北京延庆县四海中学2021年高三英语月考试卷含解析

北京延庆县四海中学2021年高三英语月考试卷含解析一、选择题1.Hehasdonatedsomemoneytothosewho________inpoverty,which

ofgreathelp.

A.live,is B.lives,are C.live,are D.lives,is参考答案：A2.ItwasthefirsttimethatI______suchastrongtyphoon.A.haveexperienced

B.hadexperiencedC.experience

D.experienced参考答案：B【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：这是我们第一次经历这么强的台风。本句为句型itwasthefirst/second/lasttimethat+过去完成时，某人第几次做某事，故选B。3.—Viv,howaboutgoingswimmingthisweekend?

—Goswimminginthisweather?_________

A.Notlikely.

B.Hownice!

C.OK.

D.I’mfondof

参考答案：A4.IwishI________aboutthecustomstherebeforeIleftforAmerica.A.know

B.knew

C.hadknown

D.haveknown参考答案：C5.________apreciousdiamondnecklaceforhiswife,Martincouldhardlyaffordatieforhimself.

A.Havingbought

B.Buying

C.Beingbought

D.Tobuy参考答案：A6.Allflights______becauseoftheairtrafficcontrol,thepassengershadtowaitinthehall.A.wereputoff

B.havingputoff

C.havingbeenputoff

D.havebeenputoff参考答案：C7.

_______youmissedsuchafinelecture?

A.Howitwasthat

B.Itwashowthat

C.Howwasitthat

D.Wasithowthat

参考答案：C8.Asalecturer,shedoesn’tdaretospeakin_____public;sheisthoughtofas_____failure.

A.the,a

B.a,the

C./,/

D./,a参考答案：9.Ican'trememberwhenexactlytheRohinsonsleft__city.Ionlyrememberitwas____Monday.

A.the,the

B.a,the

C.a,a

D.the,a

参考答案：D

解析：本题考查冠词的基本用法。我不记得Robinsons一家离开这座城市确切时间了．我只记得那是一个周一．本题测试冠词的用法。哪座城市双方都知道，是特指；周一则不确定，是泛指。10.Theydon'tfeelsafeinourtownatnightbecauseit

sodangerous.There'sarobberyeveryweeknow.A.becomes

B.became

C.hasbecome

D.hadbecome

参考答案：C11.

weatheritis,weshallsetoutat8o'clock．A．Whatever

B．Whenever

C．However

D．Nomatter参考答案：A12.Belowthetopsoiloftheearthisthesubsoil,_____layerthatcontainsstonesmixedwithasmallamountof_____organicmatter.A.a;the

B.the;the

C.不填;不填

D.a;不填参考答案：D略13.______fromhisexpression,heisregretfulabouthismistakes.A.Beingjudged

B.Judged

C.Tojudge

D.Judging

参考答案：D14.Itwasnearlyanhour_____________thesleepingpill_____________effect.A.when;took

B.before;took

C.since;takes

D.before;wouldtake参考答案：B考查固定句式和时态。本题中的固定句式：Itbe一段时间before…一段时间以后某事才发生；如果before后面使用一般现在时，前面的主语使用将来时；如果before后面使用一般过去时，前面也使用一般过去时；句意：一个小时以后安眠药片才开始生效。前后都使用过去时。故B正确。15.Competition，theybelieve，

thenationalcharacterratherthancorruptsit．

A．limits

B．confirms

C．impairs

D．strengthens参考答案：D16.TheresearchescomparedEinstein’sbrainwiththoseofabout90normalpeopleandfoundthatoneareaofhisbrainwas

differentfrommostpeople’s.A.abundantly B.sincerely

C.randomly

D.significantly参考答案：D二、完型填空17.A

land

free

from

destruction,

plus

wealth,

natural

resources,

and

labor

supply--all

these

wereimportant

in

helping

England

to

become

the

center

for

the

Industrial

Revolution.

they

were

not

enough.

Something

was

needed

to

start

the

industrial

process.

That

"something

special"was

men--

individuals

who

could

invent

machines,

find

new

of

power,

and

establish

business

organizations

to

reshape

society.Themenwho

themachinesoftheIndustrialRevolution

frommanybackgroundsandmanyoccupations.Manyofthemwere

inventorsthanscientists.Amanwhoisa

scientistisprimarilyinterestedindoinghisresearch

.

Heisnotnecessarilyworking

thathisfindingscanbeused.Aninventororoneinterestedinappliedscienceis

tryingtomakesomethingthathasaconcreteuse.Hemaytrytosolveaproblemby

thetheories

scienceorbyexperimentingthroughtrialanderror.

ofhismethod,heisworkingtoobtaina

result:theconstructionofaharvestingmachine,theburningofalightbulb,oroneofmanyotherobjectives.Mostofthepeoplewho

themachinesoftheIndustrialRevolutionwereinventors,nottrainedscientists.Afewwerebothscientistsandinventors.Eventhosewhohad

ornotraininginsciencemightnothavemadetheirinventions

agroundworkhadnotbeenlaidbyscientistsyears

.1.A.cases

B.

reasons

C.

factors

D.

situations2.A.But

B.And

C.Besides

D.Even3.A.else

B.near

C.extra

D.similar4.A.generating

B.effective

C.

motivating

D.creative5.A.origins

B.sources

C.bases

D.discoveries6.A.employed

B.created

C.operated

D.controlled7.A.came

B.arrived

C.stemmed

D.appeared8.A.less

B.better

C.more

D.worse9.A.respectable

B.practical

C.pure

D.clever10.A.happily

B.occasionally

C.reluctantly

D.accurately11.A.now

B.and

C.all

D.so12.A.seldom

B.sometimes

C.always

D.never13.A.planning

B.using

C.studying

D.applying14.A.of

B.with

C.to

D.as15.A.Speaking

B.Thinking

C.Instead

D.Regardless16.A.single

B.sole

C.specialized

D.specific17.A.proposed

B.developed

C.supplied

D.offered18.A.little

B.much

C.some

D.any19.A.as

B.if

C.because

D.while20.A.ago

B.

past

C.

ahead

D.

before

参考答案：1.C

2.A

3.A

4.D

5.B6.B

7.A

8.C

9.C

10.D11.D

12.C

13.B

14.A

15.D16.D

17.B

18.A

19.B

20.D

试题分析：未遭破坏的土地、大量的财富、丰富的自然资源和劳动力，这些都是促使英国成为工业革命的中心的重要因素。但是仅有这些还是不够的，还缺少的是具有创造性的人。与科学家致力于科学研究不同，发明家注重发明创造出来具有使用价值的工具。1.A

land

free

from

destruction,

plus

wealth,

natural

resources,

and

labor

supply未遭破坏的土地、大量的财富、丰富的自然资源和劳动力，这些都是促使英国成为工业革命的中心的重要因素，故选C。2.

they

were

not

enough.但仅有这些是不够的，前后句表示转折，故选A。3.Something

43

was

needed...还需要一些其它的条件来开启工业革命的进程，修饰不定代词时，else放在不定代词的后面，故选A。4.who

could

invent

machines”可知，这些人必须具有创造性和创新能力，这样他们才能发明出来机器，故选D。5.find

new

of

power能够发现新的能源，sources

of

power能源，故选B。6.The

men

who

the

machines这里指发明机器的人，故选B。7.The

men...

from

many

backgrounds发明机器的人来自不同的背景和不同的职业，come

from出自，来自，与后面background搭配,意为“出于背景”。stem

from意为“起源于”，如：Her

interest

in

books

stems

from

her

childhood.她对书本的兴趣是从童年开始的。故选A。8.Many

of

them

were

inventors

than

scientists.他们中的很多人与其说是科学家，不如说是发明家，more...than...与其说，倒不如说，该搭配强调的是前者，否定后者，故选C。9.A

man

who

is

a

scientist

is

primarily

interested

in

doing

his

research一个纯粹的科学家只是把兴趣都放在理论研究上，而发明家是务实的，故选C。10.interested

in

doing

his

research

.科学家只是力求实验研究的精确性，故选D。11.He

is

not

necessarily

working

that

his

findings

can

be

used.科学家的研究成果不一定能够用于实际的工作中，so

that以便于，表示目的，常与情态动词连用，故选D。12.An

inventor

or

one

interested

in

applied

science

is

trying

to

make

something

that

has

a

concrete

use一个发明家或热衷于把科学用于实践的人总是努力制作一些有具体用途的东西，故选C。13.He

may

try

to

solve

a

problem

by

the

theories...一个发明家会通过运用科学理论来解决问题，故选B。14.the

theories

science科学的理论，这里表示所属关系，故选A。15.

of说到；think

of考虑，认为；instead

of代替，而不是；regardless

of不管，不顾。根据“he

is

working

to

obtain

a

result”可知，发明家注重结果而不管使用什么方法，故选D。16.a

harvesting

machine,...the

burning

of

a

light

bulb...many

other

objectives”和本段首句“to

makesomething

that

has

a

concrete

use”可知，发明家的目的是创造出有具体用途的工具，故选D。17.Most

of

the

people

who

the

machines根据第一段“who

could

invent

machines”可知，这里指的是发明机器的人，develop在此意为“开发，研制”，故选B。18.who

had

or

no

training

in

science甚至很少或没有接受过科学训练的人，根据and后面的no可知前面的词与no的意思相近，little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词，故选A。19.

a

groundwork

had

not

been

laid

by

scientists如果没有科学家早年的研究作为基础，那些在科学上接受过很少或没有接受过教育的人就不可能有所发明创造。这里是if引导的虚拟条件句，对过去的事实进行虚拟，故选B。20.

before多年以前，before与完成时连用，故选D。三、阅读理解18.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysobesityratesarerisinginPacificislandcountries.So，too，arehealthproblemslinkedtobeingoverweight.TheWHOsaysamajorreasonfortherisingobesityratesisanincreaseinimportedfoods.ItsaysmanyPacificislandershavereplacedtheirtraditionaldietsofvegetablesandfruitswithimportedprocessedfoods.Dr.TemuWaqanivaluiswiththeWorldHealthOrganization'sSouthPacificofficeinSuva，Fiji.Hesaysmanyoftheimportedproductslacknutritionalvalue.TemuWaqanivalusaid：“Insomeoftheplaces，you'dbeamazedtoseehowabottleofCokeischeaperthanabottleofwater.Ithinkthatrepresentsthekindofoff-environmentwe'vecreatedthatdoesn'treallyencourageormakelifestylechoicesaneasychoiceforthepopulation.”AndalackofphysicalactivityamongmanyPacificislandersonlyaddstotheobesityproblem.TheWHOsaysmorethan50percentofthepopulationisoverweightinatleasttenPacificislandcountries.Therateisashighas80percentamongwomenintheterritoryofAmericanSamoa.Fijihadthelowestobesityrateat30percent.Inall，almosttenmillionpeopleliveinPacificislandcountries.TheWHOestimatesthatabout40percentofthemhavehealthdisordersrelatedtodietandnutrition.Diabetesratesareamongthehighestintheworld.Forty-sevenpercentofthepeopleinAmericanSamoahavediabetes.Sodo44percentofthepeopleinTokelau，aterritoryofNewZealand.Bycomparison，thediabetesrateis13percentintheUnitedStates，acountrythathasitsownproblemswithrisingobesity.OfficialsalsonoteanincreaseinnutritionalproblemslikeanemiaandnotenoughvitaminAinthedietsofPacificislanders.Dr.Waqanivalusaystreatingconditionsrelatedtoobesityanddietputspressureonlimitedhealthresourcesandbudgets.66．ThemainreasonwhyobesityratesarerisinginmanyPacificislandersis________.A．thechangeofsociety

B．thechangeofeatinghabitsC．thechangeoflifestyle

D．lackofexercise67．Importedproductslacknutritionalvaluebutpeoplelovetobuythembecause________.A．theyarecheap

B．theyarepopularC．theyaretasty

D．theyareconvenienttoget68．HowmanypeoplelivinginPacificislandcountrieshavehealthdisorders?A．1million.

B．4million.

C．6million.

D．10million.69．ThepercentageofdiabetesratesinAmericanSamoais________.A．optimistic

B．steady

C．worrying

D．low70．Ifthepassageappearsinanewspaper，whichcolumnwillitbe?A．Science.

B．Nature.

C．Entertainment.

D．Health.参考答案：66．B细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“TheWHOsaysamajorreasonfortherisingobesityratesisanincreaseinimportedfoods.”可知。67．A细节理解题。根据第四段的“Insomeoftheplaces，you'dbeamazedtoseehowabottleofCokeischeaperthanabottleofwater.”可判断A项正确。68．B细节理解题。倒数第四段中提到：“Inall，almosttenmillionpeopleliveinPacificislandcountries.TheWHOestimatesthatabout40percentofthemhavehealthdisordersrelatedtodietandnutrition.”由此可知选B。69．C推理判断题。作者提到：糖尿病的比例是最高的，多达47%，所以判断是“令人担忧的”。70．D推理判断题。本文介绍的内容与健康有关，所以D项正确。19.Learninganylanguageishard,butlearningEnglishcanbeespeciallychallenging.Why?Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.Here’sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere’snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish–theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithoutthesepeculiar(古怪的)usagesfillingitspages.Howcantheseoddwordsbeexplained?PartoftheansweristheBritishsenseofhumor.Britonsdon’tliketotakethingstooseriously,andthisisevidentthroughmanyBritishwordsandphrases.Forexample,to“spendapenny”meanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.InaninterviewfortheBBC’swebsite,BritishlinguistDavidCrystalsuggestedtheremaybehistoricalreasonsforthesheernumberofoddwordsandphrasesinBritishEnglish.Hethinksthattheybeganinthelate16thandearly17thcenturies.Thiswasagreatageforthetheater,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.Thetheater’spopularityalsocreatedanincentive(刺激)toinventnewwords.Withthisinmind,perhapsShakespeareandhispeersaretoblameforunusualBritishwordssuchas“codswal