辽宁省沈阳市2021年中考英语考试真题与答案解析

辽宁省沈阳市2021年中考[英语]考试真题与答案解析一、单项填空共10小题，每小题0.5分；满分5分。从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．LinTaoplaysguitarintheschoolband．（）A．a B．an C．the D．不填答案解析：固定短语playtheguitar弹吉他。故选：C。2．Jackisonlyfouryearsold．Heistooyoungtolookafter．（）A．herself B．itself C．yourself D．himself答案解析：herself她自己；itself它自己；himself他自己，根据主语是Jack。故选：D。3．Billhasagreatofhumourandoftenmakespeoplelaugh．（）A．sense B．excuse C．pride D．dream答案解析：A.感觉；B.借口；D.梦想，经常让人发笑，空处要表达的意思应为"感觉"，意为"幽默感"。故选：A。4．Acandledoesnotproduceaslightasalightbulb．（）A．many B．much C．few D．little答案解析：many许多，修饰可数名词复数，修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词复数，修饰不可数名词，结合常识。故选：B。5．TomorrowI'mflyingtoBeijing．Ithereforthefollowingthreeweeks．（）A．am B．havebeen C．willbe D．was答案解析：tomorrow明天，要用将来时will+动词原形，后面也要用一般将来时。故选：C。6．Tom'soldcomputerranfastfiveyearsago，butlittlebylittleitreallyslow．（）A．looked B．became C．sounded D．stayed答案解析：looked看起来；became变得；stayed停留，现在很慢"可知，应该是变得慢了。故选：B。7．Ateamwasinthecompanytolookintotheproblem．（）A．setup B．caughtup C．takenup D．lightedup答案解析：setup成立；caughtup赶上；lightedup照亮，是成立了一个小组。故选：A。8．youwanttowatchtelevision，Iwillturnitoffnow．（）A．Since B．As C．Until D．Unless答案解析：since既然，引导原因状语从句，引导时间状语从句，引导时间状语从句，如果不……，否则我现在就把它关掉。故选：D。9．—Doyouknow？—Inthe1960s．（）A．whereHavocinHeavenwascreated B．whenHavocinHeavenwascreated C．wherewasHavocinHeavencreated D．whenwasHavocinHeavencreated答案解析：结合句意，﹣﹣你知道《大闹天宫》__创作的吗。结合回复的是时间，排除A，宾语从句要用陈述语序。故选：B。10．—Toenjoyyourholiday，you'dbetterfindsomeideasforashorttripinatravelguide．—．（）A．That'sagoodidea B．You'rewelcome C．Itdoesn'tmatter D．Don'tworry答案解析：A表示这是个好主意，B表示不客气，D表示不要担心，认为其最好在旅行指南中找到一些短途旅行的想法。故选：A。二、完形填空共1小题，每小题15分；满分15分。阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。11．Billy'smomhadbeenaskinghimtocleantheattic（小阁楼）formonths．OneSaturday，Billywasboredanddecideditwas（1）togetthejobdone．Hewalkedupthedirtystairs，（2）Ctheolddoor，andgotrighttowork．AsBillylookedthroughboxes，walkedthroughpapers（3）Ddidsomecleaning，hefoundallkindsoflittletreasures．Hefoundoldtoys，manybooksandfunnypicturesofhisparents．Thepicturesweretaken（4）Atheywereyounger．Billyfoundsomeofhisowntoysandclothesfromwhenhewasmuch（5）D．Hesmiled．Theatticcertainlyhadlotsofstoriesto（6）Aabouthisfamily．Asmallwoodenbox，lyinginthefarcorneroftheattic，caughtBilly's（7）．Hewentoverandopenedit．Inithefoundsomeoldpapers．Onelookedlikea（8）C．Hetookitout．Ashelooked（9）atit，Billydiscoveredthatthemapshowedahouse—hishouse！ThenBillysearchedforwherethemap（10）C…andrealizeditwastohisownbedroom！Heranbackdownthestairswiththemap（11）Chishand．Hewasveryexcitednowandspedintohisroomtofindwhathewassurewouldbeawonderfulsurprise．Asheopenedthedoortohisroom，hesmelledhis（12）Athingintheworld：banananutcakes．There，onthecornerofhisdesk，wasaplateofwarmcakesandatallglassofcoldmilk．Besidetheplatewasa（13）Dfromhismom．"Thankyoufor（14）Atheattic，"itsaid．"Ihopeyouenjoythislittle（15）too！Love，Mom．"（1）A．chanceB．timeC．turnD．choice（2）A．lockedB．closedC．openedD．painted（3）A．orB．butC．soD．and（4）A．whenB．thoughC．becauseD．how（5）A．olderB．tallerC．slowerD．younger（6）A．tellB．careC．worryD．think（7）A．armB．eyeC．earD．leg（8）A．cardB．letterC．mapD．photo（9）A．sadlyB．closelyC．carelesslyD．proudly（10）A．putupB．setoffC．ledtoD．tookaway（11）A．byB．underC．inD．of（12）A．favouriteB．importantC．interestingD．popular（13）A．pictureB．bookC．diaryD．note（14）A．cleaningB．emptyingC．buildingD．searching（15）A．toyB．treasureC．bananaD．desk答案解析：（1）B考查名词。句意：一个星期六，决定是时候把工作做完了。故选B。（2）C考查动词。句意：他走上脏兮兮的楼梯，马上开始工作，B.关闭，D.涂漆，故选C。（3）D考查连词。句意：当比利翻箱倒柜、打扫卫生时。"翻阅文件，用and即可。（4）A考查连词。句意：这些照片是在他们年轻时拍的，B.虽然，D.如何，故选A。（5）D考查形容词。句意：比利发现了他更年轻时自己的一些玩具和衣服，B.较高的，D.年轻的，所以"年轻时的玩具和衣服"更符合句意。（6）A考查动词。句意：阁楼上肯定有很多关于他家庭的故事、讲述，C.担心，结合语境。（7）B考查名词。句意：一个小木箱，吸引了比利的注意，吸引某人的注意力。（8）C考查名词。句意：其中一张看起来像地图，B.馨，D.照片！"，可知，故选C。（9）B考查副词。句意：当他仔细看时，形容看得很仔细，B.密切地，D.自豪地。（10）C考查动词短语。句意：然后比利寻找地图指向的地方…A.张贴，C.引到，结合语境。（11）C考查介词。句意：他手里拿着地图跑下楼梯，故选C。（12）A考查形容词。句意：当他打开房间的门时。A.最喜爱的，C.有趣的，结合语境。（13）D考查名词。句意：盘子旁边是他妈妈的一张纸条，B.书，D.纸条"Thankyouforcleaningtheattic．"可知此处应该是妈妈给留的小纸条。（14）A考查动词。句意：谢谢你打扫阁楼，B.清空，D.搜索，故选A。（15）B考查名词。句意：我希望你也喜欢这个小宝贝foundkindslittle。故选B。三、阅读理解共3小题，每小题1.5分；满分18分。阅读短文，然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。12．FamousLandmarksTheGreatWallofChinawasbegunin214B.C.．Itwasbuiltforpreventingtheenemies．Itisthelargestbuildingeverbuilt．Wecanseeitfromspace．TheColosseuminRomewasopenedin80A.D.．Itwassometimesfilledwithwaterforshipbattles．TheTajMabalinIndiawasbuiltbetween1630and1652．ItisagraveforthewifeofanIndianprince．Itattractslotsofvisitorseveryyear．TheEiffelTowerinPariswascompletedin1889．Itwasbuiltforthe100thanniversary（周年纪念日）oftheFrenchRevolution（革命）．（1）Ifyou'dliketovisittheColosseuminRome，youshouldgotoD．A．ChinaB．FranceC．IndiaD．Italy（2）HowlongdidittakeIndianstobuildtheTajMahal？CA．Nearly80years．B．Almost100years．C．About22years．D．Around214years．（3）Whichbuildinghasnothingtodowithfights？CA．TheGreatWall．B．TheColosseum．C．TheTajMahal．D．TheEiffelTower．（4）ThedescriptionofthelandmarkstellsusthatA．A．theGreatWallisthebiggestbuildingeverbuiltB．theColosseumwasopenedtothepublicin80B.C.C．theTajMahalwasbuiltforanIndianprinceD．peoplebuilttheEiffelTowertorememberParis答案解析：（1）D.细节理解题。根据TheColosseuminRomewasopenedin80A.D。罗马的圆形竞技场于公元80年开放。（2）C.推理判断题。根据TheMabalIndiabuiltbetweenand．可知印度的泰姬陵马巴尔酒店在1630年至1652年间被建造的。故选C。（3）C.细节判断题。根据TheMabalIndiabuiltbetweenand．ItagravetheofIndian．Itlotsvisitorsyear。这是一座为印度王子的妻子而建的坟墓。因此可知泰姬陵建造与争斗无关。（4）A.细节理解题。根据TheWallChinabegu214B．．Itbuiltpreventingenemiesislargestever．可知中国的长城在公元前214年开始建造。这是有史以来建造的最大的建筑。13．Helloeveryone！MynameisGeorgeSmithandI'vebeenajournalist（新闻记者）for30years．Yes，that'salongtimeIalwayswantedtobeajournalist．Istartedanewspaperatschoolandworkedonastudentnewspaperatuniversity．IgotajobasajournalistassoonasIfinisheduniversityandIlovemyjobtilltoday．Journalismisnotforeveryone．Howcanonebeagoodjournalist？Youneedtowritewell．Youneedtowriteinawaythatisinterestingtoyouraudience．Asajournalist，youwillhavetowritefordifferentaudiences，soyouneedtobeabletochangeyourstyleaswell．Journalistsworkveryhard．Itdoesn'tmatterifyouareabroad，writingaboutawarorathomewritingaboutlocalnews．Journalistsworklongdaysanditcanbeveryhardtofindtimetohaveaholiday．Youalsoneedtobestrong．WhatdoImeanbythat？Well，noteveryonewilllikewhatyouwrite．Sometimespeoplewillsaybadwordsaboutyourwork．Youcan'tbeangrywiththesepeople．Youhavetotrytotakenonoticeofthemandkeepworking．Youhavetobegoodattalkingtopeopletoo．Journalistsfindoutmostoftheirinformationbytalkingtopeople．Noteveryonewantstotalktoajournalistsoyouneedtogetpeopletotrustyou．Beingajournalistisahardbutgreatjob．Now，arethereanyquestions？（1）Wecaninfer（推断）thatGeorgeSmithalwayswantedtobeajournalistA．A．whenhewasayoungchildB．afterhefinisheduniversityC．untilhehadagoodholidayD．beforehewroteaboutawar（2）Tobecomeagoodjournalist，youshouldD．A．writefunnythingsB．talkaboutlocalnewsC．bemadwithpeopleD．makepeopletrustyou（3）GeorgeSmiththinkshisjobisD．A．easybutboringB．worryingbutniceC．interestingbutbadD．difficultbutgreat（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthetext？CA．AlovelypersonB．AstrongmanC．AlongcareerD．Awritingskill答案解析：（1）A.细节理解题。根据Iwantedbea．Istartedaatandonanewspaperuniversity。我在学校创办了一家报纸，可知。故选A。（2）D.细节理解题。根据Notwantstalkajournalistyoutopeopletrust．不是每个人都想和记者交谈，可知，你应该让人们相信你。（3）D.细节理解题。根据ajournalistahardgreat．作为一名记者是一项艰苦但伟大的工作，乔治•史密斯认为他的工作艰苦但伟大。（4）C.主旨大意题。本文布拉德介绍自己是如何成为记者的职业生涯，以及当一名记者需要有那些能力。故选C。14．Doyouknowthatthefalcon（猎鹰）isamongthefastestanimalsintheworld？Itcanflyataspeedofabout200milesperhour．Youmightthinkabirdthatcouldflysofastwouldbesafefrommosttypesofdanger．Unfortunately，thatisnottrue．Bythe1970sInAmerica，apesticide，achemical，calledDDTwasharmingthefalconeggs．Luckily，DDTisnolongerused．Thenumberoffalconsisrisingnow．Oneunusualthingaboutfalconsisthattheyliketomaketheirnests（巢）inhighplaces．Innature，theyoftennestonmountaintopsandonthesidesofcliffs（悬崖）Theyalsoliketoreturntothesamenestingplaceeveryyear．Boththemotherandfatherfalconshelptoraisethebabies．Themotherstaysmoretimeinthenest．Thefatherhuntsandbringsbackfoodforherandthebabies．Manypeopleallaroundthecountryworkveryhardtohelpfalconslivetoadulthood．Thereareevenvideocamerasfixedupinmanyplaces．Thisway，peoplecanmakesurethatthebirdsandtheireggsstayprotected．Falconsareluckytohavesomanypeoplewhokeepaneyeonthem．（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"pesticide"meaninChinese？A．流感B．杀虫剂C．枪支D．捕猎网（2）Accordingtothetext，weknowthatD．A．falconsflysofastthatnothingcanhurtthemB．falconssuddenlydiedoutintheyear1970C．peoplecan'tfindfalcons'nestsincitiesD．babyfalconsarebroughtupbytheirparents（3）What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureoffalcons？A．Nervous．B．Hopeful．C．Curious．D．Unsure．（4）Inwhichsection（版）ofanewspapercanweprobablyreadthetext？CA．Sports．B．Life．C．Science．D．Business．答案解析：（1）B词义猜测题。根据后面a，called一种叫滴滴涕的化学物质，故答案是：B。（2）D细节推理题。根据第四段Boththemotherandfatherfalconshelptoraisethebabies．猎鹰妈妈和猎鹰爸爸都帮助抚养幼隼。可知小猎鹰是由父母抚养长大的，故答案是：D。（3）B细节理解题。根据最后一段Manypeopleallaroundthecountryworkveryhardtohelpfalconslivetoadulthood．Thisway．Falconsareluckytohavesomanypeoplewhokeepaneyeonthem。许多地方甚至安装了摄像机，人们可以确保鸟类和它们的蛋得到保护。可知作者对猎鹰的未来充满希望。四、回答问题阅读图文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。15．Weoftenwriteshortmessagestofamilymembers，friendsorclassmatestoremindthemaboutsomething．Shortmessagesareoftenwrittenclearlyinafewwords．Hereisanexample．18Sept.HiJimmy，Thisistoremindyouaboutourbasketballgametomorrowevening.I'llmeetyououtsidetheclubat8p.m.Don'tforgettowearyourbasketballshoes.Seeyouthere!Simon（1）Whydoweoftenwriteshortmessagestopeople？Toremindthemaboutsomething.（2）Whatisashortmessageusuallylike？Itisusuallywrittenclearlyinafewwords.（3）WhodoesSimonwritetheshortmessageto？Jimmy.（4）Wherewilltheymeetat8p.m.？Outsidetheclub.（5）Willtheyhavetheirbasketballgameon18September？No，theywon't.答案解析：细节理解题（1）Toremindthemaboutsomething.根据Weoftenshorttomembersortothemsomething、朋友或同学写短信来提醒他们一些事情，我们经常写短信息给家人。故答案为Toremindthemaboutsomething.（2）Itisusuallywrittenclearlyinafewwords.根据Shortmessagesoftenclearlyafew，可知短信息通常用几句话写得很清楚（3）Jimmy.根据HiJimmy，可知西蒙把短信息写给吉米的（4）Outsidetheclub.根据I'llmeetyououtsidetheclubat8p.m.我晚上8点在俱乐部外面等你。可知他们晚上6点在俱乐部外面见面（5）No，theywon't.根据Thisistoremindyouaboutourbasketballgametomorrowevening.这是提醒你明天晚上我们的篮球赛。可知篮球赛在9月19号举行，theywon't.

五、阅读填空16．阅读短文，然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。Jingzhe，orthe"awakeningoftheinsects"oftenfallsinMarchinChina．ThebeginningofMarch（1）brings（bring）someunusualweather，astemperaturesriseandrainfallcomeswiththunderstorms（雷雨）．AccordingtoclassicChinesewritings（冬眠）forthewinter．（2）They（Them）wouldriseupfromtheearthandmanyotheranimalswouldalsomaketheir（3）first（one）appearanceoftheyear．Soon，peachflowerswouldcomeout，whilebirdswouldsing（4）hppily（happy）fromtreebranches．ChinesefarmersplacegreatimportanceonJingzhe，sinceitmarksthestartofspringplowing（春耕），oneofthe（5）busiest（busy）timesforfarmers．Spring（6）isconsidered（consider）tobethemostvaluabletimeoftheyearforfarming．Atthebeginningoftheyear，farmersplowthesoil，givingcropsthebestpossibleenvironment．AnotherJingzhetraditioniseating（7）pears（pear）．Itisthoughttobehealthytodosowhentheweatherischanging．答案解析：（1）brings考查动词。根据语境，主语Theof，接动词第三人称单数形式。（2）They考查代词。根据...wouldupthe，可知句子缺少主语。故填They。（3）first考查序数词。根据manyanimalsalsotheir...（one）ofyear。此处是序数词。（4）happily考查副词。根据birdssing...。此处是副词修饰动词sing。（5）busiest考查最高级。句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰，是农民最忙的时候之一，应用形容词最高级busiest。（6）isconsidered考查时态和语态。句意：春天被认为是一年中农业最宝贵的时间，且陈述客观事实，主语为spring．故填isconsidered。（7）pears考查名词。根据Anothertraditioneating...。此处是名词复数形式表示一类事物。六、综合阅读阅读短文，然后按要求完成第1～10小题。17．JasonisinterestedinChina．HehasfoundsomeinformationaboutChineseculture．TheabacusTheabacuswasperhapstheearliesttypeofcomputer．People（A）startedusingitmorethan4，000yearsagotodomaths．ItwasusedinancientChina，Rome（B）一些人仍然使用它。Kungfu"Kungfu"isthepopularnamegiventoChinesemartialartsintheWest．Itreferstoanumberofdifferenttypesoffightingthathavedeveloped（C）morethanhundredsofyearsinChina．Thesedifferentstylesareoftencalled"schools"．OneofthemostfamousschoolsistheShaolinSchool．Itcomes（D）theShaolinTempleatSongshaninHenanProvince．TCMTodaywhenpeopleintheWestneedmedicalhelp，theyoftenchoose（E）"new"kindofmedicinethatisactuallyquiteold．TheychoosetraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）．TCMusesmanydifferentkindsoftreatments．Herbalmedicinesareused，forexample，tohelpbringbalancetopeople．（F）ManyofthetreatmentsusedinTCMhavehelpedpeopleforthousandsofyears．PeoplecanuseChinesemedicineforalmostanysicknesstheyhave．（1）写出文中画线部分（A）和（C）的同义词或近义词：began；over.（2）将文中画线部分（B）译成英语：somepeoplearestillusingit．（3）在文中（D）和（E）的空白处填入适当的单词：from；a.（4）将文中画线部分（F）改写为：ManyofthetreatmentsusedinTCMhavehelpedpeoplesincethousandsofyearsago．（5）从文中找出两个与中国文化相关的名词：Theabacus；Kungfu.答案解析：（1）began；over.同义词．Peoplestartedusingitmorethan4．算盘可能是最早的计算机。可知started意思是开始；根据ItreferstoanumberofdifferenttypesoffightingthathavedevelopedmorethanhundredsofyearsinChina。morethan意思是超过；其同义词应为over意思是超过；故答案为began。（2）somepeoplearestillusingit．汉译英。可知；仍然使用它译为arestillusingit。故答案为somepeoplearestillusingit。（3）from；a.单词填空题。可知短语comesfrom...表示来自于……；根据句意今天，他们通常会选择一种"新"的药物。短语a；此处应填冠词a；a。（4）since；ago.句型转换题．几千年来。时态是一般过去时态．几千年来sincethousandsofyears．自数千年前以来。时态是现在完成时态．自数千年前以来；ago。（5）Theabacus；Kungfu.关键词题．People（A）startedusingitmorethan4．算盘可能是最早的计算机。根据"Kungfu"isthepopularnamegiventoChinesemartialartsintheWest．"功夫"在西方是中国武术的流行名称。本文首先说了Theabacus。所以从文中找出两个与中国文化相关的名词应是：算盘。故答案为Theabacus。18．Foryears，peoplethoughtthatsleepwasunimportantandinactive．Today，weknowthatsleepisimportantforgoodphysicalandmental（精神的），thebrainisveryactive．①Bydoingthistheyhavelearnedthattherearefivestagesofsleep．Stageonesleepisverylight．Duringthistime，apersonwakesupeasily．Aswemoveintostage（A），oureyesstopmovingandourbrainwavesmovemoreslowly．Duringstagesthreeandfour（oftencalled"deepsleep"），itisveryhardtowakeupaperson．Duringthistime，thebodyrepairsitselfandmakesmorecells（细胞），thebodymakesachemicalusedforgrowing．Inthenextstage—REMsleep—webegintobreathefasterandoureyesmovearoundquickly，but（B）我们的身体不动。Duringthisstage，wedream．Theamountofsleepeachpersonneedsisdifferent，andisoftenconnectedtoage．②（C）Ingeneral，babiesneedfifteentosixteenhoursofsleepaday．Childrenandteenagersneedninetotenhours，whileadultsneedsixtoeight．Overtime，nothavingenoughsleep—especiallydeepandREMsleep—cancauseonetobecomesickmoreeasily．DoctorsalsothinkthatREMsleepisveryimportantforlearning，andmemory．③Scientistsarecontinuallylearningmore（D）sleep，butonethingtheyknowforsureisthis：forhumans，itisasimportantasfoodandwater．（1）在文中（A）和（D）的空白处填入适当的单词：two；about.（2）将文中画线部分（B）译成英语：ourbodiesdonotmove.（3）将文中画线部分（C）改写为：Ingeneral，babiesneedtospendfifteentosixteenhourssleepingaday．（4）将"Tounderstandsleep，scientistsstudybrainwaves．"填入文中，①②③三处中最佳的位置是：①（5）从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的中心词：sleep答案解析：（1）two；about.单词填空题，我们的眼睛停止移动。可知此处应填数词two表示二。可知此处应填介词about意思是关于；about。（2）ourbodiesdonotmove.汉译英。根据我们的身体不动，我们的身体译为ourbodies。时态是一般现在时态。（3）spend；sleeping.句型转换题，babiesneedfifteentosixteenhoursofsleepaday，婴儿每天需要15到16个小时的睡眠，babiesneedtosleepingaday，婴儿每天需要睡15到16个小时。故答案为spend。（4）①.推理判断题。根据Bydoingthistheyhavelearnedthattherearefivestagesofsleep．Duringthistime．Aswemoveintostage，oureyesstopmovingandourbrainwavesmovemoreslowly，他们了解到睡眠有五个阶段。在此期间。当我们进入第二阶段时，我们的脑电波移动得更慢，科学家们研究脑波，他们了解到睡眠有五个阶段，scientistsstudybrainwaves，科学家们研究脑波，科学家们研究脑波，①②③三处中最佳的位置是：①。（5）sleep.关键词题。根据Foryears．Todayhealth，thebrainisveryactive，人们一直认为睡眠不重要。今天。我们还了解到，大脑非常活跃。所以从文中找出两个与中国文化相关的名词应是：sleep睡眠。七、阅读与表达（A）阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。19．allthroughtheyearanymoreg