河南省南阳市高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）

河南省南阳市2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）说明:1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题,满分100分)和第II卷(非选择题,满分50分)两部分.2.将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处,否则不得分.满分150分,考试时间120分钟.第I卷第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍。isthewomanlookingfor?A.Hersportsbag.B.Herwoodtools.C.Herkneeprotectors.2.Whatcardoesthemansuggestthewomanbuy?A.ATeslaX.B.ABMW.C.AToyota.3.Whydoesthewomanthinktheteamwillwinthegame?A.Becauseofthecoach.B.Becauseoftheplayers.C.Becauseoftheteamwork.4.WhatwillthespeakersdothisSaturdayevening?A.Eatout.B.Dohousework.C.Playping-pong.5.Whatwillthemandotogethome?A.Usethebridge.B.Avoidthecity.C.DriveonMainStreet.第二节听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料,回答第6,7题。6.WhatdidthewomanlikeaboutIreland?A.Theweather.B.Thelocalpeople.C.Thecostoftravel.7.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Goodfriends.B.Familymembers.C.Guideandtourist.听第7段材料,回答第8,9题。8.Whatlanguageisthemanlearning?A.English.B.French.C.Italian.9.Whatkindofbooksdoesthewomanprefertoread?A.Historybooks.B.Fairytales.C.Fiction.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemansayaboutelectricenergy?A.It’scheaper.B.Itpollutesless.C.It’smoreconvenient.11.Whichcountryhasthemostelectriccarsaccordingtotheman?A.Germany.B.China.C.Japan.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkwillhappenby2050?A.Everyonewillusepublictransport.B.Therewillbebicycleseverywhere.C.Electriccarswillreplacegascars.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Attheman’soffice.14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Businessplans.B.Fashiondesign.C.Dailymeals.15.Howmanymorechefswillthespeakersprobablyhirethisyear?A.8.B.11.C.20.16.Whatistheman’smainconcernaboutthenewrestaurants?A.Locations.B.Foodquality.C.Staffuniforms.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.HowlongdidthespeakerstayinFrance?A.Fortwoweeks.B.Fortwomonths.C.Fortwoyears.18.WhydidthespeakergotoFrance?A.Tostudy.B.Totravel.C.Towork.19.WhathadthespeakerlearnedaboutbeforehewenttoFrance?A.Itshistory.B.Itspeople.C.Itslanguage.20.Howdoesthespeakersoundattheendofthetalk?A.Sad.B.Nervous.C.Positive.第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项.ATheMegage14+PG-2018113minutesParentsneedtoknowthatTheMegisanactionmovieaboutabigprehistoricsharkandateamofheroesledbyJasonStathamtryingtostopit.Violenceissurelythebiggestmatterhere:Manycharactersdie,andthere’ssomeblood.Sharkfansarelikelytobeinterested,butbewarned:It’sslowandlacksrealfears.HopeSpringsEternalage10+PG201888minutesParentsneedtoknowthatHopeSpringsEternalisadramedy(情景喜剧)aboutateenagernamedHopewho’sbeenlivingwithterminal(晚期的)cancerforyearsandthendiscoversshe’srecovering.Butshepretendstostillbesicktokeeptheidentityandspecialconsiderationshe’sbecomeusedto.Hopesurelyacceptstheresultsofherdishonestyandlearnshowluckysheistobeabletoplanforafuturesheneverthoughtshe’dhave.DogDaysage12+PG2018112minutesParentsneedtoknowthatDogDaysisacomedy(喜剧)aboutpeopleinL.A.whoselivesareimprovedbydogs.Someofthestorylinesaresweet,suchasanewfamilybeingformedthroughadoption(收养)andthedevelopmentofanintergenerationalfriendship.Andwhilethefilmisfullofsmiles,theremaybesomesadsobs(啜泣),too,sinceadogdies.1.WhatdoesJasonStathamdoinTheMeg?A.Heleadssomeheroestostopaprehistoricshark.B.Hedoessomeresearchonabigprehistoricshark.C.Heshootsanactionmovieandmeetsalargeshark.D.Heleadsateamofheroestoprotectaprehistoricshark.2.HowdoesHopetrytokeepheridentityasapatient?A.Shetellsothersthatsheisrecovering. B.Shecheatsothersthatsheisstillsick.C.Sheplansabrighterfutureforherself. D.Shetriestocureherselfofthecancer.3.WhydothepeopleinthefilmDogDayscry?A.Anewfamilyisformed. B.Theyfacealifeofadoption.C.Theydon’tliketheirnewfriends. D.Oneoftheirlovelydogslosesitslife.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章向观众介绍了三部影片的具体信息。

【1题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的“inTheMeg”可将此题定位在第一段第一句“TheMegisanactionmovieaboutabigprehistoricsharkandateamofheroesledbyJasonStathamtryingtostopit.”。句意为“《巨齿鲨》是一部动作影片,讲的是一头巨大的史前鲨鱼和一个由JasonStatham带领的英雄团队努力阻止它的故事。”据此可知，在这部影片中,Jason率领一群勇士努力阻止了一头巨大的史前鲨鱼。A项符合文意。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。文章介绍的第二部影片中的第二句中“Butshepretendstostillbesicktokeeptheidentityandspecialconsiderationshe’sbecomeusedto.”提到，她为了保持自己的身份假装自己仍然病着，来继续享受自己已经习惯了的特殊待遇。B项意为“她说她还病着，来欺骗别人”。B项符合文意。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。此题问的是影片中人们哭泣的原因，而A、B项中的事情是令人愉快的，故排除。C项在文中并没有明显的信息提示，亦可排除。根据第三部影片介绍中的最后一句“theremaybesomesadsobs(啜泣),too,sinceadogdies.”可知,也可能会有一些悲伤的呜咽，因为一只狗死了。故选D项。BShawnDromgooleisa29-year-oldblackmanwhohaslivedinthesameneighborhoodhisentirelife.Hisfamilyhasbeenintheneighborhoodfor54years.ButDromgoolesaidthatsincehewasachild,hefeltanuneaseinhishometown,stronglyawarethatfewpeoplelookedlikehim.“Growingupinmyneighborhood,Icouldalwaysfeeltheeyes,thelooksandthecarsslowingdownastheypassedbyme,”saidDromgoole,whowasrecentlytoldtostayawayfromhisjobtemporarilybecauseoftheepidemic(疫情).Asayoungman,Dromgoolewatchedfromhiswindowastheneighborhoodgraduallychangedbeforehiseyes:Blackfamiliesmovedoutandwhitefamiliesmovedin.Witheachpassingyear,hefeltmoreandmoreunwelcome,hesaid.ThosefeelingsgrewinrecentweekswhenheheardaboutAhmaudArbery,ablackmanwhowasoutjogginginGeorgiawhenhewasshottodeath,andthenGeorgeFloyd,ablackmankilledwhileinpolicecustody(羁押)inMinneapolis.“Whathappenedtothesemencouldeasilyhappentome,”saidDromgoole.“Ibecamescaredtowalkpastmyporch.”TherewerealsofrequentpostingsonNextdoor,anappthatconnectsneighbors,warningresidentstolookoutfor“suspiciousblackmen,”hesaid.Filledwithfear,DromgooletooktoFacebookandNextdoor,decidingtofinallysharehisownpost.“Yesterday,Iwantedtowalkaroundmyneighborhoodbutthefearofnotreturninghometomyfamilyalivekeptmeonmyfrontporch,”hewrote.Unexpectedly,responsesfromhiscommunitystartedpouringin.Neighbors,noneofwhomDromgoolehadeverspokenwith,askediftheycouldjoinhimonawalk.“Neighbor,afterneighbor,afterneighborstartedreachingout,tellingmetheywantedtowalkwithme,”hesaid.LastThursdayafternoon,Dromgoolenotifiedhisneighborsthathewasgoingforawalkat6p.m,andanyonewhowantedtojoinhimwaswelcome.Dromgooletiedhisshoes,ventured(冒险)offhisporchandwalkedtothemeetingspotinanearbyparkinglot.Therehefound75peoplewaitingforhim.4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Dromgoolelivesinthesameneighborhoodforalongtime.B.Dromgoolewasoutofworkrecentlyathisadvancedage.C.Dromgoolefeltanxiousandunwelcomeinhishometown.D.Dromgoole’sneighborhoodhaschangedalotbeforehiseyes.5.WhatdoestheauthormeanbymentioningthetwothingsinParagraph4?A.Theracialdiscrimination(歧视)isinexistenceinDromgool’scountry.B.PeoplewhowereoutjogginginGeorgiaislikelytobeshot.C.ThepoliceinMinneapolishasnorighttokillpeople.D.ThehumanrightsshouldberespectedinDromgool’scountry.6.DromgoolesharedhisownpostonFacebookandNextdoorto_________.A.persuadehisneighborstowalkwithhimB.showhiswilltomakefriendswithothersC.expresshisfearofprobablybeinghurtD.promotethedevelopmentofhiscommunity7.Whatdoyouthinktheauthor’sfeelingisafterhefound75peoplewaitingforhim?A.amazed B.frightenedC.puzzled D.indifferent【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了疫情期间，黑人男子ShawnDromgoole因为对黑人的种族歧视而不敢出门。在他在社交网站上分享了自己的心情之后，他的邻居纷纷问他是否可以和他一起散步。最后ShawnDromgoole决定出门“冒险”，他在网站上发布了动态，邀请邻居与他一起散步。等他走到约定的地点时，他发现那里有75个人在等他。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“whowasrecentlytoldtostayawayfromhisjobtemporarybecauseoftheepidemic.”可知主人公不是失业在家，而是因为疫情被要求暂时离开工作,另外选项中athisadvancedage表示高龄,而文章第一段“ShawnDromgooleisa29-year-oldblackman”表明主人公年仅29岁，所以B项是错的。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ablackmanwhowasoutjogginginGeorgiawhenhewasshottodeath,andthenGeorgeFloyd,ablackmankilledwhileinpolicecustody(羁押)inMinneapolis.“Whathappenedtothesemencouldeasilyhappentome,”saidDromgoole.“Ibecamescaredtowalkpastmyporch.”可知作者在第四段提到一位黑人在外出慢跑时被射杀,另一位黑人在警察羁押时被杀害,从Dromgoole的话中，可知这加剧了身为黑人的他对自身安全的担忧和对外出的恐惧。这些都充分显示了Dromgoole所在的国家一直都存在着种族歧视。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Filledwithfear,DromgooletooktoFacebookandNextdoor,decidingtofinallysharehisownpost.Yesterday,Iwantedtowalkaroundmyneighborhoodbutthefearofnotreturninghometomyfamilyalivekeptmeonmyfrontporch,”hewrote.”可知Dromgoole内心充满恐惧,便去Facebook和Nextdoor这两个网站发布了自己的动态,他写道“昨天，我想在我家附近走走，但害怕不能活着回家，我只好待在门廊上”。由此可知Dromgoole在Facebook和Nextdoor这两个网站发布了自己的动态是为了表达对自己可能会被伤害的恐惧，故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据上文“Filledwithfear,Dromgooletookto..tomyfamilyalivekeptmeonmyfrontporch,”hewrote.”可知Dromgoole因为种族歧视而对外出这件事感到担忧和恐惧,所以之后，他发现有75位邻居等着与他一起散步时，他应该是感到惊讶又开心的。故选A项。CInacountryknownforhigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms,theplightofstreethawkersmayseeminsignificant.ButinChinathesedays,peoplelikeShuiJin,anoldladyridingawoodencartfilledwithfruit,areinthespotlight.Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstandscanhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.Herfamilyneedsthemoney.Bothherdaughters-in-lawrecentlylosttheirjobs,amongthetensofmillionsinChinahurtbythecoronavirusoutbreak.Thegovernment’ssupportforstreethawkersissomethingofanabout-turn.ForyearsMunicipalauthoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthecolourfulchaosthatoncecharacterizedChina’scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtsboughtinsideshoppingmalls,notsoldfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.“Onlywhenthepeopleareingoodshapecanthenationbeingoodshape,”hesaid.Mr.Li’scomplimenthasproducedafeelingofexcitementabouttherevivalofChina’s“street-standeconomy”.Atleast27provincesandcitieshaveannouncedthattheywillcreatemarketsforhawkersor,insomecases,letthemmovetheirthingsbeingsoldontothepavementinfrontoftheirshops.TheshiningexampleisChengdu,abusyandnoisycityinSichuanprovinceinthesouth-west,wherebusinessesstartedsettingupstreetstandsinMarch.Thelocalgovernmentthereclaimsthatmorethan10000jobshavebeencreatedintheprocess.8.Accordingtothepassage,streethawkersinChinausedto_________.A.cleanthestreet B.beinthespotlightC.runashop D.begivenheavyfines9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“anabout-turn”inParagraph3?A.alocalgovernment B.acompletechangeC.agoodshape D.acleancity10.Whydidtheprimeministersaystreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy?A.Theycanmakefewjobscreatedfortheunemployedpeople.B.Theycanmakethepeopleandthenationingoodshape.C.TheycanmakepeoplelikeShuiJinsellingtheirfruit.D.Theycanmakethecitytidyandnoisy.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Chinaturnstoonce-bannedhawkerstoreviveitseconomy.B.China’sstreet-standeconomyhasalonghistory.C.Chinahashigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms.D.Chinaisnowfacedwithrisingunemployment.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了如今的中国，面对新冠状病毒导致的不断上升的失业率，官方鼓励地摊经济以此帮助解决普通百姓的经济问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.可知金水过去常常面临高额罚款的危险，如今她在苏州的狭窄小巷中慢慢穿行时，可能会更加自信地出售水果。由此可知，中国的街头小贩过去会被处以高额罚款。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文ForyearsMunicipal(市政的)authoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthecolourfulchaosthatoncecharacterizedChina'scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtsboughtinsideshoppingmalls,notsoldfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.可知多年来，市政当局把小贩赶出去，试图清理曾经是中国城市特色的五彩缤纷的混乱局面。以“文明”城市生活的名义，他们希望看到饺子、塑料玩具和T恤是在商场里买的，而不是在手推车后面卖。但在6月1日，总理李克强发出了改变的信号。他在烟台市的一个小吃摊前停下，宣称街头小贩和小商店对经济至关重要。由此可知，政府对街头小贩的支持有了彻底的转变。故划线短语意思为“彻底改变”。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.“Onlywhenthepeopleareingoodshapecanthenationbeingoodshape,”hesaid.可知但在6月1日，总理李克强发出了改变的信号。他在烟台市的一个小吃摊前停下，宣称街头小贩和小商店对经济至关重要。“只有人民健康，国家才能健康，”他说。由此可知，总理说街头小贩和小商店对经济至关重要，因为他们可以使人民和国家处于良好状态。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstandscanhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.可知面对不断上升的失业率，官员们得出结论，人行道上的摊位可以帮助解决经济问题。结合文章主要说如今的中国，面对新冠状病毒导致的不断上升的失业率，官方鼓励地摊经济以此帮助解决普通百姓的经济问题。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是中国转向曾经被禁止的小贩来振兴经济。故选A。DElephantsaretrulyincredibleanimals.August12isWorldElephantDaywhichmeanstohelpsaveelephants.Whatdoyouknowaboutelephants?Herearesomefactsyoumaynotknow.Weknowthatelephantsarelarge.Butdidyouknowthatelephantsoftenavoideatingatypeofacaciatree(金合欢树),becauseitishometoantsandanelephantdoesn’twanttogettheantsinsideitstrunk.Itstrunkisfullofsensitivenerveendings(敏感神经末梢).Femaleelephantsliveingroupsofabout15animals.Theoldestinthegroupistheleader.Shedecidesnotonlywhenandwheretheymovebutalsowhentheyrestalltheyear.Maleelephantsleavethefemalegroupsbetweenage12and15.Buttheyaren’tloners.Theyliveinall-malegroups.Asianelephantsdon’trun.Runningrequiresliftingallfourfeetatonce.ButelephantsfilmedinThailandalwayskeptatleasttwoonthegroundatalltimes.Elephantshavepassedthemirrortest.Theyrecognizethemselvesinamirror.Accordingtotests,greatapes(巨猿),anddolphins(海豚)alsohavethisability.Elephantscangetsunburnedsotheytakecaretoprotectthemselves.“Elephantswillthrowsandontheirbacksandontheirheadtokeepthemfromgettingsunburnedandtokeepbugsoff,”saidTonyBarthel,workingatSmithsonian’sNationalZoo.Howdoelephantsprotecttheiryoung?Adultelephantswillputtheminsandandthentheywillstandoverthelittleonesastheysleep.SomefarmersinKenyaprotecttheirfieldsfromelephantsbyliningtheborderswithbeehives(蜂巢).Notonlyaretheircropssaved,butthefarmersalsogetmoremoneyfromhoney.12.WorldElephantDayisdesignedto________.A.showsomefactsaboutelephants B.callonpeopletoprotectelephantsC.tellpeoplesomeanimalsareindanger D.introduceAsianelephantsfeatures13.Whyareelephantsnotwillingtoeatacaciatrees?A.Elephantsaresensitivetoacaciatrees.B.Acaciatreesaretootalltoreach.C.Fruitsontheacaciatreesarehardtoeat.D.Elephants’trunksareeasilyhurtbyantsinthetrees.14.Whatdoweinferaboutmaleelephants?A.Theylivewithfemaleelephantsatanearlyage.B.Theydecidewhenandwheretheirgroupsmove.C.Theiroldestmaleelephantischosenastheirleader.D.Theycanrunfasterthanfemaleelephants.15.Howdoelephantsprotecttheiryoungkids?A.Putsomesandonkids’heads. B.Guardkidswhenkidssleep.C.Patkids’backsfromtimetotime. D.Usetheirtrunkstokeepbugsoff.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于大象的事实。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“August12isWorldElephantDaywhichmeanstohelpsaveelephants.”可知,WorldElephantDay是为了保护并拯救大象而设立的节日。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Butdidyouknowthatelephantsoftenavoideatingatypeofacaciatree(金合欢树),becauseitishometoantsandanelephantdoesn’twanttogettheantsinsideitstrunk.Itstrunkisfullofsensitivenerveendings(敏感神经末梢).”可知大象经常不吃一种金合欢树，因为这种树是蚂蚁的家，大象不想让蚂蚁进入自己的鼻子，它的鼻子有很多敏感的神经末梢。由此推断金合欢树上大量的蚂蚁一旦爬到大象的鼻子里,会对大象敏感的神经末梢带来一定的伤害，所以大象不愿吃这种树。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Maleelephantsleavethefemalegroupsbetweenage12and15.”可知,雄性大象一般在12到15岁时离开雌性大象团体,可推知雄性大象幼年时（也就是12岁-15岁之前）是与雌性群体共同生活的。故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Elephantswillthrowsandontheirbacksandontheirheadtokeepthemfromgettingsunburnedandtokeepbugsoff”可知大象常把沙子弄在自己的头上是为了防晒和驱赶虫子,而不是保护幼象,故排除A项;文中未提及C项;文中大象是用沙子而不是用鼻子驱赶虫子，并且这也不是保护小象的措施，排除D项。根据第二段中的“Adultelephantswillputtheminsandandthentheywillstandoverthelittleonesastheysleep.”可知,大象会让自己的孩子躺在沙子里,然后在幼象睡觉时守护着幼象，B项正确。故选B项。第二节根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项.Learnyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Specifically,learnwhenyouaremostlikelytomisbehave.____16____Don’tletyourselfintosituationswhereyoumisbehave,orfindwaystostopyourmisbehavior.Themoreyouknowaboutyourself,thebetterpreparedyouaretocontrolyourself.●Agreatwaytolearnaboutyourselfisthroughwriting.____17____Behonestwithyourself.Whenareyoumostincontrolandwhenareyouleastincontrol?Whendoyoumisbehavethemost?Whatarethecircumstances(情况)whenyoumisbehave?Areyousad,stressed,hungry,orsleep-deprived?Onceyoufindapatterntoyourbehavior,usethatinformationandchangeyourlifestyletoimproveyourbehavior.●____18____Findaquietplaceandjustsitandfocusonyourbreathing.Afterawhile,you’llfeeleverythingslipaway.What’sleftisyourself.Askyourselfquestionsandanswerhonestly.●Askyourfriendsandfamilywhattheyseeaboutyou.Askthem.howtheythinkyoucouldimproveyourbehavior,andwheretheythinkanyoutburstscomefrom.____19____Justlettingthemknowyouwanttoimprovecangoalongway.●Gotoabehavioralspecialist,orschoolcounselor(辅导员).Evenifyou’redoingbetter,thiscanbegreatlyhelpfulinlearningaboutyourselfandhowtobehaveyourself.____20____Thoughthesearen’talwaysaccurate,theycanhelpyourealizethingsyoualreadyknowaboutyourself.A.Takeanonlinepersonalitytest.B.Rememberthatthey’retheretohelpyou.C.Makelistsofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.D.Takenotesandcommittolearningthematerial.E.Anothergreatwaytolearnaboutyourselfisthroughmeditation(冥想).F.Usethatinformationtostopyourmisbehaviorbeforeithappens.G.Usewhatyoulearnaboutyourself10improveyourbehavior.【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了如何充分了解自己，避免一些不恰当的行为。【16题详解】设空句位于句中，起着承上启下过渡作用，所以设空处需要一个过渡句。根据上文“learnwhenyouaremostlikelytomisbehave.”及下文“Don’tletyourselfintosituationswhereyoumisbehave”可知，我们要去了解自己什么时候最可能行为失当，然后避免让自己进入这样的情形之中，F选项“利用这个信息，在失当行为发生之前去阻止它”中的thatinformation就是指前文的“learnwhenyouaremostlikelytomisbehave.”，所以F选项切题。故选F项。【17题详解】本段第一句为主题句,意为“了解自己的一个好方法是写作”；空白处后面的四个疑问句具体说明了自己的强项和不足,这与C选项“列出你的优点和缺点.”具有逻辑意义的一致性。故选C项。【18题详解】观察文章结构可知，每个段落都满足“总-分”结构，可知设空处需要选择能概括本段中心的选项；根据下文“Findaquietplaceandjustsitandfocusonyourbreathing.Afterawhile,you’llfeeleverythingslipaway.”可知，找一个安静的地方,坐下来专注于自己的呼吸，然后问自己问题，并诚实地回答，与E选项“另一个了解自己的好方法是通过冥想”的意义具有逻辑一致性。故选E项。【19题详解】设空处位于句中，起着承上启下的过渡作用，所以设空处需要一个过渡句；B选项“请记住,他们会帮助你”中的人称代词“they”指代上文提到的“friendsandfamily”,并与设空前面的人称代词“they”和设空后的“them”意义一致。故选B项。【20题详解】观察文章结构可知，每个段落都满足“总-分”结构，可知设空处需要选择能概括本段中心的选项；根据下文“Thoughthesearen’talwaysaccurate,theycanhelpyourealizethingsyoualreadyknowaboutyourself.”中可知，设空处需要出现一个名词，且这个名词所代表的东西虽然不够准确，但是能够帮助我们更好了解自己，所以A选项“进行在线人格测试”切题。故选A项。【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。如第3小题和第5小题，通过观察文章结构发现，都要选择段落主题句，这个时候对段落内容进行概括，就能够确定选项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中.选出最佳选项.Withhisloveforvideogamesandpettyargumentswithhisoldersister,JackRicomightseemlikeanyotherl3-year-old.ButRicois____21____butaverage:theteenagerjustgraduatedwithfourdegreesandhediditinjusttwoyears.Rico____22____fromFullertonCollegeinCalifornialastweekend,makinghimthe____23____studenttoachievethatfeat(壮举)intheschool’s107-year-oldhistory.Majoringinonestudyis___24___enough,butthebabyfacingteenearneddegreesin____25____,humanexpression,socialbehaviorandsocialscience.“Ijustlovelearningnewthings,”Ricosaid.“I____26____knowingmoreabouttheworldandallthedifferentthingswecouldstudy.”Thecommunitycollegehasabout21,000____27____studentsfromvariousbackgroundsandwalksoflife.ButFullertonCollegePresidentGregSchulzsaidRicosurely____28____fromthecrowd.“Itisnottypicaltohavesuchayoungstudenttakeclasses,soJackisprettywell____29____ontheFullertonCollegecampus,”SchulztoldCNN.“Jackiswisebeyondhisyears,andI’mso_____30_____thathefoundahomeandplacetobeoutstandingatFullertonCollege.”Ifyou’reeagertoknowthesecret_____31_____tohisgreatachievements,Ricosaidthereisn’tone.Justgoodoldtimemanagementandlisteningtoyour_____32_____,hesaid.Rico’smothersaidsheknewhersonwas_____33_____eversincehewasayoungboy.HavingbeenhomeschooledbeforeattendingFullerton,Rico’s_____34_____officialgraduationwashiscollegeone.Butasaresultofthecoronaviruspandemic(新冠疫情),hisin-persongraduationceremonywas_____35_____.Hewasalittlesadanddisappointedbecauseheneverhadagraduation.So_____36_____,hisfamilyandfriendswillhelphim_____37_____byholdingadrive-bygraduationparade(游行)onWednesday.ThenextstepforRicoistocontinuestudyinghistoryattheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas,wherehereceivedafullride.Whilehemaybeseveralstepsaheadofhisagegroup,hesaidhe’sstilljust_____38_____.“I’m13rightnowsoIdon’treallyhavethewholelifething_____39_____,”Ricosaid,whenaskedwhathewantstobewhenhegrowsup.“I’mstilltryingto_____40_____myinterestsandlearnwhatIwanttodoinlife.”21.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything22.A.suffered B.survived C.graduated D.arose23.A.youngest B.mostdetermined C.tastiest D.mostdelighted24.A.vast B.cautious C.difficult D.brief25.A.history B.politics C.physics D.business26.A.concern B.dislike C.demand D.love27.A.many B.other C.another D.all28.A.droppedout B.stoodout C.putout D.gaveout29.A.motivated B.spoken C.harmed D.known30.A.puzzled B.ashamed C.pleased D.annoyed31.A.method B.manners C.behavior D.education32.A.schoolmates B.citizens C.instructors D.hosts33.A.special B.painful C.willing D.innocent34.A.legally B.last C.curiously D.first35.A.commented B.conducted C.canceled D.replaced36.A.anyhow B.somehow C.moreover D.instead37.A.celebrate B.absorb C.owe D.blame38.A.atwin B.akid C.agraduate D.astudent39.A.givenaway B.takenout C.putoff D.figuredout40.A.earn B.explore C.exchange D.explode【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.A26.D27.B28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.D35.C36.D37.A38.B39.D40.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了获得四个学位的13岁天才儿童的近况。【21题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：Rico一点也不普通。A.somethingbut一般没有这种用法；B.anythingbut绝不、根本不；C.nothingbut除……外什么也没有，只有；D.everythingbut除了……其余都……。根据冒号后面的语句说明小男孩一点都不普通。anythingbut意为“决不;根本不.”故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rico上周从FullertonCollege毕业。A.suffered遭受苦难；B.survived生存；C.graduated毕业；D.arose升起，起来。词义复现,根据上下文,以及“hisfamilyandfriendswillhelphim___17___byholdingadrive-bygraduationparadeonWednesday.”可知,此处是说Rico上周从FullertonCollege毕业。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：他是这所学校107年历史上实现这个壮举最年轻的学生.A.youngest最年轻的；B.mostdetermined最有毅力的；C.tastiest最美味的；D.mostdelighted最开心的。首句表明小男孩只有13岁,下文还称他为thebaby,因此他是这所学校107年历史上实现这个壮举最年轻的学生。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：主修一个专业已经足够难了,但是这个面临少年期的孩子却挣得了四种专业的学位。A.vast巨大的，庞大的；B.cautious小心的；C.difficult困难的；D.brief简明的。根据句意可知，这里突出说明主修一个专业是很难的。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义复现。句意：Rico获得了历史,人类表情,社会行为和社会科学四种专业的学位。A.history历史；B.politics政治；C.physics物理；D.business商科。根据下文“ThenextstepforRicoistocontinuestudyinghistoryattheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas,wherehereceivedafullride.”可知,Rico获得了历史,人类表情,社会行为和社会科学四种专业的学位。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢去更多地了解世界，了解那些我们将会学习的不同事物。A.concern担忧；B.dislike讨厌；C.demand要求；D.love喜欢。词义复现。根据上文“Ijustlovelearningnewthings,”可知，此处表达小男孩热爱学习新事物,并喜欢去了解世界和那些将会学习的不同事物。故选D项。【27题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这所社区大学有大约21000名其他来自于各种背景和各行各业的学生。A.many许多；B.other其他的；C.another另外一个；D.all所有的。根据下一句Rico从人群中脱颖而出，将学生分为两类，Rico和其他学生。这里的他们21000名是Rico之外的其他的学生。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学校校长说Rico势必出类拔萃。A.dropout辍学；B.standout脱颖而出；C.putout扑灭；D.gaveout分发，发出。根据句意，standout意为“脱颖而出”。由上下文可知Rico13岁大学毕业，非常优秀。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样年轻的学生来上大学课程，很不常见,所以Jack在校园里十分著名。A.motivated驱动；B.spoken讲话；C.harmed伤害；D.known知道，认识。分析句意可知，bewellknown意为“很有名气”。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：校长说“我很高兴在我们学院他可以拥有一个家，也可以变得卓越”。A.puzzled困惑的；B.ashamed可耻的；C.pleased高兴的；D.annoyed烦人的。文中提到home，outstanding这样一些积极词汇，可知校长是感到高兴的。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你想知道他取得巨大成就的秘密方法的话，Rico会告诉你说没有。A.method方法；B.manners举止；C.behavior行为；D.education教育。分析句意，secretmethod意为“秘密方法”。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rico说要是有什么秘密方法的话,也仅仅是好好运用老式时间管理法以及听从导师意见。A.schoolmates同学；B.citizens市民；C.instructors导师；D.hosts主人。因为他是一名学生，应该是听从导师的意见。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rico的妈妈说她儿子很小的时候她就知道儿子很特别。A.special特别的；B.painful痛苦的；C.willing愿意的；D.innocent无辜的。综合上下文都显示Rico是一个特别的孩子。故选A项。34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Rico的第一次正式毕业就是这次大学毕业。A.legally法律的；B.last最后的；C.curiously好奇地；D.first第一次。根据题干以及下文“Hewasalittlesadanddisappointedbecauseheneverhadagraduation.”可知,Rico在去FullertonCollege上学之前一直都是在家里受教育。故此次从FullertonCollege毕业是他第一次正式的毕业典礼。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于疫情,需要亲自参加的毕业典礼取消了。A.commented评论；B.conducted进行；C.canceled取消；D.replaced取代。下一句提到他感到很失望伤心因为他从没参加过毕业典礼。可知，毕业典礼被取消了，所以伤心难过。故选C项。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，作为替代，他的家人和朋友们将帮助他庆祝毕业。A.anyhow无论如何；B.somehow不知怎么；C.moreover而且，另外；D.instead代替。前面一句提到因为他从没参加过毕业典礼，所以有点失落和伤心。所以他的朋友和家人代替学校来帮助他实现心愿。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的家人和朋友们将通过举办一个驾车经过(drive-by)的毕业游行去帮助他庆祝毕业。A.celebrate庆祝；B.absorb吸收；C.owe亏欠，归功于……；D.blame责备。举行毕业游行是帮助他来庆祝毕业的。故选A项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他超出同龄人很多步，他说他自己还仅仅是个孩子。A.atwin一对双胞胎；B.akid一个孩子；C.agraduate一个毕业生；D.as