朗文4A-Chapter-3复习提要

《朗文英语4A》复习提要

Chapter3：Whenourgrandparentswereyoung当我们爷爷奶奶（外婆外公）小的时候=1\*ROMANI.经过第3章的学习，下面的新单词我们要准确无误地读（readthemcorrectly），知道它们的中文意思(knowtheChinesemeaning)，不看书进行英汉互译(translate)，并且还要会拼写(spell)。countablenoun(可数cn.)uncountablenoun(不可数un.)CD碟片、CDchewinggum口香糖(chew咀嚼)comic漫画书cola可乐clock钟fastfood快餐air-con(air-conditioner)空调mobilephone手机、移动电话*注意：anair-con一台空调=2\*ROMANII.句型。下面的关键句型我们要会读(read),知道意思(knowtheChinesemeaning),会根据不同的语境来运用(usethemindifferentcontexts)，会写(writethemcorrectly)。--Wasthereanycolawhenyouwereyoung，Grandpa?--Yes,therewas.（肯定回答）--Wasthereanyfastfoodwhenyouwereyoung?--No,therewasn’t.（否定回答）--Werethereanyair-conswhenyouwereyoung,Grandma?--Yes,therewere.（肯定回答）--Werethereanymobilephoneswhenyouwereyoung,Grandma?--No,thereweren’t.（否定回答)总结：当名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，be动词用单数(is，was)。当主语是可数名词的复数时,be动词用复数（are,were）。总结如下：is/was+不可数名词/可数名词单数are/were+可数名词复数some和any的用法如下：一些都可以修饰不可数名词与可数名词复数some 用在肯定句中一些都可以修饰不可数名词与可数名词复数any 用在疑问句或否定句中*注意：Grandpa和Grandma一般用语口语称呼，其结构一般是“…，Grandpa/Grandma”。而grandfather和grandmother一般用语书面语。在以下两种情况下“grandma/grandpa/dad/mum…”在表示称呼的时候首字母要大写，1）直接称呼时；2）跟别人谈到自己的爷爷、奶奶、外公、外婆、爸爸、妈妈时，前面没有加任何修饰成分时前面有修饰语（如my时），称呼词的首字母用大写。例如：Howareyoutoday,Mum?Mymomisreadinginthebedroom.Weretheyanyair-conswhenyouwereyoung,Grandma?Tomwasplayingcomputergamesandhisgrandfatherwaswatchinghim.当然，如果therebe句型的学习只是局限在书上，那么各位考试keepkepthithitwinwonloselosthappenhappened5)对于下面的一些词组和句型，我们要准确而流利地读出来，能够英汉互译，还要会运用和拓展。1.Tomwasplayingcomputergames.Tom正在玩电脑游戏Hisgrandfatherwaswatchinghim.他的祖父正在看着他。正在进行时：be+doing（正在做某事）现在正在进行时：Iam+doingShe/He/It/Lucy/Lily/Sam/Mymumis+doingYou/They/We/SamandLilyare+doing过去正在进行时：Iwas+doingShe/He/It/Lucy/Lily/Sam/Mymumwas+doingYou/They/We/SamandLilywere+doing2.ThegameIlikebestwasmarbles.我最喜欢的游戏是弹珠。基本结构：The…sblike/likesbestis…（谓语单复数根据主语变化）拓展举例：ThegameIlikebestismarbles.ThefruitIlikebestismangoes.ThebookIlikebestisGonewiththeWind.Thesporthelikesbestisjogging.3.Howdoyouplaymarbles,Grandpa?爷爷，你怎么玩弹珠的？基本结构：Howdoyou+动词原形?你怎么…?拓展举例：Howdoyoucookyourfavouritefood? Howdoesheplayhopscotch?4.Itsoundsfun!听起来有趣！基本结构：sound+形容词：听起来…（sound在句子中是系动词） look+形容词：看起来…拓展举例：Itsoundsboring.Itsoundsinteresting.Youlookbeautifultoday.Helookssotallthisyear.5.Wewantedtohitothermarblesout.我们想把其他的弹珠撞出去。hit…out把……撞出去拓展举例：TomhitsJerryout.Hehitstheballoutoftheplayground.Hehitmeoutoftheclassroomyesterday.6.SometimesIwonalotofmarblesandsometimesIlostalottoo.有时候我赢很多弹珠，有时候我也会输掉很多。Sometimes…andsometimes…有时候…有时候…(and连接两个短句)拓展举例：SometimesIeatoutandsometimesIeatathometoo.SometimesIdomyhomeworkinthelivingroomandsometimesIdomyhomeworkinthebedroomtoo.注意：alotof(lotsof)+不可数名词/可数名词复数；alot是一个副词，放在句末，后面不能跟名词。比如：Ihavealotofmarbles.=Ihavelotsofmarbles.Shehasalotofchewinggum.=Shehaslotsofchewinggum.Thanksalot.Mygrandparentsplayedmarblesalotwhentheywereyoung.=4\*ROMANIV.PartENewwordsandphrasesforPartE.E部分新单词和词组。要求：对于以下单词和词组要会读，会英汉互译。书上记笔记的单词还要会拼写。weartrainers穿运动鞋usecreditcards使用信用卡haveatelephone有一部电话listentotheradio听收音机;听广播(radio复数形式为radios)shopatsupermarkets在超市购物(超市作单数在词组中表达为：shopatthesupermarket)gotoschool去学校rich富有的poor贫穷的;可怜的people人们（复数）children孩子们（复数）check检查2）语法点:therebe句型以及Didyou…?句型Thereweren’tanycreditcards.Thereweren’tanysupermarkets.总结：were后面加可数名词复数；否定句中用any。--Didyouweartrainersfiftyyearsago?--Yes,Idid.--Didyouusecreditcards?--No,Ididn’t.总结：did后面跟动词原形（“打一次”）。=5\*ROMANV.PartF.1）Newwordsandphrases.新单词和词组。要求：知道意思，会读。arickshaw一辆黄包车、一辆人力车anoillamp一盏油灯clogs木屐；木底鞋acamera一部相机afan一把扇子/风扇astove一只炉子keepcool保持凉爽takephotos拍照atnight在晚上foot(单数:rightfoot;leftfoot)-feet(复数)2）动词过去式。要求：知道中文意思，会读，会拼写。PresenttensePasttensecook煮饭cookeduse使用usedtakephotos拍照tookphotoswear穿woreride骑rode（3）介词1.Peoplecookedonstoves.(on表示“在…上面”)2.Peopletookphotoswithacamera.（with表示“用…”）3.Peopleuseafantokeepcool.(to表示目的，“为了…”)4.Peopleworeclogsontheirfeet.(on表示“在…上面”)5.Peopleusedoillampsatnight.（atnight,atnoon，inthemorning/afternoon/evening）6.Peoplerodeinarickshaw.(in表示“在…里面)=6\*ROMANVI．PartG.要求：知道每句话的意思，会背，出现的新词还要能英汉互译。wakeup(wokeup)醒来puton(puton)穿上washfacewithcoldwater用冷水洗脸congeeandnoodles粥和面条(congeen粥不可数名词un.)rice,vegetablesandsaltedfish米饭，蔬菜和咸鱼(rice米饭fish鱼肉是不可数名词un.)at6o’clock在六点Ihadcongeeandnoodlesforbreakfast.Ihadrice,vegetablesandsaltedfishforlunch.基本结构：have…forbreakfast/lunch/dinner.早餐、午餐、晚餐吃……例如：--Whatdidyouhaveforlunch?--Ihadsomerice,aneggandsomesoupforlunch.--Whatdidyouhaveforbreakfast?--Ihadmilk,breadandcongeeforbreakfast.8.cookdinner做晚饭9.atuncle’sstore在叔叔的商店10.Ihelpedmymumcookdinner.我帮助我妈妈做晚饭。基本结构：helpsbdo…帮助某人做……Shehelpshermumdohousework.Sheishelpingherfriendsdohomework.Doyouwanttohelpmewashdishes?附录：therebe句型专项复习提要构成：Therebe...句型表示的是

“某处有(存在)某人或某物”基本结构：Therebe(is,are,was,were

)+名词+地点状语/时间状语.否定句：Therebe句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。例如：Thereisanorangeinherbag.→Thereisn’tanorangeinherbag.→Thereisnoorangeinherbag.Therearesomeorangesinherbag.→Therearen’tanyorangesinherbag.→Therearenoorangesinherbag.Thereissomejuiceinthebottle.→Thereisn’tanyjuiceinthebottle.→Thereisnojuiceinthebottle.一般疑问句：Therebe结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一人称要变第二人称（I–you,my-your,we-you,our-your）再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：

Thereissomemoneyinherhandbag.

→

Isthereanymoneyinherhandbag?(疑问句和否定句中，some改为any,something改为anything,and改为or.)TherewassomecolaandmobilephoneswhenIwasyoung.→Therewasn’tanycolaormobilephoneswhenIwasyoung.→Wasthereanycolaormobilephoneswhenyouwereyoung?*注意：therebe句型中的be动词由时态（现在时、过去时）以及后面名词（单数、复数、不可数）来决定。例如Thereisabasketballinthebox.Thereissomemilkintheglass.Therewassomewaterinthecuplastnight.

Therearemanybirdsinthetree.Thereweremanypeopleinthestreetyesterday.在否定句和疑问句中，名词是复数名词或者是不可数名词的时候，不能用some只能用any.例如：Wasthereanycolawhenyouwereyoung?Werethereanymobilephones100yearsago?Thereisn’tanyfoodnow.Therewasn’tanyblackteawhenIwasyoung.therebe遵循就近原则：therebe句型后面如果跟两个或者两个以上的名词，be动词由时态以及离它最近的名词来决定，也就是“就近原则”。例如：Thereisanorangeandsomebananasinthebasket.

Therearesomebananasandanorangeinthebasket.

Wasthereanycolaorhamburgerswhenyouwereyoung?Thereweren’tanyhamburgersorcolawhenIwasyoung.therebe句型练习一、填空There______________somehamburgersonthetablenow.___________thereanyorangejuice100yearsago?There_________________manychildrenintheclassroomnow.________________there______________chewinggumwhenyouwereyoung?______________there_______________mobilephoneswhenyouwereyoung?There__________________milkorsugarnow.Iamhungry.______________there______________ricetoeat?There_______________________orangeand___________applesinthebasket.____________there____________booksormagazineshere?There___________anychewinggumormobilephoneswhenwe_________young.二、按要求改写句子1.Wasthereanyblackteawhenyouwereyoung?(否定回答)_____________________________________________________________________2.Thereisn’tanyjuiceormilktoday.（