2020届高考英语二轮复习专题4语法填空

血L专题4语法填空KAglMGTOUKI语法填空能全面考查学生在英语词汇、语法,以及句法方面的运用能力,能更科学地反映出学生的英语综合水平。语法填空的语言材料的体裁通常是记叙文或说明文。本题型的设题是在一篇200词左右的短文中留出10处空白,6~7处空白的后面给出提示词（所填内容不得超过3个单词）,3~4处空白不给任何提示词（仅填1个单词）,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容。考查内容主要包括动词的时态和语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、从句的引导词、特殊句式等。2017~2019年全国卷语法填空考点分布统计试卷形式2019年2019年2019年2018年2018年2018年2017年2017年2017年I卷Il卷III卷I卷Il卷III卷I卷Il卷III卷形容词转副词111/1//11名词转形容词/1111/11/词性动词转名词1/1/1//11转换名词转动词///1/////名词转名词/////1///给提示词形容词转名词/////////动词非谓语动词232223212时态与语态222121222形容词、比较级/最高级1//1/11//副词名词单复数///1//111代词/////1///冠词11//11111介词1/1111111不给代词///1///1/提示定语从句/1111/1/1词连接词名词性从句1////1///状语从句//1//////并列连词/1///////Passage1[2019•全国l]ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61.theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62.(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods63.trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64.(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65.(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66.(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67.(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare68.(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69.nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70:(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.语篇解读›本文主要介绍了北极熊的相关情况,包括北极熊的栖息地范围等内容,其中着重介绍了对北极熊数量的研究。答案与解析＞.that此处缺少引导同位语从句的连接词that,说明evidence的具体内容。.poorly此处应用副词作状语,修饰谓语动词hasbeenstudiedo63.of/for表示" 的方法”时,method后用介词of/for。.toperform该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构。.havereported由inrecentyears可知,此处表示的是从过去某时一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时。.belief根据空格前的冠词a及后面的同位语从句可知,此处应填名词beliefo.noting介词后应用动名词形式。.higher根据than可知,此处应用high的比较级,故填higher。.the此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群,故用定冠词theo.are根据空前的are及空后的is和lack可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填are。Passage2[2019•全国ll]A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for61.(be)Britain□soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,62isheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave63.(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire□sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene64.(declare)shehadnoplans65.(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idon□tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66.(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67.becauseIwantto.”GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon□thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall68.(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas69.joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It□s70.(wonder).”语篇解读›本文讲述了被提名为英国柴郡“年度风云女性”的IreneAstbury年事已高,却依旧坚持工作的故事。答案与解析＞.being介词后应用动名词形式作宾语,故填being。.which分析句子结构可知,此空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是thePetshop,指物,在从句中作OPened的宾语,故填which。.finally此处用副词修饰动词。.declaredIrene领奖发言是过去发生的事,另根据此空后面的shehad和下文的Irenesaid可知,此处用一般过去时,故填declared。.toretireplan后接不定式作后置定语。.havemadeovertheyears常与完成时连用,在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知,定语从句应用现在完成时,故填havemade。.but此处是“not...but...”句型,意为“不是……而是……”。68.sayingSay与其逻辑主语call之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词saying作后置定语。69.a此处表示泛指,又因为joke是单数可数名词,故其前应用不定冠词a。70.wonderful本句是主系表结构,故用wonder的形容词形式wonderful作表语。Passage3[2019•全国III]Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining61.hardthatWecouldn□thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake62.(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack63.dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64.hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand65.(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting66._(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany67.(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere68.(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we69.(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,70.(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.语篇解读›作者在文中回忆了自己去夏威夷珍珠城的旅游经历。作者为期一周的旅行充实而难忘。答案与解析＞61.so此处是“so...that”固定结构,意为“如此……以至于"。62.toget此处是句型/takes+时间+todosth",it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,故填togeto63.of此处是固定搭配apackof…,意为“一群……”。.who/that此处是定语从句,先行词是masters,在从句中作主语,故用who/that。.recommended此处与前面的shared是并列谓语,应用一般过去时,故填petition根据空前的an和空后的towatch可知,此处应用名词competition。.traditional此处应用形容词作stories的定语。.hugely此处应用副词修饰形容词popular。.wereinvitedinvite和主语we之间是动宾关系,且全文是在叙述过去的情况,因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。70.listeningWe与listen之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语OIS学霸攻略.从整体上把握时态,明确动词用什么形式。比如在“We(buy)alotofcardsforourfriendsyesterday.”这道题中,由yesterday可知,此处应用动词的一般过去时形式。.如果空格前是介词,括号里是动词,则可以判断用动词的-ing形式。比如在“Ilookforwardto（receive）yourreply.”这道题中,to是介词,所以要用receivingo.固定短语中的冠词要牢记。比如在allofasudden,inahurry等固定短语中,冠词a必不可少。.如果括号里给的是形容词,那么首先判断空白处是否用副词;如果句中有由2口,则考虑空白处用比较级;如果空白处前面有由6,则考虑用最高级。.如果空格前有逗号,括号里是动词,那么一般来说空白处考虑用非谓语动词。.注意连词的使用,如but、so、and、or等。以上只是在语法填空中常用的基本解题技巧,这些做题技巧可以使我们在做题时,加快答题的速度,提高做题的准确率。但是,要做好语法填空,除了做题方法,我们还必须掌握扎实的基础知识,具备灵活运用语言的能力,这才是提高我们解题能力的根本。微专题01有提示词题目的解题技巧考能

探究KAOHENG［即IU•♦••此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种:词的形、数的变化和词的派生变化。考查角度1A提示词为动词动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语（时态、语态、语气）的变化,有非谓语（不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去考点1考查谓语动词若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者句中已有谓语动词,所填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是作谓语。此时,做题要考虑时态和语态,还要注意主谓一致和虚拟语气。IB典型例题.[2019•全国l,65]InrecentyearssomeInUitpeopleinNUnaVUt(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.答案与解析＞havereported由inrecentyears可知,此处语境表示的是动作从过去某时一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时。.[2019•全国11,64]PiCkingUPher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbUsiness.答案与解析＞declaredIrene领奖发言是过去发生的事,再根据空白处后面的had可知,此处用一般过去时。IE变式训练.[2018•全国II]DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry(grow)morecornthanrice..[2018•全国II]TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment(start)asoil-testingprogramwhichgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons..[2018•全国l]Whilerunningregularlycan□tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming..[2017•全国III]Sarah(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain□snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time..[2017•全国I]Whenfatandsalt(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething..[2017•全国III]Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school(come)first.Idon□twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.”.[2017•天津]Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise..[2017•天津]I(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.答案与解析＞.hasgrown由Since2011可知,此处表示动作从2011年开始,动作一直持续到现在,故用现在完成时;且主语thecountry是单数名词,故用hasgrowno2.started根据前面的between2005及破折号后的When可知,此句讲述的是2005年发生的事情,应用Start的一般过去式O.is此处叙述的是一个事实,故用一般现在时;主语为it,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。.wastold/hasbeentold根据语境可知,tell与Sarah是逻辑上的动宾关系,且指已经发生的事情,应用一般过去时或现在完成时的被动形式,又因主语Sarah是第三人称单数,故填wastold或hasbeentold。.areremoved从句的主语与谓语remove之间是动宾关系,且根据主句的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。.comes根据上下文可知,空格处应该用一般现在时,主语school是第三人称单数,故应填comes。.isregarded根据语境并分析句子结构可知,句中主语是CyCIing,与regard之间是动宾关系,意为“骑自行车被视为最全面的锻炼方式之一”,故填isregarded。8.wasdrivingbedoingSthwhen...意为“正在做某事时突然 ”,再由when引导的从句时态可知,此空填wasdriving。考点2考查非谓语动词若句中已有谓语动词,设空处又不是并列谓语时,空白处通常填非谓语动词。非谓语动词有现在分词、过去分词、动名词,还有不定式。一般来说,现在分词表示主动、正在进行的动作;过去分词表示被动、完成的动作;不定式表示尚未发生的动作。.[2019•全国1,64]Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.答案与解析＞toperform该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构。.[2019•全国lll,70]Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,WewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.答案与解析＞listeningwe与listen之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。I量变式训练.[2018•全国l]Youdon□thavetorunfastorforlong(see)thebenefit..[2018•全国ll]China□sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,"saysthebank□sJuergenVoegele..[2018•全国l]Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof(die)earlybyrunning..[2018•全国III]quicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn□tfeel(challenge)..[2017•全国I]EVenworse,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet..[2017•全国III]BUtSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.答案与解析＞.tosee此处用不定式作目的状语。.feeding“when/while+现在分词短语”作时间状语,相当于when/while引导的时间状语从句。.dying介词后应用die的动名词形式dyingo4.looking;challengedavoiddoingsth意为“避免做某事”;主语he和challenge之间为动宾关系,故用challenged。.eating介词by后用动名词作宾语。.toprovewanttodoSth"想要做某事”。考点3考查动词的词类转换有时所给提示词虽然是动词,但是空白处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词,而是考查词类转换。IB典型例题.[2019•全国l,66]InrecentyearssomeInUitpeopleinNUnaVUthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.答案与解析＞belief根据空白处前面的冠词a及后面的同位语从句可知,此处应填名词beliefo2.[2019•浙江,64]OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.答案与解析＞connection/connections此空作show的宾语,且有no修饰,应填名词;COnneCtiOn是可数名词,且此空可用复数也可用单数形式,故填connection/connections。∣≡变式训练.[2018•浙江]Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup..Whilethereare(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.答案与解析＞.affordable此处表示一周一次或两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语,故填affordable“负担得起的”。.amazing此处修饰StOrieS,要用形容词,表示“令人惊讶的”,故用amazing。考查角度2A提示词为名词或代词名词的形式变化主要有单复数变化、所有格的变化、词类转换和派生形式。代词的形式变化主要有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的变化。考点1考查名词数与格、词类转换空白处所给提示词是名词时,一般考查单复数的变化,偶尔考查所有格的变化或名词的派生形式,此外也经常考查词类转换。当考查词类转换时,主要是名词变为形容词或动词。.[2018•全国lll,66]I□ma(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.答案与解析Ascientist此处表示一位科学家,因此填SCientist。.As(nature)architects,thePUebIoIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.答案与解析＞natural根据设空处后的名词architects可知,此处应该用形容词作定语,修饰名词,因此填natural。I量变式训练.[2017•全国I]ThiStrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalCommUnity(医学界)asamethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight..[2016•全国II]ReCent(study)showthatWearefarmoreproductiveatworkifWetakeshortbreaksregularly.答案与解析＞.effects根据Some和下文中的两个例子OVerWeight和heartdisease可知,此处用复数形式,故填effects。2.studies根据句中的谓语动词ShoW可知,主语应该是复数名词,故填StUdies。考点2考查人称代词、物主代词、反身代词空白处所给提示词是人称代词时,考虑主格与宾格之间的变化,或者是变为物主代词或反身代词。当提示词是物主代词时,考虑形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词之间的变化,或者是变为反身代词。很少考查反身代词变为人称代词或物主代词。IS典型例题[2018•全国111,68]WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind(they)alive.答案与解析＞them此处是“find+宾语+宾补”结构,故要用they的宾格them作find的宾语。■变式训球.[2016•全国I]Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby(it)mother..[2019∙河北衡水模拟]WhenIgottotheexitagain,Ifound(I)drivingtotheplacewehaddrivenin.答案与解析＞ts根据设空处后的名词及前文中的alivelythree-month-oldtwin可知,此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰mother。.myself设空处与前面的I相对应,指“我发现自己”,故用反身代词myselfο考查角度A提示词为形容词或副词英语中大部分形容词和表示方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式:通过加后缀-er和-est,或在词前加more/less和most/least（形容词的最高级前通常要加the）。考点1考查形容词或副词的比较级所给提示词是形容词或副词时,可考虑是否变为比较级或最高级。位典型例题[2019•全国1,68]SCientiStShaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare(high)thantheyactuallyare.答案与解析＞higher根据语境和空白处后面的than可知,此处应用high的比较级。应变式训练.[2018•全国I]Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears(long)thannon-runners..[2016•全国II]Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof(great)andlessimportance.答案与解析＞1.longer根据设空处后面的than可知,此处用long的比较级。2.greater设空处与less是并列关系,所以也应用比较级的形式,故答案为greatero考点2考查词类转换所给提示词是形容词时,还需要考虑形容词转化为副词或名词。典型例噩.[2019•全国ll,63]Heryearsofhardworkhave(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire□sWomanOfTheYear.答案与解析finally此处应用副词作状语,修饰谓语动词。.[2019•浙江,60]Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan_(easy)seethem.答案与解析＞easily分析句子可知,设空处所填词修饰动词see,故用副词easily。昼变式训练.[2018•全国II]Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle..[2017•全国II]Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.3.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.答案与解析＞.actually根据语境可知,此处应用副词作状语,修饰介词短语behindthechangeo.fairly此处应用副词修饰形容词UnPIeaSant,故填fairly,意为“相当沸常”。.ability空格前的their是形容词性物主代词,其后应该接名词,故答案为ability。对点

集训 .AW® Ej9厕!B 对点集训(二十八)(时间:40分钟)I.单句填空(词类转换).[2019•全国III]TheyalsosharedwithUSmany(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwerehugelyPoPUlarwithtoUriStS..[2019•全国I]Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen(Poor)studied..[2019•全国ll]Wearesoproudofher.It□s(wonder)..[2019•全国III]Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit..[2019•浙江]Schooluniformsare(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem..[2018∙江苏]DeSPitethepoor(serve)ofthehotel,themanagerisreluctanttoinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff..[2017•全国I]HaVingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetoSnaCk(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be(care)nottogotoextremes..[2017•全国II]ThiSdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts..[2017•全国III]Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher(educate)..[2017•全国III]Itis(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal..[2017∙浙江]LaStOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora1Sweden1LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway..[2016•全国I]Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew(day)withhissister[2020•成都七中月考]丁η6(major)ofthepeopletookpartintherunningracewithoutdisappointment,thoughitwaslikelythattheycouldn□tgetareward..[2020•吉林实验中学月考]比was(consider)ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried..[2020•河北唐山一中月考]丁η6丫gavemoneytotheoldpeople□shomeeither(personal)orthroughtheircompanies..Joyand(relieve)havegreetedtherescueof12boysandtheirfootballcoachfromfloodedcavesinnorthernThailandafterdiverscompletedadaringoperationtobringthemout.I(usual)playitasbackgroundmusicwhileI□mdoingsomehousework..Theexamwas(particular)importantbecauseheknewhisfuturecareermightbeatstake..However,beforeIgotonthebike,Ifelt(extreme)nervousandIwasafraidthatIwouldfalloff...答案与解析＞.traditional此处应用形容词作StorieS的定语,traditional“传统的”。.poorly此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词hasbeenStUdied,故填poorly。.wonderful本句是主系表结构,故用wonder的形容词形式作表语。.competition根据空白处前面的冠词an和后面的towatch可知,此处应填名词的单数形式,故填competition。.traditional此处用形容词作表语,故填traditionalo.servicepoor为形容词,修饰名词,所以此处用serve的名词形式ServiCeO7.carefulbe为系动词,故此处应填形容词作表语Ontroduction由设空处前的the和设空处后的of可知,此处填名词cation形容词性物主代词her后应接名词。.certainly此处要用副词修饰形容词fun,故填certainly。.carrots由设空处前面的修饰语ahandfulof和下文中的them可知,此处应用名词的复数形式O.daysfew修饰可数名词复数。everyfewdays“每隔几天”。.majority空白处前有定冠词the,应用major的名词形式majority。themajorityof“ 的大多数”。.considerate句意:MiChael真是体贴,他通知我们他会迟点来,以防我们着急。此处是形容词作表语。.personally分析句子结构可知空白处需要填副词并与throughtheircompanies构成并列状语。.relief分析上下文可知,此处是名词作主语,故填reliefO.usually根据语境可知,此处用副词USUally,作状语。.particularly设空处修饰形容词important,故用副词。.extremely设空处修饰形容词nervous,故用副词。Il.语法填空(滚动考点)Passage1[2020•吉林百校联考的川口2paysgreatattentiontogoodmanners,anditsfoodcultureisdeeplyrootedinthehistory.AsavisitororguestineitheraChinesehome1jarestaurant,youwillfindthattablemannersareessentialinthedailylife!Itisreally2.(admire)customstorespectothers,suchastheaged,teachersandguests,andtotakegoodcareofchildren.Meanwhile,3.practiceofpresentingthebestorfinefoodfirsttotheseniormembersofthefamilyhasbeenobservedforcountless4.(generation).Inancienttimesthecommonpeople5.(lead)aneedylife,buttheystilltriedtheirbesttosupporttheeldermotherorfather,6.(take)itforgranted.AlthoughthehostsinChinaareallfriendlyandhospitable,youshouldalsoshowthemrespect.Before7.(start)toeatdinner,thehostmayoffersomewordsofgreeting.Guestsshouldnotstarttoeatuntilthehostsays,“Everybody,pleaseenjoy8.(you)”orsomethinglikethat,otherwiseitsuggestsdisrespectandcausesdispleasure.Whenhostsplacedishesonthetable,theywillarrangethemaincoursesatthecenterwiththesupportingdishesevenlyplacedaroundthem.Whenthemaindishes9.(prepare)inadecorativeformeitherbycutorothermeans,theywillbeplacedinfrontofmajorguestsandelderpeopleatthetable,10.alsorepresentsvirtue.语篇解读›本文介绍了中国的一些餐桌礼仪。答案与解析＞1.or此处是短语either…or…"或 或 ”。.admirable此处修饰名词CUStOm,表示“值得称赞的风俗”,故填admirableo.thethepracticeof“……的习俗”。.generations由countless可知,此处用名词的复数形式。ed由时间状语Inancienttimes可知,此处应该用一般过去时。.taking此处是现在分词短语作状语O.startingbefore是介词,故用v-ing形式作其宾语O.yourselfenjoyoneself“尽情享受”。.areprepared分析句子结构可知,此处用被动语态,主语是复数名词,且全文均用一般现在时,故填arepreparedO.which此处WhiCh引导非限制性定语从句,代指前面提到的整件事。Passage2[2020・银川一中月考]丁亚。newsatellitesofBeiDouNaVigation(导航)SatelliteSystem(BDS)1.(send)intospaceonaLongMarch-3DcarrierrocketfromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenterinSichuanProvince,Chinaat2:07amonNovember19,2018.Thesatellites2.(safe)enteredaMediumEarthorbitmorethanthreehourslaterandwillworkwith17otherBDS-3satellitesalreadyinspace.Theyarealsothe42ndand43rd3.(member)oftheBDSsatellitefamily.Chinalaunchedthesesatelliteswith4.aimofprovidingnavigationservicesforcountriesandregionswhichparticipateintheBeltandRoadProposalbytheendof2018.“ThisisakeystepforBDSdeveloping5.aChineseexperimentalsystemtoaregionalandthena6.(globe)navigationsystem,”saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeiDousystem.“Thepositioning7.(accurate)oftheBDS-3systemhasbeenimprovedto2.5-5meters,”saidYang.8.(name)aftertheChinesetermforthePlough,theBeiDousystemhasbeenservingChinafor18years,in9.anothersixBDS-3satelliteswillbeputintotheMediumEarthorbitfrom2019to2020.Thesystemisexpected10.(provide)first-classservicesaroundtheglobebytheendof2020.语篇解读›本文介绍了北斗卫星导航系统的信息。两颗新型卫星的成功发射,让北斗卫星导航系统更加完善。答案与解析＞1.weresent分析句子可知,本句缺谓语动词,send与主语twonewsatellites之间为动宾关系,且此处是陈述过去发生的事情,故用weresent。2.safely修饰动词用副词,故填SafeIy。.members根据空白处前的Theyare可知,此处应用名词复数members。.the此处是固定短语Withtheaimof"目的是”。.from分析句子可知,此处为“from...to”结构。.global修饰名词system用形容词,故用global。.accuracy分析句子可知,本句缺主语,故用名词accuracy。.Named分析句子可知,空白处为状语,与其逻辑主语theBeiDousystem属于动宾关系,故用named。.which分析句子可知,inanothersixBDS-3satelliteswillbeputintotheMediumEarthorbitfrom2019to2020为定语从句,修饰先行词theBeiDouSyStem,从句缺乏状语,故用inwhich引导。.toprovideexpecttodosth为固定短语,意为“预计做某事”。Passage3Sofar,enVirOnment-friendlyideas1.(create)tosupplypeoplewithhelpfultipsonhowtheycanhelptheenvironment2.alsosavemoney.Ihonestlybelievethateveryonewantstohelptheenvironment,eveniftheydoordonotbelieveinglobalwarming.Withpowerbills,waterbillsandallotherexpenses3.(continue)torise,it□sveryhardfortheaverageworker.Nomatterwhat4.(finance)positionyouarein,thereisalwayssomethingeveryonecando5.(help)saveourenvironment.Wearenottheonlyonesthatliveonthis6.(amaze)planet.Wealsoshare7.withawiderangeofstrangeandwonderfulanimals.Itwouldbeagreattragedyifthey8.(be)notaroundforourfuturegenerationstoenjoy.Everylittlebithelps,sopleasedo9.youcantoprotectourenvironmentandtheenvironmentofthesesurprisinganimals.Ihopetheseenvironment-friendlyideascanhelpeveryonetodo10.(they)bitfortheenvironmentandtomakethisworldabetterplace.语篇解读›我们应该保护环境,为环保贡献自己的一份力量。答案与解析＞.havebeencreated根据语境和时间状语sofar可知,ideas应是被创造出来的,所以此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。.and这里应填并列连词and,连接两个动词短语。.continuing此处考查with的复合结构。由于continuetorise这个动作与宾语powerbills,waterbillsandallotherexpenses是主动关系,所以应填现在分词continuingo.financial修饰名词应使用形容词。.tohelp此处为不定式作目的状语。.amazingamazing表示“令人惊奇的”。t根据上下文可判断此处应填代词it,指代上文出现的planeto.were由上半句Itwouldbeagreattragedy可判断该句是对将来的虚拟,所以从句谓语应使用were。.what∕whatever此空引导宾语从句,并在从句中作宾语,故填what/whatever。.their名词bit前没有限定词,所以此处应填形容词性物主代词their。对点集训(二十九)(时间:40分钟)I.单句填空(动词时态和语态).[2019•全国III]Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,We(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals..[2019•全国ll]IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI(make)overtheyears..[2019•全国III]OUrhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit..[2019•全国I]Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata..[2019•浙江]Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody(have)toworryaboutfashion(时尚)..[2018•北京]China□shigh-speedrailways(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears..[2018•北京]Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays..[2018•天津]Mywashingmachine(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand..[2018•浙江]Istillremembervisitingafriendwho□dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI(shock)whenIlearntshehadn□tcookedonceinallthattime..[2017•全国ll]Later,engineers(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧≡),whichbecameknownastheTube..[2016•全国II]LeaVingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow(be)oftenacceptable..[2016•全国ll]Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports-butwhateveritis,(make)sureit□sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout..[2016•全国lll]Trulyelegantchopsticksmight(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters..[2020・四川雅安模拟]Pleasedon□tgivemeacallbetween9:00amand11:00amtomorrow.Iwill(have)ameetingthen..[2020•昆明一中月考]庆壮值戊6~bytheuniquewayofcommunicating,manyforeigners(join)insendingandgrabbingredpacketssofar..[2020∙重庆八中模拟]DuringhisstayinChongqing,Jerrytriedalmostallthelocalfoodshisfriends_(recommend).17.Itwasthefourthtimeshe(shop)onlineforhours.Ihadalreadyremindedhertothinktwicebeforebuyinganything,butmywifeignoredwhatIhadsaid..[2020•天津七校联考][wasillthatday,otherwiseI(take)partinthesportsmeet..Formorethan50years,travelers(use)theinternationaldriver□slicensetotravelinforeigncountries..ForsomereasonI(stay)withmyrelativesCUrrently,andintheirlivingroomsitsapianowhichismyfavouritemusicalinstrument..Thefirstpracticalcoolingsystemforuseinindustry(invent)byWillisCarrierinNewYork,theUSA..ThereasonforthisisthatBritain□ssupermarkets(experience)hugechangesinthepastdecades.答案与解析＞.wereinvitedinvite和主语We之间是动宾关系,故用其被动语态;根据句中的时间状语可知,此处应用一般过去时。.havemadeovertheyears常与完成时连用,在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知,此处应用现在完成时。.recommended此处与空前的谓语动词shared是并列谓语,因此此处用recommend的过去式recommended。.are根据句中的are、is和lack可知,本句是一般现在时,又根据SiX可知,此处填are。.has∕willhave本句含When引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,因此,主句可以使用将来时willdo;根据语境可知,本文叙述的是客观事实,因此,本句亦可用一般现在时,主语是nobody,谓语用has。.havegrown根据时间状语inthepastfewyears可知,此处要用现在完成时。.hadbeentrappedtrap的动作发生在risk之前,所以trap要用过去完成时;再结合语境可知,twotourists与trap是动宾关系,故用过去完成时的被动语态。.isbeingrepaired根据语境可知,此处指“我的洗衣机这一周正在被修”,故用现在进行时的被动语态。.wasshocked根据语境可知,I与shock之间是动宾关系,再结合Iearnt的时态可知,此处用一般过去时的被动语态。.managed由语境可知,engineers与manage之间是主谓关系,而且是发生在过去的事情,所以填managed。11.is动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。.make根据句子的结构可判断出,此处用动词原形,构成祈使句。.bemade由语境可知,chopsticks与make之间是动宾关系,又因空前有情态动词might,故填bemadeobemadeof“由……制成”。.behaving根据语境和时间状语between9:00amand11:00amtomorrow可知,此处表达“明天某个时间段正在做某事”,即将来进行时。.havejoined设空处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语sofar可知,应该用现在完成时,且主语是复数形式,所以答案为havejoinedo.hadrecommended由tried可知,定语从句要用相应的过去时态,“他的朋友推荐”这个动作发生在tried动作之前,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。.hadshopped在“Itwas+the+序数词+time+从句”句型中,从句要用过去完成时。.wouldhavetaken根据语境可推知,设空处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故答案为wouldhavetaken。.haveused/havebeenusing根据时间状语formorethan50years可知，此处应该用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。.amstaying根据时间状语currently可知,设空处用现在进行时。.wasinvented分析句子结构可知,设空处是句子的谓语动词,invent与主语之间是动宾关系,且此处描述过去的事实,故用一般过去时的被动语态。.haveexperienced根据时间状语inthepastdecades可知,此处应该用现在完成时。Il.语法填空（滚动考点）Passage1（题源:英国《每日快报》）AlotofgreengardenssurroundWindsorCastleintheEnglishcountryside.ItlooksoutontotheriverThamesandsitsnext1.ahuntingground.ItwasbuiltjustoutsideofLondon2.(protect)thecapitalfromenemiesonthewestside.WindsorCastleistheoldestandlargest3.(occupy)castleintheworld.Itwasbuiltin1070,whichhasalong,richandtroubledhistory.4.thecastlewallscouldtalk,they□dhavemanystoriestotell.Kingswerebornand5.(die)here.It□sbeenusedasthehomesofkingsandqueensforcenturies.However,itwasalsousedasaprisonduringtheEnglishCivilWar(1642-1651).DuringWorldWarII,theroyalfamily6.(secret)sleptatWindsorCastlebecauseitwassaferthanLondon□surbanarea.Toda