目标1.掌握状语从句的类型及其相应的连接词。2.懂得状语从句和其它从句的区别。3.学会分析从句中应采用的连接词。学习过程九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词时间状语从句:when,while,as,before,after,assoonas,till,until,not…until,thefirst/second…/lasttime,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…than地点状语从句:where,wherever原因状语从句:because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat条件状语从句:if,unless,now(that),as(so)longas,incase,onconditionthat,suppose/supposing,provided/providing让步状语从句:although,though,eventhough/if,as,while,nomatterwhich/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,whoever,whenever,however,whether…or；结果状语从句:sothat,so…that,such…that目的状语从句:sothat,incase,forfearthat,lest方式状语从句:how,as,asif/asthough比较状语从句:than,as…as,notso/as…as,the+比较级…,the+比较级…状语从句有九种，时地原因条状补，目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同；主句通常前面走，连词引导紧随后，从句若在主前头，主从之间有个逗。状语从句的分类1WhileIwaswonderingatthis,ourschoolmastertookhisplace.()2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()3.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.（）4.I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()5.Socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()6.Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,you’llsucceed.()7.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson考点难点1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较；2、nomatterwh-与wh-ever引导的从句的区别；3、状语从句的时态问题；4、状语从句倒装及紧缩问题；5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。Ⅰ.间状语从句问题1:1.(04北京春)Wewereswimminginthelake______suddenlythestormstarted.A.when B.while C.until D.before2.(02上海)Hewasabouttotellmethesecret______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.as B.until C.while D.when3.(05上海)Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden______itwasthebesttimeforit.A.where B.whenC.that D.until4.(05福建)－DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?－Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock____hearrivedhome.A.BeforeB.whenC.that D.until5.(06辽宁)Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal______afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.why B.where C.whenD.while连接词when的用法小结1.when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是___________，也可以是表____________，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.2.可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：__________________________________________________(刚要……这时突然……)3.还可以表示原因“既然”，相当于____________________________。如：Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxi_______youcouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.问题2:6.(06天津)ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,______thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.A.since B.whenC.as D.while7.(04年江苏)______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.While B.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless连接词while的用法小结1.while引导的动作必须是__________________，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如：Pleasedon’ttalksoloud___________othersareworking.2.while作为并列连词，意为“______________________。3.while可表示____________，相当于___________________。连接词when,while,as的用法区别：1．while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。如：__________________hewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring._________________Istoppedmycar,amancameuptome.2．从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用_____引导这个从句，不可用________________。如：_________________youhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3．表示“随着……”，连词用_____________，不用_______________________。如：__________theelectionapproached,theviolencegotworse.4．如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when,while与as可互换使用。如：When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.问题3:1.(01北京春)－DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?－Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.while B.themoment C.suddenly D.once2.(1998上海)Ithoughtherniceandhonest______Imether.A.firsttime B.forthefirsttime C.thefirsttime D.bythefirsttime3.______enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport.A.Hehardlyhad B.Hadhehardly C.Hardlyhadhe D.Hardlyhehad小结：1．一些词，如themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…than等也可引导一个时间状语从句，相当于assoonas的意思。Ididn’twaitamoment,butcameimmediatelyyoucalled.2．一些含有time的名词短语，如everytime,eachtime,nexttime,bythetime等，以及theday,theyear,themorning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。Thedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadydead.Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.3._______________________________，句子必须用部分倒装结构。________________________gothomewhenitbegantorain.我一回家就开始下雨了。问题4:1.(03北京春)－Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?－Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.after B.unlessC.until D.when2.(03上海)Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’curiosity______hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until3.Itwasnot______shetookoffherdarkglasses______Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then小结：till,until和not…until：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3．________不可以置于句首，而_______可以。如：______youtoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.(把起改成倒装句)问题5:1.(03年北京)Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation______itgotworse.A.until B.when C.before D.as2.(04福建)Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.since B.after C.before D.when3.－Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?－Herushedoutoftheroom____Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.until C.when D.after4.(05北京春)Itisalmostfiveyears______wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.since C.after D.because连接词before的小结：一、含义(翻译下列句子)1．在我们看到陆地之前已航行四天四夜。________________________________________________2．在他觉得累之前我们还没跑完一英里。________________________________________________3．请在你忘记之前把它记下。__________________________________________________________二．before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.三．1）句型Itwillbe/was＋段时间＋before…“还要过多久才……”要过两年之后他才离开家乡。_____________________________________________________2）句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段时间＋before…“不多久就……”她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌。____________________________________________________________3）句型Itis＋段时间＋since…时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：他参军已有三年了.1_____________________________________________________________2_____________________________________________________________Ⅱ.条件状语从句问题1：1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname____itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A．aslongasB．whileC．ifD．eventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_____youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if问题2：1、_____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s________Ihavetowait.A．incase B．sothatC．inorder D．asifⅢ.让步状语从句问题1：1、_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.until B.evenif C.unless D.asthough问题2：1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecost.A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．wherevernomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别：nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。如:________________hecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，Nomatterwh-不能。如：______Icandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.__________canhelpuswillbewelcome.4.状语从句的时态问题问题1：1、Itisalmostfiveyears_______wesaweachotherlasttime.A.before B.since C.after D.when5、状语从句的倒装问题问题1：1、Sodifficult_____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel2、Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：①否定词开头；②so加adj.开头；③as/though引导的让步状语从句。特别注意：Hardly…when…Nosooner…than…as他一到车站火车就开了(用两种方式翻译)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(他虽然是小孩),hecanspeaksevenforeignlanguages.6、状语从句与并列句的区别问题1：1、Thoughheisinhissixties,______heworksashardasayoungmanA.yet B.but C.and D.andyet2、Excusemeforbreakingin,_________Ihavesomenewsforyou.A.so B.and C.but D.yet细心的分析句子结构和成分。对比训练1____heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy____Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3.____achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as对比训练2Wewereabouttoleave____itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,____,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition____thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during对比训练31.Child____sheis,sheknowalot.2.Hedidtheexperiment____hewastold.3.Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper,butnot____good.A.duringB.asC.soD.thoughE.bothBandC对比训练41.Hewouldhavealookatthebookstores____hewenttotown.2.Wedecidetofinishtheworkontime,____happens.3.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,weovercomeanydifficulty,____greatitis.4.I’llgivethebookto____likesEnglish.A.wheneverB.whoeverC.whateverD.however对比训练51.Itwillbeyears____wemeetagain.2.Itistenyears____Icametothistown.3.Itistenyearsago____Icametothistown.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since对比训练61.____itrains,thegamewillbeplayedontime.2.____Iwastwenty,Ihadneverbeenawayfrommyhometown.3.____hewerethere,hecouldn’thelpus.A.EvenifB.UntilC.TillD.Unless对比训练71.Goandgetyourcoat.Itis____youleftit.2.Youarefreetogo____youlike.A.thereB.whereC.whereverD.when对比训练81.Ifweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,nomatter____greatitis.2.Ifweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,____greatitis.3.Ifweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,____difficultyitis.4.Ifweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,nomatter____difficultyitis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever历届高考试题中的状语从句1.—Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness?____________1982.A.After B.In C.From D.Since2.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especially_______FatherwasawayinFrance.A.as B.that C.during D.if3.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,____________greatitis.A.what B.how C.however D.whatever4.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_________therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.that B.where C.which D.when5.—Iamgoingtothepostoffice.—____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?A.As B.While C.Because D.If6.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_____________youcanfindthemagain.A.when B.where C.then D.there7.____________you’vegotthechance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.A.Nowthat B.After C.Although D.Assoonas8.We’llhavetofinishthejob,_____________.A.longittakeshowever B.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakes D.howeverlongittakes9.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup____________Icouldanswerthephone.A.as B.since C.until D.before10.TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_____________itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A.aslongas B.while C.if D.eventhough11.Themenwillhavetowaitallday____________thedoctorworksfaster.A.if B.unless C.whether D.that12.—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,Igaveittoher____________Isawher.A.while B.themoment C.suddenly D.once13.Americanseat____________vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.A.morethantwice B.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyas D.morethantwiceasmany14.—Howfarapartdotheylive?—___________Iknow,theyliveinthesameneighbourhood.A.Aslongas B.Aswellas C.Asfaras D.Asoftenas15.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity____________hereachestheendofthestory.A.when B.unless C.after D.until16.Generallyspeaking,_____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentaking B.whentaken C.whentotake D.whentobetaken17.—Dad,I’vefinishedmyassignment.—Good,and____________youplayorwatchTV,youmustn’tdisturbme.A.whenever B.whether C.whatever D.nomatter18.—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.Hehasneverpraisedhim____hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.after B.unless C.until D.when19.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation___________itgotworse.A.until B.when C.before D.as20._____________Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.A.Eventhough B.Unless C.While D.Aslongas21.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_________itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.since B.after C.before D.when22.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep_________muchworkyouhavetodo.A.however B.nomatter C.although D.whatever23.Itwasevening________wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.that B.until C.since D.before24._______modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.A.While B.Since C.As D.If25.Wewereswimminginthelake_______suddenlythestormstarted.A.when B.while C.until D.before26._______Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.Aslongas B.Asfaras C.Justas D.Evenif27.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad________wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.whenever B.until C.while D.wherever28._____youcallmetosayyou'renotcoming,I'llseeyouatthetheatre.A.ThoughB.Whether C.UntilD.Unless29.Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant________youlike.A.whenever B.wherever C.whatever D.however30._____________Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless31.Severalweekshadgoneby______Irealizedthepainting,wasmissing.A.as B.before C.since D.when32.Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_____shewasbittenonthelegbyallion.A.when B.while C.since D.once33.________,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A.Howeverthestoryisamusing BNomatteramusingthestoryisC.Howeveramusingthestoryis D.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing34.Itisalmostfiveyearswesaweachotherlasttime.A.before B.since C.after D.when35.Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itisitislong.A.halfnotaswideas B.widenotashalfasC.nothalfaswideas D.aswideasnothalf36.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbrokenhislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.until B.unless C.after D.because37.I’dliketoarrive20minutesearly_______Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonas B.asaresult C.incase D.sothat38.Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlaterIreceivedthemanager’sreply.A.since B.when C.as D.that39.UnlikewatchingTV,readingisahighlyactiveprocess(过程)________itrequiresattentionaswellasmemoryandimagination.A.until B.but C.unless D.for40.Theoldtowermustbesaved,_____________thecost.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever41.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening______youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime.A.as B.if C.when D.unless42.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It'syears_______Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.whenB.that C.before D.since43.Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,___________accordingtohimself.A.fivefooteightastallas B.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallas D.astallfivefooteightas44.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight? —Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clockhearrivedhome.A.before B.when C.that D.until45.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,__________theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.until B.evenif C.unless D.asthough46.ThemoreIthinkabouthim,themorereasonsIfindforlovinghim___Idid.A.asmuchas B.aslongas C.assoonas D.asfaras47.you’vetriedit.youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When48.---Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe_________Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?---Perhapstwoorthreeyears.A.when B.until C.that D.before49.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where50."Youcan'thavethisfootballbackyoupromisenottokickitatmycatagain,"theoldmansaidfirmly.A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.until51.Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathrooman