冀教版八年级英语上册现在完成时讲解课件

语法课堂上一页现在完成时下一页主菜单现在完成时要点

主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语短暂性动词与时间段的关系havebeen与havegone比较与一般过去时的用法比较一、现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页have(has）+过去分词（pp）助动词注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同，不规则变化则须单独记忆。二、现在完成时的主要用法上一页下一页--It’ssodark.--Someonehasturnedoffthelight.(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)--Areyoufree?--Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Iamfre

(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)主菜单1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达）通常与just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。例如：上一页下一页IhavelearntEnglishformorethantenyears.我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)Shehasswumsincehalfanhourago.我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)主菜单2.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，sofar“到目前为止”、howlong等时间状语连用。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）三、现在完成时的标志性时间状语◆①already,②never,③ever,④just,

⑤yet,⑥before,⑦uptonow,⑧sofar,⑨forthelastfewweeks

⑩thesedays,⑾since⑿forsometime

（13）recently近来（不久前时，过去式）例for2hoursforalongtime

上一页下一页主菜单短暂性动词与延续性动词问题

●forsometime、since、howlong必须与延续性动词连用，短暂性动词否定句中，才可以与时间段连用。Hehasdiedfor3years错Hehasbeendeadfor3years.对但下俩句正确：Ihaven’tboughtthebikeforayear.我买这辆自行车还不到一年。Shehasn’tcomehereforanhour.她来这儿还没有一个小时。

上一页下一页

主菜单forsometime、since、howlong时间段

become→be,begin→have,borrow→keep,buy→have,die→be

dead,finish→beover,come(go,arrive,get)→behere/there/in…，jointhearmy→beinthearmy…（beamemberof…）leave→beaway(from…),gotoschool---beinschoolsitdown----sit,standup---standcatch(get)acold---haveacoldjointheParty---beaPartymember

fallasleep---beasleepclose---beclosed

open----beopen下一页上一页主菜单①.我们买这本书三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.②他感冒三天了.Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.比较：③自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书.Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.④我成为一个学生两年多了.Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.Iborrowedthebooklastweek.Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.⑤

MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.⑥小明参军半年了。XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.⑦我们上了8年学了。Wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.⑧下课10分钟了Theclasshasbeenoverfortenminutes.9.电影开始了一小时了

Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.

翻译练习：

1.我买了这块手表五年了。

2.这位老人已经死了十年了。

Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since

5yearsago.

Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.

Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears/since10

yearsago.WW下一页上一页主菜单

3.他已经回来三天了。

4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。

5.我离开家乡已十年了。

Hehascomebackfor3days.

Hehasbeenback

for3days/since3daysago.

Hehascomeheresince6o’clock.

Hehasbeenheresince6o’clock.

Ihavelefthometownfor10years.Ihavebeenawayfromhometownfor10years.WWW下一页上一页主菜单havebeento与havegoneto的用法比较

havebeento意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。havegoneto

意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。havebeenin意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”上一页下一页主菜单

HassheeverbeentoNanjing?她曾去过南京吗？

Youhaveneverbeenthere,haveyou?你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？

IhavebeentoGuiling,Iwenttherelastyear.我去过桂林，我去年去的。

ShehasgonetoNanjing.

她已经去南京了。上一页下一页主菜单与一般过去时的用法比较一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。

上一页下一页主菜单eg：HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。上一页下一页

第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Andhestillhasit”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典”。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。主菜单二．当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:上一页下一页eg:

Isawthefilmontelevisionyesterday.

但since(自…以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。eg：

Theyhaveknowneachothersince1950.

Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.主菜单三．常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语:上一页下一页yesterday(昨天),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),justnow(刚才)，时间+ago,last+时间等;

eg:

Theplanetookofftenminutesago.

Wefinishedourtasklastweek.主菜单现在完成时“三看三用”一看时间状语。如果句中没有表示过去确切时间的状语，常用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一般过去时。如：Ihavevisitedthefactory.Ivisitedthefactorylastyear.二看句首有无疑问词。如果笼统地问人家做过某事了吗（句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但进一步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事时（句首有疑问词）就要用一般过去时。如：－Haveyouhadyourbreakfast?－Yes,Ihave.－Whendidyouhaveit?－Atseventhirty.—Whatdidyouhave?---Cakes.-----Howmanydidyouhave?----Two.三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词。如果表示的动作或状态一直延续到现在，最好选用延续性动词，并使用现在完成时；如果是瞬间动词，则用一般过去时。如：Hehasbeenaleaguememberfortwomonths.HejoinedtheYouthLeaguetwomonthsago.注意：这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景的。否则就需要具体情况具体分析。

如：

Howmanywordshaveyoulearnedbyheart?

Howdidyoulearnthembyheart?上一页现在完成时练习主菜单动词填空：

1._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_____he_____(see)it?He______itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_____you______(be)there?

HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen下一页上一页主菜单4.I__________(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She_________(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries_______________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen______(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.MrChen__________(give)upsmokingsincelastyear.havereadhasgonedidgowenthavedevelopedgavehasgiven下一页上一页主菜单选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.forsinceforsinceforsince下一页上一页主菜单用Havebeento,havegoneto,

havebeenin填空Mikeandhisparents__________thenorthforhalfayear.Mumisnotathomenow.she_________theshop.______youever_____tokunming?Never.Where_____you______thesedays?HasJimarrivedyet?Yes,he_______hereforseveraldays.WhereisPeter?Idon’tknowwherehe________.HiJim!Where_____you_____?LiLeiislookingforyou.havebeeninhasgonetohavebeenHavebeenhasbeenhasgonehavebeen下一页上一页主菜单改错1.HowlonghaveyoubeguntostudyEnglish?2.Ihaveborrowedthisbookfortwoweeks.3.TheriverhasbecomeverydirtysincelastAugust.4.Ourmanagerisawaytoday.HehasbeentoGuangzhouonbusiness.5.Hehasgoneoutfortwoyears.studiedkeptbeengonebeen下一页上一页主菜单1.Takesomemedicineoryou_______(feel)evenworse.2.They__________(notarrive)inBeijingyet.3.Ann_________(have)acoldsinceyesterday.4.He_______(go)ifit_____(be)finetomorrow.5.He______(run)outtenminutesagoandhe_______(notcome)backsincethen.用正确的时态填空:1.Both

his

parents

look

sad.Maybe

they

_________(know)what's

happened

to

him.2、Thefamouswriter_____(write)onenewbookinthepasttwoyears.3.Ourcountry

______(change)alotsofar.Ihopeitwillbeevenbetter.4、ZhaoLan______already

______inthisschoolfortwoyears.(study)5、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.(see)Thehouseisdirty.We_______itforweeks.

Adidn’tcleanBhadn’tcleanedCdon’tcleanDhaven’tcleaned

2.---____thesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

---Yes,italldependsontheweather.

AI’vebeentoldBI’vetoldCI’mtoldDItold

3.----I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.

----Oh,notatall.I_____hereonlyafewminutes.

AhavebeenBhadbeenCwasDwillbe

4.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I_______herseveraltimes.

A.hadmetBhavemetCmetDmeet

5.-----WillyougotoBeijingforvacation?

-----I_______togo,butIdon’tknowifIcango.

AwasplanningBhaveplannedChadbeenplanningDhavebeenplanning

6.--Whenwilltheyleave?

---They______verysoon.

AdoleaveBareleavingChaveleftDleave

7--Washestudyingforanexam?

--Yes,he's____itlastweek.

AdoingBtotakeCmakingDtogive

8.Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearth____round.AisBwouldCwasDwere

9.She_______suchaninterestingbookbefore.

AwasneverreadingBwillneverreadChadneverreadDhasneverread

10.Howlongdoyouthinkthemeeting______

AislastingBislastedCwilllastDlasts

、翻译下列句子：

1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？

2.我刚刚丢了我的语文书。

3.我以前从来没去过那个公园。

4.他已经吃过午饭了。

5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？

6.我哥哥还没回来。

7.我自从上星期看过这部电影。

8.自从1992年他住在这里。

9.这本字典我已买了三年了。

10.他离开中国三年了1.Haveyoueattenfishandfrenchfrise?

2.IhavelostmyChinesebook.

3Ihaveneverbeentothatpark.

4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch.

5Haveyouseenthismovieyet?6Mybrotherhasnotreturned.

7Ihaveseenthismoviesincelastweek.

8Hehaslivedheresince1992.

9Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears.

10HehasbeenawayChinaforthreeyears.

Exercises()1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?A.haven’tyouB.haveyouC.doyouD.don’tyou()2.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()3.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()4.Hisgrandma______fortwoye