四川省成都附属实验中学2019-2020高二英语下学期期末模拟试题（一）（含解析）

四川省成都附属实验中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期末模拟试题（一）（含解析）本试卷分第1卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。共150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答第1卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第I卷（选择题共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwantarobotfor?A.Lookingafterhisyoungerbrother.B.Helpinghismotherwithhousework.C.Playingwithhiminhisfreetime.2.Whohasarobot?A.Theman.B.Theman'ssister.C.Thewoman'ssister.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Sheiscarelesswithmoney.B.Shehasgoodtasteinclothing.C.Sheisabletomakemoney.4.Whatdoesthemanwishtherobotcoulddo?A.Sing.B.Dance.C.Playchess.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman'smistake.B.Theman'sbehavior.C.Theman'sjobinterview.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewoman?AAnurse.B.Adentist.C.Aresearcher.7.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftherobotHanako?A.Expensive.B.SpecialC.Helpless.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Adoctor.9.Whatarethekidsinthespeakers'classlike?A.Active.B.Rude.C.Shy.10.Whydoesthewomanhavetoleave?A.Herkidneedstobetakencareof.B.Shehasanotherjobinahospital.C.Herparentsareinpoorhealth.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inadepartmentstore.12.Whomadetherobot?A.Ayoungteacher.B.AGermanengineer.C.Anoldcook.13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Buyhermotherarobotcook.B.TakeacookingcourseinBeijing.C.Holdabirthdayparty.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howlonghasthemanbeenworkinginthezoo?A.For25years.B.For20years.C.For15years.15.Nowdoesthemandescribehiswork?A.Hard.B.Well-paid.C.Interesting.16.Whendoesthezoocloseinwinter?A.At4:30pm.B.At5:30pm.C.At6:30pm.17.Whatdoesthemandointhezoo?A.Heclearsoutcages.B.Hefeedstheanimals.C.Hedoesthemanagementwork.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WheredidJoellive?A.InBell.B.InMontebello.C.InLosAngeles.19.HowlongdidittakeJoeltopasshiswrittentest?A.Sixdays.B.Amonth.C.Sixweeks.20.HowdidJoellearntodriveintheend?A.Hisuncletaughthim.B.Hiscousintaughthim.C.Hetaughthimself.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummerBoardingCoursesSummerBoardingCourses(SBC)isanaward-winningUKsummerschoolproviderforinternationalstudentsaged11-17.Pleasejointhestudentsfromover100countries.SBCCanfordSummerSchool(Ages11-15)islocatedatCanfordSchool,TatlerSchoolAwardsPublicSchooloftheYear2019.ItiswithineasyreachofthecoastaltownofBournemouthandisoneofthemostpopularUKdestinationsforEnglishlanguagelearningoutsideofLondon.Dates:Monday6July-Monday10August2020namsttTeachingHours:15HoursPerWeekCourses:GeneralEnglish,EnglishLiterature,IntroductiontoBusinessHeadingtonOxfordSummerSchool(Ages13-16)islocatedinthebeautifulcityofOxfordjusta30-minutewalkfromthecitycentre.Itprovidesstudentswithawonderfulsettinginwhichtostudyandmeetotherstudentsfromaroundtheworld.Dates:Saturday4thJuly-Saturday18thJuly2020TeachingHours:20HoursPerWeekCourses:GeneralEnglish,SummerStudy,GlobalYoungLeadersSBCatEtonCollege(Ages11-16),only34kilometersfromLondon,providesstudentswiththeopportunitytostudyatoneoftheworld’smostfamousschools.Foundedin1440byKingHenryVI,EtonCollegehaseducated20BritishPrimeMinistersaswellasmanyauthors,scientists,actorsandexplorers.Dates:Monday13July-Monday24August2020TeachingHours:15HoursPerWeekCourses:GeneralEnglish,Mathematics,STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,Maths)OxfordCollegeSummerSchool(Ages15-17)givesstudentsthechancetoexperiencetheverybestofwhatOxfordhastooffer.StudentsliveandstudyinthefamousuniversitycityofOxford.Forover800yearsithasbeenhometotheleadingacademicmindsinscientificandculturalstudies.Dates:Monday6July-Monday17August2020/TeachingHours:15HoursPerWeekCourses:Business&Leadership,Engineering,Medicine1.Whichschooldoesn’tprovideGeneralEnglish?A.SBCCanfordSummerSchool.B.HeadingtonOxfordSummerSchool.C.SBCatEtonCollege.D.OxfordCollegeSummerSchool.2.WhatmakesSBCatEtonCollegedifferentfromtheothers?A.Ithasproducedmanyheadsofgovernment.B.Ithaseducatedsomeleadingacademicminds.C.Ithasinvitedauthorsandscientistsaseducators.D.IthasbecomeawinnerofTatlerSchoolAwards.3.WhichagerangeisHeadingtonOxfordSummerSchoolfor?A.Ages11-15.B.Ages13-16.C.Ages11-16.D.Ages15-17.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国四所提供暑期寄宿课程的学校。【1题详解】细节理解题。从四所学校提供的“Courses”信息可知，第四所学校OxfordCollegeSummerSchool的课程设置里没有GeneralEnglish这一门课。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。对SBCatEtonCollege的介绍“EtonCollegehaseducated20BritishPrimeMinistersaswellasmanyauthors,scientists,actorsandexplorers.”从这句话可知，这所大学不仅教出了许多作家，演员和探险家，还教出了20位英国首相，这与A选项里“manyheadsofgovernment”的表述一致。而其他学校没有这一特点。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。对HeadingtonOxfordSummerSchool介绍的(Ages13-16)可知，这所学校适合的年龄是13岁到16岁，故选B项。BDNAanalysishasrevealedfamilyrelationshipsbetweenmorethan10generationsofStoneAgepeopleatmegalithic(巨石的)tombsinIrelandandSweden.Theevidencesuggeststhatmegaliths,prehistoriclargestonestructures,sometimesactedasgravesforfamilygroupsinnorthwesternEuropethousandsofyearsago.Thelatestfindingsthrownewlightontheoriginsandsocialstructureofthegroupsthatbuiltmegalithsinthisregion—ahistorythathaslongbeenhiddeninmystery.Fortheirstudy,theinternationalteamofresearchersanalyzedthegenomes—thecompletesetofgeneticmaterialinacell—of24StoneAgeindividualsfromfivemegalithicburialsitesinIreland,ScotlandandGotland,alargeSwedishislandintheBalticSea.Thisanalysisshowedthatmanyoftheindividualsburiedateachmegalith,whoalllivedbetween3,800B.C.and2,600B.C.,accordingtoradiocarbon-datingoftheirremains,werecloselyrelatedviafamilyties.TheresultsalsoshowedthattheindividualsburiedatthemegalithswererelatedtoNeolithicfarmersinnorthernandwesternEuropebutgeneticallydistinctfromotherhunter-gatherers.ThiswasparticularlynoticeableattheAnsarvesiteontheislandofGotland.“ThepeopleburiedintheAnsarvetombareremarkablydifferentonageneticlevelcomparedtotheindividualsdugoutfromhunter-gathercontexts,showingthattheburialtraditioninthismegalithictomb,whichlastedforover700years,wasperformedbydistinctgroupswithrootsintheEuropeanNeolithicexpansion,”MagdalenaFraser,co-firstauthorfromUppsalaUniversity,saidinthestatement.4.What’sthesignificanceofthenewfindings?A.ItrevealsthefamilytiesbetweenpeopleinIrelandandSweden.B.Itimpliesthatmanypeopleburiedinthetombswerecloselyrelated.C.Itindicatesthelong-hiddenmysteryconcerningDNAanalysis.D.Itsuggeststhatthemegalithsbecametombsthousandsofyearsago.5.Howdidtheresearchersreachtheirfindings?A.Byinterviewingindividuals. B.Bytravellingtodifferentregions.C.Byanalyzinggenes. D.Bystudyingtheburialsites.6.Whichistrueaccordingtothelatestfindings?A.Somepeopleburiedinthetombswererelatedtofarmers.B.Fewpeopleburiedinthetombsweregeneticallydifferent.C.Allthepeopleburiedatmegalithshadfamilyrelationships.D.PeopleburiedintheAnsarvetombweredugout700yearslater.7.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Megalithsservedastombsthousandsofyearsago.B.Peopleburiedatthemegalithswererecentlyanalyzed.C.Latestfindingsshedlightonamysteryaboutburials.D.Stone-AgepeopleinIrelandandSwedenhadcloseties.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。最新一项发现显示石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人可能存在亲属关系。研究人员通过分析来自爱尔兰、苏格兰和位于波罗的海的瑞典格特兰岛的5个巨石墓葬遗址的24个石器时代个体的基因组。发现，每座巨石下埋葬着许多人，他们都生活在公元前3800年至公元前2600年之间根据他们遗体的放射性碳年代测定，他们的血缘关系非常密切。【4题详解】细节理解题。第一段DNAanalysishasrevealedfamilyrelationshipsbetweenmorethan10generationsofStoneAgepeopleatmegalithic(巨石的)tombsinIrelandandSweden.可知DNA分析揭示了爱尔兰和瑞典巨石墓群10多代人之间存在家庭关系。这项新发现意味着埋葬在坟墓里的许多人是近亲。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。第三段第一句Fortheirstudy,theinternationalteamofresearchersanalyzedthegenomes可知研究人员是通过分析基因组得出这项发现的，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。第五段第一句TheresultsalsoshowedthattheindividualsburiedatthemegalithswererelatedtoNeolithicfarmersinnorthernandwesternEurope可知埋葬在巨石阵中的人与北欧和西欧的新石器时代农民有关，故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段DNAanalysishasrevealedfamilyrelationshipsbetweenmorethan10generationsofStoneAgepeopleatmegalithic(巨石的)tombsinIrelandandSweden.以及文章主要内容可知文章中心内容主要围绕着石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人有密切联系展开。故选D。CUltrasound（超声）isusedwidelyinmedicalimaging,butinrecentyearsscientistshavestarteddevelopingitforanotheruse:stimulatingnervestotreatdisease.Intwonewstudiesinmice,researchersfocusedthesoundwavesonnervesinthespleen（脾）thatcommunicatewiththeimmunesystem,reducingsymptoms.Iftheapproachprovessafeandeffectiveinpeople,itcouldserveasatreatmentfordiseasessuchasarthritis（关节炎）.Inonestudy,ledbyscientistsattheFeisteinInstituteandGEResearch,micereceivingafewminutesofultrasoundtreatmenttothespleennervehadadiminishedsymptomstoaninjected（注射）poison.Inanotherstudy,researchersattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheircolleaguesreducessymptomsofarthritisinmicebystimulatingtheirspleennervesfor20minuteseverydayforaweek.“Zeroinginonthespleenmayprovideamorepreciseapproachthanfocusingonthevagusnerve（交感神经）,whichconnectswiththeimmunesystemviaasecondnervethatstimulatesthespleen.”saysHubertLin,leadauthorofthelatterstudy.“Whenwe’retargetingthespleenwehavelessofaneffectalloverthebody.”“Littleisknownabouthowrepeatedultrasoundaffectsthespleenorwhetherithasotherharmfuleffects,”saysneuroscientistDeniseBellingerofLomaLindaUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedineitherstudy.Anongoingclinicaltrialaimstoassessthetreatment’ssafetyinhumanswitharthritis.Abiggerunknownishowultrasoundactivatesingeneral.Scientistsarenowexploringtheuseofultrasoundonotherpartsofthenervoussystem,includingthebrain.“Weknowhowtocontrolnerveswithelectricity,andwe’vebeendoingitformorethan100years,”neuroscientistKevinTraceysays,“Buttheideaofcontrollingnervesignalswithultrasoundisabrand-newfield.”8.Whatdoscientistsexpectofthenewapplicationofultrasound?A.It'llbeappliedinmedicalimagingB.It'llbeusedtoactivatenervestotreatdisease.C.It’llbeappliedinspleentransplantation.D.It'llbeemployedtorebuildimmunesystem.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminished"inparagraph2mean?A.Complicated. B.Worsened.C.Decreased. D.Associated.10.WhatistheconcernofDeniseBellinger?A.Sideeffect. B.Timelength.C.Theprocedure. D.Thecost.11.Whatismostlikelythenextstepofthestudy?A.Assessingthetreatment'ssafetyonhumans.B.Activatingnervesingeneralwithultrasound.C.Exploringtheuseofultrasoundonthebrain.D.Controllingnervesignalswithultrasound.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们研究用超声波刺激神经来治疗关节炎等疾病。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ultrasound（超声）isusedwidelyinmedicalimaging,butinrecentyearsscientistshavestarteddevelopingitforanotheruse:stimulatingnervestotreatdisease.”可知，超声波在医学成像中有着广泛的应用，但近年来科学家们开始将其用于另一个用途：刺激神经来治疗疾病，也就是说科学家们期望用超声波刺激神经来治疗疾病，故B项正确。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Intwonewstudiesinmice,researchersfocusedthesoundwavesonnervesinthespleen（脾）thatcommunicatewiththeimmunesystem,reducingsymptoms.”可知，在两项针对小白鼠的新研究中，研究人员将声波聚焦在脾脏与免疫系统沟通的神经上，从而减轻症状，再结合画线词后的“Inanotherstudy,researchersattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheircolleaguesreducessymptomsofarthritisinmicebystimulatingtheirspleennervesfor20minuteseverydayforaweek.”可知，在另一项研究中，明尼苏达大学的研究人员和他们的同事通过一周内每天刺激小白鼠的脾脏神经20分钟来减轻关节炎的症状，因此画线词词义与“reduces”相近，此处是说在一项研究中，接受几分钟脾脏神经超声波治疗的小白鼠的症状有所减轻，由此可知画线词词义为“减轻”，故C项正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Littleisknownabouthowrepeatedultrasoundaffectsthespleenorwhetherithasotherharmfuleffects,”saysneuroscientistDeniseBellingerofLomaLindaUniversity”可知，洛马琳达大学的神经科学家丹尼斯·贝林格说：“对于重复超声波如何影响脾脏，或者它是否有其他有害影响，我们知之甚少”，由此可知，丹尼斯·贝林格担心的是这种治疗方法的副作用，故A项正确、【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的““neuroscientistKevinTraceysays,“Buttheideaofcontrollingnervesignalswithultrasoundisabrand-newfield.””可知，神经科学家凯文·特雷西说，“但是用超声波控制神经信号的想法是一个全新的领域”，由此可知，科学家们下一步可能会研究用超声波来控制神经信号，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇第2题词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住研究人员的研究方法是关键，根据第一段中的“Intwonewstudiesinmice,researchersfocusedthesoundwavesonnervesinthespleen（脾）thatcommunicatewiththeimmunesystem,reducingsymptoms.”可知，在两项针对小白鼠的新研究中，研究人员将声波聚焦在脾脏与免疫系统沟通的神经上，从而减轻症状，再结合画线词后的“Inanotherstudy,researchersattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheircolleaguesreducessymptomsofarthritisinmicebystimulatingtheirspleennervesfor20minuteseverydayforaweek.”可知，在另一项研究中，明尼苏达大学的研究人员和他们的同事通过一周内每天刺激小白鼠的脾脏神经20分钟来减轻关节炎的症状，因此画线词词义与“reduces”相近，此处是说在一项研究中，接受几分钟脾脏神经超声波治疗的小白鼠的症状有所减轻，由此可知画线词词义为“减轻”，故C项正确。DWhenyoudrinkaglassofwaterortakeashower,thinkofglaciers.Why?Glacierscontainatleast75percentofEarth’sfreshwater－muchmorethanallourplanet’slakesandriverscombined.Glaciersgrowbyaddinganewlayerofsnoweachyear.It’seasyforscientiststoseetheannuallayersinanicecorebylightingitfrombeneath.Theycanthencountthelayerstodeterminetheageofanysection…muchlikeyoucancounttreeringstodetermineatree’sage.Glaciersformbytheaccumulation,pressandrecrystallizationofsnow.Itrequiresveryspecificconditionsofclimateandgeography,whichmeansthattheyarefoundinorhighmountainregionswheresnowfallisheavyinwinter,temperaturesstaybelowfreezingforlongperiods,andsummersarecool.“Hot”ice!Isthatpossible?Actually,iceisoneofthehottestsolidsinexistence,foritisunsteadyandeasytomeltwhenheated.Glaciersarealwaysmoving,butbecauseiceishot,theylikeliquidsratherthansolids.Theyslideoverthegroundonmelt-water,averythinlayerofwaterfrommeltedice,and“creep”whentheiricylayersglideoveroneanotherbecauseoftheirweight.Differentpartsofthesameglacierslideorcreepatdifferentspeeds.Thecentermovesmorerapidlythanthesides;thesurfacemovesmorerapidlythanthebottom,becausethesidesandbottomarerestrictedbyfriction.Mostglaciersmoveseveralfeetperyear,whileothers“race”afewmiles.Unfortunately,glaciersareshrinkingthroughouttheworld.Meltingglacierswillraisesealevels,forcingpeopletomovefromlow-lyingareas.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph3?A.Thechangeofglaciers. B.Thepressofglaciers.C.Theaccumulationofglaciers. D.Theformingofglaciers.13.Whydowesaytheiceis“hot”?A.Becauseitkeepsslidingorcreeping. B.Becauseitisclosetoitsmeltingpoint.C.Becauseitabsorbstoomuchsunshine. D.Becausethesurroundingtemperatureislow.14.Whatishappeningtoglaciers?A.Theyarespreading. B.Theyaredisappearing.C.Theyarerising. D.Theyareracing.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.TheHistoryofGlaciers. B.TheDevelopmentofGlaciers.C.TheSecretsaboutGlaciers. D.TheDangerGlaciersarefacing.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于冰川的知识，冰川包含了地球上至少75%的淡水——比我们地球上所有的湖泊和河流加起来还要多。介绍了如何计算冰层的年龄以及冰川是如何形成的等相关知识。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文Glaciersformbytheaccumulation,pressandrecrystallizationofsnow.可知冰川是由雪的堆积、挤压和再结晶形成的。即冰川的行程需要非常特殊的气候和地理条件，这意味着它们生长在冬季降雪多、气温长时间低于冰点、夏季凉爽的高山地区。由此可知，it指代“冰川的形成”。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Actually,iceisoneofthehottestsolidsinexistence,foritisunsteadyandeasytomeltwhenheated.Glaciersarealwaysmoving,butbecauseiceishot,theylikeliquidsratherthansolids.可知其实，冰是最热的固体之一，因为它不稳定，受热后容易融化。冰川总是在移动，但因为冰是热的，所以它们喜欢液体而不是固体。由此可推知，我们说冰是热的，是因为冰接近它的熔点。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Unfortunately,glaciersareshrinkingthroughouttheworld.Meltingglacierswillraisesealevels,forcingpeopletomovefromlow-lyingareas.可知不幸的是，全世界的冰川正在缩小。冰川融化将使海平面上升，迫使人们从低洼地区迁移。由此可知，冰川正在消失。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Whenyoudrinkaglassofwaterortakeashower,thinkofglaciers.Why?Glacierscontainatleast75percentofEarth’sfreshwater－muchmorethanallourplanet’slakesandriverscombined.可知当你喝一杯水或洗澡时，想想冰川。为什么？冰川包含了地球上至少75%的淡水——比我们地球上所有的湖泊和河流加起来还要多。结合文章主要介绍了关于冰川的知识，介绍了如何计算冰层的年龄以及冰川是如何形成的等相关知识。由此可知，C选项“冰川的秘密”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eachsummer,CraigStihlerandJackWallace,scientistsforthestateofWestVirginiahiketoPeacockCavetocountVirginiabig-earedbats.___16___.Theywanttoseeifthenumberofbatsisgoingupordown.Iwastheretolearnaboutthebatsformybook.AfterwearrivedatthesmallentrancetoPeacockCave,CraigandJackunpackedtheirequipment.Cralesaid,“___17___.Hibernating(冬眠)batsmaybeawakenedandflyaroundandburnupthefatthey'vestoredintheirbodies.Withoutthatfoodsupply,theymightnotliveuntilspringwhentheycaneatinsectsagain.Andbatmothersmaydroptheirbabies.“Asnightsettledin，theysetupanight-visionscope(观察仪器）.___18___.Theyalsosetuparadio-likebatdetectoroutsidethecave.Itpicksupbatsoundsthatourearscan’thear.Forthenexttwohours,Craigcountedthebatsbyspeakingintoahandheldvoicerecordereachtimefivebatsflewoutofthecave.Bythetimethelastbatleftthecaveatabout10:30p.m.,CraigandJackhadcounted1,242bats!___19___.CraigexplainedthatwhenthefirstcountwastakenatPeacockCavein1983,therewereonly160Virginiabig-earedbats.Projectstohelpprotectbatshavehelpedthebatsmakearemarkablecomeback.TodaythetotalnumberofVirginiabig-earedbatstherearemorethan25,000.___20___.Theywillcontinuetoneedhuman’shelpiftheyaregoingtosurviveintothefuture.A.Whydotheydoso?B.Itallowsthemtoseethebatsindarkness.C.Virginiabig-earedbatsaremedium-sized.D.Batsareimportantbecausetheyeatinsects.E.Theywanttocatchsomebatsfortheirresearch.F.Batslivingincavescansufferifdisturbedbypeople.G.ThatwasthemostCraigandJackhadevercountedthere.【答案】16.A17.F18.B19.G20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者跟随科研人员去山洞里统计一种蝙蝠的数量，了解到近年来由于受到人类的保护蝙蝠的数量有所回升。【16题详解】空白前句指明了科学家们每年夏天会去统计蝙蝠的数量，后句则交代了这样做的意图，A选项“他们为什么要这么做呢？”承上启下，语义通顺。故选A项。【17题详解】空白处是Crale准备进洞穴进行观测之前说的一句话，下文继续说明如果蝙蝠冬眠被吵醒可能导致的一些不良后果，也就是在提醒最好不要打搅、惊扰蝙蝠，F选项“住在洞穴里的蝙蝠如果被人打搅会遭受不好的结果”符合文意。故选F项。【18题详解】空白前句指出科研人员架设了夜视的观察仪器，B选项“这使得他们能在黑暗中看到蝙蝠”解释了仪器的作用，符合文意。与接下来两句的行文结构是一致的。故选B项。【19题详解】空白前句用感叹号强调了观察到的蝙蝠数量之多，后句也在解释蝙蝠数量在人们的帮助下逐渐回升。G选项“这是Craig和Jack在那里统计过蝙蝠数量最多的一次”上下连贯，符合文意。故选G项。【20题详解】空白处置于最后一段末尾，后句表明只有在人类的帮助下蝙蝠才能继续存活，这里they就指代蝙蝠，而D选项“蝙蝠吃昆虫所以它们很重要”就以蝙蝠为主语，强调其重要性，逻辑和结构上都符合要求。故选D项。【点睛】七选五题型主要考查考生对文章的整体理解和掌握情况，相当于阅读理解和完形填空的综合。它不仅需要阅读速度，还要对文章的结构、主旨、写作意图、观点都有所了解。主要考点包括：1.考查主题句，也就是考查对文章整体内容的概括能力；2考查上下文衔接，即考查文章的过渡部分；3考查中心句，需要考生学会归纳段落大意。拿到题目时，应该先确定出题位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。针对不同设空位置选择不同的策略就能事半功倍。第3小题就是一个典型例子，前句+空白处的句子的结构与接下来的两句话结构是完全一致的（因其句中有also一词），先描述现象再解释原因，据此就可以推断出正确答案。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。2-year-oldTruettPalmerwasborninMissouri,withageneticdisorderandaninborn(先天的)____21____disease.Hehas____22____frommorethanadozensurgeries,includingthreeopenheartsurgeriesandahearttransplant.OnethingTruett____23____duringhismostrecenthospitalstaywasweeklyvisitsfromatherapydognamedZuri.ThedogwasaGoldendoodlewithcurlyhairanditwasjustkindof____24____.Truetthassensoryissuesandhe____25____anyonetouchinghisfeet,butwithZuri,hewouldjustrunhisfeetthroughherfur.WhenTruettwaswithZuri,itseemedtheworlddidn't____26____.AfterTruettleftthehospital,hismomDaniellebegan____27____gettingaGoldendooleforhim,butfoundthebreed(品种)especially____28____.“Financially,goingthroughatransplantandhospitalstay,itwasn’tgoingtoworkoutinour____29____,”shesaid.Danielle______30______Truett’sstoryanddreamonFacebook,hopingtherewouldbeamiracle.InSeattle,Gray,anursingstudent,livedaloneonseveralacressurroundedonlybyherdogs.OneofGray’sbeloveddogjusthadpuppiesandshe’dloveto______31______onechildwithspecialneedsa(n)______32______friendintimeforChristmas.Whenshe______33______Truett’sstory,sheknewhewouldbethenew______34______ofthepuppy.“He’sgot______35______morethanIcouldpossiblyimagine.Seeinghowstrongheisandhowpositivehisfamilyisaboutthatall,Iamdeeplymoved.”Graysaid.Followinga(n)______36______effortbyGrayandthePalmerfamilytotransportZeda______37______statelines,theGoldendoodlepuppywasinTruett'sarmsjustintimeforChristmasmorning.“Hewassoexcited,”Daniellesaid.“Youcouldjustseethe______38______onhisfacethemomentshe’splacedonhislap.He’sjustsohappyand______39______herhisbaby.They’rejustbestfriends.”Truettisnowontheroadtogoodhealthand______40______tohistransplantedheartwell.Daniellesaysshehopestheirstorywillencourageotherstoconsiderorgandonation.21.A.lung B.heart C.kidney D.eye22.A.experienced B.undergone C.resulted D.suffered23.A.tookpartin B.turneddown C.lookforwardto D.dealtwith24.A.different B.patient C.gentle D.helpful25.A.dislikes B.enjoys C.disapproves D.keeps26.A.appear B.exist C.change D.stop27.A.planning B.arranging C.considering D.permitting28.A.expensive B.affordable C.economic D.modest29.A.schedule B.hospital C.background D.budget30.A.reported B.focused C.posted D.found31.A.gift B.sell C.buy D.meet32.A.novel B.furry C.old D.certain33.A.tookdown B.lookedfor C.comparedwith D.cameacross34.A.shelter B.guide C.owner D.employee35.A.along B.through C.away D.down36.A.worried B.accepted C.thrilled D.combined37.A.on B.beneath C.into D.across38.A.shock B.disgust C.joy D.sorrow39.A.told B.called C.explained D.claimed40.A.adjusting B.devoting C.referring D.using【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.B27.C28.A29.D30.C31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B36.D37.D38.C39.B40.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两岁的孩子TruettPalmer在心脏移植手术治疗的过程中，十分喜欢治疗犬Zuri。出院后，在他的家人的努力和西雅图的学生，Gray的帮助下，他得到了一只可爱的小狗作为圣诞礼物。目前Truett正在逐渐康复，他的母亲希望这个感人的故事会鼓励更多的人考虑器官捐赠。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2岁的TruettPalmer出生于Missouri，患有遗传疾病和先天性心脏病。A.lung肺；B.heart心脏；C.kidney肾脏；D.eye眼睛。根据下文“threeopenheartsurgeriesandahearttransplant”可知他患有先天性心脏病。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他遭受了十多次手术，包括三次心脏开胸手术和一次心脏移植手术。A.experienced经历；B.undergone经历；经受；C.resulted产生；D.suffered遭受。短语suffersfrom意为“受苦；受折磨”，根据该空后的from可知，选D。如果空后没有from，则A、B项均正确。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在他最近住院期间，Truett期盼的一件事是一只名叫Zuri的治疗犬的、每周一次的来访。A.tookpartin参加；B.turneddown拒绝；C.lookforwardto期盼；D.dealtwith处理。由下文“AfterTruettleftthehospital,hismomDaniellebegan____7____gettingaGoldendooleforhim”可知，Truett非常喜欢治疗犬Zuri，所以是盼望。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只狗是一只黄金贵宾犬，有着卷卷的毛，它就是那么地不同。A.different不同的；B.patient耐性的；C.gentle温和的；D.helpful有帮助的。由下文“Truetthassensoryissuesandhe____5____anyonetouchinghisfeet,butwithZuri,hewouldjustrunhisfeetthroughherfur.”可知，Truett不喜欢别人碰他的脚，但他会用脚和Zuri的皮毛接触玩耍，因此Zuri是不同的。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Truett有感官方面的问题，他不喜欢任何人碰他的脚。A.dislikes不喜欢；B.enjoys享受；C.disapproves不赞成；D.keeps保持。根据前文“Truetthassensoryissues”以及后文“butwithZuri,hewouldjustrunhisfeetthroughherfur”中的but可知，此处是不喜欢别人碰他的脚。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Truett与Zuri在一起的时候，仿佛世界（其他人或物）都不存在。A.appear出现；B.exist存在；C.change改变；D.stop停止。根据语境，此处的描写是表达Truett对Zuri的喜爱，因此Truett的眼里只有Zuri。其他三项不符合语境。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Truett离开医院以后，他的母亲Danielle开始考虑给他买一只黄金贵宾犬，但是发现这个品种特别贵。A.planning计划；B.arranging安排；C.considering考虑；D.permitting允许。plan和arrange后接todo不定式；C项considerdoing意为“考虑做某事”；D项permitdoing意为“允许做某事”。由上文可知，Truett非常喜欢那只黄金贵宾犬，因此出院后，他的母亲想给他买一条。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Truett离开医院以后，他的母亲Danielle开始考虑给他买一只黄金贵宾犬，但是发现这个品种特别贵。A.expensive昂贵的；B.affordable负得起的；C.economic经济的；D.modest谦虚的。上文提到他的母亲Danielle开始考虑给他买一只黄金贵宾犬，but表转折关系，但是他们买不起。由此可知，此空表示这个品种的狗狗价格昂贵。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“经济上，经历了移植手术和住院，这在我们的预算中是行不通的。”A.schedule时刻表；B.hospital医院；C.background背景；D.budget预算。由上文可知黄金贵宾犬价格昂贵，再加上因为前期手术和治疗的花费，可知买狗是超出家庭预算的。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Danielle把Truett的故事和愿望发布在了Facebook社交平台上，期待有奇迹出现。A.reported报道；B.focused聚焦；集中；C.posted发布；D.found发现。由下文“Truett'storyanddreamonFacebook”可知，是在Facebook发布了Truett的故事和愿望。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gray的一只心爱的狗刚刚生了小狗，她想赶在在圣诞节的时候送给一个有特殊需要的孩子一个毛茸茸的朋友。A.gift赠送；B.sell出售；C.buy购买；D.meet遇见。此空填动词，后接双宾语，分别是onechild和a(n)____12____friend，因此排除B、C、D。短语giftsb.sth.意为“将某物赠送给某人”，符合语境。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gray的一只心爱的狗刚刚生了小狗，她想在圣诞节的时候送给一个有特殊需要的孩子一只毛茸茸的朋友。A.novel新奇的；B.furry毛茸茸的；C.old年老的；D.certain必然的。联系上文，她心爱的狗狗刚生了小狗，可知，此处的a(n)____12____friend指的是一只毛茸茸的小狗。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她（在Facebook）偶然看到Truett的故事时，她知道Truett将会是这只小狗的新主人。A.tookdown记下；B.lookedfor寻找；C.comparedwith与…相比；D.cameacross偶然发现。由下文关键词“Truett’sstory”，联系上文：Danielle把Truett的故事和愿望发布在Facebook上可知，Gray是偶然发现的。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她在Facebook偶然看到Truett的故事时，她知道Truett将会是这只小狗的新主人。A.shelter避难所；B.guide指导者；C.owner主人；D.employee雇员。由上文可知，Gray打算在圣诞节的时候送出一只小狗，即给小狗找一个主人。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他所经历（痛苦）不是我能想象到的。A.(get)along相处、进展；B.(get)through度过，熬过（困难或不快的时期）；C.(get)away离开，脱身，逃脱，外出度假；D.(get)down下来，吞下，写下，使沮丧。根据下文“Seeinghowstrongheisandhowpositivehisfamilyisaboutthatall,lamdeeplymoved.”Graysaid.”可知，Gray指的是Truett的治疗经历是她难以想象到的。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Gray和Palmer一家人的共同努力下，运送这条小狗穿越了州际边界线，这只黄金贵宾犬幼崽正好赶在圣诞节的清晨到了Truett怀中。A.worried担心的；B.accepted公认的；C.thrilled非常兴奋的；D.combined联合的。由下文“effortbyGrayandthePalmerfamily”可知，是双方共同的努力。故选D。【37题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在Gray和Palmer一家人的共同努力下，运送这条小狗穿越了州际边界线，这只黄金贵宾犬幼崽正好赶在圣诞节的清晨到了Truett怀中。A.on在……上；B.beneath在……的下；C.into在……里；D.across穿过。由上文可知G