2021-2022学年陕西省咸阳市泾阳县石桥中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

2021-2022学年陕西省咸阳市泾阳县石桥中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.It’sveryhotanddry,butit

tobecoolintheevening.

A．expects

B．promises

C．wants

D．hopes参考答案：B2.Much________mysurprise,everystudentlookedatme_________surprisewhenIcameintotheclassroomA.in;to

B.to;by

C.to;in

D.in;in参考答案：C略3.—Doremembertotakethemedicinethreetimesadaywithwarmboiledwater．—

．A．Heardit

B．Madeit

C．Gotit

D．Takenit参考答案：C

4.______disappointedusmostwasthattheguidewasalwaysaskingustoleave____wethoughtveryinteresting.A.It;where

B.What;what

C.What;where

D.It;what参考答案：B5.Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_______thePacific,andwemetnostorms.

A．wascalled

B．iscalled

C．hadbeencalled

D．hasbeencalled参考答案：B

解析：本题考查动词的时态和语态。在非限定性定语从句中，表示的是一种现在仍沿用的称呼，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。6.Shedidn’tallowtheaccidenttodiscourageher.Onthecontrary,shebegantowork______.

A.astwicehard

B.twiceashard

C.twiceasharder

D.hardertwice参考答案：B7.

BeijingannouncedonSeptember23rdthatthedate_____eventsmarkingthe40thanniversary____thenormalizationofChina-Japanrelationswillbe"adjustedtoanappropriatetime".

A.on,to

B.for,of

C.of,for

D.to,with参考答案：B8.Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy______children’searlysleepingproblemislikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.A.that

B.how

C.whether

D.why参考答案：A9.24．Withtheincomes_____continuously,somepeoplenowcanaffordexpensiveclothingofthelatestfashion．

A．torise

B．risen

C．rising

D．beingrisen参考答案：C略10.Anindoormanreferstoapersonwhospends__________timeonindooractivities,suchasplayingcomputergames,sleepingandwatchingsportsontelevision.A.appropriate

B.specific

C.limited

D.considerable参考答案：D略11.In1768,________commanderoftheEndeavour,JamesCooks,metJosephBanks,whowasappointed________presidentoftheRoyalSociety10yearsago.A./;/

B./;theC.the;the

D.the;/参考答案：D考查冠词。句意：1768年，奋进号的指挥官詹姆斯·库克遇见了十年前被任命为皇家学会会长的约瑟夫·班克斯。第一空特指奋进号的指挥官，用定冠词the，第二空president表示头衔前面不加冠词，故选D.12.Jack

inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.A.works

B.hasworked

C.wasworking

D.wouldwork参考答案：C试题分析：题目考查时态。句意：突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。根据occurred可知，这里指过去发生的事情，断电时，杰克正在工作，综合用过去进行时，故选C。【名师点睛】一、过去进行时的构成：was/were+动词的现在分词(-ing)二、过去进行时的用法：1.表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作，通常与表过去的时间状语连用。例如：Atthismomentyesterday,Iwaspackingforcamp.2.表移动的动词，如come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等词的过去进行时，可以表示过去将要发生的动作。例如：ShetoldmethatshewasgoingtoHainanforherholiday.3.在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后，另一个动作正在进行。例如：Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.4.在叙述或描写过去的事情时，过去进行时经常与其他过去时态，特别是一般过去时连用。但是过去进行时往往表示背景。例如：Onenight,hewastypinginhisstudy.Suddenly,amanbrokeintohishouseandcutofftheelectricity.13.－Howlongdoyouthinkitis

hearrivedhere?－OnlyhalfayearIbelieve．A．when

B．since

C．before

D．that参考答案：B8.Thestudentinsistedthathe_____nothingwrongandwouldnever_____theteacher.A.haddone;givein

B.haddone;giveintoC.shoulddo;giveaway

D.shoulddo;giveup参考答案：B略15.Whentheaudienceheardthealarm,theyallhurriedto

theythoughtwasanemergencyexitdoor．A．what

B．which

C．where

D．who参考答案：A16.Whentheyretire,manypeopleover60preferthehousesinthecountrytospendtheirremainingyearsto__________inalargecity.A.it

B.that

C.those

D.which参考答案：C略二、完型填空17.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。CureforSorrowThereisanoldstorytellingaboutawomanwhoseonlysondiedinanaccident.Inher

21

,shewenttothewisemanthatisalways

22

forhiswisdominhertownandsaid,“Whatadviceorwhat

23

waysdoyouhavetobringmysonbacktolife?Iwill

24

youwithallIhaveifyoucan.”Insteadofsendingherawayor

25

withher,hesaidtoher,“Fetchmeamustard(芥末)seedfromahomethathasnever

26

sorrow.Wewilluseittodrivethesorrowoutofyourlife.”Thewomanwentoffatoncein

27

ofthatmagicalmustardseed.Shecamefirsttoasplendidapartment,

28

atthedoor,andsaidinan

29

voice,“Iamlookingforahomethathasneverknownsorrow.Isthissucha(n)

30

thatIwant?Itisveryimportanttome.”

31

,shedidn’tgetwhatshewanted,evenwithoutasinglewordof

32.Theytoldherthatshehadcometothewrongplace.Andtheybeganto

33

allthetragicthingsthatrecentlyhadhappenedtothem.Thewomansaidtoherself,“Whoisbetterabletohelpthesepoor,

34

peoplethanI,thoughIalsohavehadmisfortuneofmyown?”She

35

tocomfortthemtillthey

36

.Thenshewentonsearchingforahomethathadneverknownsorrow.But

37

sheturnedup,insmallcottagesorinotherplaces,shefoundone

38

afteranotherofsadnessandmisfortune.Shebecameso

39

inhelpingotherpeopleoutoftheirsorrowthatfinallysheforgotaboutherrequestforthespecialmustardseed,infact,never

40

thatithaddriventhesorrowoutofherlife.21．A．joy

B．danger

C．belief

D．sorrow22．A．envied

B．considered

C．respected

D．treated23．A．strange

B．magical

C．valuable

D．important24．A．reward

B．supply

C．provide

D．award25．A．quarreling

B．discussing

C．reasoning

D．arguing26．A．suffered

B．known

C．obtained

D．forgotten27．A．honor

B．favor

C．need

D．search28．A．knocked

B．broke

C．stood

D．pointed29．A．excited

B．confident

C．sad

D．urgent30．A．place

B．answer

C．apartment

D．person31．A．Luckily

B．Immediately

C．Gradually

D．Unfortunately32．A．praise

B．Respect

C．comfort

D．encouragement33．A．exchange

B．describe

C．simplify

D．decorate34．A．unfortunate

B．unfriendly

C．unimportant

D．unfamiliar35．A．planned

B．managed

C．continued

D．stayed36．A．settledown

B．breakdown

C．calmdown

D．getdown37．A．wherever

B．whatever

C．however

D．whenever38．A．excuse

B．tale

C．lie

D．reason39．A．curious

B．puzzled

C．worried

D．involved40．A．recognizing

B．realizing

C．remembering

D．wondering参考答案：21—25DCBAC

26—30BDCAA

31-35DCBAD

36-40CABDB三、阅读理解18.Noonehasatempernaturallysogood,thatitdoesnotneedattentionandcultivation,andnoonehasatempersobad,butthat,byproperculture,itmaybecomepleasant.Oneofthebestdisciplinedtemperseverseen,wasthatofagentlemanwhowasnaturallyquick,irritable,rash,andviolent;but,bytakingcareofthesick,andespeciallyofmentallyderanged(疯狂的)people,hesocompletelymasteredhimselfthathewasneverknowntobethrownoffhisguard.Thereisnomiserysoconstant,soupsetting,andsointolerabletoothers,asthatofhavingacharacterwhichisyourmaster.Therearecornersateveryturninlife,againstwhichwemayrun,andatwhichwemaybreakoutinimpatience,ifwechoose.LookatRogerSherman,whorosefromahumbleoccupationtoaseatinthefirstCongressoftheUnitedStates,andwhosejudgmentwasreceivedwithgreatrespectbythatbodyofdistinguishedmen.Hemadehimselfmasterofhistemperandcultivateditasagreatbusinessinlife.Thereareoneortwoinstanceswhichshowthispartofhischaracterinalightthatisbeautiful.Oneday,afterhavingreceivedhishighesthonors,hewassittingandreadinginhissittingroom.Astudent,inaroomcloseby,heldalooking-glassinsuchapositionastopourthereflectedraysofthesundirectlyinMrSherman?sface.Hemovedhischair,andthethingwasrepeated.Athirdtimethechairwasmoved,butthelooking-glassstillreflectedthesuninhiseyes.Helaidasidehisbook,wenttothewindow,andmanywitnessesoftherudebehaviorexpectedtoseetheungentlemanlystudentseverelypunished.Heraisedthewindowgently,andthen—shutthewindowblind!Icannothelpprovidinganotherinstanceofthepowerhehadacquiredoverhimself.Hewasnaturallypossessedofstrongpassions,butovertheseheatlengthobtainedanextraordinarycontrol.Hebecamehabituallycalmandself-possessed.MrShermanwasoneofthosemenwhoarenotashamedtomaintaintheformsofreligionintheirfamilies.OnemorninghecalledthemalltogetherasusualtoleadtheminprayertoGod.The"oldfamilyBible"wasbroughtoutandlaidonthetable.MrShermantookhisseatandplacedbesidehimoneofhischildren,achildofhisoldage.Therestofthefamilywereseatedaroundtheroom,severalofwhomwerenowgrown-ups.Besidesthese,someofthetutorsofthecollegewereboardersinthefamilyandwerepresentatthetime.Hisagedmotheroccupiedacorneroftheroom,oppositetheplacewherethedistinguishedJudgesat.Atlength,heopenedtheBibleandbegantoread.Thechildwhowasseatedbesidehimmadesomelittledisturbance,uponwhichMrShermanpausedandtoldittobestill.Againhecontinuedbutagainhehadtopausetoscoldthelittleoffender,whoseplayfulcharacterwouldscarcelypermitittobestill.Atthistimehegentlytappeditsear.Theblow,ifblowitmightbecalled,caughttheattentionofhisagedmother,whonowwithsomeeffortrosefromtheseatandtotteredacrosstheroom.Atlength,shereachedthechairofMrSherman,andinamoment,mostunexpectedlytohim,shegavehimablowontheearwithalltheforceshecouldgather.“There,”saidshe,“youstrikeyourchild,andIwillstrikemine.”Foramoment,thebloodwasseenmountingtothefaceofMrSherman.Butitwasonlyforamomentandallwascalmandmildasusual.Hepaused;heraisedhisglasses;hecasthiseyeuponhismother;againitfelluponthebookfromwhichhehadbeenreading.Notawordescapedhim;butagainhecalmlypursuedtheservice,andsoonsoughtinprayeranabilitytosetanexamplebeforehishouseholdwhichshouldbeworthyoftheirimitation.Suchavictorywasworthmorethantheproudestoneeverachievedonthefieldofbattle.45.ThefollowingsentenceshouldbeputatthebeginningofParagraph_______.?Thedifferenceinthehappinesswhichisreceivedbythemanwhogovernshistemperandthatbythemanwhodoesnotisdramatic(戏剧性的，巨大的).A.Five B.FourC.Three D.Two46.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingreasons. B.Bylistingarguments.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bycomparingfacts.47.WhatwasRogerSherman?sattitudetowardshisagedmother?A.Tolerant. B.SkepticalC.Grateful.. D.Sympathetic.48.WhatcanwelearnaboutRogerSherman?A.Hecamefromadistinguishedfamilybackground.B.Hewasnotgoodatdisplayinghistrueinnerfeelings.C.Heseverelypunishedastudentwhodidn?tbehavehimself.D.Hewasamanconsciousoftheconsequencesofhisbehavior.49.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.MrShermanwasashamedofhismother?sbehavior.B.MrShermanwasthenonthepointofexploding.C.MrSherman?sfacewascoveredwithblood.D.MrShermanwasseekingstrengthinprayer.50.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TreasureyourBible.B.Saveyourself-esteem.C.Mindyourmanners.D.Controlyourtemper.参考答案：45.D

46.C

47.A

48.D

49.B

50.D【分析】本文为说明文。人的脾气不是天生就是好的。通过适当的文化修养训练，脾气不好的可以变好，并通过例子来证明。本文对控制自己脾气的人和不控制自己脾气的人进行了对比，从而得出二者所获得的幸福差异很大，控制好自己脾气的会获得幸福和别人的尊重。所以我们要控制自己的情绪。【45题详解】篇章结构题。本文第一段就人的脾气可以通过后天的文化修养变得好。第二段未能控制好脾气的人会因此痛苦。从第三段用例子来说证明，控制好的人脾气和未能控制好脾气的人的差异。由此可判断出第二段提出控制和未控制好脾气的人二者的区别。题目中的“Thedifferenceinthehappinesswhichisreceivedbythemanwhogovernshistemperandthatbythemanwhodoesnotisdramatic”的句意“控制自己脾气的人和不控制自己脾气的人所获得的幸福感的差异是戏剧性的”可知，应当放在第二段前面，故选D项。【46题详解】篇章结构题。分析文章可知，文章的第一和第二段提出观点，接着用RogerSherman的事例来证明，可知本文以举例展开的。分析选项可知C项正确。47题详解】推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容可知，当谢尔曼他们在祈祷时，他最小的孩子因为调皮被谢尔曼先生轻轻拍了，引起了年迈的母亲不满并打了他一巴掌，谢尔曼先生涨红了脸；片刻之后，一切又恢复了往常的平静。谢尔曼先生停下来看了看老母亲，转而视线又回到了他刚在看的书上。他什么也没说，只是继续平静地进行仪式。由此可知谢尔曼对他年迈的母亲是宽容的，分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后的内容receivedwithgreatrespectbythatbodyofdistinguishedmen.Hemadehimselfmasterofhistemperandcultivateditasagreatbusinessinlife.Thereareoneortwoinstanceswhichshowthispartofhischaracterinalightthatisbeautiful.可知，“他受人尊重是因为他做自己脾气的主人不受脾气所左右，毕生都把培养自己的好脾气当做一件大事来看待。有一两个例子可以充分看出他这种出色的性格”。接着从第四段一直至最后用事例来他一生都在控制自己的脾气，并给家人树立了值是人效仿的好榜样（setanexamplebeforehishouseholdwhichshouldbeworthyoftheirimitation）。可知他是一个知道自己行为后果的人。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据句中的转折连词but可知，前后意思是相反的。“Foramoment,thebloodwasseenmountingtothefaceofMrSherman.Butitwasonlyforamomentandallwascalmandmildasusual.”“有一瞬间，谢尔曼涨红了脸。但这只是一瞬间，一切都像往常一样平静而温和”。可知前面一句是不平静，可知是生气了，涨红了脸。分析选选项（A.谢尔曼为他母亲的行为感到羞愧；B.谢尔曼当时就要爆炸了；C.谢尔曼的脸上满是血；D.谢尔曼在祈祷中寻求力量）可知B就是生气的意思，故B项符合题意。【50题详解】主旨大意题。本文的第一段叙述了没有人天生就有一个好脾气的，脾气不好的人只要恰当培养训练，坏脾气也能变好。第二段到最后用事例证明人能控制好自己的脾气，控制好脾气的人会得到幸福的，因此要控制好自己的脾气。而且文章反复出现的单词是temper，且有词disciplinedtempers，masteredhimself，madehimselfmasterofhistemper，这些词都与D项中的controltemper是同义词。根据以上的分析可知B项（控制你的脾气）符合题意，故选D项。【点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题要有根据性，针对性和醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性就是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引了读者的注意，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如第6小题，文章反复出现的单词是disciplinedtempers，masteredhimself，madehimselfmasterofhistemper，这与选项D中的这些词都与controltemper是同义词。与D项相照应。由此得出正确的答案。19.Companionplantingistheideathatwhensomecropsareplantedtogether,theyhelpeachothergrow.Thecompatibleplantsgenerallyhavesimilarneedsfornutrients,soilandmoisture.Adviceforcompanionplantingsissometimesbasedmoreontraditionthanproof.ButFabianFernandezattheUniversityofIllinoissaysthereisevidenceforsomecombinations.Thesecanleadtobettercrops,reducediseaseandhelpwithpestcontrolbyattractinghelpfulinsects.Forexample,somekindsofsoilbacteriatakenitrogen(氮)fromtheairandmakeaformthatplantscanuse.Theplantskeepthenitrogenintheirroots.

Legumes(豆类)areespeciallygoodatthis.Anycropssharingthesamespacecangetthenitrogenastherootsdecompose(腐烂).Cropslikebeansandpotatoes,carrotsandcabbages,beansandricecanalsoshareterritorywellbecausetheirrootsreachdifferentlevelsinthesoil.Deep-rootedvegetablesgetnutrientsandmoisturefromlowerdown,sotheydonotcompetewithshallowerplants.Butsomeplantsplacedtogethermayharmeachother'sdevelopment.Forexample,tomatoesdonotlikewetsoilbutwatercressdoes,asthenamesuggests.Soyouwouldprobablynotwanttoputthemtogether.Evenafterharvest,somekindsofproduceshouldbekeptapart.Apples,forexample,releaseethylenegas,aplanthormone.Itcancauseotherfoodstoripen(成熟)tooquickly.Marketsoftenseparatehighethylene-producingfoodsfromthosethataresensitivetothegas.Butsometimesyoumightwantthemtogether.Forexample,ifyouputanappleinabagwithagreenbanana,thebananawillbereadytoeatsooner.Nowwhataboutpeaches,plumsandnectarinesthataretoofirmtoeat?GrowersinCaliforniaanswerthisquestionat.Theysayanapple,abananaorariperpieceoffruitisnotneeded.Thepeaches,plumsandnectarinesthemselvesreleaseenoughofthegastoripensuccessfully.Here'stheiradvice:placethefruitinafruitbowlorinapaperbagwiththetopfoldedover.Keepthefruitatroomtemperature.Whenthefruitissoftenoughtoyourliking,eitheruseitorplaceitinarefrigeratortostopfurtherripening.12.Whatarethebasicneedsforcompanionplanting?A.Goodoldcompanions.

B.Somekindsofsoilbacteria.C.Nutrients,soilandmoisture.

D.Helpfulinsects.13.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Tosomeextent,companionplantingreliesmoreontraditionalexperience.B.Inthefie