科技英语1公开课一等奖市优质课赛课获奖课件

科技英语

（EnglishforScienceandTechnology）跨院系跨专业选修课主讲：谢静EnglishforScienceandTechnologyAim:

Introducetheconceptions,principles,historicalfacts,policiesanddevelopmentsofscienceandtechnology;

Popularizetheknowledgeofscience;

Broaden

thevocabularyofEST;

ImprovethelevelofEST.Content:

-ReligionsandConflicts-SpaceandExploration-EnergyandDevelopment-HumanandEnvironmentReligionsandConflictsWhatisreligion?KileJoneswroteinhisessayondefiningreligion:“Itisapparentthatreligioncanbeseenasatheological(神学),philosophical(哲学),anthropological(人类学),sociological(社会学),andpsychological(心理学)

phenomenonofhumankind.Tolimitreligiontoonlyoneofthesecategoriesistomissitsmultifacetednatureandloseoutonthecompletedefinition.""HumanrecognitionofsuperhumancontrollingpowerandespeciallyofapersonalGodentitledtoobedience."TheConciseOxfordDictionary

"acause,principle,orsystemofbeliefsheldtowithardorandfaith."Merriam-Webster'sOnlineDictionary"anyspecificsystemofbeliefandworship,ofteninvolvingacodeofethicsandaphilosophy."Webster'sNewWorldDictionaryTheFiveWorldReligionsChristianity(基督教)Islam(伊斯兰教)Judaism(犹太教)Hinduism(印度教)Buddhism(佛教)Christianitysilentnight

—billygilman

silentnight,holynight

alliscalm,allisbright

roundyonvirginmotherandchild

holyinfantsotenderandmild

sleepinheavenlypeace

sleepinheavenlypeace

silentnight,holynight

sonofgod,love'spurelight

radiantbeamsfromthyholyface

withthedawnofredeeminggrace

christ,thesaviorisborn

christ,thesaviorisborn

christ,thesaviorisborn

Mostwidespreadreligionintheworld.PresentintheUSA,Canada,SouthAmerica,Australia,andEngland,amongothers.VariousformsexistincludingRomanCatholic(罗马天主教),Lutheran(路德教),Methodist(卫理公会),Baptist(浸信会).Christianity’sBeliefsGod,JesusandtheSaint

ChristiansbelievethatthereisonlyoneGod,whomtheycallFatherasJesusChristtaughtthem.ChristiansrecogniseJesusastheSonofGodwhowassenttosavemankindfromdeathandsin.ThewordsaintismostcommonlyusedtorefertoaChristianwhohaslivedaparticularlygoodandholylifeonearth,andwithwhommiraclesareclaimedtohavebeenassociatedaftertheirdeath.IntheBible,however,thewordsaintisusedasadescriptionofanyonewhoisacommittedbeliever,particularlybySt.PaulintheNewTestament.TheTrinity

ChristiansbelieveintheTrinity-thatisinGodasFather,SonandHolySpirit.

ThereisonlyoneGod.HeisaTrinityofFather,SonandHolySpirit.GodlivedonearthasJesus,whowasbothwhollyGodandwhollyhuman.BecauseJesuswaswhollyhuman,hewassubjecttopain,sufferingandsorrowlikeotherhumanbeings.HediedontheCrosssothatthosewhobelieveinhimwillbeforgivenalltheirsins.Jesuspromisedthathewouldstaywithhisfollowers,soafterhewenttoHeavenhesenthisSpirittoguidethem.TheHolySpiritcontinuestoguide,comfort,andencourageChristians.God(上帝)Creation(发明)Sin(罪)Redemption(救赎)Immortality(灵魂与永生)IslamThemajorityofpeopleintheMiddleEastareMuslims1.2billionfollowers(20%ofhumanity)FollowtheteachingsofMuhammadaprophet,notadivinebeingIslamBeliefs

ThesimplestformofMuslimbeliefsissummarisedintheDeclarationofFaith(pictured):"ThereisnogodbutAllah,andMuhammadisthemessengerofAllah".Qur’an:wordofGodtransmittedthroughMuhammadsubmissiontoAllahasthepathtoinnerpeace5PillarsofIslam:-1.AllahisonetrueGod,Muhammadhismessenger-2.Ritualprayer-3.Givealmstothepoor-4.FastduringRamadan(斋月)-5.PilgrimageatleastoncetoMeccaFinaljudgementbyGodMuslimsmustdefendtheirfaithholywars(jihad)againstnonbelievers-ManycountriesrecentlyhavetriedtoridtheirsocietyofmorallywrongWesterninfluencesJudaismSomethinglessthanaworldreligionwithonly15millionfollowersaroundtheworldOnlyinIsraeldoJewsrepresentthenationalmajorityUSAhaslargestconcentrationofJews(6million)Synagogue(犹太教会堂)JudaismBeliefsCovenant:specialrelationshipwithGodbywhichJewsbecamethe“chosenpeople.”RegardOldTestamentasarecordoftheirhistoryandastatementofthedutiesofJewishlifeJudaismisthefaithofaCommunityJudaismisafamilyfaithHinduismOldestofallworldreligions14%ofallhumanityareHindusRemainsanEasternReligion,locatedinIndia,Pakistan,Indonesia,andSouthAfricaNotlinkedtothelifeofasinglepersonShiva(湿婆)Brahman(梵天)Hindusbelievethatexistenceisacycleofbirth,death,andrebirth,governedbyKarma.Hindusbelievethatthesoulpassesthroughacycleofsuccessivelivesanditsnextincarnationisalwaysdependentonhowthepreviouslifewaslived.TheVedas(吠陀经)arethemostancientreligiousHindutextanddefinethetruth.HindusbelievethatthetextswerereceivedbyscholarsdirectlyfromGodandpassedontogenerationsbywordofmouth.Hinduscelebratemanyholydays,buttheFestivalofLights,Diwali(排灯节)isthemostwellknownBuddhism350millionBuddhists(6%ofpeople)LocatedinThailand,Cambodia,Japan,India,an