新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程Book3-Unit3-Section-B-A-life-in-film课件

3Unit3LifestoriesFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSHEBEIUNIVERSITYSectionBAlifeinfilm2Lead-inInspiringyourthoughtsEnhancingyourskillsFulfillingyourtaskInspiringyourthoughtsEnhancingyourskillsFulfillingyourtaskLead-inLead-inWhatisyourdream?Whatstandsinyourwayofpursuingyourdreamsandhowdoyouhandleit?Lead-inTalkingaboutdreamsTaskWorkingroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.Mydreamistobeanastronomer.However,Ihavetofacemanychallenges,suchasdifficultiesinacquiringtoomuchknowledge,yearsoftediousworkonresearchprojects,lackofastrongpassiontokeepmegoing,etc.IthinkIhavetohandlethemwithdetermination,hardwork,aswellasabsolutepatience.Step1Weallhavedreams,sometimestheobstaclesthatblockourwaytoachieveourdreamsarenotfromothers,butourselves.Let’sseethesuggestiongivenbyHowardSchultz,CEOofStarbucks.Watchthefollowingvideoandsummarizethemainideaofthespeech.Lead-inLead-inStep2InTextB,wearegoingtomeetStevenSpielberg.Whatdoyouknowabouthim?Nowlet’sgettoknowhimthroughapieceofvideo.Afterthevideo,talkabout:WhatdoesStevenSpielbergdo?Whataresomeofhisrepresentativeworks?EnhancingyourskillsFulfillingyourtaskLead-inReadingskillsReadingcomprehensionInspiringyourthoughtsInB1U3,wehavelearnedhowtodistinguishfactsfromopinions.

Doyoustillrememberthedifferencesbetweenthemandthesignificanceofdistinguishingthem?ReadingskillsInspiringyourthoughtsTask1Reviewing

thereadingskilllearnedinB1U3Writing:Supportyouropinionswithawiderangeoffacts!Reading:Onewaytofindthemainideaofaparagraphistoidentifythetopicsentence.Inprofilearticles,ashasbeenmentionedinSectionA,properfactsshouldbechosentoprovetheauthor’sopinion.ReadingskillsInspiringyourthoughtsFacts:

Howtheauthorsupportswhathethinkswithevidence;reallyhappenedandbeknownforcertain;objective

(客观的)Opinions:Whattheauthorthinks;debatableandsubjective

(主观的)ReadthefollowingstatementsfromTextBanddecidewhicharefacts(F)andwhichareopinions(O).Step1ReadingskillsInspiringyourthoughtsTask2Distinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions1.At12yearsold,StevenSpielbergwasalreadyvisitingfilmshootingsatUniversalStudios.

2.Suchpersistenceishardlysurprisingformaboywhoselifelongconvictionwasto“Makesureyouarerightandgoon!”

3.WhenStevenwaseightyearsold,hisfathergavehimaBrownie8mmfilmcameraashisbirthdaypresent.

4.Hisachievementsarecertainlyrelatedtothepersonalobstaclesandsetbackshefacedfromanearlyage.FOFOReadingskillsInspiringyourthoughtstobecontinued5.ThethemeofthelackofafatherfigureconsistentlyinfectedSteven’sfilms.

6.Heappliedtotwoofthebestfilmschoolsinthecountry.

7.Unwillingtogiveup,StevenenteredtheCaliforniaStateUniversity,wherehehopedtheprograminTVandradiomightopenhiswaytoHollywood.

8.Instead,itisSteven’scommittedspiritthathasstrengthenedhiminstandingfastagainstallrejections,prejudiceandskepticism,anddrivenhimtokeepmovingonward.

OF

F

OInspiringyourthoughtsReadingskillsStep2Intheabovepractices,ifthestatementisafact,whatkindofopinioncanitsupport;ifitisanopinion,howshoulditbesupported?Discussingroupsoffourandanswerthefollowingquestion.ReadingskillsInspiringyourthoughtsEnhancingyourskillsPresentingyourprojectProjectoftheunitReadingcomprehensionInspiringyourthoughtsReadingskillStep1Readthetextanddiscussthefollowingquestionsingroupoffour.Whatisthethemeofthisprofile?Whatfactsarechosentosupportthetheme?InspiringyourthoughtsReadingcomprehensionDetailedunderstandingofthetextTask1Facts:At12yearsold,Steventriedtoimmersehimselfinfilminanywaypossible.Bythetimehewas17,Stevenhadestablishedhimselfasadirector.Obstaclesfromfamily,schoolandjobapplication.HesneakedintotheUniversalStudios,watchingandlearning.Afteroneofhisfilmsbroughtaseven-yearcontracttohim,hedirectedsomesmallerTVdramasandlow-budgetprojects.Finallyhebecamefamous.Theme: ThecommitmentanddeterminationledStevenSpielbergtohissuccessinfilm.InspiringyourthoughtsReadingcomprehensionWhydidStevenmanipulatehiswaytovisitfilmshootingsatUniversalStudioseveryday?WhichmoviehelpedStevenwinanationalcontest?WhatwasStevenlikewhenhewasinschool?WhatimpactdidSteven’sfatherhaveonhim?Whydidn’tStevengetadmittedtothebestfilminstitutions?WhatisthemainideaofParagraph7?WhichfilmwasgoodenoughtowinStevenaseven-yearcontractwithUniversalStudios?Readthetextagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.Step2InspiringyourthoughtsReadingcomprehensionReadingcomprehensionInspiringyourthoughtsWhydidStevenmanipulatehiswaytovisitfilmshootingsatUniversalStudioseveryday?Becausehetriedtoimmersehimselfinfilminanywaypossible.2.WhichmoviehelpedStevenwinanationalcontest?EscapetoNowhere.tobecontinuedReferenceanswers：

ReadingcomprehensionInspiringyourthoughts3.WhatwasStevenlikewhenhewasinschool?Hewasavoidedandlaughedatbyhisclassmates.4.WhatimpactdidSteven’sfatherhaveonhim?Stevenlaterconsistentlyshotfilmsthatlackedafatherfigure.tobecontinuedReadingcomprehensionInspiringyourthoughts5.Whydidn’tStevengetadmittedtothebestfilminstitutions?Becauseofhislowgrades.6.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph7?Stevenmanagedtochangethesituationbyhimself.7.WhichfilmwasgoodenoughtowinStevenaseven-yearcontractwithUniversalStudios?Amblin.Whichismoreimportanttoaperson’sfutureachievement,experienceorgrades?Whatcouldyougetfromyourcollegeeducation?ComparedwithSteven,whatdoyoustilllack?Thinkaboutthefollowingquestions.InspiringyourthoughtsReadingcomprehensionCriticalthinkingTask11.Ithinkexperienceismoreimportanttoaperson’sfuturecareerachievement.Yourexperiencenotonlyhelpsyouobtaindeepknowledgeaboutyourgoal,butalsoprovidesyouwitharealinsightintowhatyouarepursuingandstrengthensyourdeterminationwhenyouareconfrontedwithdifficulties.Althoughmanypeoplebelieveexperienceisveryimportant,Ithinkgradesaremorecriticalforone’sfutureachievement.Inmyopinion,forstudents,gradesareabetterindicatoroftheirabilityinobtainingandapplyingknowledge,whichisessentialinachievingone’sgoal.InspiringyourthoughtsReadingcomprehensionReferenceanswers：

tobecontinued2.WhatIcouldgetfrommycollegeeducationisknowledgefrombooks,faithinlife,andequallyimportantly,someinterpersonalskills.ComparedwithSteven,IthinkIstilllackpracticalexperienceinwork,passionateloveofwhatI’mdoing,andmostimportantly,thepersistenceinpursuingmydream.InspiringyourthoughtsReadingcomprehensionFulfillingyourtaskLead-inInspiringyourthoughtsLanguagehighlightingLanguagelearningLanguagefocusTranslationskillEnhancingyourskillsimmersesimulateshunmockinflectstriveendorsesabotagecontriverectifydivertwithholdFindtheverbsthatreflectthedifficultiesStevenfacedandhowhesolvedthem.Step1EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagelearningWordbankTask1refusetogivesb.sth.makeagreatefforttoachievesth.correctsth.thatiswrongbecomecompletelyinvolvedinanactivitysucceedindoingsth.,esp.sth.difficultmakesth.moveortravelinadifferentdirectiondeliberatelyspoilsb.’splansbecauseyoudonotwantthemtosucceedlaughatsb.orsth.andtrytomakethemlookstupidrectifycontrivewithholdsabotagestriveimmersemockdivertMatchwordswiththeirmeaningsStep2ThesewomenliveinNewYorkCitywhereitmaybedifficultto__________awayoflivingthatwouldbeaffordablefortheirbudget.Concernaboutsea-levelrisemustnotbeallowedto________attentionfromotherproblemscausedbytheincreaseofcoastalpopulations.Ihopethathewillhelpto________thesituationagain.Icangiveor__________myfavorsatwill.Step3

Fillintheblankswiththeverbsabove.contrivewithholdrectifydivertEnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagelearningtobecontinuedMiketriedto__________MaggieandStan’srelationshipbecausehewasjealousofthem.Mostteachersencouragetheirstudentsto________themselvesinEnglish.Sometimesyouget_________evenwhenyouareright.Wecan’tcontrolwhatothersdo,butwecan_______tobecreative,tough-mindedandexcellent.sabotagestrivemockedimmerseEnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagelearning1.

legitimate(Para.1)Itisnotuncommonthatcriminalorganizationsusetheirprofitsfromillegalactivitiestobuylegitimatebusinesses.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightingDetailedlearningofkeyvocabularyTask2Translation:犯罪组织利用从非法活动中获得的利润来收购合法生意，这种情况并不少见。a.1.

acceptableorallowedbylaw合法的；法律允许的；依法的1.

legitimate(Para.1)It’sperfectlylegitimateforparentstowanttospendtimewiththeirchildren.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlighting2.fairorreasonable公正的；正当的；合理的Translation:父母想跟孩子待在一起是完全合理的。2.terrific(Para.2)All

of

a

sudden

there

was

a

terrificbang

and

a

flash

of

smoke.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightinga.1.verylargeinsizeordegree（尺度或程度）极其巨大的，大得惊人的Translation:突然传来惊天动地一声响，还冒出一股烟。2.terrific(Para.2)Yoursecondfilmwasalsowell-receivedandaveryterrificmovie.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightinga.2. verygood,esp.inawaythatmakesyoufeelhappyandexcited极好的；极棒的；非常愉快的Translation:你的第二部影片也极受欢迎，是非常棒的片子。3.

conspicuous(Para.3)Thespecialpoliceunitdressedlikegangmembersbecauseitmadethemlooklessconspicuousinthegang’sneighborhood.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightinga.veryeasytonotice显著的；显眼的；引人注目的Translation:特警队装扮成匪帮成员的模样，这样在匪帮的地盘里就不会那么显眼。4.

infect(Para.4)Helookedsadbecausehewasunabletoinfectherwithhisenthusiasm.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightingvt.1.makeotherpeoplehavethefeelingorideathatyouhave（在感情或思想上）感染，影响（他人）Translation:他没能用他的热情来感染她，因此看上去郁郁不乐。4.

infect(Para.4)Ifhehasthevirus,hemayinfectyou.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightingvt.2 makesb.getadisease,thatcanbespreadfromonepersontoanother使传染；使感染Translation:如果他有病毒，就可能传染给你。5.

smuggle(Para.7)Wehadnodifficultiestosmugglewhiskyandcigarettesintothecamp.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlighting

v.1.takesth.orsb.secretlytoaplacewheretheyarenotallowedtobe偷偷携带；夹带Translation:我们偷带威士忌和烟进营地没什么困难。5.

smuggle(Para.7)AnofficerwasarrestedonchargesofsmugglingillegalimmigrantsanddrugsintotheUnitedStates.EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlighting

v.2.takesth.orsb.illegallyfromonecountrytoanother走私；偷运Translation:一个官员因被指控偷渡非法移民和走私毒品进入美国而被捕。1.“ItisnotbyanycoincidencethatStevenisinhispresentposition.”Instead,itisSteven’scommittedspiritthathasstrengthenedhiminstandingfastagainstallrejections,prejudiceandskepticismanddrivenhimtokeepmovingonward.(Para.10)“史蒂文能达到目前的地位绝非偶然。”相反，是史蒂文执著的精神让他能够脚踏实地，直面所有拒绝、偏见和怀疑，并推动他持续向前。EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightingSentenceanalysisTask3itisnot+…thatclause;itis+…thatclause

(Para.10)平行结构是指一个句子或段落中重复相同的单词或短语模式，可以表示强调、递进、对比、转折等。此处使用“itisnot+…thatclause;itis+…thatclause”这样的平行结构可以起到连接相邻句子的作用，有助于更好地组织要点，促进对文章的理解，同时也产生一种语言上的韵律美。EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightingitisnot+…thatclause;itis+…thatclause

(Para.10)EnhancingyourskillsLanguagefocusLanguagehighlightingItisnotbecauseIamstrivingtocultivateanairofinnocencethatIoftendressinwhite;itisbecauseIhavetothinkofmyownconvenienceforenteringandleavingmyplaceofworkthatIwearwhite.Translation:我并不是因为要努力营造纯洁气氛才常穿白色衣服，而是因为我必须考虑进出工作场所方便才穿白色的。FulfillingyourtaskLead-inInspiringyourthoughtsLanguagehighlightingLanguagelearningLanguagefocusTranslationskillEnhancingyourskills1. Butsherefusedtoallowherspirittobeafflictedbythedesperaterealityofheryounglife.(Para.4)2. FriendssaidAudreyhadacompletelackofegoandacceptedandappreciatedothersastheywere.(Para.7)DiscussingroupsoffourandtranslatethefollowingsentencesfromTextAintoproperChinese,payingattentiontothewordsinred.

Step1EnhancingyourskillsImprovingtranslationskillTaskTranslationskillButsherefusedtoallowherspirittobeafflictedbythedesperaterealityofheryounglife.(Para.4)不过她并没有让自己的精神受到幼年生活中残酷现实的影响。2. FriendssaidAudreyhadacompletelackofegoandacceptedandappreciatedothersastheywere.(Para.7)朋友说，奥黛丽一点都不自我，并且接受和欣赏别人的一切。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskillReferenceanswers：

Negation

英语与汉语都可以从正面或者反面来表达同一概念。在翻译过程中，有些从正面表达的语句可以处理成反面表达，也可以把反面表达的内容处理成正面表达。这种把正说处理成反说的译法被称作“反译”，把反说处理成正说的译法被称作“正译”。有时候语言的正反表达形式不能对译，必须进行正反转换，以保证译文的流畅和通顺。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill

有些英语句子在形式和内容上虽然都是肯定的，但有时需要根据汉语表达习惯及修辞或语气的要求译成否定形式，才能更好地表达原文内容。翻译以下词汇和短语时可运用正说反译的方法。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill1.正说反译miss(错过),deny(否认，剥夺),fail(不及格，未成功),lack(缺乏),ignore(不顾，不理),neglect(忽视),overlook(不注意),exclude(排除),refrainfrom(克制),refuse(拒绝),lose(丧失)

1）Imissedwhatyouhavesaidbecauseofthenoiseoutside.由于外面的噪音，我没听清楚你说的话。2）She’sstillfeelingprettylowaboutfailingthatexam.由于没有通过那次考试，她的情绪仍然低落。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill1.正说反译—动词ignorant(无知的),regardlessof(不顾),freefrom(免于),farfrom(远远不，非但不是),shortof(不足),absent(缺席),outof(没有),bad(不适当的)1）Ourdrinksarefreefromallartificialcoloringsandflavorings.我们的饮料不含任何人工色素和调味剂。2）Whileourbosswasabsenteveryonestartedtotakeverylonglunchbreaks.老板不在时，人人都开始延长午餐休息时间。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill1.正说反译—形容词beyond(超出),butfor(若不是),except(除了),

above(超出)等1）Thequestionisabovethefive-year-oldboy.那个五岁的小孩不懂这个问题。2）Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.要是没有遇上暴风雨，我们会早到了。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill1.正说反译—介词before(决不，还未来得及),unless(如果不),until(不到…时候),rather...than...(宁可…也不愿…)1）IwouldratherdiebeforeIwouldbetraymycountry.我宁可死，也不背叛我的祖国。2）Iwouldrathertakeabusintotownthandrivingaroundalldaylookingforsomewheretopark.与其整天开车到处寻找停车位，我还不如坐公交车进城呢。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill1.正说反译—连词由于没有任何证据，警方不得不释放安德斯。1）Intheabsenceofanyevidence,thepolicehadtoletAndersgo.absence(缺席),failure(不成功),refusal(拒绝),ignorance(无知)

2）Thefailureoftheinternationalcommunitytodealeffectivelywiththeproblemhascostthousandsoflives.国际社会未能有效处理这个问题，导致了成千上万的人丧生。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill1.正说反译—名词

反说正译是指在翻译过程中把原文的否定式译成肯定式。在某些语境中，英语中的否定往往需要译成汉语的肯定，即英语从反面表达，汉语从正面表达。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill2.反说正译unload,disappear,disagree,disapprove,etc.1)Thesebeautifulbirdsarefastdisappearing.这些漂亮的鸟类濒临灭绝了。2) Whenwegothomeandwereunloadingthecar,Icouldhardlybelievemyeyeswhenmybrothertookadogoutofthecar.到了家，我们把行李从车上卸下来，当我兄弟从车里拿出一只小狗时，我真不敢相信自己的眼睛。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill2.反说正译—动词unhappy,impatient,illiterate,unusual,untouchable,careless,uneasy,uncommon1) Rapidandinexpensivetransportandcommunicationmaythreatennationalcuisines.快速及便宜的交通运输业会威胁到民族烹饪。2)Ilikethatpainting;it’smostunusual.我喜欢那幅画，它独具一格。EnhancingyourskillsTranslationskill2.反说正译—形容词dislike,disbelief,unemployment,impatience1) However,foodlikesanddislikesdonotalwaysseemrelatedtonutrition.不过，对食物的好恶似乎并不一定与营养有关。2) Unemploymentroselastmonthtoits