2022-2023学年山东省青岛市崂山区八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年山东省青岛市崂山区八年级（下）期末英语试卷一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）1.Theyoungmanoftengives_______helpinghandtotheoldinhisneighbourhood.（）A.a B.an C.the D./2.InChina，each______canhavethreechildrenaccordingtothethree-childpolicy（政策）.（）A.

person B.

god C.

couple D.

emperor3.MrWangdidalottoimprovetheworking_____fortheworkersofthefactory.（）A.

development B.

habit C.

success D.

condition4.-Whosenotebookisit，Mary？Isit_____？

-No，it'snotmine.It'sJohn's.（）A.

his B.

mine C.

yours D.

hers5.Momsaidgoodbyetomewithasmile，buthereyescouldn't_____hersadness.（）A.

lose B.

cover C.

catch D.

hide6.Inorderto______enoughVitaminC，weshouldeatsomefruitandvegetableseveryday.（）A.

take

off B.

take

down C.

take

in D.

take

up7.-Stopshoutinginthelibrary.DoImakemyself________？

-Yes.Iwon'tdothatagain.（）A.

clear B.

proper C.

difficult D.

wrong8.Itsnowedallnight，andthecitywas______coveredwithwhiteandbeautifulsnow.（）A.

recently B.

completely C.

suddenly D.

typically9.IamlookingforabirthdaygiftforAnna，butIcan'tfind________interesting.（）A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing10.Wecan'tcrosstheestreet________thelightsturnsgreen.（）A.when B.after C.if D.until二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）DoyouknowhowricefirstcametoChina？ThereisanoldChinesestory.Itisaboutalittlegirlwhowentoutto（1）______.Therewasafamine（饥荒）andeverybodywasvery（2）______.

Thelittlegirlfeltherfishingnetgrowingheavyandwasveryhappy.However，itwastheKingofFrogsthatshecaught.Whenthefrogknewthegirlwanted（3）______toeat，thefrogpromisedherthathecouldhelpher.Thefrogtoldhertoholdoutherfishingnettothesun'sraysandhewouldsingamagicsong.Thelittlegirl（4）______hisinstructions（指令）.Shewasgreatlysurprisedtoseethesunshinefallingthroughthenet.Andtheywerechangedintorice.Thefirstricewasthoughttoarriveinthisway.

Wedonotknow（5）______thisstoryistrueornot，butittellsusthatricehasthe（6）______valueasgoldtotheChinese.RiceisalwaysthemainfoodfortheChinese.For（7）______，muchlandhasbeenusedtoplantriceandmanyChinesepeopleare（8）______.Theyworkveryhard（9）______eachrice.

It'simportanttoservefoodandsay（10）______towaste.Afterall，wastenot，wantnot.11.

A.swim B.skate C.fish D.sleep12.

A.tired B.hungry C.thirsty D.excited13.

A.nothing B.anything C.something D.somebody14.

A.supported B.broke C.followed D.hated15.

A.if B.whether C.where D.whenever16.

A.same B.different C.silly D.unfair17.

A.days B.weeks C.months D.centuries18.

A.farmers B.workers C.doctors D.teachers19.

A.among B.through C.without D.for20.

A.yes B.hello C.Chinese D.no三、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题，共5.0分）21.AslowtraininSouthwestChinawithitsownstudyroomhasgotmuchattention（关注）.ThetrainNo5609/5610runsbetweenChongqingandXiushancounty.（1）______

Insomecarriages（车厢），therearenoseatsbutdesksandchairsnexttothewindows.Theybecome"studycarriages"forpassengersinneed.（2）______meaning"travelingandreadinghappily".

ThetrainNo5609/5610isnottheonlyoneofthiskind.Other"slowtrains"havebecome"studycarriages"，too，includingNo5619/5620and5633/5634.TheyrunalongtheChengdu-KunmingRailway.（3）______Thetrainsaretheirschoolbusesandtheyoftenusethetraveltimetofinishhomework.Manypassengersalsousethetraveltimetocompletework.

A"bookbar"carriageonthetrainNoZ150hasbeenpopularwithcollegestudents.（4）______Therearenearly400universitiesandcollegesinthecitiesalongtheline.Moststudentsfromthosecollegesliketochoosethistrain.（5）______Itprovidesstudentswithalendinglibrary，freeteaandotherservicesatnight.It'sarelaxingplaceforthestudentstocontinuetheirstudies.

A.It'sfarfromthecity.

B.ItrunsbetweenGuiyangandBeijing.

C.Youcanevenplaysportsonthetrain.

D.Itisapublic-welfare（公益的）"slowtrain".

E.Since2015，thetrain'sdiningcarhasbeenopenforfreeatnight.

F.Onthetrain，thereareChinesewordsincluding"YuYueZhiLv"，

G.Studentsfromnearbyschoolsoftentakethetrainbetweenschoolandhome.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)四、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）AAteacherletherclassplayagame.Theteachertoldeachchildrentobringabagwithafewpotatoesinit.Theywillgiveeachpotatoanameofapersonthattheyhate，sothenumberofpotatoeswilldependonthenumberofpeopletheyhate.

Sowhenthedaycame，everychildbroughtsomepotatoeswiththenameofthepeoplehehated.Somehad2potatoes；some3whilesomeupto5potatoes.Theteacherthentoldthechildrentocarrythepotatoeswiththemwherevertheywent（eventothetoilet）forsixweeks.

Dayspassedby.Therotten（腐烂的）potatoesgaveoutunpleasantsmellandthechildrenstartedtocomplain.Thechildrenwith5potatoesalsohadtocarryheavierbags.Thegameendedsixweekslater.Theteacherasked，Howdidyoufeelwhilecarryingthepotatoeswithyouforweeks？"Thechildrenspokeouttheirfeelingsandstartedcomplainingofthetroublebecausetheyhadtocarrytheheavyandsmellypotatoeswherevertheywent.

Thentheteachertoldthemthehiddenmeaningbehindthegame."Thisisexactlythesituationwhenyoucarryyourhateforsomebodyinsideyourheart.Theunpleasantsmellofhatewillpolluteyourheartandyouwillcarryitwithyouwhereveryougo.Ifyoucan'ttolerate（忍受）thesmellofrottenpotatoesforjustsixweeks，canyouimaginewhatitisliketohavehateinyourheartforyourlifetime？22.Howmanypotatoescouldthechildrenputintheirbags？______A.Atleasttwo.

B.Fiveatmost.

C.Thesameasthenumberofpeopletheyhated.

D.Thesameasthenumberofpeopleintheirfamily.23.WhatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedpartinParagraph3？______A.Thechildrendidn'tknowwhattodoandwereinsilence.

B.Thechildrenwerenothappyorsatisfied（满意）withsomething.

C.Thechildrenunderstoodandsupportedtheteacher'sdecision.

D.Thechildrenguessedandimaginedtheirlifewithoutthepotatoes.24.Howdidthechildrenfeelwhilecarryingthepotatoesforweeks？______A.Interestedbuttired. B.Sadandworried.

C.Excitedandpleased. D.Tiredandupset.25.Whatlessondoestheteachertrytoteachthechildren？______A.It'snevertoolatetoloveandhelpothers.

B.It'snoteasytolearntocontrolbadfeelings.

C.Trytokeepawayfromthepeopleyoudislike.

D.Throwawayhateforanyonefromyourheart.26.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage？______A.Somechildrendidn'tfinishthegame.

B.Thepotatomeansthepersontheylike.

C.Thegameendedoneandahalfmonthslater.

D.Theydon'tneedtocarrythepotatoeswhentheygotothetoilet.BScientistshavefoundfloatingsolarpanels（浮动太阳能电池板）couldprovideahugeamountofelectricity（电量）iftheyareputonwater.Theycouldalsohelpsavewaterandprotectland.

Solarpanelsareusedtoturnsunlightintoelectricity.Mostsolarpanelsareonland.Butrecentlypeoplehavebeguntoputfloatingsolarpanelsonwater.

Thescientistsstudied114，555reservoirs（水库）intheworld.Theycovered30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.Andthentheyusedcomputerprogramstofindouthowmuchelectricitytheycouldmakeayear."Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge-morethantwicetheamountoftheenergytheUSmakesinayear，and10timesasmuchenergyasallthesolarpowernowbeingmadeintheworld，"saidoneofthescientists.

Thescientistsfoundfloatingsolarpanelswouldbeespeciallyusefulwhenreservoirswerenearsmallercities.Theycouldprovidealltheelectricitythecitiesneed.Floatingsolarpanelscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation（限制燕发）fromreservoirs.Solarpanelscoveringjust30%ofthereservoirscouldsaveasmuchwateras300，000peoplewoulduseinayear.

Thereareseveralotherreasonsthatmakefloatingsolarpanelsagoodidea.Solarpanelsworkbetterwhenthey'renotveryhot.Thewaterhelpscoolthepanelssothattheymakemoreenergy.Puttingsolarpanelsonwateralsomeansthere'snoneedtoclearlandforasolarfarm.

Coveringareservoirwithpanelscouldaffect（影响）theplantsandanimalsinthewater.Itwillbeimportanttostudyhowtheywillaffectwaterineachreservoir.Man-madereservoirswillsolvesomeofthoseproblems.27.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy？______A.Scientistsweresurprisedattheresults.

B.Nowmostsolarpanelsareputonwater.

C.114，555floatingsolarpanelswereusedinthestudy.

D.Scientistsstudied30%ofthereservoirsintheworld.28.HowdoesthewritershowfloatingsolarpanelscansavewaterinParagraph4？______A.Byusingsayings. B.Byaskingaquestion.

C.Bygivinganexample. D.Bymakingaprediction.29.HowmanyreasonsaregiveninParagraph5？______A.Four. B.Three C.Two. D.One30.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin"______"？______A.Floatingsolarpanelsaren'tperfect.

B.Theideaisgettingpopularintheworld.

C.Theideaisn'tasunusualasitmightseem.

D.Thestudyoffloatingsolarpanelsarestillstrange.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？______A.Theimportanceofcleanenergy.

B.Theadviceonreservoirprotection.

C.Thewayofmakinguseofreservoirs.

D.Theadvantages（优点）offloatingsolarpanels.五、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）32.Jacoblivedatthefootofthemountains.Therewasathickforest，andtheboyloveditverymuch.Heknewthebirdsandotheranimalsthereverywell.

Oneday，whilehewasplayingintheforest，Jacobfoundaneaglewithabrokenwing（翅膀）.Itfelloffatalltree.Jacobpickeditupandtookithome.Hecleaneditswingwithwarmwater.Thenhecarefullyputthemedicineonthewing.Andhemadeabedforthelittlebirdtolieon.

Jacobfedtheeaglewithfreshmilkeveryday.Asthebirdgotstronger，itstartedtofollowJacobeverywhere.Jacobknewhecouldnotkeepitforlong.Itwastimetosettheeaglefree.Earlyonemorning，Jacobtooktheeaglehighupahill.Hethenletitgo.它愉快地飞向天空。Butsoon，itseemedtoremembersomething.ItflewdownagainandfollowedJacoballday.Itwasgettingdark.Jacobhadtodosomething.Herantoanearbycave（洞穴）sothatitcouldn'tfindhim.

根据短文内容回答问题。(1)WhatwasthematterwiththeeaglewhenJacobfoundit？______(2)HowdidJacoblookaftertheeagle？（不超过30词）______(3)WhydidJacobtaketheeaglehighupthehill？______(4)Afterreadingthepassage，whatdoyouthinkofJacob？Whydoyouthinkso？______(5)根据短文内容填空，限填1词。

Theeaglecouldn'tfindJacobbecausehe______inanearbycave.(6)将划线句子译为英文。______33.Whencharactersfallthroughtheskyincartoons，theyoftenlieonclouds.Whatisacloud？Andwhatwoulditfeelliketotouchacloudinreallife？

Believeitornot，manyofushavealreadytouchedacloudthoughweprobablydidn'trealizeitatthetime."Cloudsarereallylittledropsofwaterintheair，"saysKristinaPistone，ascientistfromNASA."Ifyou'veeverwalkedoutsideonareally①daywhereyoucan'tseeveryfar，you'rewalkingthroughacloud，"Pistonesaid.That'sbecausefogisjustakindof②thatformsontheground.

AccordingtotheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization，therearemorethan100kindsofclouds.ButPistonesaidthatwithabitofpractice，anyonecanlearntorecognizesomeofthemorecommonclouds：

Altocumulusclouds（高积云）Theyarewhiteorgrayroundclouds.Theylooklikethewool（羊毛）ofsheepsotheygetthename"sheepbacks".Cumulonimbusclouds（积雨云）Theyriseintotowersandlooklikelargeflowers.Cirrocumulusclouds（卷积云）Theyaresmall，whitecloudsoftenappearinginlines.Cirrusclouds（卷云）Theyarethin，whitepiecesofcloudsthatlieacrossthesky.Cloudcolorisalsointeresting.Blackordarkcloudsusuallymeanastormiscomingbecausethey'resofullofwaterthatlightcan'tpassthroughthem.

Allofthisisimportantforscientiststostudybecausealotofbigwhitecloudshelpreflect（反射）heatbackintospace.云能对天气变化起作用。

Sothenexttimeyouseeaskyfullofwhiteclouds，thinkaboutallthewaysthoselittlewaterdropsmightbeaffectingtheworldaroundus-notonlybyrainingorsnowing，butbychangingtheplanet'stemperature!(1)将划线句子Whencharactersfallthroughtheskyincartoons，theyoftenlieonclouds.译为汉语。______(2)在①②处填入适当的词语，每空限填1词。

①______

②______(3)选出划线词汇recognize的汉语意思。______

A.辨认

B.混淆

C.影响

D.遗忘(4)选出与四种云相匹配的图片。

①Altocumulusclouds______

②Cumulonimbusclouds______

③Cirrocumulusclouds______

④Cirrusclouds______

(5)写出划线词汇them指代的内容。______(6)将划线句子"云能对天气变化起作用。"译为英语。______六、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）34."Ifeelgreat!"saidWangYapingwhenshecameoutoftheTiangongspacestation.

（1）______November7，the41-year-oldmadehistory.ShebecameChina's（2）______（one）femalespacewalker!Wang，togetherwithastronautZhaiZhigang，completeda6.5-hourspacewalk.

Wang'sspacedreamstartedin2003.Inthatyear，China（3）______（send）YangLiweiintospace.Inordertoachieve（4）______（she）dream，shepushedherselfhardandgotthesametrainingasmen.

Since1984，only16womenaroundtheworld（5）______（do）spacewalks，accordingtoGlobalTimes.Butfemalespacewalkersareveryimportanttospaceexploration（探索）.

Yangsaidthathumansmayliveonsomeother（6）______（planet）someday.Wangsaidthatasastronauts，womenhavetheirownadvantages.Womencanbetterdealwithloneliness，soitismuch（7）______forthemtostaylongerinspace.Itisveryimportant（8）______（study）howfemalebodiesfitthespaceenvironment.That's（9）______Wang'sspacewalkisimportant.

Ifyouhaveachance，willyouchoosetobecome（10）______astronautanddothespacewalk？Why？(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）35.在你的成长历程中，父母给予了很多，请你以"感恩父母"为主题，给父母写一封信，词数80-100。文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总数。文中必须包含以下内容：

（1）Parents'careandlove

（2）Anunforgettablethingbetweenyouandparents

（3）Yourthanks

ALettertoMyParentsDearMumandDad，

LovefromLiHua

答案和解析1.【答案】A【解析】空处表示泛指，且helping以辅音音素开头，故应用a。

故选：A。

这位年轻人经常帮助邻居的老人。

本题考查冠词，表示泛指，应用a/an。

2.【答案】C【解析】person人；god上帝；couple夫妇；emperor皇帝。根据"according

to

the

three-child

policy"可知，此处是"根据三孩政策，每对夫妇可以生三个孩子"。

故选：C。

在中国，根据三孩政策，每对夫妇可以生三个孩子。

考查名词的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。

3.【答案】D【解析】development发展；habit习惯；success成功；condition状况。根据"Mr

Wang

did

a

lot

to

improve

the

working"可知，此处是"王先生为改善工厂工人的工作条件做了许多工作"。

故选：D。

王先生为改善工厂工人的工作条件做了许多工作。

考查名词辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。

4.【答案】C【解析】his他的，物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据Whosenotebookis

this？（这是谁的笔记本？）及No，it's

not

mine.（不，不是我的。）可知问的是"这是你的吗"，用yours"你的"代替yournotebook"你的笔记本"。

故选：C。

—这是谁的笔记本，玛丽？是你的吗？

—不，不是我的。这是约翰的。

掌握代词的用法，分析选项，结合语境选择正确答案。

5.【答案】D【解析】A.失去；B.覆盖；C.抓住；D.隐藏。根据her

eyes

couldn't

_____

her

sadness，可知是指她的眼睛无法掩饰她的悲伤。

故选：D。

妈妈微笑着对我说再见，但她的眼睛无法掩饰她的悲伤。

熟悉动词词义及用法，结合题意，给出答案。

6.【答案】C【解析】A

take

off飞机起飞，脱下衣服；B.take

down取下；C.take

in理解，吸收，摄入；D.take

up占据。根据宾语enough

Vitamin

C（维生素C）可知，动词只能搭配take

in（摄入）。

故选：C。

为了摄入足够的维C，我们每天都应该吃一些水果和蔬菜。

掌握不同动词词组的词义是解答此题的关键。

7.【答案】A【解析】A.清楚的；B.正确的，合适的；C.困难的；D.错误的。根据Stop

shouting

in

the

library.Do

I

make

myself，可知是指：不要在图书馆里大喊大叫。我说得清楚了吗？

故选：A。

-不要在图书馆里大喊大叫。我说得清楚了吗？

-是的。我不会再那样做了。

熟悉形容词词义及用法，结合题意，给出答案。

8.【答案】B【解析】recently最近；completely完全；suddenly突然；typically典型地。根据"下了一整夜的雪"可知，整个城市"完全"被白色美丽的雪覆盖着。

故选：B。

下了一整夜的雪，整个城市完全被白色美丽的雪覆盖着。

要结合语境，辨析副词用法，选择合适答案完成试题。

9.【答案】B【解析】something某物；anything任何东西；everything一切；nothing没有任何东西。此题是否定句，所以anything符合题意。

故选：B。

我正在为安娜寻找一份生日礼物，但我没有找到有趣的任何东西。

本题考查不定代词辨析，基础题，熟悉每个选项的用法及含义，根据题干即可作出选择。

10.【答案】D【解析】A.当……时；B.在……之后；C.是否；D.直到。根据句意：直到绿灯亮了我们才能过马路。考查句型not...until...直到……才……

故选：D。

直到绿灯亮了我们才能过马路。

熟悉时间状语从句的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

11~20.【答案】C、B、C、C、B、A、D、A、D、D【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：中国有一个古老的故事，讲的是一个小女孩出去钓鱼。A.游泳；B.滑冰；C.钓鱼；D.睡觉。根据The

little

girl

felt

her

fishing

net

growing

heavy

and

was

very

happy（小女孩感觉到自己的渔网越来越重，非常高兴）可知，一个小女孩出去钓鱼。故选C。

（2）考查形容词。句意：当时发生了饥荒，每个人都饿极了。A.疲倦的；B.饥饿的；C.口渴的；D.兴奋的。根据There

was

a

famine

（当时发生了饥荒）可知，每个人都饿极了。故选B。

（3）考查复合不定代词。句意：当青蛙知道女孩想吃东西时，青蛙答应她他可以帮助她。A.什么都没有；B.一些东西，用于否定句或一般疑问句；C.一些东西，用于肯定句；D.某人。根据There

was

a

famine

（当时发生了饥荒）可知，当青蛙知道女孩想吃东西时，这里为肯定句，故用something。故选C。

（4）考查动词。句意：小女孩听从了他的指示。A.支持；B.打破；C.听从；D.憎恨。根据the

frog

promised

her

that

he

could

help

her（青蛙答应她他可以帮助她）可知，小女孩听从了他的指示。故选C。

（5）考查连词。句意：我们不知道这个故事是否属实，但它告诉我们，对于中国人来说，大米和黄金具有同等的价值。A.如果，是否；B.是否；C.哪里；D.无论何时。根据句子，可知本句为宾语从句，这里说的是我们不知道这个故事是否属实，根据or，可知这里用whether。故选B。

（6）考查形容词。句意：我们不知道这个故事是否属实，但它告诉我们，对于中国人来说，大米和黄金具有同等的价值。A.相同的；B.不同的；C.愚蠢的；D.不公平的。根据Rice

is

always

the

main

food

for

the

Chinese（大米一直是中国人的主要食物）可知，大米和黄金具有同等的价值。故选A。

（7）考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，许多土地被用来种植大米，许多中国人都是农民。A.天；B.周；C.月；D.世纪。根据muchlandhasbeenusedtoplantrice（许多土地被用来种植大米）可知，几个世纪以来。故选D。

（8）考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，许多土地被用来种植大米，许多中国人都是农民。A.农民；B.工人；C.医生；D.教师。根据muchlandhasbeenusedtoplantrice（许多土地被用来种植大米）可知，许多中国人都是农民。故选A。

（9）考查介词。句意：他们为每一粒大米而努力劳作。A.在之中；B.通过；C.没有；D.为了。根据each

rice（每一粒大米）可知，为每一粒大米而努力劳作。故选D。

（10）考查名词。句意：提供食物并拒绝对浪费说不是很重要的。A.是；B.你好；C.中国；D.不。根据waste

not（不要浪费）可知，拒绝对浪费说不是很重要的。故选D。

本文讲述了小女孩听从青蛙的指示，得到大米的故事。

首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

21.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】F【小题3】G【小题4】B【小题5】E【解析】细节推理题。

（1）根据前句AslowtraininSouthwestChinawithitsownstudyroomhasgotmuchattention（关注）.ThetrainNo5609/5610runsbetweenChongqingandXiushancounty.（中国西南一列有自习室的慢车引起了人们的广泛关注。5609/5610次列车在重庆和秀山县之间运行。）可知说的是"慢火车"，结合选项，应说"这是一列公共福利的"慢火车"。"故选D。

（2）根据后句meaning

"traveling

and

reading

happily".（意思是"快乐地旅行和阅读"。）可知说的是愉悦之旅的含义，结合选项，应说"在火车上，有"愉悦之旅"等中文字样，"故选F。

（3）根据后句The

trains

are

their

school

buses

and

they

often

use

the

travel

time

to

finish

homework.Many

passengers

also

use

the

travel

time

to

complete

work.（火车是他们的校车，他们经常利用旅行时间完成作业。许多乘客也利用旅行时间来完成工作。）可知说的是乘坐的人，结合选项，应说"附近学校的学生经常乘坐火车往返于学校和家之间。"故选G。

（4）根据后句There

are

nearly

400

universities

and

colleges

in

the

cities

along

the

line.Most

students

from

those

colleges

like

to

choose

this

train.（沿线城市有近400所大学和学院，这些学院的大部分学生都喜欢选择这列火车。）可知说的是运行的地点，结合选项，应说"它在贵阳和北京之间运行。"故选B。

（5）根据后句It

provides

students

with

a

lending

library，free

tea

and

other

services

at

night.It's

a

relaxing

place

for

the

students

to

continue

their

studies.（它为学生提供夜间借阅图书馆、免费茶水等服务，是学生们继续学习的放松之地。）可知说的是为学生开放，结合选项，应说"自2015年以来，列车餐车在夜间免费开放。"故选E。

本文主要介绍了中国西南地区的"慢车"，其中一些车厢被改造成了"学习车厢"，提供给需要学习的乘客一个良好的学习环境。

做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。

22~26.【答案】C、B、D、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段They

will

give

each

potato

a

name

of

a

person

that

they

hate，so

the

number

of

potatoes

will

depend

on

the

number

of

people

they

hate.（他们会给每个土豆取一个他们讨厌的人的名字，所以土豆的数量取决于他们讨厌的人的数量。）可知学生拿的土豆的数量取决于他们讨厌的人的数量，故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Days

passed

by.The

rotten（腐烂的）potatoes

gave

out

unpleasant

smell

and

the

children

started

to

complain.（日子一天天过去了。腐烂的土豆发出难闻的气味，孩子们开始抱怨起来。）可知此处是指孩子们对这个腐烂的土豆发出的难闻的气味感到不高兴，故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段The

children

spoke

out

their

feelings

and

started

complaining

of

the

trouble

because

they

had

to

carry

the

heavy

and

smelly

potatoes

wherever

they

went.（孩子们说出了他们的感受，开始抱怨到哪里都要背着又重又臭的土豆。）可推知孩子们背了几周的土豆感觉是又累又沮丧的，故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段This

is

exactly

the

situation

when

you

carry

your

hate

for

somebody

inside

your

heart.The

unpleasant

smell

of

hate

will

pollute

your

heart

and

you

will

carry

it

with

you

wherever

you

go.If

you

can't

tolerate

（忍受）

the

smell

of

rotten

potatoes

for

just

six

weeks，can

you

imagine

what

it

is

like

to

have

hate

in

your

heart

for

your

lifetime？（这就是你对某人怀恨在心的情况。讨厌的气味会污染你的心脏，无论你走到哪里，你都会带着它。如果你连腐烂土豆的味道都不能忍受六个星期，你能想象一辈子心中都充满仇恨是什么感觉吗？）可知老师想要告诉孩子们从心里把对任何人的恨抛之脑后，故选D。

（5）细节理解题。根据第三段The

game

ended

six

weeks

later.（游戏在六周后结束。）可知游戏在一个半月后结束，故选C。

老师让学生玩一个游戏，让他们把讨厌的人的名字写在土豆上，然后带着这些土豆六周。学生们开始抱怨，因为土豆开始变臭了，有些人还要背着很多土豆。老师告诉他们这个游戏的含义，就是让他们明白心中的仇恨会像臭土豆一样污染自己的心灵，让自己一生受苦。

通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

27~31.【答案】B、C、B、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章首句Scientists

have

found

floating

solar

panelscould

provide

a

huge

amount

of

electricity

if

they

are

put

on

water.（科学家们发现，如果将漂浮的太阳能电池板放在水上，可以提供大量的电力。）可知，我们对这项研究了解是现在大多数太阳能电池板都装在水上，故选：B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第4段The

scientists

found

floating

solar

panels

would

be

especially

useful

when

reservoirs

were

near

smaller

cities.They

could

provide

all

the

electricity

the

cities

need.Floating

solar

panels

can

also

help

save

water

by

limiting

evaporationfrom

reservoirs.Solar

panels

covering

just

30%

of

the

reservoirs

could

save

as

much

water

as

300，000

people

would

use

in

a

year.（科学家们发现，当水库靠近小城市时，漂浮式太阳能电池板尤其有用。它们可以提供城市所需的所有电力。漂浮式太阳能板还可以通过限制水库的蒸发来帮助节水。仅覆盖30%水库的太阳能电池板一年可以节省30万人的用水。）可知，作者举例说明在第4段中展示浮动太阳能电池板可以节水，故选：C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第5段There

are

several

other

reasons

that

make

floating

solar

panels

a

good

idea.Solar

panels

work

better

when

they're

not

very

hot.The

water

helps

cool

the

panels

so

that

they

make

more

energy.Putting

solar

panels

on

water

also

means

there's

no

need

to

clear

land

for

a

solar

farm.（还有其他几个原因使浮动太阳能电池板成为一个好主意。太阳能电池板在不太热的时候工作得更好。水有助于冷却电池板，使其产生更多的能量。将太阳能电池板放在水上也意味着没有必要为太阳能发电场清理土地。）可知，第5段给出了三个理由，故选：B。

（4）推理判断题。根据横线下文Covering

a

reservoir

with

panels

could

affect

the

plants

and

animals

in

the

water.（用面板覆盖水库可能会影响水中的动植物。）可知，说的是面板缺点，横线处应说"浮动太阳能电池板并不完美"符合语境，故选：A。

（5）主旨大意题。根据文章首句Scientists

have

found

floating

solar

panelscould

provide

a

huge

amount

of

electricity

if

they

are

put

on

water.（科学家们发现，如果将漂浮的太阳能电池板放在水上，可以提供大量的电力。）及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家发现，如果将浮动太阳能板放在水上，它们可以提供大量的电力，同时还有助于节约水资源和保护土地。因此这段话主要讲浮动太阳能电池板的优点，故选：D。

本文主要介绍了科学家发现，如果将浮动太阳能板放在水上，它们可以提供大量的电力，同时还有助于节约水资源和保护土地。

通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

32.【答案】【小题1】Itswingwasbroken.【小题2】Hetookithome，cleaned

its

wing

with

warm

waterand

carefully

put

the

medicine

on

the

wingandthenmadeabedforit.【小题3】It

was

time

to

set

the

eagle

free.【小题4】Hewaskindbecausehecarefullylookedafteraninjuredeagle.【小题5】hid【小题6】Itflewhappilyintothesky.【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段One

day，while

he

was

playing

in

the

forest，Jacob

found

an

eagle

with

a

broken

wing（翅膀）.（一天，当他在森林里玩的时候，雅各布发现了一只翅膀断了的老鹰。）可知这只老鹰的一只翅膀断了。故填Itswingwasbroken.

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Jacob

picked

it

up

and

took

it

home.He

cleaned

its

wing

with

warm

water.Then

he

carefully

put

the

medicine

on

the

wing.And

he

made

a

bed

for

the

little

bird

to

lie

on.（雅各布抱起它并把它带回家。他用温水清理了它的翅膀。然后小心地给翅膀上药。之后他给这只小鸟做了一个床让它躺下。）可知雅各布把老鹰带回家后，给它清理翅膀并上药。故填Hetookithome，cleaned

its

wing

with

warm

waterand

carefully

put

the

medicine

on

the

wingandthenmadeabedforit.

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段It

was

time

to

set

the

eagle

free.（是时候放飞老鹰了。）可知雅各布带老鹰去山顶是为了放飞它。故填It

was

time

to

set

the

eagle

free.

（4）细节推理题。根据第二段段意，他细心地照顾受伤的老鹰，可知他是一位善良的孩子。故填Hewaskindbecausehecarefullylookedafteraninjuredeagle.

（5）细节理解题。根据第三段He

ran

to

a

nearby

cave

（洞穴）so

that

it

couldn't

find

him.（他跑进附近的山洞里以便老鹰找不到他。）可知他藏在山洞里。hide表示"隐藏"，hid是过去式。故填hid。

（6）汉译英题。根据时态一致原则，可知此处用一般过去时。flyintothesky表示"飞向天空"，happily表示"高兴地"，副词修饰动词。故填Itflewhappilyintothesky.

本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了善良的雅各布救助一只受伤的老鹰的故事。

熟读全文理解文章大意，带着问题回到文章查找关键信息，按照所学语法知识写出正确句子。

33.【答案】【小题1】当卡通人物从空中坠落时，他们经常躺在云端。【小题2】foggy【小题3】cloud【小题4】A【小题5】B【小题6】D【解析】（1）英译汉题。根据英文When

characters

fall

through

the

sky

in

cartoons，they

often

lie

on

clouds.可知，When当……时；characters人物；fall坠落；through穿过；sky；in

cartoons在卡通中；lie躺；on在……上；clouds云。根据汉语习惯整理成句子。故填：当卡通人物从空中坠落时，他们经常躺在云端。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段If

you've

ever

walked

outside

on

a

really①

day

where

you

can't

see

very

far，you're

walking

through

a

cloud.（你曾经在一个……的日子走在外面，你看不到很远的地方，你正在穿过云层。）可知，看得不太远，只能是多雾的日子。多雾的，形容词，foggy。故填：foggy。根据"Ifyou'veeverwalkedoutsideonareallyfoggydaywhereyoucan'tseeveryfar，you'rewalkingthroughacloud，"Pistonesaid.That's

because

fog

is

just

a

kind

of

②

that

forms

on

the

ground.（皮斯顿说："如果你曾经在大雾天走在外面，看不清很远的地方，那你就是在穿过一片云。"那是因为雾只是在地面上形成的一种……）可知，雾是地面上形成的一种云。云，名词，cloud。故填：cloud。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段But

Pistone

said

that

with

a

bit

of

practice，anyone

can

learn

to

recognize

some

of

the

more

common

clouds…（但皮斯顿说，只要稍加练习，任何人都可以学会识别一些更常见的云……）可知，任何人只需要稍加练习，就可以识别一些常见的云。故选：A。

（4）细节理解题。①根据表格内容Altocumulusclouds（高积云）Theyarewhiteorgrayroundclouds.Theylooklikethewoolofsheepsotheygetthename"sheepbacks".（它们看起来像羊的羊毛，所以它们被称为"羊背"。）可知，高积云看起来像羊毛。B图片的云看起来像羊毛。故选：B。②根据Cumulonimbusclouds（积雨云）Theyriseintotowersandlooklikelargeflowers.（它们上升成塔，看起来像大花朵。）可知，积雨云看起来像大花朵。D图片的云像大花朵。故选：D。③Cirrocumulusclouds（卷积云）