Unit4+Exploring+Literature-Grammar+and+Usage+课件【高效课堂+备课精研】 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第二册

新牛津译林高中英语必修二Unit4ExploringLiterature

GrammarandUsageExploringtheRulesGrammarandusage:FreetalkHowdoyouchoosebooks?

Yougotothebookshop.Youdiscusswithclassmatesorfriends.Youturntoteachersforhelp.Youcomeacrossabookaccidentally.Parentsofferadvice.Educatorslistthenamesofbooks.Bookshopspromotesomebestsellers.TVoronlineprogramsaremeanttorecommendbooks.ReadawebsitearticleabouthowtochoosebooksonPage48.Grammarandusage:Readthearticleagainandfillinthechartbelow(P48)Theauthor’sviewpointGetideasfrom_______________.Develop____________________.differentsourcesyourowntaste◆

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________________________________________________Askyourfriends,parentsandteacherstorecommendwhatbooksyououghttoread.Readbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.Decideforyourselfwhatkindofbookstoread.Lookforbooksontopicsthatinterestyou.WorkingOuttheRulesHowdoyouexplainmodalverbs?情态动词情感态度

情态动词，即表示人的情感和态度的动词。ThefeaturesofModalverbs情态动词的特征没有人称和数的变化;其否定形式在后面直接加not情态动词后接动词原形WhatModalVerbsdoyouknow?ModalverbscouldmaymightshallshouldhavetomustwouldwillcanCan和Could1.表能力Hecaneatabucketofrice.Canthenewsbetrue?Ithinkitcan’tbetrue.2.表推测，“可能”，用于疑问句或否定句Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?Couldyoulendmeahand?3.表请求或许可（表请求时，could比can语气更委婉）May和Might1.表许可或征询对方许可MayIcomein?Whereishefrom?Hemay/mightfromChenzhou.2.表把握不大的推测，”或许””可能”，常用于肯定句，might比may可能性小(口语中常用might代may表委婉语气)Yes,youmay.No,youmustn’t.

will与would1)表示习惯性动作（habit），will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯。如：Marywilllistentomusicforhoursinherroom.IwouldtakeawalkaftersupperwhenIwasyoung.2)表示意愿（willingness）。如：Thebabywon’tgotosleep.3)表示请求（request），would比will更委婉些

Wouldyougivemesomeadvice?注意：usedto也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用于非正式场合，往往指后来停止了的动作。否定形式是didn’tuseto或usednotto。如：Iusedtohaveabicycle,butIsoldit.Johndidn’tusetocomehere.DidMikeusetoreadnewspapers?2).表较大可能实现的猜测，推断，意为“可能，应该”Thestreetshouldbecrowedatweekends.should

1).表责任或义务，应该，应当Youshouldcompleteyourtestintime.你应该按时完成你的测验。周末这条街应该很拥挤。万一明天我有空，我会来的像他这样的绅士对待女士竟然这么粗鲁3).表万一ShouldIbefreetomorrow,Iwillcome4).表意外，“竟然，居然”

Agentlemanlikehimshouldberudetoalady.

oughtto

Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.Yououghtn’ttosmokesomuch.

表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），语气比should稍重。你是他的父亲，你应该照顾他。你不应该抽太多烟shall1)在疑问句中，表示建议或征求意见。如：

ShallIhelpyouwiththebox?2)表示承诺或要求。如：Youshallhavethemagazine.HeshalldoasItellhim.3)用于正式文件、法律、规章制度等，表示规定。如：Studentsshallnotusecalculatorsduringexams.我帮你搬箱子好吗?你将得到这本杂志。他将按照我告诉他的去做。学生考试时不得使用计算器。

Weneedtofinishthejobbeforedark.Youneedn’thurryasthere’splentytimeleft.

Hedaredtotravelabroadwhenhewasyoung.Howdareyouletyourlittlechildgoout

alone?

我们必须在天黑前完成这项工作。你不必着急，还剩下很多时间。他年轻时敢于出国旅行。你怎么敢让你的小孩单独出去?dare(敢于，敢)与need（需要）dare和need作为情态动词，常用于疑问句和否定句中。同时也可用作实义动词。实义动词随主语变化，情态动词后接动词原形NeedIcomeheretomorrow？Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t.

/youdon’thaveto.Need的回答1.musthavedone

表示对过去行为的推测,意为“一定,想必做过”,语气十分肯定Itmusthaverainedlastnight,asthegroundiswet.

情态动词+have+done的用法昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。2.couldhavedone的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定,其中couldn’thavedone多用于语气强烈的否定,意为“过去不可能做过”couldhavedone在肯定句中是虚拟语气表示“本来能做但却没做”Don’tworry.Theycouldhavejustforgottentocall.IsawMr.Lijustnow.Hecouldn’thavegonetoBeijing.别担心。他们可能只是忘了打电话。我刚才看见李先生了。他不可能去了北京。3.may/mighthavedone表示对过去行为的推测,意为“可能做过”might所表示的可能性比较弱,此外mighthavedone还可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”,含有轻微的责备语气。Smithmighthavegonetoseethemovieyesterday.Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp,thoughyouwerebusywithyourwork.昨天史密斯也许已经去看过电影了你本来可以给他更多的帮助,尽管你工作很忙。4.should/oughttohavedone用于肯定句时,表示“本该做某事而实际上未做”shouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedone则表示“不该做某事反而做了”你本来应该进行充分准备的。

Youshouldn'thavebulledyourbrother你本不应该欺负你的弟弟Youshouldhavemadefullpreparations.5.needn’thavedone表示对过去的虚拟，意为“本来不必做某事而实际上却做了”我实际上不必买这么多食物——只有三个人来了。Iactuallyneedn’thaveboughtsomuchfood—onlythreepeoplecame.6.hadbetterhavedone

用于事后的建议,含轻微责备的口吻,意为“当时最好做了某事”。Ihadbetterhavestartedearlier.我要是早点起程就好了。7.wouldratherhavedonesth.表示“宁愿当时做某事”,其否定形式wouldrathernothavedonesth.表达相反的含义,两者都含有“后悔”之意。Iwouldratherhavetakenhisadvice.我宁愿当时接受了他的建议。8.wouldlike/lovetohavedonesth.表示“过去本打算做某事但未做成”。Iwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnight,butIhadtofinishmyreport.我昨天晚上本想去参加聚会来,但我不得不写完报告。ApplyingtherulesApplyingtherulesP49B1For

the

following

groups

of

three

sentences,tickthesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.

a

CanIkeepthebookformorethantwoweeks?

bNickcanreadmoreinanafternoonthanIcaninaweek!

cCanMaryfinishWarandPeaceinamonth?aIamafraidImaybeunabletofinishthisnoveltoday.

bItmaybedifficultforpeopletoagreeonwhatgoodliteratureis.

cYoumaygotothelibrarytomorrowafternoon,ifyouhavetime.√√requestabilityabilitypossibilitypossibilitysuggestionApplyingtherulesB1For

the

following

groups

of

three

sentences,tickthesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.

a

ImustfinishwritingthebookreviewandhanditinbeforeWednesday.

bYoumustbetiredafterthreehours’reading.cStudentsmustdevelopthehabitofreadingclassicliterature.aHenryshouldbereadingbooksinthelibrary.

bIhavefiftydollars—thatshouldbeenoughforthreebooks.

cReadingEnglishnovelshasgreatlyincreasedmyvocabulary—youshouldtryittoo.√√necessitypossibilitynecessitypossibilitypossibilitysuggestionB2Belowisanentryinastudent’sreadingjournal.Completetheentrywiththecorrectmodelverbsinbrackets.

WhenmyEnglishteachersuggestedthatIreadCharlesDickens’sAChristmasCarol,Ithought,“I(1)

(can’t/shouldn’t)readthis!It(2)

(hasto/must)beveryboring.”Surprisingly,itturnedouttheexactopposite.I(3)

(could/might)notstopturningthepages!Thebook’smaincharacterisScrooge,arichbutmeanoldman.Hehatesallkindsofcelebrations.OnChristmaseve,heistransportedtodifferentpointsinhislifebythreespirits.Intheend,hereflectsonthesemomentsandrealizeshismistakes.Thenhedecidesthathe(4)

(might/must)changehimself.can’tmustcouldmustOnChristmasmorning,hesendsalargeturkeytoapoormanforChristmasdinner.Healsotriestomakehisfamilyandfriendshappybyspendingtimewiththem.Thereissomethingthat(5)

(can/must)belearntfromAChristmasCarol:we(6)

(should/may)treatotherswithkindness,generosityandlove.Ithinkeveryone(7)

(would/oughtto)readthisbook.canshouldoughttoCFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets,usingthepropermodalverbs.P76

（选作）1.—What’stheweatherlikeinyourhometown?Isitcoldinwinter?—Yes,it

(be)ascoldas-30℃inwinter.2.—IwanttoinviteTomtoseeafilmtonight.Hashearrivedyet?—Yes,hejustarrived.Butafterfourhours’ride,he______________