九年级英语定语从句详解

AttributiveClause定语从句一、定语的定义定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质和特征的。MarkTwainisafamouswriter.YaoMingisabasketballplayer.IhavereadabookcalledJourneytotheWest.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?Shewonthreetoysinthesingingcompetition.TheseareTom’spens.(形容词作定语)(名词作定语)(过去分词作定语)(不定式作定语)(现在分词作定语)(名词所有格作定语)(数词作定语)修饰名词或代词定语She'sagoodbasketballplayer.What'syourname?Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.找出定语Some

people

forgot

tosweepthefloor.

A

B

C

DTheman

downstairs

was

tryingtosleep.

A

B

C

D

定语可以用以下表示：1.It’saredcar.()2.Theyliveintheroomabove.()3.Mybrotherisateacher.()4.Webelongtothethird

world.()5.Lucy’s

fatherisapoorworker.()6.Mothermadeabirthday

cakeforme.()7.Themanunderthetreeismyteacher.()8.The

swimmingboyismybrother./9.Theboyswimmingintheriverismybrother.()10.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.()

形容词副词代词数词名词所有格名词介词短语现在分词从句二、定语从句的定义一个句子作定语修饰名词或代词。Thisisthefilm.Thefilmisaboutadog.Thisisthefilmthatisaboutadog.Ilikethemusic.Icandancetothemusic.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.Thegirlismysister.Thegirlistalkingwithyou.Thegirl

whoistalkingwithyouismysister.先行词定语从句(关系词)先行词定语从句(关系词)定语从句先行词(关系词)二一个句子作定语修饰名词或代词。三、定语从句两要素：先行词：关系词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。是引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：关系副词：that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,why,where关系词通常有三个作用：①引导定语从句②代替先行词③在定语从句中担当一个成分Thisisthefilmthatisaboutadog.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.Thegirlwhoistalkingwithyouismysister.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,that，whoseWhere,when,why四.关系词的用法：1.当先行词是物时，用which或that引导。Thefactorythat/whichisnewhasbeentakendown.Thedictionarythat/whichhasmorethan2,000wordsisveryuseful.Thefactoryisnew.Thefactoryhasbeentakendown.Thedictionaryhasmorethan2,000words.Thedictionaryisveryuseful.Therabbitthat/whichhasbigearsissocute.Therabbitissocute.Therabbithasbigears.(当关系词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。)词形先行词在句中作用关系代词that人或物主,宾语which物主,宾语who人主,宾语whom人宾语whose人或物定语1.当先行词是物时，用which或that引导。Theschoolthat/whichwevisitedbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.(当关系词在从句中作宾语时，可省略。)Wevisitedtheschool.Theschoolbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.Ihavealreadyreadthebookthat/whichyoubought.Thetreesthat/whichweplantedaregrowing.Youboughtabook.Ihavealreadyreadthebook.Weplantedtrees.Thetreesaregrowing.2.当先行词是人时，用who,whom或that引导。Maryisagirlwho/thathaslonghair.Maryisagirl.Shehaslonghair.Theyarestudentswho/thatlikesports.Theyarestudents.Theylikesports.Thewomanwho/thatwearsaredhatismyaunt.Thewomanismyaunt.Shewearsaredhat.Jennywho/thathasgonetoJapanisn’tmystudent.Jennyisn’tmystudent.ShehasgonetoJapan.(当关系词在从句中作主语时，关系词用who或that。不能省略)2.当先行词是人时，用who,whom或that引导。Bobbyistheboywhom/that/whoIlike.Bobbyistheboy.Iliketheboy.Thegirlwhom/that/whoLilyhasknownfor2yearscomesfromIndia.ThegirlcomesfromIndia.Lilyhasknownherfor2years.Theworkerswhom/that/whowevisitedyesterdayneedmoremoney.Theworkerneedmoremoney.Wevisitedtheworkersyesterday.(当关系词在从句中作宾语时，关系词用whom,that或who。可以省略)3.当先行词是形物代或名词所有格时，用whose引导。ThegirlwhoseEnglishisquitegoodlikesmakingfriends.Thegirllikesmakingfriends.HerEnglishisquitegood.Lindawhosehairislonghasreadthebook.Thatcutebabywhoseshoesarenewismysong.Lindahasreadthebook.Herhairislong.Thatcutebabyismyson.Hisshoesarenew.Thedogwhoseownerisadoctorcancatchtheball.Thedogcancatchtheball.Thedog’sownerisadoctor.4.当先行词是地点时，用where引导。ThisisthehospitalwhereJackwasborn.Thisisthehospital.Jackwasborninthehospital.IalwaysmisstheschoolwhereIstudied3yearsago.Welovetheplacewherepeoplearefriendly.Ialwaysmisstheschool.Istudiedintheschool3yearsago.Welovetheplace.Peoplearefriendlythere.Haveyoueverbeentothecountrywheremenwearskirts.Haveyoueverbeentothecountry?Menwearskirtsinthecountry.5.当先行词是时间时，用when引导。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmet.I’llneverforgettheday.Wefirstmetonthatday.Canyouremembertheyearwhenwebecamefriends.Thestoryhappenedonthatdaywhenhewasborn.Canyouremembertheyear?Webecamefriendthatyear.Thestoryhappenedonthatday.Hewasbornonthatday.TheyearwhenIfellinlovewithBobbyisthegreatestyearinmylife.Theyearisthegreatestyearinmylife.IfellinlovewithBobby.6.当先行词是原因时，用why引导。Hedidn’ttellmenthereasonwhyshewasunhappy.他没有告诉我她不高兴的原因。Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.ThatisthereasonwhyIdon’twanttogo.我不知道他迟到的原因。这就是我不想去的原因。1.

The

magazine

is

mine.

He

has

taken

it

away.

2.

The

boy

is

my

brother.

He

was

here

a

minute

ago.

3.

The

letter

is

from

my

sister.

I

received

it

yesterday.

4.

I

want

to

talk

to

the

boys.

Their

homework

haven’t

been

handed

in.5.

The

train

was

late.

It

was

going

to

Nanning.

6.Mr.Smithisateacher.Heisverystrict.

7.

Is

that

the

woman?

Her

daughter

is

in

my

class.

8.

They

passed

a

factory.

There

were

manymachinesinthefactory.

合并句子：特殊情况：只能用that1.当先行词有序数词或最高级修饰时。Maryisthefirstgirl_____gottothetop.Tomisthecleverestboy______Ihaveeverknown.2.当先行词是指物的不定代词时。Isthereanything_____Icandoforyou?Ihaveknowneverything_____isaboutthetruth.something,anything,nothing,anything等3.当先行词被all,no,some,any,little,few,much修饰时。Iwrotedownall____teachershaven’ttoldme.Theydidn’teatanyofthefood____hasleft.thatthatthatthatthatthat特殊情况：只能用that4.当先行词有theone,thelast,thevery修饰时。Graceisthelastperson_____hesaw.Youcanchoosetheone____youlike.5.当先行词即有人又有物时。Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethings____weareinterestedin.Theteacherandhisbook_____Iheardhavemadegreatsuccess.6.在therebe句型中，当先行词是指物时。Therearemanybooks____Ihaveneverread.Thereisahouse____wasbuiltbythelake.thatthatthatthatthatthatIsthereanyone______hasaredpen?Theones______wearuniformsarefromourschool.特殊情况：只能用that7.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句时。Whoistheboy_____isstandingnearthewindow?Whichisthebestmovie____youhavewatchedbefore?Thepeople______wearjeansarenotallowedtocome.thatthatwho特殊情况：只能用that多用who,不用that1.当先行词是anyone,someone,one,ones等指人时。who2.当先行词是people,those,he等。who※判断关系词：Thisisthehouse_______Ilive.Thisisthehouse_______Ilike.Icanremembertheday_______Imetyou.Icanremembertheday_______Ispentwithyou.Wedon’tknowthereason_____shedidn’tcome.Wedon’tknowthereason_____shedidn’ttellus.wherethatwhenthatwhythat注意关系代词在定语从句中做主语，

指人或指物，不能省掉，做宾语，指人或指物，可以省。当先行词是不定代词时，关系词只能用that。※当关系词是when,why,where时，可以把关系词换为“介词+which”结构The

time

______we

got

together

finally

came.The

reason

______

he

refused

the

invitation

is

not

clear.

Great

changes

have

taken

place

in

the

city

_______

I

was

born.

Iwillremembertheday_____wemet.Theschool______Istudiedisstillthere.when=atwhichwhy=forwhichwhere=inwhichwhen=onwhichwhere=inw