第16讲阅读理解之应用文

第16讲阅读理解之应用文1．了解应用文的解题方法与技巧。2．进行应用文真题训练。应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格等。英语《考试说明》对＂读＂的能力要求之一是：要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章并能识别不同文体的特征。研读近年全国各地的高考试题可以看出，应用文是高考阅读理解命题的重要体裁之一。1.考点趋势：今后对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点，同时还需关注对主旨大意题和文章结构题的考查。2.理解层次趋势：表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。考查难度有所增加，由简单寻找信息向多层次细节推理的趋势比较明显。3.信息量和词汇量：阅读理解材料信息浓缩，词汇总量减少，但对词汇量的考查在加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。旨在引导学生掌握词汇的合成、派生和转化，让考生能通过上下文或构词法来理解词汇的含义。《考试说明》中＂根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义＂这一新要求预示对能力要求有所提高。4.句子的难度：长句增多，句子难度加大。复合句、省略句、倒装句和插入语等语言现象普遍。5.体裁和题材：继续体现体裁和题材多样化，并彰显英语国家语言与文化特点，强化文化意识的渗透。题材涉猎广泛，体现＂语言是文化的载体＂这一理念。解题技巧高考应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：1.先题后文先读试题，了解试题考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。2.题干定向根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。3.生词模糊遇到生词；如与答题无关，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。4.信息补全对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。总之，应用文类型的阅读文章一般说来比较易理解，文章类型以广告形式居多，设问根据文章的段落秩序，多以细节事实理解为主，答案的寻找可以根据问题中的关键字顺藤摸瓜，辅以适当的推理判断。了解了应用文的措辞和内容特点，我们在实践中总结出解答应用文试题的关键是：抓信息。提示：应用文阅读题做完后，不可轻易改答案，要相信第一感觉。因为第一次解题时思路最清晰，假如没十分把握，以不改为好，防止弄巧成拙。（2023春·江苏南通·高二海安高级中学校考期中）Fromamulti-dayhikefollowingtheroutesofaJapanesepoet,toaclassicclimbintheArgentinianLakeDistrict,therearethousandsofincredibletrails(小路)thatallowustogetupclosetonature.AppalachianTrail,UnitedStatesExtendingfor2,200miles,theAppalachianTrailislistedasthelongesthiking-onlyfootpathintheworld.ItrunsfromSpringierMountaininGeorgiatoMountKatahdininMaine,passingthroughsomeofthemostremotecountryintheUnitedStates.Thatmeansit’sahardtask,eitherforthosewithendlessvacationallowance,orwalkerslookingtodoasmallpieceofaclassicroute.TheBashoWayfarer,JapanThisself-guidedtripfollowsaroutetakenbythepoetMatsuoBashoover300yearsago.Thesix-dayhikestartsinSendaiandworksitswaythroughthenorthernTohokuregion,passingthroughtheUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)SiteofHiraizumiandalongtheancientDewaKaidopath.Withitsbeechandcherryforests,itfinishesatthetempleofYamadera.MountToubkal,MoroccoThepathupwardsrisesfromthevillageofImlil,passingoveradryriverbedbeforerisingsharplythroughatempleandontowardsalargemountaincottage.Afterovernighthere,hikerssetoffupthesnowfieldtothepeak,wheretheAtlasMountainsopenoutandtheviewsarebreathtaking.Alocalguideandmuleteersforcarryingluggageareamust.TheDingleWay,IrelandItisaring-likepaththatoffersthebestwaytogetundertheskinofwildCountyKerryinIreland’ssouthwest.StartinginthetownofTralee,theclockwisepathfollowsnarrowroads,takinginthewidesweepofsandatInchStrand,passingalongtheclifftopsoutsideDingletownandheadingaroundtheedgeofMountBrardon,thehighestpeakontheDinglePeninsula.1．WhatdoweknowabouttheBashoWayfarer?A．Itoffersnoguideservice. B．Itwasbuiltbyapoet.C．ItendsinthenorthernTohokuregion. D．Itisontheworldheritagelist.2．Wherecanhikersenjoyagoodviewofsnow?A．AppalachianTrail. B．TheBashoWayfarer.C．MountToubkal. D．TheDingleWay.3．WhatisspecialabouttheDingleWay?A．Itfollowsacirclepath. B．Itisthelongestintheworld.C．ItfinishesatMountBrandon. D．ItreachesthehighestpeakinIreland.【答案】1．A2．C3．A【导语】这是一篇应用文。从跟随日本诗人的路线进行多日徒步旅行，到阿根廷湖区的经典攀登，这里有数千条令人难以置信的小径让我们能够亲近大自然。文章主要介绍了几条让我们能够亲近自然的小路。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据TheBashoWayfarer,Japan部分中第一句话“Thisself-guidedtripfollowsaroutetakenbythepoetMatsuoBashoover300yearsago.(这次自助之旅沿着300多年前诗人松尾芭蕉走过的路线进行)”可知，BashoWayfarer没有导游服务。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据MountToubkal,Morocco部分的第二句话“Afterovernighthere,hikerssetoffupthesnowfieldtothepeak,wheretheAtlasMountainsopenoutandtheviewsarebreathtaking.(在这里过了一夜之后，徒步旅行者们踏上了雪地，登上了山顶，阿特拉斯山脉向外延伸，景色令人叹为观止)”可知，在MountToubkal徒步旅行者沿着雪地向顶峰进发，沿途可欣赏到雪景。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据TheDingleWay,Ireland部分中“Itisaring-likepath(这是一个环形的道路)”可知，DingleWay这条线路是环形的。故选A。（2023春·江苏盐城·高二江苏省响水中学校考期中）Herearefourorganizationsthatrescueandtrainshelterdogstobeserviceanimals.Merlin’sKidsMerlin’sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.Dogscanexpandkids‘socialcomfortzoneanddramaticallyimprovetheirmentalhealth.Inthepublic’seyes,theseworkingdogshaveprovedthatshelteranimalsareamazing.PetsforVets(老兵)AnimaltrainerClarissaBlackcreatedPetsforVetsin2009asawaytosay“thankyou”toournation’sheroes.Thisorganizationrecognizesthatmanyvetsreturnhomewithscars(伤疤),whichmakeitdifficultforthemtoliveanormallife.PetsforVetswasfoundedtorescueandtrainshelteranimalstoprovidetherapydogsforvets.Theorganizationsaysthatwhenthevetismatchedwiththerightdog,bothoftheirliveschangeforthebetter.PawsWithaCauseThisorganizationhasbeenaroundsince1979anditimprovestheindependenceandqualityoflifeforpeoplewithdisabilities.PawsWithaCausespecializesinhelpingpeoplewithdisabilitiescompletedailytasksandthedogscanopendoorsandpullawheelchair.Theorganization’sfoundersMikeandCandyeareverypleasedwithitsdevelopment.CanDoCaninesAdogfromalocalshelterhelpedstartCanDoCaninesin1989.NamedAnnie,sheassistedherownerforeightyears.Anniewasthefirstofover500rescueddogsspeciallytrainedasservicedogstoassistpeoplewithhearingproblems,diabetes(糖尿病)andautism.Butifadogintheorganizationisnotsuitedduetobehaviororillness,thedogisnevertrainedagainandplacedintoaforeverhomewithafamily.4．Merlin’sKidshelpsthechildrenwith.A．hearingproblems B．scars C．diabetes D．emotionalproblems5．WhenwasPawsWithaCausesetup?A．In1960. B．In1979. C．In1989. D．In2009.6．WhogaveCanDoCaninesagoodstart?A．Annie. B．Merlin. C．ClarissaBlack. D．MikeandCandye.【答案】4．D5．B6．A【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个救助和训练狗成为服务性动物的组织。4．细节理解题。根据Merlin’sKids部分“Merlin’sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.Dogscanexpandkids‘socialcomfortzoneanddramaticallyimprovetheirmentalhealth.(Merlin’sKids是一个组织，拯救和训练收容所的狗，让它们成为有特殊情感需要的儿童的服务性动物。狗可以扩大孩子们的社交舒适区，极大地改善他们的心理健康)”可知，Merlin’sKids帮助有情感问题的孩子。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据PawsWithaCause部分“Thisorganizationhasbeenaroundsince1979anditimprovestheindependenceandqualityoflifeforpeoplewithdisabilities.(该组织自1979年成立以来，一直致力于提高残疾人的独立性和生活质量)”可知，PawsWithaCause是1979年建立的。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据CanDoCanines部分“AdogfromalocalshelterhelpedstartCandoCaninesin1989.NamedAnnie,sheassistedherownerforeightyears.(1989年，一只来自当地收容所的狗帮助创立了CandoCanines。她的名字叫安妮，为她的主人服务了8年)”可知，Annie给了CanDoCanines一个好的开始。故选A。（2023春·江苏泰州·高二姜堰中学校考期中）Takeaspinonyouriceskatesattheworld’shighestoutdoorskatingrink(溜冰场),surroundedbythebreathtakingviewofsnow-coveredtreesandpicturesquemountains.Whetheryouarelookingforleisurelyiceskatingwithfamilyandfriendsorafriendlypickuphockey(冰球)gamewiththelocals,thisworld-classrinkisforyou.●OperatingDates&Times(Non-holidayPeriods)Sunday-Thursday11:00am-6:45pmFriday&Saturday10:00am-7:45pmHoursanddatesofoperationaresubjecttochangebaseduponweatherandconditions.●IceSkatingRentals(4:00pm-7:30pmdaily)SkatingSkateRentalHockeyStickyRentalHelmetRentalSouvenirPuckFREE$12$6$6$5Awaiver(弃权说明)needstobesignedbyallpersonswantingtorentskates,sticks,orhelmets.Ifyouare16andunderaparentorlegalguardian,theyneedtosignawaiverforyoubeforeyoucanrentskates.●HelpfulInformationNopedestriansarepermittedontherink.Allguestsmusthaveskates.Slapshotsandraisingthepuckaren’tpermitted.Helmetsrecommended.Strollersandwheelchairsaren’tpermittedontherink.Allparticipantsmustfollowtheattendant’sinstructions.Unsafeconductwillresultintheremovalofyourticketwithoutarefund.●HowtoGetThereFromtheVillageCentre—takeLara’sGondolatoHappyValley,andturnrightinfrontofHappyValleyDayLodgeforentrancetotheskatingrink.Byvehicle—parkintheHappyValleyParkingLotandproceedtotheskatingrink.●FacilitiesOlympic-sizedicesurface.Hotsnacks/drinksavailableforpurchaseintheHappyValleyDayLodge.HeatedwashroomfacilitiesintheHappyValleyDayLodge.Fullylitfornightskating.Professionalstoassistbeginners.7．Howmuchdoesitcosttorenttheequipmentforahockeygame?A．$12. B．$18. C．$29. D．$248．Whatisamustforaguesttoentertherink?A．Signingawaiver. B．Wearingskates.C．Rentingahelmet. D．Being16yearsold.9．Whichofthefollowinghighlightstherink?A．Itsagerange. B．Itshighestaltitude.C．Itsexcellentservice. D．Itseasyaccess.【答案】7．D8．B9．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上最高的室外溜冰场的开放时间，收费情况等具体信息。7．细节理解题。根据“IceSkatingRentals”（溜冰租金）中内容可知，“Skating”是免费的，“SkateRental”（滑冰鞋租赁）是12美元，“HockeyStickyRental”（冰棍租赁）是6美元，“HelmetRental”（头盔租赁）是6美元，“SouvenirPuck”（纪念冰球）是5美元，冰球比赛需要前三种装备，故冰球比赛租用装备需要24美元。故选D项。8．细节理解题。根据“HelpfulInformation”中“Allguestsmusthaveskates.”（所有客人都必须穿溜冰鞋。）可知，进入溜冰场必须穿溜冰鞋。故选B项。9．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Takeaspinonyouriceskatesattheworld’shighestoutdoorskatingrink(溜冰场),surroundedbythebreathtakingviewofsnow-coveredtreesandpicturesquemountains.”（在世界上最高的室外溜冰场上穿着冰鞋滑一圈冰，周围是白雪皑皑的树木和风景如画的群山，令人叹为观止。）可知，该溜冰场的亮点在于它是世界上海拔最高的溜冰场。故选B项。（2023春·江苏南京·高二江苏省溧水高级中学校考期中）ForthosewhohaveneverbeentoHarbin,there’salmostanendlesslistofthingstodo.Hereareseveralactivitiesthathavetobeincluded.TurningwaterintoinstanticeOnecan’tgototheIce-SnowWorldwithoutstoppingbytheSunIslandSnowExpo.Afterall,theformerisforappreciatingilluminated(照亮的)iceatnight,andthelatterisforcheckingoutsnowinthedaytime.Touristsfromthesouthmightbeastonishedbythebrightsunshinereflectedinthesnow,sodon’tforgetthesunscreen.Thisisalsoagoodplacetotoss(抛)waterandwatchitturnintoiceinstantly.Findasafeplacewithnoonenearby,andenjoytheuniquephenomenon.Snowtubing(雪地滑轮胎)ontheSonghuaRiverInwinter,theSonghuaRiverturnsinto“thousandsofmilesofice”andbecomesanaturalice-skatingrink.Thefrozenriveroffersopportunitiesformanydifferentwinteractivities.Butmakesuretheiceissolidbeforegoingstomping(跺脚)inthesnow.SpeedingdownYabuliSkiResortOneplaceyoushouldn’tmisswhenvisitingHarbinisYabuliSkiResort,whereyoucanskidownsplendidsnow-coveredmountains.Thesnowisthickandmoderatelyhard.Therearejunior,middleandseniorskiruns.Professionalstaffareavailabletoimproveyourskiingability.10．Ifyouwanttoenjoyanightscene,whichisthebestchoice?A．TheSonghuaRiver. B．TheIce-SnowWorld.C．YabuliSkiResort. D．TheSunIslandSnowExpo.11．WhatcanvisitorsdoinHarbin?A．Choosedifferentroutesbasedontheirskiingability.B．Getprofessionalguidanceforfreewhileskating.C．Godowntheworld’slongesticeslideonSonghuaRiver.D．Tosswaterandwatchitturnintoicewhereveryouwant.12．Whatdoesthepassageserveas?A．Anannouncement. B．Anapplication.C．Anintroduction. D．Anadvertisement.【答案】10．B11．A12．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文给要去哈尔滨游玩的人推荐了几个一定要去体验的项目。10．细节理解题。根据Turningwaterintoinstantice部分中“Onecan’tgototheIceSnowWordwithoutstoppingbytheSunIslandSnowExpo.Afterall,theformerisforappreciatingilluminated(照亮的)iceatnight,andthelatterisforcheckingoutsnowinthedaytime.”（去冰雪世界不能不去太阳岛冰雪博览会。毕竟，前者是在晚上欣赏照亮的冰，而后者是在白天看雪。）可知，如果你想欣赏夜景，冰雪世界是最好的选择。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据SpeedingdownYabuliSkiResort部分中“Oneplaceyoushouldn’tmisswhenvisitingHarbinisYabuliSkiResort”（游览哈尔滨时不容错过的一个地方是亚布力滑雪场）和“Therearejunior,middleandseniorskiruns.”（有初级滑雪道，中级滑雪道和高级滑雪道。）可推知，在哈尔滨游客可以根据自己的滑雪能力选择适合自己的滑雪道。故选A。12．推理判断题。根据第一段“ForthosewhohaveneverbeentoHarbin,there’salmostanendlesslistofthingstodo.Hereareseveralactivitiesthathavetobeincluded.”（对于那些从未去过哈尔滨的人来说，这里几乎有无穷无尽的事情要做。这里有几个必须包括在内的活动。）可知，本文给要去哈尔滨游玩的人介绍了几个一定要去体验的项目，所以本文是一则旅游项目介绍。故选C。（2023春·江苏扬州·高二统考开学考试）HighSchoolStudioWorkshopsSinglemuseumvisit,2.5hoursGrades9–12Thesehalf-dayartworkshopsincludeanin-depthexaminationanddiscussionofworksofartinthegalleries,followedbybehind-the-scenesaccesstotheEducationStudio,wherestudentscreatearelatedartproject.Duringtheworkshop,NationalGalleryofArteducatorswillencouragestudentstolookcarefullyatworksofartandthensharetheirresponsesanddeveloptheoriesbasedontheirobservations.Studentswillhavetheopportunitytocreateaworkofartinthestudioinspiredbywhattheyhaveseeninthegalleries.MuseumMakers:ExploringArtandMuseumsGrades11–12TheMuseumMakersprogramexplainshowmuseumsoperateandwhattheyhavetooffer.Itgivesupper-levelhighschoolstudentsthetoolstoexperience,understandandinterpretart.Participantswillgainaninsider’sviewofhowanartmuseumworks.StudentsmeetforsevenSaturdaysessionsfrom10:00amto3:00pm.Completionoftheprogramrequiresattendanceofallsevensessions.CreativeWritingintheGalleriesGrades7–12,90minutesStudentswillprovideavoicefortheirpersonalresponsestoartthroughcreativewritingwhilelookingataselectionofartworksinthegalleries.Usingcloseobservation,groupdiscussion,andpersonalreflection,theywillbeguidedthroughexercisesthatusedifferentwritingforms,includingfree-formpoetry.Amaximumof30students(minimumof15)willbeaccommodated(容纳)ateachsession.13．WhatcanstudentsdoduringHighSchoolStudioWorkshops?A．TheycanexperiencethescenicaccessintheEducationStudio.B．Theycanbeofferedtheopportunitytoanartentranceexamination.C．Theycanexpresstheiropinionsanddeveloptheirobservationabilities.D．Theycancreateanartworkrelatedtowhathasbeenseeninthegalleries.14．Whatdothethreeactivitieshaveincommon?A．Theylimitthenumberofvisitors. B．Theyaresuitablefora12thgrader.C．Theyletvisitorsmakehandicrafts. D．Theylastamorningoranafternoon.15．Wheremightthisarticlebechosen?A．Atraveljournal. B．Aresearchreport.C．Anartmagazine. D．Ateachingdesign.【答案】13．D14．B15．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个国家艺术馆的课程情况。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据HighSchoolStudioWorkshops部分“Studentswillhavetheopportunitytocreateaworkofartinthestudioinspiredbywhattheyhaveseeninthegalleries.(学生们将有机会在工作室里创作一件艺术作品，灵感来自他们在画廊里看到的东西。)”可知学生们可以创作与在画廊里看到的东西相关的艺术品。故选D项。2.细节理解题。细节理解题。根据HighSchoolStudioWorkshopsSinglemuseumvisit部分“Singlemuseumvisit,2.5hoursGrades9–12(单次参观博物馆，9-12年级2.5小时)”；MuseumMakers:ExploringArtandMuseums部分“Grades11–12(11-12年级)”以及CreativeWritingintheGalleries部分“Grades7–12,90minutes(7-12年级，90分钟)”可知，这三种活动的共同之处是都适合12年级学生。故选B项。3.推理判断题。根据HighSchoolStudioWorkshops部分“Thesehalf-dayartworkshopsincludeanin-depthexaminationanddiscussionofworksofartinthegalleries,followedbyabehind-the-scenesvisittotheEducationStudio,wherestudentscreatearelatedartproject.(这些半天的艺术工作坊包括对画廊中的艺术作品的深入研究和讨论，然后是对教育工作室的幕后访问，在那里学生们创建一个相关的艺术项目)”；MuseumMakers:ExploringArtandMuseums部分“Itgivesupper-levelhighschoolstudentsthetoolstoexperience,understandandexplainart.(它为高中高年级学生提供了体验、理解和解释艺术的工具)”以及CreativeWritingintheGalleries部分“Studentswillprovideavoicefortheirpersonalresponsestoartthroughcreativewritingwhilelookingataselectionofartworksinthegalleries.(学生们将通过创意写作来表达他们对艺术的个人反应，同时在画廊里观看精选的艺术品)”可知文章主要介绍了与艺术相关的项目情况，所以文章选自艺术杂志。故选C项。（2023春·江苏连云港·高二统考期中）EverythingEverywhereAllatOnce,themostawardedfilmatthisyear’sOscarsawardsceremonymanagedtowinsevenOscars.ButamongthefilmsIsaw,eachonewasnominated(提名)forvariousawardsthisyear.Elvis:NominatedforeightOscars,wonzero.Fromtheclassicmusictothebrilliantacting,Ibelieveitshouldhavewoninsomeofthecategoriesitwasnominatedfor.Thismovieshouldhaveoneforthebestmakeupandhairstyling.IalsobelieveAustinButlershouldhavewonbestactor.Avatar:TheWayofWater:NominatedforfourOscars,wonone.ConsideringalmosteverythinginthismoviewasmadewithCGItechnology,Iagreethatitdeservedthewinforbestvisualeffects.ThebeautifulandmesmerizingworldofPandorawasonceagainbroughttolifebyJamesCameroninthissecondpartoftheoriginalAvatar(2009).TopGun:Maverick:NominatedforsixOscars,wonone.ThissecondpartoftheoriginalTopGun(1986),rightfullydeservedtheawardforbestsound.TomCruise,onceagain,provedthathecanmakeagreatmovieandalotofmoneyatthesametime.BlackPanther:WakandaForever:NominatedforfiveOscars,wonone.Outofthe5awardsthisfollowingoftheoriginalBlackPanther(2018)receivedthisyear,theywonforbestcostumedesign.AngelaBassett’sperformanceinthismoviewasalsoincredible.ShedeservedhernominationbutRuthCarter,earnedherwin.16．Whichfilmisthemostregrettableduringthe2023Oscars?A．Elvis. B．Avatar:TheWayofWater.C．TopGun:Maverick. D．BlackPanther:WakandaForever.17．Whogainedbothreputationandwealthduringthe2023Oscars?A．AustinButler. B．JamesCameron. C．TomCruise. D．AngelaBassett.18．Whatdothelistedfilmshaveincommon?A．Theywereaboutwars.B．Theywerenominated.C．TheywonOscarsawards.D．Theyhavethesecondpart.【答案】16．A17．C18．B【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了四部作者看过的获得了奥斯卡提名的电影。16．推理判断题。根据小标题“Elvis:NominatedforeightOscars,wonzero.(猫王：八项奥斯卡提名，一次也没有获奖)”下的段落中“Fromtheclassicmusictothebrilliantacting,Ibelieveitshouldhavewoninsomeofthecategoriesitwasnominatedfor.

Thismovieshouldhaveoneforthebestmakeupandhairstyling.

IalsobelieveAustinButlershouldhavewonbestactor.(从经典音乐到出色的表演，我相信它应该赢得一些提名的奖项。这部电影应该有一个最佳化妆和发型奖。我也认为奥斯汀·巴特勒应该获得最佳男演员)”可知，作者认为Elvis应该能赢得一些提名的奖项，但是却一个也没有。由此可知，Elvis是2023年奥斯卡最令人遗憾的电影。故选A项。17．细节理解题。根据小标题TopGun:Maverick:NominatedforsixOscars,wonone.下的段落中“ThissecondpartoftheoriginalTopGun(1986),rightfullydeservedtheawardforbestsound.

TomCruise,onceagain,provedthathecanmakeagreatmovieandalotofmoneyatthesametime.(这是《壮志凌云》(1986)的第二部，当之无愧地获得了最佳音效奖。汤姆·克鲁斯再一次证明了他可以在拍好电影的同时赚很多钱)”可知，汤姆·克鲁斯在2023年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上获得了声誉和财富。故选C项。18．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButamongthefilmsIsaw,eachonewasnominatedforvariousawardsthisyear.(但在我看过的电影中，今年每部电影都获得了各种奖项的提名)”可知，这些电影的共同之处是他们都被提名了。故选B项。（2022秋·江苏盐城·高二盐城市第一中学校联考期末）Fourbesteco-friendlyonlinestoresIntoday’sdigitalworld,convenienceandspeedarethekey.Onlineshoppingcontinuestogrow,andsodoemissionsandtheuseofsingle-useplastics,inadditiontootherpackagingproducts.Thankfully,thereareplentyofeco-friendlyonlinestoresoutthereforthosewhoenjoytheeaseofonlineshopping.EartheasyEartheasyofferscountlessnaturallawnandgardenitems,anditemstostartgrowingyourownvegetableslikeraisedgardenbeds,greenhouses,andplanters.Thecompanyreusesshippingboxesandpackagingwhenpossible.EartheasyalsosupportsTreesfortheFuturebyplantingatreeforeveryorderplacedonline,andpartnerstheEPAWaterSenseprogramtopromotewaterconservation.ThriveMarketWantorganicgroceriesdelivereddirectlytoyourdoor?CheckoutThriveMarket,anonline,membership-basedmarket.Forjust$5amonth,yougetaccesstomorethan6,000sustainableproductsanywhereat25%-50%retail(零售)prices.Besides,ThriveMarketuseseco-friendlyshipping,zero-wastewarehouses(仓库),andrecyclablepackaging.Themarket’sone-for-onemembershipmatchingprogrammeansthatyourpaidmembershipgivesafreeonetoalow-incomefamily.Youcanstartwitharisk-free30-daytrialtoseeifitworkswithyourlifestyle.EcoRootsProductsfromEcoRootsareshippedcompletelyplasticfreewithshippingmaterialsmadefrom100%recyclablematerials.Thecompanyoffersaseriesofhomegoods.EcoRootsisamemberof1%forthePlanet,anddonates1%ofsalesannuallytowardssustainabilityprograms.MadeTradeMadeTradetriestosourcematerialsthatarelocaltotheregionwhereproductsarebeingmade,andemploysmakersandartisansaroundtheworldusingtraditionalartformstomakeclothing.SustainableproductsofferedbyMadeTradeuseresponsiblyharvestedrawmaterials,recycledmaterials,andall-natural,eco-friendlyplant-baseddyes(染料).19．Whichstorewillattractthegardeners?A．EcoRoots. B．Eartheasy. C．MadeTrade. D．ThriveMarket.20．WhatisspecialaboutThriveMarket?A．Itsupportsgreenpractices.B．Iteducatespeopletosavemoney.C．Itgivespeopleachancetoadjusttheirlifestyle.D．Itcanprovideservicesforpoorfamiliesfornothing.21．WhatcanconsumersgetfromMadeTrade?A．Organicgroceries. B．Cheaphomegoods.C．Vegetablesthatarelocaltotheirregion. D．Clothesmadefromeco-friendlymaterials.【答案】19．B20．D21．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个最环保的网上商店。19．细节理解题。根据Eartheasy部分的“Eartheasyofferscountlessnaturallawnandgardenitems,anditemstostartgrowingyourownvegetableslikeraisedgardenbeds,greenhouses,andplanters.(Eartheasy提供了无数的天然草坪和花园物品，以及开始种植自己的蔬菜的物品，如增高的花园床，温室和花盆。)”可知，Eartheasy会吸引园丁。故选B。20．细节理解题。根据ThriveMarket部分的“Themarket’sone-for-onemembershipmatchingprogrammeansthatyourpaidmembershipgivesafreeonetoalow-incomefamily.(该市场的一送一会员匹配计划意味着你的付费会员可以给一个低收入家庭一个免费的会员。)”可知，ThriveMarket的特别之处是它可以免费为贫困家庭提供服务。故选D。21．细节理解题。根据MadeTrade部分的“SustainableproductsofferedbyMadeTradeuseresponsiblyharvestedrawmaterials,recycledmaterials,andall-natural,eco-friendlyplant-baseddyes.(MadeTrade提供的可持续产品使用负责任的原材料，回收材料和全天然，环保的植物染料。)”可知，消费者能从MadeTrade得到由环保材料制成的衣服。故选D。（2023春·江苏镇江·高二统考期中）ISC’ssportcampsaretheonlyresidentialcampsinSpainthatfocusonsport-specificdevelopmentwith3hoursoftrainingeveryafternoon,watersportsactivitieseverymorningattheMediterraneanseaandleisureactivitiesduringtheevenings.Withcoachingfromprofessionalstaff,youaresuretoleavethecampwithanexperienceyou’llneverforget.Weofferportcampsforschooltripsthroughouttheyear.DuringthemonthsofJulyandAugust,oursportsummercampsareaimedtowardsyoungstudentsof13to18yearsofage.Duringtherestoftheyear,ourcampsareaimedatsportschoolsinordertodevelopandnurture(培养)youngtalents.Wheredoesittakeplace?ThissummercamppackagetakesplaceinAlicante,Spain.Withanaverageof300sunnydaysayear,andanaveragetemperatureof18degrees,thiscoastalcityisoneofthemostdesiredMediterraneantouristdestinations.Duringtheleisuretime,camperswillbeabletojoininactivitiessuchasvisitingthecastleofAlicante,visitingtheMARQmuseum,walkingaroundthefishingtownofCampelloandetc.AccommodationAllofourstudentswillbestayingatISCCampusnexttotheUniversityofAlicante.Thecampus’facilitiesandroomsprovideallthehomelycomfortseagercamperswillneed.HereatISCSpainwetakecareofallthelittledetails,sothateachandeveryoneofourstudentscanfeelathome.22．WhatdoISCsportcampsoffer?A．Watersportsintheevening. B．Admissiontosportschools.C．Leisureactivitieseverymorning. D．Guidancefromprofessionals.23．WhatdoweknowaboutAlicante?A．ItisacastlenearCampello. B．Itisapopulartouristdestination.C．Itisacoastalcitywithahotclimate. D．Itisbest-knownforsummersportcamps.24．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．TopromoteasummercamppackageofISC．B．Torecommendanidealplaceforsportcamps.C．TodescribetheactivitiesinISC’ssportcamps.D．Tointroducetherequirementofasummercamppackage.【答案】22．D23．B24．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了ISC体育夏令营，具体给出了夏令营的活动内容、面向对象、举行的地点和住宿等相关信息。22．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Withcoachingfromprofessionalstaff,youaresuretoleavethecampwithanexperienceyou’llneverforget.(在专业人员的指导下，你一定会带着一段难忘的经历离开营地)”可知，ISC体育夏令营会提供专业人士的指导。故选D。23．细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThissummercamppackagetakesplaceinAlicante,Spain.Withanaverageof300sunnydaysayear,andanaveragetemperatureof18degrees,thiscoastalcityisoneofthemostdesiredMediterraneantouristdestinations.(这个夏令营套餐在西班牙的阿利坎特进行。每年平均有300个晴天，平均气温为18摄氏度，这个沿海城市是最令人向往的地中海旅游目的地之一)”可知，阿利坎特气候宜人，是一个旅游胜地。故选B。24．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章以第一人称介绍了ISC体育夏令营，具体给出了夏令营的活动内容、面向对象、举行的地点和住宿等相关信息，全文在突出参与夏令营的收获、好处。由此推知，文章是为了推广ISC夏令营，吸引更多的人参与其中。故选A。（2023春·江苏徐州·高二统考期中）JobpostingPosition:MarketingCoordinator;GraphicDesigner;AccountManagerCompany:ABCEnterprisesLocation:Chicago,ILSalary:$80,000-$100,000peryearDeadlineforApplications:April1,2023Areyoulookingforanexcitingcareeropportunity?Looknofurther!Ourcompanyisseekingtalentedindividualstojoinourteam.Wearealeadingmarketingandadvertisingfirm,specializingincreatingdynamiccampaignsforourclientsacrossvariousindustries.Wearecurrentlyseekingcandidatesforthefollowingpositions:MarketingCoordinatorRequirements:Bachelor’sdegreeinMarketingorrelatedfield,2+yearsofexperienceinmarketing,proficiencyinMicrosoftOffice,excellentcommunicationskills,andabilitytoworkinateamenvironment.GraphicDesignerRequirements:Bachelor’sdegreeinGraphicDesignorrelatedfield,3+yearsofexperienceingraphicdesign,proficiencyinAdobeCreativeSuite,excellentattentiontodetail,andabilitytomanagemultipleprojectssimultaneously.AccountManagerRequirements:Bachelor’sdegreeinBusinessorrelatedfield,5+yearsofexperienceinaccountmanagement,exceptionalinterpersonalskills,andabilitytoworkeffectivelyunderpressure.Weofferacompetitivesalaryandbenefitspackage,includinghealthinsurance,paidtimeoff,flexibleworkhours,andopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopment.Weencourageallqualifiedindividualstoapply,regardlessoftheirrace,gender,religion,sexualorientation,ordisabilitystatus.Ifyouareinterestedinapplyingforanyofthesepositions,pleasesubmityourresume,coverletter,andreferencestocareers@.ThedeadlineforapplicationsisApril1,2023.25．WhoisthepotentialcandidatefortheMarketingCoordinatorposition?A．ABachelorofMarketing,2yrsexperience&detail-oriented.B．ABachelorofMarketing,1yrsexperience&communicateswell.C．ABachelorofMarketing,4yrsexperience&workswellunderpressure.D．ABachelorofMarketing,3yrsexperience,MSOfficeproficiency&teamwork.26．WhichofthefollowingservicedoesABCEnterprisesoffer?A．ABCEnterprisescreatescampaignsforthepresident.B．ABCEnterprisesprovidesmoneyexchangeservicestoclients.C．ABCE