同位语从句与定语从句课件

同位语从句与定语从句定语一、概念定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。Examples:hisdesk物主代词

Tom’sfather名词所有格abeautifulcity形容词

threeteachers数词womenteachers名词intheroomabove

副词adevelopingcountry

现在分词adevelopedcountry过去分词Thereisnothingtodotoday

不定式anarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish

介词短语acitywhichisbeautiful

从句1.含义：修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。

Examples:Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.修饰girlThisistheclassroomwherewestudy.修饰classroom定语从句同位语一、概念：一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格式要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。同位语的表现形式有以下几种：（1)名词

Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.（2）代词Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.（3）数词Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.（4）从句Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。

（5）由suchas,thatis引导Somesubjects,suchasmathandphysics,areverydifficulttolearn.

某些学科，例如数学和物理，是很难学的（6）由or引导Thefreezingtemperature,orfreezingpoint,isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.结冰温度即冰点，是水在常压下结冰时的温度。同位语从句theAppositiveclause一、含义：在复合句中跟在一个名词或代词后，对其做进一步解释说明的从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，在句中充当同位语二、用法：常跟的抽象名词有：fact事实/idea想法/question问题reason理由/thought想法/problem问题/doubt疑惑/news新闻/hope希望/belief信念/message消息/possibility可能性/truth事实/suggestion建议/proposal建议/word消息/promise诺言/order命令/warn警告/information信息/feeling感觉/request请求.…三、连词that/whether/who/which/what/when/where/why/how(if不能引导同位语从句）Examples:Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.What’sthedifferencesbetweenthem?Thesuggestionthatweshouldexerciseeverydayisagoodone.(同)Thesuggestion(that)heputforwardatthemeetingwasagoodone.(定)意义that同位语从句解释说明不作成分但不能省略定语从句修饰限制作宾语时可省略从先行词的词性来看同位语从句的先行词大都为（抽象名词）而定语从先行词可以是（名词），也可以是（代词）。Example：The moon is a satellite that goes around the earth．月亮是围绕地球运转的一颗卫星（定）He expressed the hope that he would come to Chinaagain.他表达了他要再来中国的希望。(同)从引导词来看同位语从句有时也可以用（whether)来引导,

但是定语从句则一般不用（whether）来引导。1.Informationhasbeenputforward

moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.WhenD.as2.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversitiesistheinformation

hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.asBBExercises:3.Sheheardaterriblenoise,

broughtherheartintohermouth(MET91)A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoise

sheiscryingloudly.A.itB.whichC.ThisD.thatBD①Thenewsthatwehadsuccessfullysentupanothercommunicationsatellitespreadthroughouttheworld.②That'sthebestpieceofnewsI’veheard.定同③Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolsoundsunreasonable.④