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UNIT1Natureinthebalance

>>>_________________基础知识梳理___________________

JICHUZHISHISHULI构建知识体系

课标单词背诵

(先填后背)

第一组

1.soiln.土壤;国土,领土,土地

2.overseasa"/’.海外的,国外的ado.在海外,向国外

3.regionn.地区,区域;行政区

4.continentn.大陆,陆地,洲

5.million"以〃.一百万:许多,大量

6.length”.长,长度;时间的长短;篇幅,(电影)片长

7.biodiversityn.生物多样性

8.speciesn.(p/.species)种,物种

9.nutn.坚果

10.wildlifen.野生动植物,野生生物

11.beneathprep.在...下面,在下方;配不上

12.toweringa力.高大的,高耸的;出色的

13.hardwoodn.阔叶树;硬材(阔叶树的木材)

14.lixinga4•.活着的,活的;在使用的n.生计,谋生;生活方式

15.frogn.蛙,青蛙

16.insectn.昆虫

17.microorganism微生物

18.nutrient".营养素,营养物

19.carbonn.碳

20.oxygenn.氧,氧气

21.thusado.因止匕,从而;这样

22.agriculturen.农业,农学

23.cattlen.牛

24.impactn.影响,作用;撞击,冲撞沅.&m,有影响;冲击

25.extinctionn.灭绝,绝种

26.climaten.气候;倾向,风气

27.global时••全球的;全面的

28.greenhousen.温室,暖房

29.gasn.气体;煤气;汽油

30.droughtn.旱灾,久旱

第二组

31.brochuren.小册子

32.absolutely。曲.绝对地,完全地;极其

33.bekn,地带,地区;腰带;传送带

34.medaln.奖章,勋章

35.imagen.形象;图像;意象

36.sharkn.鲨鱼

37.whalen.鲸

38.deern.(p/.deer)鹿

39.她也”.&式跟踪,追踪n.足迹,踪迹;小道;轨道;跑道;路线

40.habitat。生活环境,栖息地

41.nowhere。血无处,哪里都不

42.dolphinn.海豚

43.residentn.居民,住户

44.chjefn.首领,最高领导人。”主要的;首席的

45.committeen.委员会

46.smogn.雾霾,烟雾

47.profits.利润,收益;好处况获益,得到好处

48.defence(AmEdefense)〃.辩护:防御,保护;防御物;国防;防守

49.various。矽•.各种不同的,各种各样的

50.economic。力.经济的,经济上的;可赚钱的

51.policyn.政策,方针;原则

52.branchn.(政府或机构)部门;分部;树枝;支流;分支

53.strategy/?.策略,行动计划;策划,部署

54.recycle”回收利用,再利用

55.subwayn.地铁;地下人行道

56.3IQ里。力•.昔日的,前任的;以前的,从前的

57.officialn.官员,要员//公务的;正式的,官方的

58.povertyn.贫穷,贫困;贫乏

59.poison”.污染;毒死,毒害n.毒物,毒药

60.chemicaln.化学制品。的.化学的;化学作用的

61.further更多的,更进一步的ado.较远,更远;进一步”.促进,增

[单词拼写.运用]

核心单词语境运用

用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Therewasafireinourstreet,butno

1.harmn.&".伤害,损害

onewasharmed(harm).

2.survive式.生存,存活幸存,幸免

2.Aftersurviving(survive)thatnight,she

于难

wasconfidentthateverythingelsewould

vt.&n.损害,伤害,损坏,

3.damagebeallright.

破坏3.Theyhaverepairedthebuildings

4.protest式反对,抗议”.反对;坚持damaged(damage)inthefire.

声称,申辩儿抗议,反对4.Outsidethehallweresomeworkers

5.massn.大量;团,块,堆;一大群protesting(protest)againsttheirpoor

。力大批的,广泛的conditions.

6.processn.过程,进程;步骤,流程5.ThepolarbearisfoundintheArctic

”.加工,处理Circleandsomebiglandmasses(mass)as

farsouthasNewfoundland.

6.Hesaidthattheberrieswere

processed(process)intojuiceorsaucein

thisfactory.

派生单词语境运用

用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Therearevariousgoodsinthe

supermarket,andthepricesvaryfrom

1.varyv.变化fvarietyn,不同种类;centstodollars.Thevarietyattractsmany

变化,多样性;变种,变体-variousadj.customers.(vary)

各种不同的,各种各样的2.Whenhesuddenlyappearedinthe

2.appear出现fdisappear况.不复存classroom,thestudentswere

在,灭绝,消亡;消失;失踪fappearanceconcentratingonlisteningtotheir

n.外观;外貌;出现fdisappearancen.消teacher.Hissuddenappearancesurprised

失them.(appear)

3.Theapplicantswhowanttoapplyfor

3.applyv.申请;应用一applicationn.应

thepositionshouldhandintheir

用,运用;申请fapplicant〃.申请人

aDplications.(apply)

4.organize3,组织forganizationn,组

4.Hejoinedtheorganizationwhichwas

织,团体;组织工作;安排;条理

organizedbyhisschoolassoonasitwas

forganizern.组织者

setup.(organize)

5.entireadj.完全的fentirelyado,完全

5.Theentirevillagewasdestroyed.lt

地,全部地,完整地

nowlooksentirelydifferentfromthe

6.consequent〃力.随之而来的previousone.(entire)

fconsequentlyadv.结果;因此6.Oneoftheworstconsequencesof

-^consequencen.结果,后果;重要性smokingforalongtimeisthatyoumay

sufferfromlungcancer.Consequently,

youandyourfamilywillsuffera

lot.(consequent)

高考热点•熟词生义选曲黑体字在句中的正确汉语.思

1.(2021•全国乙卷)OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethat

it'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaythey

neveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.C

A.较远,更远

B.更进一步的

C.另外的

2.(2018•天津卷)Future3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.

C

A.过程,进程B.步骤C.加工,处理

3.(2018・d匕京卷)14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass一apparently

brokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms1stomachs.A

A.质量B.一大群C.团,块,堆

[短语理解・运用]

高频短语

1.inturn相应地,转而

2.breakdown使分解(为),使变化(成)

3.breathelifeinto给...带来起色,注入活力

4.dueto由于,因为

5.buildup逐渐增加,扩大

6.indangerof处于...的危险中

7.comeupwith想出,想到

8.callfor(公开)要求;需要

9.springtomind突然记起(或想到)

10.getridof摆脱,丢弃,扔掉

11.giveriseto使发生(或存在)

12.leaveout漏掉

语境运用

选用左边短语的适当形式填空

1.Itissaidthatthenewspaperarticlescallforseverepunishmentforthiscrime.

2.Increasedproductionwill,inturn,leadtoincreasedprofits.

3.Aftermanyyears,rocksbreakdownintodirt.

4.Theprojecthadtobeabandonedduetoalackofgovernmentfunding.

5.Shehasalwaysbeenencouragedtoswimtobuild叩thestrengthofhermuscles.

6.Asisknowntoall,thepandaisindangerofbecomingextinct.

[句式辨识・运用]

教材原句背诵句式结构仿写

1.过去分词短语作后置定语Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.Can

Ofthe390,000plantspeciesknowntothoseseatedatthebackhearme?

us,morethan40,000canbefoundinthe我有重要的事情要说。坐在后面的那些

Amazon.人能听见我说话吗?

2.“表语+系动词+主语”倒装句式Amongtheguestsisthepersonyouare

Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronlookingfbr.

thedarkforestfloor.你找的那个人就在客人当中。

3.“so+助动词+主语”结构Iadoredthismovieandsodidallmy

Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestofriends,

grow,sodoestheeffectwehaveon我喜欢这部电影,我所有的朋友们也喜

animals.欢。

>>>重唯考点探究

ZHONGNANKAODIANTANJIU突破思维瓶颈

X.harm[课本义]〃.&”伤害,损害

[增补义皿使……受到损害.危害

(高考原句・2020,浙江1月卷)Manypeoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltused

everywinterisharmingtheenvironment.

(l)causeharmto…对...造成伤害/有害

harmsb.(=doharmtosb.=dosb.harm)伤害某人

Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事没有害处

meannoharmto…对...没有恶意

(2)harmful”4•・有害的

beharmfulto...对...有害

(3)harmless无害的

Whatshouldbedonetopunishpeoplewhodoharmtotheanimals?

应该做些什么来惩罚那些伤害动物的人呢?

’语块存储

meannoharmtoher对她并无恶意

domoreharmthangood成事不足,败事有余

doalotofharmtothecrops给庄稼带来许多危害

theharmdonetotheenvironment对环境造成的损害

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

①Thereisnoharminwriting,write)downyournameontheform.

②Ifweknowthatgossip(闲话)canbeharmful(harm),thenwhydosomanyof

usdoit?

(3)1meantnoharmforyou一onlytokeepyoufromfailing.fbr-^to

【链接写作】——一句多译

如果使用不当,这种药物会对你造成伤害。

①Ifusedimproperly,themedicinewilldo/causeharmtoyou/doyou

harm,(harmn.)

②Ifusedimproperly,themedicinewillharmyou,(harmvt,)

(3)Ifusedimproperly,themedicinewillbeharmfult。you,(harmful)

2.variety「课本义]〃.不同种类;变化,多样性;变种,变体

[增补义]几品种;综艺节目

(l)avarietyof=varietiesof种种,各种不同的;多方面的

thevarietyof的品种

(2)various4的.各种各样的;多方面的

(3)vary应.改变;变更;变化;不同

varywith…随着...而变化

varyin在...方面不同/有差异

varyfrom…to…由...到...情况不等

Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.

和我们一起品尝当地多种多样的新鲜的食物和饮料。

’•语块存储..

varywiththetime随着时间而变化

varyinprice在价格方面不同/有差异

varyfromplacetoplace各个地方变化不同

foravarietyof/varietiesof/variousreasons由于各种原因

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

①IfyoucometovisitChina,youwillexperienceacultureofamazingdepthand

variety(vary).

②Thevarietyoffoodattherestaurantis(be)limited,buttheamountofeach

dishisfairlylarge.

③Aswecansee,thepricesofvegetablesvaryalongtheseason.along->with

【链接写作】一词汇升级

(普通表达)Heisalwaysmakingupallkindsofjokestomakeeveryonelaugh.

(高级表达)Heisalwaysmakingupavarietyof/varietiesofjokestomake

everyonelaugh.

【名师点津】avarietyof…之后谓语动词用复数形式;thevarietyof…之后

谓语动词用单数形式。

3.survive[课本义仞i.生存,存活“幸存,幸免于难

[增补义血&式挺过(难关);比……活得长

(高考原句・2021•全国甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywall

thathassurvivedChina*slonghistory.

(l)survivesth.幸免于,在...中幸存下来

surviveon靠...生存下来

survivefrom从...留存下来;流传下来

AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长(几年)

(2)survivaln.生存;残存物

Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceto

survive/ofsurvival.

如果他找不到走出森林的路,他生存的可能性很小。

’语块存储.

survivetwoworldwars经历了两次世界大战而幸存下来

surviveonrootsandberries靠吃树根和浆果维持生命

poorpeoplestrugglingtosurvive为生存而挣扎着的穷人

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

①Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosur/iveonJeremyrssalary.

②Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedinearliertimes.in^from

【链接写作】——完成句子

据说这位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。

It'ssaidthatthewomansurvivedherhusbandby10years.

【名师点津】survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时,为

及物动词,其后不可接介词from或in。

4.defence[课本义]以辩护;防御,保护;防御物;国防;防守

[增补义]〃.答辩;被告一方(及辩护律师)

(l)indefenceof保护;为了保卫;(为...)辩护

inone'sdefence=indefenceofsb.为某人辩护

(2)defend”保卫;防守

defend...from/against…保护...免受;为辩护

defendoneself自卫

Thescientistwenttothatregionindefenceofthatrarespecies.

那位科学家去了那个地区保护那种珍稀物种。

’语块存储

indefenceofpeople'sinterests保护人民的利益

indefenceofthepresentsystem为目前的体系辩护

defendoneselfsuccessfullyincourt在法庭上成功地为自己进行了辩护

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

①Thetravellermayfireatawildbeasttodefendhimself(he)incaseheis

attacked.

©Severalpeoplespokeinmydefenceatthemeeting.

(3)Thecouncilstatesthateverychildshouldbedefendedofdangerous

things.offf?om/against

【链接写作】——完成句子

现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。

Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtorisetodefend/indefenceoftheir

legalrights.

5.consequence[课本义]〃.结果,后果;重要性

[增补义酎重大意义

(高考原句・2020•全国卷1)1wonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthno

mattertheconsequences.

(1)asaconsequence(=inconsequence)因止匕结果

inconsequenceof(=asaconsequenceof)由于...的缘故,因而

beofno/littleconsequence无足轻重的,不重要的

(2)consequent。4•,必然的;随之发生的

consequently。曲,因此;必然地

Finallytheyoungmanbrokedownasaconsequenceo"inconsequenceofgreat

stress.

因为压力太大,最后那个年轻人崩溃了。

厂语块存储..—

answerfor/dealwith/taketheconsequences承担后果

inconsequenceofhisbadwork由于他工作表现不好

beofgreatconsequencetoallofus对我们所有人都非常重要

acceptthefullconsequencesofyourbehaviour承担你的行为所引起的全部后

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

①Wemustanswerfbrtheconsequencesofourowndeed.

②MycarbrokedownandconsequentIwaslate.consequentfconsequently

【链接写作】——词汇升级

(普通表达)Agreatfirebrokeout,andasaresult,thehousewascompletely

destroyed.

①(高级表达)Agreatfirebrokeout,andasaconsequence/inconsequence,the

housewascompletelydestroyed.

②(高级表达)Asaconsequenceef71nconsequenceofagreatfire,thehousewas

completelydestroyed.

6.breakdown[课本义]使分解(为),使变化(成)

[增补义]出故障;抛锚;(身体等)垮掉;(情感等)失控;(谈判等)失败;打破,

消除

(高考原句・2021•浙江卷)Iunderstoodimmediatelywhatmyparentswere

worriedabout.Really,thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownhalfway.

【一词多义】写出下列句子中breakdown的汉语意思

①Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,

becausetheairconditioningbrokedown.(机器)出故障

(2)IfTimcarriesonworkinglikethis,he'llbreakdownsoonerorlater.

(身体)垮掉

③Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmustbreakitdownintoparts.

分解

④Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreakdownsomebarrierstotrade

betweenthem,消除

breakup打碎;驱散;(关系)破裂,分手;(会议等)结束;(物理)理体

breakin打断,插嘴;强行闯入

breakinto强行闯入;突然开始(笑、欢呼等)

break。任使折断;突然终止;中断(谈话等)

breakout(战争、火灾等)突然发生,爆发

breakthrough克服;取得突破

breakawayfrom脱离;断绝与...的关系

Thecomputersystembrokedownsuddenlywhilehewassearchingfor

information.

在他搜寻资料时,电脑系统突然坏了。

’语块存储.

breakdownracialdiscrimination消除种族歧视

breakuptheoldcarsfortheirparts把那些旧车拆掉取零件

breakdowntheprojectintosmallerparts把项目分成几个小部分

【基础练习】——语段语法填空

Unfortunately,thepeacetalksbrokedownintheend.Asaresult,awarbrokeout

betweenthetwocountries.Thenativepeoplehadtobreakawayfromtheirhomesand

sufferedalotfromthewar.

【链接写作】——完成句子

①妈妈闯进我的房间,告诉我不要熬夜了,否则身体会垮掉的。

MotherbrokeintomyroomandtoldmenottostayuporIwouldbreakdown.

②科学家认为他们在抗癌的研究中开始有所突破。

Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.

7.buildup[课本义]逐渐增加,扩大

[增补义]逐渐增强;增强……的体质;建立;创办;开发;聚集;积累

(高考原句・2021•天津3月卷)“Thetechnologistmustbuildupastorywiththe

patient,nMs.L'Ecuyersaid.

【一词多义】——写出下列句子中buildup的汉语意思

①Bearsbuildupfatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergy

enoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.积累

②Hisconfidencebuiltupgraduallyashegainedmoreandmoreexperiencein

teaching.逐渐增强

©Takingexercisehelpsusbuildusupandkeepaclearmind.

增强……的体质

④It'ssaidthatshe,sbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness.建立;创办

buildsth.up创建;开发

buildsb./oneselfup增强某人或自身的体质

buildupone'svocabulary增加词汇量

buildon把...建立于;依赖

Takinganactivepartinsportsandoutdooractivitiesisreallyhelpfultobuildus

upandenrichourschoollife.

积极参加体育和户外活动确实有助于强身健体和丰富我们的学校生活。

’语块存储

buildthewallup把墙加厚

buildupone'sstrength恢复体力

buildonearlierachievements建立在原来的成就之上

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

①Greenhousegasescontinuetobuildintheatmosphere,causingtheglobal

temperaturetogoup.

②Hedrewtheconclusionbybuildinguphisowninvestigation.up->on

【链接写作】——完成句子

这儿很多大企业都是从小规模发展起来的。

Manyalargeandbigbusinesshasbeenbuiltupfromsmalloneshere.

8.comeupwith[课本义]想出,想到

「增补义]追赶上;比得上

(高考原句・2021•浙江卷)Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeople

andorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.

comeup升起;被提出;发生

keepupwith与...同步,跟上(强调状态)

catchupwith跟上(强调动作)

putupwith忍耐,忍受;熬过

endupwith以...结束

Tohersurprise,somethingunexpectedcameupatthemeeting.

让她惊讶的是,会议上出现了意想不到的事情。

r语块存储.—>

endupwithnothing一无所得

comeupwithnewways/ideas提出新的方法/想法

putupwithbehaviourfromtheirson容忍他们儿子的行为

keepupwiththeseexcellentstudents跟上那些优秀学生

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

©Specialistscancomeupwithnewwaystosolvetheproblemofairpollution.

②Withoutyourhelp,theexperimentwillendugwithfailure.

(3)Afterbeingoutofschoolsolong,shehadtoworkhardinordertocatchupon

theothers.on-*•with

【链接写作】——完成句子

在会上他们都对如何解决这些问题提出了一些想法。

Atthemeetingtheyallcameupwithsomeideasonhowtosolvetheseproblems.

【名师点津】comeupwith意为''提出",主语(人)是提出者,后面的宾

语才是被提出的内容,无被动语态。comeup为不及物动词短语。

9.Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestogrow,sodoestheeffectwehaveon

animals.

随着人口的持续增长,我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。

(1)“so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示上文所述的肯定情况也适

用于另一个人或物,意为“……也一样”。

(2)“so+主语+be动词/助动词"青态动词”表示同意上文所述内容,意为

“确实如此,的确如此”。

(3)uneither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示上文的否定情况也

适用于后者,意为“……也不……”。

(4)如果表示前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时,则需要So

itis/waswith…或Itis/wasthesamewith…。

【金句推送】

(2019•全国卷I)Asthenumberoftouristshasgrown,sohastheamountof

trafficontheroads.

随着游客数量的增加,道路上的交通量也增加了。

【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错

①Henryisverycleverbuthedoesn*tworkhardathislessons.Soitiswithhis

littlebrother.

②Whenwebeginconversationswithnewpeople,wewanttofeelcomfortable,

andneitherdothey.neither-^so

【链接写作】——句式升级

(普通表达)Hisparentswerenotsatisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexam.His

teacherwasnotsatisfiedeither.

(高级表达)Hisparentswerenotsatisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexam,and

neither/norwashisteacher.(neither/nor)

>>>关键能力评估

GUANJIANNENGLIPINGGU强化运用技能

夯基固本—基础强化

I.用所给词的正确形式填空

1.Walkingintheairfullofsmogisharmful(harm)tous.

2.Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious(vary)

activitiesonEarthDay.

3.Therewasacarcrashyesterday,andofthesixpeopleinjured,onlytwo

survived(survive).

4.Allthepeople,menandwomen,youngandold,werefightingagainstthe

floodindefence(defend)oftheirownhomes.

5.Itrainedyesterday,andconsequently(consequent),thematchwascancelled.

II.改正句中的错误

1.Townsonlyafewmilesapartcanhaveentiredifferentdialects.entire->

entirely

2.Thevillagersweremendingtheroofdamagedwiththestrongwind.with-^by

3.Hewassurprisedaboutthedisappearanceofmanyspeciesofplantsfromour

planet.about->at/by

4.We*llneedseverallengthofstringtotietheDackage.lengthflengths

5.Theconferenceclosedwithshortspeechbytheorganize匚with后力口a

in.在空白处填入一个适当的词

1.There'snogreatharmindrinkingalittlebeertorelievetirednessafterhard

work.

2.Roomsvaryinsizeandareequippedwithhairdryers,televisionsand

telephones.

3.Theycansurviveonverylittlemoney.

4.Shehadtodefendherselfagainst/fromtheguarddog.

5.Sheworkedhardatherlessonsandasaconsequenceshegothighmarks.

6.Atonepoint,thepeacetalksbetweenthetwocountriesseemedtobreakdown

withnoagreementreached.

7.Itmaytakeafewweeksforyoutobuildugyourstrengthagain.

8.Ihadn'tbeentothecontinentbeforeandneither7norhadJane.

查缺补漏知识拾遗

I.用所给词的正确形式填空

1.Amongthepeopleis(be)alittleboysurvivingtheearthquake.

2.Heisthepersontrackingftrack)measfarasthefactorytheotherday.

3.Hedecidedtosendhissonabroadforfurther(far)education.

4.Asamatteroffact,someoftheirnewproductsarehighlyprofitable(profit).

5.Theexperttalkedoftheapplication(apply)ofthenewtechnology.

6.WhenFmreadingabook,absolutely(absolute)nothingcangetmyattention.

7.Youmustn*ttakeanythingthatispoisonous(poison)tothatcentre.

8.Itisnaturalthatamayorshouldpaymoreattentiontotheeconomic(economy)

development.

IL在空白处填入一个适当的词

1.Theyoungmanwasforcedtoleavethecompanyduetothismistake.

2.Tobehonest,whatyousaidhadnoimpactonthechildrenhere.

3.Infact,theyoungvolunteershavebreathedlifeintotheoldclub.

4.Thevillagersstayedintheshelterwhereenoughfoodwasoffered.

5.Howmanyfactoryworkersareindangeroflosingtheirjobsnow?

6.Hehassomemoneyinhispocket,withwhichhewillbuyhersomebooks.

强技提能——语言运用

I.课文缩写语法填空

WelcometotheAmazonrainforest,the1.largest(large)rainforestintheworld.lt

playsasignificantrolein2.maintaining(maintain)thefinebalanceoftheEarth's

ecosystem.TheAmazonrainforestcrossesintoeightcountries3.withanareaof

around6millionsquarekilometres,morethanhalf4.thesizeofChina.ltisnamed

aftertheAmazonRiver,5.whichiscloseto6,400kilometresinlength.

Ofthe390,000plantspecies6.known(know)tous,morethan40,000canbe

foundintheAmazonrainforest.Theforest'sdifferentlevelssupportanunbelievable

7.variety(vary)ofwildlife.Andmorethan1,300speciesof8.birds(bird)andover400

speciesofmammalshideamongtheforest.

TheAmazonrainforest9.isrecognized(recognize)asthe"lungsoftheplanet”by

fixingcarbonandproducingover20%ofalltheEarth'soxygen.Moreover,the

Amazonrainforest10.is(be)atreasurehouseofspeciesthatcanbeusedforfoodor

medicine.

H.文本写作

Step1.写作要点(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)

①2019年,被称为“地球之肺”的亚马孙热带雨林发生了特大火灾。

In2019,ahugefirebrokeoutintheAmazonrainforestknownasthelungsof

theplanet".

②火灾可能对生态系统造成永久性破坏。

Thefirecouldcausepermanentdamagetotheecosystem.

③碳排放可能导致全球变暖。

Carbonemissionsmaycontributetoglobalwarming.

④近年来由于人类的活动,亚马孙雨林一直在遭到破坏。

Ithasbeendestroyinginrecentyearsduetohumanactivities.

⑤相关资料显示,在过去的30年里,亚马孙雨林已经缩小了六分之一。

Relevantinformationshowsthatinthepast30years,theAmazonrainforesthas

shrunkbyonesixth.

⑥如果这种现象没有得到遏制,在不远的将来,这片美丽的雨林将从地球上

消失!

Ifthisphenomenonisnotcontrolled,thisbeautifulrainforestwilldisappearfir)m

theearthinthenearfuture!

Step2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)

In2019,ahugebrokeoutintheAmazonrainforestknownas/he"lungsof

theplanet”.Thefirecouldcausepermanentdamagetotheecosystemandcarbon

emissionsmaycontributetoglobalwarming.Infact,ithasbeendestroyinginrecent

yearsduetohumanactivities.Relevantinformationshowsthatinthepast30years,

theAmazonrainforesthasshrunkbyonesixth.Ifthisphenomenonisnotcontrolled,

thisbeautifulrainforestwilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture!

UNIT2Naturaldisasters

»>_____基础知识梳理

JICHUZHISHISHULI构建知识体系

课标单词背诵

(先填后背)

第一组

1.countyn.君B,县

2.disaster〃.灾难,灾害;彻底失败

3.crashn.碰撞声,破裂声;碰撞;崩溃况.&“碰撞,撞击;崩溃

4.signal式.&3.发信号,示意;标志〃.信号,暗号;标志;信号灯

5.凶1〃.&式出去,离去,退场;退出n.出口,通道;离开

6.stair”.楼梯;梯级

7.应1〃.名单;卷;一管;翻滚式.&S.翻滚,滚动;翻身;卷起

8.confirmw.证实,确认;使确信;批准

9.hyg”.拥抱,搂抱;抱紧

10.proceduren.程序,步骤,手续

11.遍。力•.奇怪的,怪异的;偶尔的;不成对的

12.relief/?.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济

13.typhoonn.台风

14.destructiveadj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的

15.polen.柱,杆;极

16.hurricanen.飓风

17.conferencen.会议,研讨会;讨论,商谈

18.power”.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量

19.donate”捐赠,赠送;献(血)

20.charityn.慈善机构(或组织);慈善,施舍;仁爱,宽容

21.staff/?.全体职工;管理人员”在……工作,任职于

22.slides.幻灯片;降低;滑行;山崩况滑行;逐渐陷入

23.fundn.资金;基金

第二组

24.floodn.洪水,水灾;大量况&“淹没,泛滥;大量涌入;充满

25.downstairsado.在楼下,往楼下n.楼下

26.document".文件,公文;(计算机中的)文档

27.honey”.(爱称)亲爱的;蜂蜜

28.otherwise。血,否则,不然;除此以外

29.curious。力.好奇的:奇特的

30.erupt况(火山)爆发:突然发生

31.unearth”使出土,挖掘,发掘;发现,找到

32.destinationn.目的地,终点

33.bar//.酒吧;小馆子;吧台;条,块;栏杆;障碍”封;阻挡;阻止

34.importn.进口产品,输入的产品;输入”.进口,引进

35.export/1.出口产品,输出的产品;出口,输出“出口,输出

36.portn.港口,避风港;港口城市

37.cloud-capped”力.高耸入云的,耸入云霄的

38.volcanon.火山

39.trunkn.树干

40.unbearable。力.难耐的,无法忍受的

41.回蛔。而在(或向)较远处,在另一边prep.在(或向)更远处;超出;晚

于;无法;超出...之外

42.distancen.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远

43.pattern”.图案,花样;模式;范例;模型

44.column».柱,圆柱;柱状物;栏;专栏;队,列

45.locate”.找出...的准确位置;把...安置在(或建造于)

46.retirevi.&vt.退休,退职

[单词拼写.运用]

核心单词语境运用

用所给词的适当形式填

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